CN111699976B - 一种环境调节型羊舍 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种环境调节型羊舍，包括顶盖，顶盖相对的两侧分别与舍壁相连，在顶盖另外两侧向下安装卷帘，所述卷帘由若干平行的可充气夹层拼接而成，在所述可充气夹层朝向羊舍内的一侧面上从一端向另一端设置有多个排气孔，所述可充气夹层均与送风管路相连，送风管路与热风源相连，在所述送风管路上设有分支管路，所述分支管路与中药提取装置相连。该羊舍能够均匀调节羊舍内气温，成本低，调温均匀，并且能够同时对羊舍进行杀菌，能够很好提升母带羔羊舍的空气温度和卫生状况，明显提高羔羊的成活率，降低其发病率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种羊舍，具体涉及一种调剂空气和环境卫生状况的羊舍。
背景技术
我国养羊业在畜牧业中占有重要比重，规模化、标准化、现代化的养殖方式已成为羊业发展的主导方向，而羊舍是保障羊群健康成长的关键场所，羊舍环境的好坏直接影响羊的生长和繁殖。阴冷潮湿的羊舍环境大大降低了羊的生产和繁殖性能，尤其是母带羔羊舍，湿冷的空气不仅降低羔羊的免疫力，还会促进细菌滋生，明显降低羔羊的存活率。目前羊舍结构较为简陋，单层卷帘的保暖效果并不理想，虽然也有安装空调的羊舍，但是空调调温不均匀，而且安装成本和用电成本均较高，效果并不理想，此外，还没有比较理想的对羊舍进行杀菌消毒的方法。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种环境调节型羊舍，该羊舍能够均匀调节羊舍内气温，成本低，调温均匀，并且能够同时对羊舍进行杀菌，能够很好提升母带羔羊舍的空气温度和卫生状况，明显提高羔羊的成活率，降低其发病率。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采取如下技术方案：
一种环境调节型羊舍，包括顶盖，顶盖相对的两侧分别与舍壁相连，其特征在于，在顶盖另外两侧向下安有卷帘，所述卷帘由若干平行的可充气夹层拼接而成，在所述可充气夹层朝向羊舍内的一侧面上从一端向另一端设置有多个排气孔，所述可充气夹层均与送风管路相连，送风管路与热风源相连，在所述送风管路上设有分支管路，所述分支管路与中药提取装置相连，所述中药提取装置包括锅体和锅盖，在锅盖上设有排气阀和进水阀，排气阀与所述分支管路相连，进水阀与供水管路相连。
优选的，当需要调节羊舍温度时，所述热风源产生热风并经送风管路和卷帘均匀送入羊舍内；当需要对羊舍杀菌时，在所述锅体内按如下重量配比加入中药组合物：苍术2~4份、艾叶2~4份、香薷2~4份、白芷1~3份、薄荷1~3份、八角茴香1~3份、牛至1~3份、迷迭香1~3份、紫苏叶2~4份和桉树叶1~3份，然后向所述锅体内加入水并加热至沸腾，产生的中药蒸汽经排气阀进入分支管路和送风管路并随热风进入羊舍内。
优选的，所述卷帘由软质塑料或软质橡胶制成，所述可充气夹层横向设置，所述排气孔的直径为1~2毫米，相邻两个排气孔间距15~20厘米。
优选的，所述卷帘的一侧设有竖向通道，所述可充气夹层均与所述竖向通道相连通，所述竖向通道经接口与所述送风管路相连通。
优选的，每10立方米羊舍容积需加入中药组合物和水的重量为：苍术2~4克、艾叶2~4克、香薷2~4克、白芷1~3克、薄荷1~3克、八角茴香1~3克、牛至1~3克、迷迭香1~3克、紫苏叶2~4克和桉树叶1~3克、水100~150克，加热至沸腾后中药蒸汽经所述排气阀排出，保持沸腾45~60分钟。
本发明的技术方案中，通过热风源产生热风，并经管路和卷帘送入羊舍内，由于卷帘上均匀设置排气孔，并且由相对的两侧卷帘同时送出，能够均匀的提升羊舍温度，使气温更加均匀舒适，提升羔羊的生活福利；并且卷帘、热风源等设备成本低，符合养羊的实际情况，便于推广使用。同时，本发明还给出了有明显杀菌效果的中药组合物，并给出了具体的杀菌使用方法，能够明显杀灭羊舍的多种细菌，极大改善羊舍的卫生状况。本羊舍通过较为舒适的温度环境提升了羔羊的免疫力，并且降低了细菌含量，极大增强了羔羊的生存能力。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图；
图2为本发明结构局部解剖示意图；
图3为单味中药杀菌效果；
图4为复方中药杀菌效果。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，通过优选的实施例对本发明做进一步说明：
实施例1
如图1和图2所示，本环境调节型羊舍包括顶盖1，顶盖1相对的两侧分别与舍壁2和相对的另一侧舍壁相连。在顶盖另外两侧向下安有卷帘3，卷帘3由若干平行的可充气夹层301拼接而成，在可充气夹层301朝向羊舍内的一侧面上从一端向另一端设置有多个排气孔302，可充气夹层均与送风管路4相连，送风管路4与热风源5相连，热风源5包括电热箱501和风机502，电热箱501内设置电热水给风加热，风机502吹出的风经电热箱501加热后送入送风管路4内，可在送风管路4内设置温度传感器与控制单元相连，控制单元控制电热丝加热功率，从而控制将空气加热的温度。在送风管路4上设有分支管路6，分支管路6与中药提取装置7相连。中药提取装置7包括锅体701和锅盖702，在锅盖上设有排气阀703和进水阀704，排气阀703与所述分支管路6相连。进水阀704与送水管路相连，可以向锅体701内加入水，在送水管路上设置水表，用来计量加入水的量。
在一个优选例中，卷帘由软质塑料或软质橡胶制成，所述可充气夹层横向设置，所述排气孔的直径为1~2毫米，相邻两个排气孔间距15~20厘米。
在冬季气温较低需要提升羊舍温度时，打开风机和电热丝，通过控制单元设定好热风的温度，将热风通过排气孔均匀送入羊舍内，两侧卷帘均可以送入热风，并且面对面相对吹风，可以很快的并且很均匀的提升羊舍内空气温度，对于母带羔羊舍尤其能提高羔羊的福利，增加羔羊的抗病力。
需要利用中药组分对羊舍进行杀菌时，可以按如下方法操作：向锅体701内加入中药组合物，中药组合物的配比按重量计为：苍术2~4份、艾叶2~4份、香薷2~4份、白芷1~3份、薄荷1~3份、八角茴香1~3份、牛至1~3份、迷迭香1~3份、紫苏叶2~4份和桉树叶1~3份，然后向所述锅体内加入水并加热至沸腾，产生的中药蒸汽经排气阀进入分支管路和送风管路并随热风进入羊舍内对羊舍进行杀菌。
经过试验，杀菌效果较为理想的中药组合物的量按每10立方米羊舍容积计：苍术2~4克、艾叶2~4克、香薷2~4克、白芷1~3克、薄荷1~3克、八角茴香1~3克、牛至1~3克、迷迭香1~3克、紫苏叶2~4克和桉树叶1~3克、水100~150克，加热至沸腾后中药蒸汽经所述排气阀排出，保持沸腾45~60分钟，然后再加入80~100克的水继续加热并保持沸腾30~45分钟。
例如，对于容积10000立方米的羊舍（羊舍长150米，跨度12米，顶部最高处为7米，经测算容积约为10000立方米），可设置10个分支管路（每个卷帘对应5个），每个分支管路带一个锅体和锅盖，每个锅体内加入苍术200克、艾叶200克、香薷200克、白芷100克、薄荷100克、八角茴香100克、牛至100克、迷迭香100克、紫苏叶200克和桉树叶100克、水10000克（图4中的中药复方2），然后加入至沸腾，蒸汽即进入分支管路，然后随热风进入羊舍。持续45分钟进行杀菌。
实施例2
对比试验1：在锅体内分别加入如下单味中药（即只加入一种组分）：苍术、艾叶、香薷、白芷、薄荷、八角茴香、牛至、迷迭香、紫苏叶和桉树叶，对每种中药试验时，该中药总量均为1300克，与上述中药组合物总量相同，加入水量10000克，沸腾后持续时间45分钟。同时与传统的10%碘制剂消毒剂的喷雾效果进行对比，碘制剂按推荐剂量，1:500稀释后进行喷雾消毒，细菌的检测结果如图3所示。图3表明，对10种中草药的抑菌效果比较试验表明，单味中药的抑菌效果虽然不如碘制剂喷撒效果好，但明显好于不采用任何消毒剂的对照组，尤其是苍术、艾叶、香薷和紫苏叶，喷入上述4种挥发气体后羊舍空气中的细菌总数大大降低，与对照组比较，细菌总数降低了72%、69%、75%和65%，而喷入其他中药的细菌总数降低了62%~51%。
对比试验2：在锅体内加入如下中药组合物（等比混合，即表4的中药复方1）：苍术100克、艾叶100克、香薷100克、白芷100克、薄荷100克、八角茴香100克、牛至100克、迷迭香100克、紫苏叶100克和桉树叶100克，加入水量10000克，沸腾后持续时间45分钟。结果如图4所示，图4表明，10味中药等量配比的复方（中药复方1）和非等量配方的复方（即实施例1的配方，中药复方2）可以使舍内空气细菌总数分别降低73%和80%，而碘制剂可使细菌总数降低69%，可见苍术2份、艾叶2份、香薷2份、白芷1份、薄荷1份、八角茴香1份、牛至1份、迷迭香1份、紫苏叶2份和桉树叶1份的复方效果最佳。
以上测算的是羊舍空气中的细菌总数，包含大肠杆菌、链球菌和金黄葡萄球菌等，采用营养琼脂培养基测算菌落数进行检验。
实施例3 中药复方2对母羊繁殖性能和羔羊生产性能的影响研究
按实施例1的消毒方法，每5天消毒一次，同时对另一栋母带羔羊舍进行传统的10%碘制剂消毒剂，按推荐剂量，1:500稀释后喷雾消毒，每5天喷一次，另设不喷任何消毒剂的对照组，试验期5周，检测母羊繁殖性能指标（初生羔羊成活率、母羊年产羔数、产羔率和产羔间隔）、羔羊生产性能指标（体重、日增重和采食量等）和羔羊血液生理生化指标。
实施例1的消毒方法对母羊繁殖性能的影响如表1所示。该方法对母带羔舍消毒不仅影响羔羊的生产性能，也大大改善了能繁母羊的繁殖性能，年产羔数量和产羔率显著高于对照组（P<0.05），而且缩短了产羔间隔（P<0.05）。从羔羊生产性能分析（表2），采用该方法消毒的羊舍羔羊28天和56天的体重和日增重均显著高于对照组（P<0.05），而且消毒后，28天和56天的羔羊腹泻率较对照组分别降低了59%和50%，而喷撒碘制剂并未降低羔羊腹泻率（P>0.05）。
从羔羊血液生理生化指标结果（表3）可以看出，中药复方消毒可改善羔羊的免疫系统，提高血液IgE的含量（P<0.05）。另外，中药复方也改善了羔羊的抗氧化性能，提高了过氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性（P<0.05），降低丙二醛（MDA）含量（P<0.05）。
上述实施例只是对本发明构思和实现的说明，并非对其进行限制，在本发明构思下，未经实质变换的技术方案仍然在保护范围内。
Claims (1)
1.一种环境调节型羊舍，包括顶盖，顶盖相对的两侧分别与舍壁相连，其特征在于，在顶盖另外两侧向下安装卷帘，所述卷帘由若干平行的可充气夹层拼接而成，在所述可充气夹层朝向羊舍内的一侧面上从一端向另一端设置有多个排气孔，所述可充气夹层均与送风管路相连，送风管路与热风源相连，在所述送风管路上设有分支管路，所述分支管路与中药提取装置相连，所述中药提取装置包括锅体和锅盖，在锅盖上设有排气阀和进水阀，排气阀与所述分支管路相连，进水阀与供水管路相连；所述卷帘由软质塑料或软质橡胶制成，所述可充气夹层横向设置，所述排气孔的直径为1~2毫米，相邻两个排气孔间距15~20厘米；所述卷帘的一侧设有竖向通道，所述可充气夹层均与所述竖向通道相连通，所述竖向通道经接口与所述送风管路相连通。
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