CN102682756A - Ultralow-frequency flexual-tensional underwater acoustic transducer - Google Patents
Ultralow-frequency flexual-tensional underwater acoustic transducer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102682756A CN102682756A CN2012101500123A CN201210150012A CN102682756A CN 102682756 A CN102682756 A CN 102682756A CN 2012101500123 A CN2012101500123 A CN 2012101500123A CN 201210150012 A CN201210150012 A CN 201210150012A CN 102682756 A CN102682756 A CN 102682756A
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Abstract
The invention provides an ultralow-frequency flexual-tensional underwater acoustic transducer which comprises a radiating shell, drive shells, drive elements and transition blocks, wherein the radiating shell and the drive shells are cylindrical shells or concave shells with elliptic cross sections; first transition blocks are arranged on the two sides of each drive element to form a vibrator assembly; the size of each vibrator assembly in the length direction thereof is greater than the distance between the inner walls of two long axes of each drive shell, and the vibrator assembly is arranged in each drive shell and rigidly connected with the inner walls of the long axes of each drive shell to form a drive unit; two second transition blocks are rigidly connected to the short axes ends of each drive unit to form a drive unit assembly; and the size of each drive unit assembly in the length direction thereof is greater than the distance between the inner walls of two long axes of the radiating shell, and the drive unit assemblies are arranged in the radiating shell and rigidly connected with the inner walls of the long axes of the radiating shell. The transducer disclosed by the invention is small in size, light in weight and low in frequency and can be applied to the fields of underwater acoustic detection and measurement, ocean resource exploration, and the like.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of acoustic sensor, specifically a kind of curved formula underwater acoustic transducer of opening of ultralow frequency with multiple enlarge-effect.
Background technology
The ultralow frequency sound wave mainly is meant the sound wave of frequency below 100Hz, and it all has important application in fields such as ocean research, development of resources, military affairs.Therefore, the development for ultra-low frequency underwater acoustic transducer seems particularly important.
The method that can realize the sound radiation of underwater acoustic transducer ultralow frequency has multiple, and common have flexural vibrations type transducer, helmholtz resonator, moving-coil type transducer, a flextensional transducer etc.
Representative in the flexural vibrations transducer is the HX-554 type flexural vibrations ultra-low frequency underwater acoustic transducer that acoustic thermometry is used in the works in the Pacific Ocean.This transducer mainly uses ten bent-strip to surround drum type, realizes the ultralow frequency acoustic emission of transducer through the flexural vibrations of three laminations.Transducer diameter 0.94m, heavy 2300kg in the air, heavy 700kg in the water, resonance frequency is 75Hz, 420 watts of maximum acoustic power, bandwidth 37.5Hz.
Adopt the ultralow frequency transducer of helmholtz resonator structure, the ultralow frequency transducer that more typically has a series of single piezoelectricity disk of people such as Ralph S.Woollet development in 1976, two piezoelectricity disk to drive.Flexural vibrations through the flexural piezoelectric disk encourage Helmholtz chamber inner fluid to external radiation ultralow frequency sound wave.The maximum acoustic source class of the single piezoelectricity disk of 40Hz Helmholtz ultralow frequency transducer is 196dB (0dB=1 μ Pa, 1m place), quality 2800kg, maximum working depth 460m.The maximum acoustic source class of the single piezoelectricity disk of 65Hz Helmholtz ultralow frequency transducer is 203dB, quality 1900kg.
The moving-coil type transducer also is the better sound source that realizes the all-bottom sound radiation, and its driving force produces through the interaction between the coil of certain exchange current by the stationary magnetic field with in the stationary magnetic field.More representational moving-coil type transducer is the UW600 type moving-coil type ultralow frequency transducer of Britain G..W company development.The working frequency range of this transducer is 4Hz-1kHz, maximum acoustic source class 188dB, and weight 1070kg, the inner air compression system that adopts carries out pressure compensation, and working depth can reach 200m.
Flextensional transducer is called for short flextensional transducer, is a kind of typical low frequency in underwater sound field, high-power, small size transducers.The principle of work of flextensional transducer is: utilize the stretching vibration excitation housing of active material to do flexural vibrations, be coupled into the bending stretch vibration mode.The oscillator of doing stretching vibration is active material heap, rod or sheet normally, and housing is the counter-rotating body, the revolution or the pan body of curve of curved surface normally.
IV type flextensional transducer is that application is a kind of comparatively widely in the flextensional transducer.Its radiation housing of IV type flextensional transducer is generally an elliptical tube (William J.Toulis Flexual-extensional Electromechanical Transducer U.S.PatentNo.3; 277; 433 1966), driving element in enclosure interior, utilizes its longitudinal extension vibrational excitation housing to do flexural vibrations along the long axis direction close installation of elliptical tube; Be coupled into the bending stretch vibration mode, its structural representation is as shown in Figure 1.VII type flextensional transducer becomes the cylindroid shell into recessed shell on the basis of IV type, this structure makes that not only the vibration phase of surface of shell is identical, also makes prestress increase along with the increase of the degree of depth.Flextensional transducer has utilized lever principle, has the amplitude enlarge-effect, therefore can give off bigger acoustical power.The sound radiation of flextensional transducer mainly is the first-order bending vibration that utilizes housing, therefore when low frequencies, has little, the lightweight characteristics of size.Frequency of operation is low more, requires the major axis of transducer long more, and therefore, the flextensional transducer that is operated in ultralow frequency range can exist size, problem that weight is big equally.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the curved formula underwater acoustic transducer of opening of ultralow frequency that a kind of size is little, in light weight, frequency is low.
The objective of the invention is to realize like this:
Comprise radiation housing, drive shell, driving element and transition block; It is oval-shaped post shell or recessed shell that said radiation housing and drive shell adopt the cross section; The both sides of said driving element are provided with first transition block, and the driving element and first transition block are formed the oscillator assembly; The size of said oscillator assembly length direction is greater than the distance between two major axis inwalls of drive shell, and the oscillator assembly places drive shell inside and is rigidly connected with drive shell major axis inwall, constitutes driver element; Two second transition block are rigidly attached to the minor axis end of driver element, constitute the driver element assembly; The lengthwise dimension of said driver element assembly is greater than the distance between two major axis inwalls of radiation housing, and the driver element assembly places the radiation enclosure interior and is rigidly connected with radiative envelope long axis of body inwall.
The present invention can also comprise:
1, said driving element is that piezoelectric ceramic piece adopts on circuit and is connected in parallel by the bonding piezoelectric ceramics heap that forms of even number sheet piezoelectric ceramic piece.
2, said driving element is by the rareearth super magnetostrictive rod, and said rareearth super magnetostrictive rod outside is with coil rack, is wound with coil on the coil rack, respectively lays a slice permanent magnetism sheet at rareearth super magnetostrictive rod two ends.
3, said driver element is made up of the series connection of at least two group driver element short-axis directions.
4, drive shell is spill housing and convex housing structure alternately.
5, said oscillator assembly places drive shell inner and be rigidly connected with drive shell major axis inwall and be: make said drive shell produce distortion in advance, utilize the pressure that distance produced that increases between two major axis inwalls of drive shell that the oscillator assembly is fixed between two major axis inwalls of drive shell.
6, said driver element assembly places the radiation enclosure interior and is rigidly connected with radiative envelope long axis of body inwall and is: make said radiation housing produce distortion in advance, utilize the pressure that distance produced that increases between two major axis inwalls of radiation housing that the driver element assembly is fixed between two major axis inwalls of radiation housing.
Principle of work of the present invention is:
Ultra-low frequency underwater acoustic transducer of the present invention is the curved formula underwater acoustic transducer of opening of a kind of ultralow frequency that utilizes multistage amplification principle design; Said driving element is applied alternating current load; Make it produce the longitudinal extension vibration; And then excitation drive shell generation flexural vibrations, utilize the leverage of drive shell to produce the vibration displacement that amplifies at the minor axis end of drive shell, utilize the vibrational excitation radiation housing of drive shell minor axis end to do flexural vibrations further; Utilize the leverage of radiation housing that displacement is further amplified; Thereby make transducer have bigger radianting capacity, and utilize the version of many group driver element short-axis directions series connection to reduce the integral rigidity of transducer, and then reduced the resonance frequency of transducer.
The invention has the advantages that:
The curved formula underwater acoustic transducer of opening of ultralow frequency of the present invention has multiple enlarge-effect, utilizes the leverage of internal drive housing and external radiation housing that the excitation displacement of driving element has been carried out repeatedly amplifying, and has increased the sound radiation ability of transducer; Version through the series connection of many groups driver element short-axis direction; Increased the volume of active material with respect to traditional flextensional transducer; Increased the power capacity of transducer, helped realizing the high-power emission of transducer, this type of drive has also reduced the integral rigidity of transducer; Further reduced the resonance frequency of transducer with respect to unidimensional traditional flextensional transducer, therefore the curved formula underwater acoustic transducer of opening of ultralow frequency of the present invention has advantages such as size is little, frequency is low, power is big.Can be applicable to fields such as underwater sound detection, measurement and ocean resources exploration.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an IV type flextensional transducer structural representation;
Fig. 2 is that the axles such as the curved one-piece construction of opening the formula underwater acoustic transducer of ultralow frequency that the present invention does driving element with piezoelectric ceramics are surveyed view;
Fig. 3 is the present invention makes driving element of piezoelectric ceramics a structure of driving unit synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the present invention makes driving element of piezoelectric ceramics a potsherd line synoptic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the present invention makes driving element of the rareearth super magnetostrictive rod a structure of driving unit synoptic diagram;
Fig. 6 is that radiation housing of the present invention and drive shell adopt the axles such as the curved one-piece construction of opening the formula underwater acoustic transducer of ultralow frequency of recessed hull shape formula to survey view;
Fig. 7 a-Fig. 7 b is that drive shell of the present invention adopts the curved structural representation of opening the driver element assembly of formula underwater acoustic transducer of recessed shell and convex hull ultralow frequency alternately.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further description.
The implication of a symbol is in the accompanying drawing: 1-radiation housing, 2-drive shell, 3-Piezoelectric Ceramic element, 4-first transition block, 5-second transition block, 6-permanent magnetism sheet, 7-rareearth super magnetostrictive rod, 8-coil, 9-coil rack.
With reference to figure 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, make the curved formula underwater acoustic transducer of opening of a ultralow frequency of the present invention, the radiation housing 1 of this underwater acoustic transducer is that the cross section is oval-shaped post shell, adopts the aluminum alloy materials processing and fabricating.The curved total length of opening the formula underwater acoustic transducer of the ultralow frequency of present embodiment is about 320mm.Adopt the version of three groups of driver element short-axis direction series connection in the present embodiment, drive shell 2 adopts the aluminum alloy materials processing and fabricating, and the housing long axis length is about 170mm.
The driving element of present embodiment adopts the rectangle piezoelectric ceramic piece to make, and piezoelectric ceramic piece is of a size of 70mm * 20mm * 5mm.Per 24 piezoelectric ceramic pieces are one group of driving element, and the piezoelectric ceramics heap adopts and is connected in parallel, and wiring is as shown in Figure 4.Folder is with sheet metal between the piezoelectric ceramic piece, and with welding lead, sheet metal is of a size of 70mm * 20mm * 0.1mm, adopts brass material to make.With the alternate bonding one by one formation driving element with sheet metal of piezoelectric ceramic piece, the driving element of present embodiment has three groups with epoxy resin.
Two first transition block 4 of driving element and its both sides are formed the oscillator assembly, and first transition block 4 adopts aluminium alloy to make.The size of oscillator assembly length direction is greater than the distance between 2 two major axis inwalls of drive shell, and the size of the oscillator assembly length direction of present embodiment is than the big 0.2mm of distance between 2 two major axis inwalls of drive shell.When the assembling driver element; Through 2 two minor axis end points of drive shell are exerted pressure; The distance that increases between 2 two major axis inwalls of drive shell makes it the longitudinal size greater than the oscillator assembly; Place between 2 two major axis inwalls of drive shell assembly and relief pressure, be fixed on oscillator assembly drive shell 2 two major axis inwalls between through prestress this moment, and be rigidly connected with drive shell 2.
Adopt the version of three groups of driver element short-axis directions series connection in the present embodiment, the minor axis end of drive shell 2 is designed to the plane, and such processing can be so that there be mechanical couplings preferably during the series connection of driver element short-axis direction.Both sides at three groups of driver elements connect two second transition block 5; Constitute the driver element assembly; Second transition block 5 adopts aluminium alloy to make; The lengthwise dimension of driver element assembly is greater than the distance between 1 two major axis inwalls of radiation housing, and the size of the driver element assembly length direction of present embodiment is than the big 0.6mm of distance between 1 two major axis inwalls of radiation housing.In the timing of transducer integral installation; Through 1 two minor axis end points of radiation housing are exerted pressure; Distance between 1 two major axis inwalls of Enhanced Radiation Reduced Blast housing makes it the longitudinal size greater than the driver element assembly; Place between 1 two major axis inwalls of radiation housing assembly and relief pressure, be fixed on driver element assembly radiation housing 1 two major axis inwalls between through prestress this moment, and be rigidly connected with radiation housing 1.The curved formula underwater acoustic transducer of opening of the ultralow frequency of present embodiment adopts cover plate for sealing, and cover plate adopts aluminum alloy materials to make.
During transducer work; The Piezoelectric Ceramic element is applied alternating current load,, make the piezoelectric ceramics heap produce the longitudinal extension vibration because piezoelectric ceramics has piezoelectric effect; Through with the mechanical couplings of drive shell 2; Excitation drive shell 2 produces flexural vibrations, utilizes the leverage of drive shell 2 to produce the vibration displacement that amplifies at the minor axis end of drive shell 2, utilizes the version of three drive shell, 2 minor axis ends series connection that the excitation displacement of driving element is amplified; Utilize the vibrational excitation radiation housing 1 of drive shell 2 minor axis ends to do flexural vibrations further; Utilize the leverage of radiation housing 1 that displacement is further amplified, convert the bigger volume displacement in radiation housing 1 surface to, thereby make transducer have bigger radianting capacity.
The curved formula underwater acoustic transducer of opening of ultralow frequency in the present embodiment can also adopt the overflow-type structure except that adopting cover plate for sealing.
As shown in Figure 5, the driving element of present embodiment adopts rareearth super magnetostrictive rod 7, and the outside is with coil rack 9, is wound with coil 8 on the coil rack 9, respectively lays a slice permanent magnetism sheet 6 at rareearth super magnetostrictive rod 7 two ends.Rareearth super magnetostrictive rod 7, permanent magnetism sheet 6 and first transition block 4 constitute the oscillator assembly.The transducer assembling process of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.
During transducer work; The synergy in the dynamic driving magnetic field that rareearth super magnetostrictive rod 7 produces in quiescent biasing magnetic field that permanent magnetism sheet 6 provides and coil 8 energising backs generation magnetostriction is down vibrated; Mechanical couplings through driving element and drive shell 2; Excitation drive shell 2 produces flexural vibrations, and then utilizes the vibrational excitation radiation housing 1 of drive shell 2 minor axis ends to do flexural vibrations, to external radiation acoustic energy.
The remainder of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.
As shown in Figure 6, the radiation housing 1 of present embodiment adopts the spill case design with drive shell 2.When the assembling driver element; Through 2 two recessed shells of drive shell summit is applied pulling force; The distance that increases between 2 two major axis inwalls of drive shell makes it the longitudinal size greater than the oscillator assembly; Place between 2 two major axis inwalls of drive shell assembly and relief pressure, be fixed on oscillator assembly drive shell 2 two major axis inwalls between through prestress this moment, and be rigidly connected with drive shell 2.In the timing of transducer integral installation; Through 1 two recessed shells of radiation housing summit is applied pulling force; Distance between 1 two major axis inwalls of Enhanced Radiation Reduced Blast housing makes it the longitudinal size greater than the driver element assembly; Place between 1 two major axis inwalls of radiation housing assembly and relief pressure, be fixed on driver element assembly radiation housing 1 two major axis inwalls between through prestress this moment, and be rigidly connected with radiation housing 1.
Other part and the embodiment 1 of present embodiment are identical.
As shown in Figure 7, in the driver element assembly of present embodiment, drive shell 2 adopts spill housing and convex housing version alternately.This spread pattern makes that the structure of driver element assembly is compact more, helps making full use of radiation housing 1 volume inside, reduces the size of transducer.During transducer work, the Piezoelectric Ceramic element 3 in convex drive shell and the spill drive shell is applied alternating current load respectively, satisfying its excitation electric signal phase difference is 180 degree, to guarantee the in phase vibration of drive shell.
Other part and the embodiment 1 of present embodiment are identical.
Claims (8)
1. the curved formula underwater acoustic transducer of opening of ultralow frequency comprises radiation housing, drive shell, driving element and transition block; It is oval-shaped post shell or recessed shell that said radiation housing and drive shell adopt the cross section; It is characterized in that: the both sides of said driving element are provided with first transition block, and the driving element and first transition block are formed the oscillator assembly; The size of said oscillator assembly length direction is greater than the distance between two major axis inwalls of drive shell, and the oscillator assembly places drive shell inside and is rigidly connected with drive shell major axis inwall, constitutes driver element; Two second transition block are rigidly attached to the minor axis end of driver element, constitute the driver element assembly; The lengthwise dimension of said driver element assembly is greater than the distance between two major axis inwalls of radiation housing, and the driver element assembly places the radiation enclosure interior and is rigidly connected with radiative envelope long axis of body inwall.
2. the curved formula underwater acoustic transducer of opening of a kind of ultralow frequency according to claim 1 is characterized in that said driving element is that piezoelectric ceramic piece adopts and is connected in parallel by the bonding piezoelectric ceramics heap that forms of even number sheet piezoelectric ceramic piece on circuit.
3. the curved formula underwater acoustic transducer of opening of a kind of ultralow frequency according to claim 1; It is characterized in that said driving element is by the rareearth super magnetostrictive rod; Said rareearth super magnetostrictive rod outside is with coil rack; Be wound with coil on the coil rack, respectively lay a slice permanent magnetism sheet at rareearth super magnetostrictive rod two ends.
4. according to claim 1, the curved formula underwater acoustic transducer of opening of 2 or 3 described a kind of ultralow frequencies, it is characterized in that said driver element is made up of the series connection of at least two group driver element short-axis directions.
5. according to claim 1, the curved formula underwater acoustic transducer of opening of 2 or 3 described a kind of ultralow frequencies; It is characterized in that said oscillator assembly places drive shell inner and be rigidly connected with drive shell major axis inwall and be: make said drive shell produce distortion in advance, utilize the pressure that distance produced that increases between two major axis inwalls of drive shell that the oscillator assembly is fixed between two major axis inwalls of drive shell.
6. the curved formula underwater acoustic transducer of opening of a kind of ultralow frequency according to claim 4; It is characterized in that said oscillator assembly places drive shell inner and be rigidly connected with drive shell major axis inwall and be: make said drive shell produce distortion in advance, utilize the pressure that distance produced that increases between two major axis inwalls of drive shell that the oscillator assembly is fixed between two major axis inwalls of drive shell.
7. according to claim 1, the curved formula underwater acoustic transducer of opening of 2 or 3 described a kind of ultralow frequencies; It is characterized in that said driver element assembly places the radiation enclosure interior and be rigidly connected being: make said radiation housing produce distortion in advance, utilize the pressure that distance produced that increases between two major axis inwalls of radiation housing that the driver element assembly is fixed between two major axis inwalls of radiation housing with radiative envelope long axis of body inwall.
8. the curved formula underwater acoustic transducer of opening of a kind of ultralow frequency according to claim 4; It is characterized in that said driver element assembly places the radiation enclosure interior and be rigidly connected being: make said radiation housing produce distortion in advance, utilize the pressure that distance produced that increases between two major axis inwalls of radiation housing that the driver element assembly is fixed between two major axis inwalls of radiation housing with radiative envelope long axis of body inwall.
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| CN2012101500123A CN102682756A (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2012-05-15 | Ultralow-frequency flexual-tensional underwater acoustic transducer |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105702244A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-22 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Embedded external drive IV type flextensional transducer |
| CN105702243A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-22 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Dual-shell series connection IV type flextensional transducer |
| CN107039026A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-08-11 | 西北核技术研究所 | A kind of adjustable flextensional transducer |
| CN107068141A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-08-18 | 西北核技术研究所 | Adjustable sheet combination type flextensional transducer |
| CN107403616A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-11-28 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of side type flextensional transducer of low frequency framework drive-type four |
| CN108305606A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-20 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Low frequency mosaic elliptical ring energy converter |
| CN108877756A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-11-23 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of low frequency annulus energy converter of flextensional structure driving |
| CN110624808A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-12-31 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Novel composite transducer |
| CN110887559A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-03-17 | 华中科技大学 | Low-frequency flextensional acoustic pressure hydrophone |
| CN111365621A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-07-03 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Actuator and its manufacturing method and sonic wave transmitter |
| CN115278419A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-11-01 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Broadband underwater acoustic transducer |
| US11931776B2 (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2024-03-19 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Actuator, method for manufacturing the actuator, and acoustic transmitter |
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Cited By (18)
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| CN105702244B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2019-09-24 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | A kind of embedded external drive IV type flextensional transducer |
| CN105702243A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-22 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Dual-shell series connection IV type flextensional transducer |
| CN105702244A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-22 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Embedded external drive IV type flextensional transducer |
| CN105702243B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2019-12-17 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Double-shell series IV-type flextensional transducer |
| CN107039026A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-08-11 | 西北核技术研究所 | A kind of adjustable flextensional transducer |
| CN107068141A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-08-18 | 西北核技术研究所 | Adjustable sheet combination type flextensional transducer |
| CN107068141B (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2020-04-14 | 西北核技术研究所 | Adjustable sheet combined flextensional transducer |
| CN107403616A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-11-28 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of side type flextensional transducer of low frequency framework drive-type four |
| CN107403616B (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2020-08-07 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Low-frequency frame driving type quadrilateral flextensional transducer |
| CN108305606A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-20 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Low frequency mosaic elliptical ring energy converter |
| CN108305606B (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2021-05-28 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Low-frequency splicing elliptical ring transducer |
| CN108877756A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-11-23 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of low frequency annulus energy converter of flextensional structure driving |
| CN111365621A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-07-03 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Actuator and its manufacturing method and sonic wave transmitter |
| CN111365621B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2022-01-11 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Actuator and its manufacturing method and sonic wave transmitter |
| US11931776B2 (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2024-03-19 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Actuator, method for manufacturing the actuator, and acoustic transmitter |
| CN110624808A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-12-31 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Novel composite transducer |
| CN110887559A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-03-17 | 华中科技大学 | Low-frequency flextensional acoustic pressure hydrophone |
| CN115278419A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-11-01 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Broadband underwater acoustic transducer |
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Application publication date: 20120919 |