CN111699668B - Lens array, imaging device and imaging method - Google Patents
Lens array, imaging device and imaging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111699668B CN111699668B CN201880087475.5A CN201880087475A CN111699668B CN 111699668 B CN111699668 B CN 111699668B CN 201880087475 A CN201880087475 A CN 201880087475A CN 111699668 B CN111699668 B CN 111699668B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/02—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the intensity of light
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
Abstract
The invention discloses a lens array, an imaging device and an imaging method. The imaging device comprises a main lens and a lens unit, wherein the main lens is used for transmitting imaging light; the lens array is positioned on the focal plane of the main lens and at least comprises a lens unit; a sensor located on a focal plane of the lens array; a control unit for controlling a focal length of the lens unit; the control unit adjusts a focal length of the lens unit so that the imaging device selectively turns on the camera mode.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an imaging technology, and in particular, to a lens array, an imaging device, and an imaging method.
Background
The Light Field Camera (Light Field Camera) is a Camera which records data of Light beams in all directions when a user takes a picture, performs focusing processing by using a computer after taking the picture, namely, the picture is taken first and then focused, and the user selects the focusing condition autonomously to finally obtain a satisfactory picture. However, the existing light field cameras capture light from all directions in a scene by a micro lens array arranged in front of a sensor, so that the cameras can only work in a light field camera mode, resulting in low resolution of the obtained photos.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a lens array, an imaging device and an imaging method, wherein the imaging device can select to start a common camera mode, a light field camera mode and a combined mode by using the lens array in the imaging device so as to solve the problem of low image resolution.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that:
provided is an image forming apparatus including:
a main lens for transmitting imaging light;
the lens array is positioned on the focal plane of the main lens and at least comprises a lens unit;
a sensor located on a focal plane of the lens array;
a control unit for controlling a focal length of the lens unit.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts another technical scheme that:
there is provided an imaging method including:
the main lens receives external light and transmits the light to the lens array;
the lens array processes the external light and transmits the processed light to the sensor;
the sensor acquires the processed light, converts an optical image contained in the processed light into an electric signal and delivers the electric signal to the control unit;
The control unit analyzes the electric signal to obtain an image, sends a control instruction to the lens array by aiming at the focusing requirement of the image, changes the curvature of the lens unit in the lens array and completes the focusing treatment of the subsequent image.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts another technical scheme that:
there is provided a lens array comprising:
a substrate;
a first electrode disposed on the substrate;
the hydrophobic insulating layer is arranged on the first electrode, and a plurality of accommodating grooves are formed in the hydrophobic insulating layer so as to expose the first electrode;
the accommodating groove is used for accommodating a light-transmitting medium;
elastic films are arranged on the light-transmitting medium and the hydrophobic insulating layer; and
a second electrode is arranged on the elastic film;
the first electrode and the second electrode form a lens unit opposite to the accommodating groove, and the first electrode and the second electrode form a lens opposite to the lens unit in the accommodating groove by providing voltage to the first electrode and the second electrode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: different from the prior art, the imaging device uses the lens array in the imaging device, and controls the focal length of the lens unit in the lens array through the control unit, so that the imaging device selectively starts a common camera mode, a light field camera mode and a combined mode, and the problem of low image resolution is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of an image forming apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of a lens array according to the present invention;
FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of a lens array according to the present invention with the lens elements pressurized;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a lens array of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a lens array and a sensor in an imaging device according to the present invention in a normal camera mode;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a lens array and a sensor in an imaging device of the present invention in a light field camera mode;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a lens array and a sensor in an imaging apparatus according to the present invention in a combination of a normal camera mode and a light field camera mode;
fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of the imaging method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Non-conflicting ones of the following embodiments may be combined with each other. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this invention and the above-described drawings are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements explicitly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of an imaging device according to the present invention is shown, the imaging device including:
a main lens 1 for transmitting imaging light;
the lens array 2 is positioned on the focal plane of the main lens 1, and the lens array 2 at least comprises a lens unit 100;
a control unit 3 for controlling the focal length of the lens unit 100.
And the sensor 4 is positioned on the focal plane of the lens array 2.
In particular, the lens unit 100 is a liquid zoom lens or an electrowetting dual liquid zoom lens.
In particular, the method comprises the following steps of,
as shown in fig. 2a, the lens array 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the lens array of the present invention, and the lens array 2 includes:
a substrate 10;
a first electrode 20 disposed on the substrate 10;
A hydrophobic insulating layer 30 disposed on the first electrode 20, and a plurality of receiving grooves 40 are disposed on the hydrophobic insulating layer 30 to expose the first electrode 20;
the accommodating groove 40 is used for accommodating a light-transmitting medium 50;
an elastic film 60 is arranged on the light-transmitting medium 50 and the hydrophobic insulating layer 30; and
the elastic film 60 is arranged on the second electrode 70;
the first electrode 20 and the second electrode 70 form a lens unit 100 opposite to the accommodating groove 40.
The plurality of accommodating grooves 40 formed in the hydrophobic insulating layer 30 are a plurality of strip-shaped accommodating grooves 40 penetrating through the hydrophobic insulating layer 30;
the first electrode 20 is composed of a plurality of first electrode strips and is arranged corresponding to the accommodating groove 40, and the second electrode 70 is composed of a plurality of second electrode strips;
the plurality of bar-shaped receiving grooves 40 are parallel to each other, the plurality of first electrode bars are parallel to each other, and the plurality of second electrode bars are parallel to each other;
the projection of the first electrode stripes on the plane of the second electrode 70 perpendicularly intersects with the second electrode stripes to form the lens unit 100 at the intersection, the shape of the lens unit 100 may be a diamond shape or a square shape, and in this embodiment, the shape of the lens unit 100 is not limited.
As shown in fig. 2a, a layer of transparent ITO (Indium Tin oxide) film is plated on a glass substrate 10 to serve as a first electrode 20, the first electrode 20 is formed into first electrode stripes that are uniformly distributed in parallel stripes at intervals by a photolithography method, a layer of hydrophobic insulating layer 30 is further coated on the first electrode stripes, and the hydrophobic insulating layer 30 is etched to form parallel stripes that are distributed at intervals corresponding to the shapes of the first electrode stripes and expose the first electrode stripes under the hydrophobic insulating layer 30, so as to form an accommodating groove 40. Putting a light-transmitting medium 50 in the accommodating groove 40, then depositing a layer of transparent elastic film 60 on the light-transmitting medium 50 by a chemical vapor deposition method, encapsulating the light-transmitting medium 50 in a closed space, and controlling the thickness of the transparent elastic film 60 to be about 1-2 μm so as to enable the transparent elastic film 60 to have proper elasticity. A transparent ITO film is further plated on the transparent elastic film 60 as a second electrode 70. The first electrode 20 and the second electrode 70 are separated by the hydrophobic insulating layer 30, the light-transmitting medium 50, and the transparent elastic film 60. The first electrode 20 and the second electrode 70 form a lens unit 100 opposite to the accommodating groove 40.
Referring to fig. 2b, which is a schematic structural diagram of the lens unit 100 in the lens array in the pressurized state according to the present invention, it can be seen from fig. 2b that the control unit 3 provides a voltage V to the first electrode 20 and the second electrode 70, for example, provides a positive voltage to one of the first electrode or the second electrode and provides a negative voltage to the other, and the voltage is controlled to adjust the focal length of the lens unit 100 so that the lens unit 100 at the accommodating groove position where the first electrode 20 and the second electrode 70 are opposite to each other forms the lens 200.
In this embodiment, the transparent medium 50 is a transparent insulating liquid, and the formed lens array is a liquid lens array.
Because the hydrophobic insulation layer 30 is arranged around the holding tank 40, a larger contact angle exists between the interface of the transparent insulation liquid and the hydrophobic insulation layer 30, so that the lenticular elements 100 assume a slightly convex state as shown in fig. 2a (for ease of understanding, macroscopic magnification), the second electrode 70 also assumes a curved state, after a voltage V is applied between the first electrode 20 and the second electrode 70, the transparent medium 50 and the transparent elastic film 60 deposited on the surface of the transparent medium 50 are deformed due to the potential effect of the bent second electrode 70 and the force between the first electrode 20 and the second electrode 70, and then the lens unit 100 forms a lens 200, the control unit 3 controls the curvature of the surface of the transparent medium 50 according to the magnitude of the voltage applied between the first electrode 20 and the second electrode 70, and adjusts the focal length of the lens unit 100 to realize zooming.
Referring to fig. 3, which is a schematic top view of the lens array of the present invention, the projection of the first electrode stripes on the plane of the second electrode 70 is perpendicular to the second electrode stripes to form a square lens unit 100.
In this embodiment, the first electrode 20 and the second electrode 70 are transparent ito, or the first electrode 20 is transparent ito, and the second electrode 70 is nano-silver.
In the image forming apparatus according to the present invention,
when the control unit 3 does not supply a voltage to all the lens units 100, the imaging apparatus operates in a normal camera mode (i.e., a two-dimensional imaging mode) to obtain a normal two-dimensional image. In this mode, the lens units 100 in the lens array 2 correspond to transparent plates, and the whole lens array 2 corresponds to a whole transparent plate, which corresponds to adding a transparent element in the imaging optical path of a common camera. After passing through the main lens 1 and the transparent element, the object plane is imaged on a sensing unit 41 (shown in fig. 4) on the sensor 4 to obtain a normal two-dimensional image. Although the invention can not ensure that the light rays emitted to the lens array 2 by the front-end main lens 1 are nearly parallel light rays, the aberration introduced by the flat plate element can be uniformly considered and balanced when the main lens 1 is designed, thereby controlling the aberration within an acceptable range.
When the control unit 3 supplies voltage to all the lens units 100, the focal length of the lens units 100 is adjusted to make the imaging device work in a light field camera mode (i.e. a four-dimensional imaging mode), and a light field image is obtained. In this mode, all the lens units 100 in the lens array 2 are pressed to form the lens 200, and the lens 200 forms the image plane of the main lens 1 for the object plane conjugate to the sensing unit 41 (as shown in fig. 5) on the sensor 4 of the imaging device, so that the imaging requirement of the focusing light field camera is satisfied, and a light field image is obtained on the image plane. By reprocessing the light field image data, an image with effects such as digital refocusing, extended depth of field, and the like can be obtained. Meanwhile, since there are spaces between the lenses 200 in the lens array 2, the imaging quality of these spaced areas will not be guaranteed, and these spaces may cause grid-like noise on the image plane image. However, since these intervals are regularly distributed and the structure of the lens array 2 is determined when the lens unit 100 is pressed to become the lens 200, the intervals can be determined and the grid-like noise introduced on the image plane by the intervals is also determined, so that the distributed pixels corresponding to these intervals can be removed by image processing to remove the grid-like noise.
When the control unit 3 provides voltage to a part of the lens units 100, the focal length of the lens units 100 is adjusted to make the imaging device work in a combined mode of an ordinary camera and a light field camera, namely, a local light field camera mode and a local ordinary camera mode, the part of the lens units 100 are pressed to form the lens 200, the lens 200 forms an image plane of the main lens 1 aiming at an object plane on the sensing unit 41 on the sensor 4 of the imaging device in a conjugate mode, the imaging requirement of the focusing light field camera is met, a light field image is obtained on an image plane, the rest of the lens units 100 are equivalent to transparent plates due to no pressing, and the object plane is imaged on the sensing unit 41 on the sensor 4 after passing through the main lens 1 and the transparent plates to obtain an ordinary two-dimensional image (as shown in fig. 6).
In this embodiment, the imaging device is a camera. In other embodiments, the imaging device may be other types of electronic devices.
Fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of an imaging method according to the present invention, the imaging method includes the following steps:
in step S1, the main lens 1 receives external light and transmits the light to the lens array 2.
In step S2, the lens array 2 processes the external light and transmits the processed light to the sensor 4.
In step S3, the sensor 4 acquires the processed light, converts the optical image contained therein into an electrical signal, and delivers the electrical signal to the control unit 3.
In step S4, the control unit 3 analyzes the electrical signal to obtain an image, and sends a control instruction to the lens array 2 according to the focusing requirement of the image, so as to change the curvature of the lens unit 100 in the lens array 2, thereby completing the focusing processing of the subsequent image.
The lens array 2 is the lens array in fig. 2 a.
The control unit 3 provides no voltage to all the lens units 100, and the imaging device starts a normal camera mode;
the control unit 3 provides voltage for all the lens units 100, and adjusts the focal length of the lens units 100 to enable the imaging device to start a light field camera mode; and
the control unit 3 provides a voltage to a part of the lens unit 100, and adjusts the focal length of the lens unit 100 to enable the imaging device to start a combined mode of the ordinary camera and the light field camera, i.e., a local light field camera mode and a local ordinary camera mode.
The imaging device can automatically adjust which positions need to start a common camera mode to acquire textures and which positions need to start a light field camera mode to detect depth according to scene content, and depth information of a local point of a certain point under high resolution of an image is obtained.
The imaging device can automatically adjust according to scene content, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1. for still pictures, the automatic selection mode of the imaging device operating mode:
carrying out texture detection according to an image imaged by a main lens to automatically select a working mode of an imaging device: in the same picture, the imaging device carries out texture detection on all images in the picture, and when the detected images mainly represent texture information of the surface of the image, such as color, shape, position structure and the like, the imaging device starts the common camera mode on the corresponding image position; when the detected image mainly represents the image surface texture information which is not the image surface texture information, the imaging device starts the light field camera mode for the corresponding image position.
Secondly, edge detection is carried out according to the image imaged by the main lens so as to automatically select the working mode of the imaging device: in the same picture, the imaging device carries out edge detection on all images in the picture, and when the detected image edge and the image mainly represent depth distance information, such as distance, coverage relation and the like, the imaging device starts a light field camera mode on the corresponding image position; and when the detected image edge and the image mainly represent the image depth distance information, the imaging device starts the common camera mode for the corresponding image position.
The two image detection modes can be simultaneously carried out in the same picture, the working mode of the imaging device is automatically selected according to different information expressed by different pictures, and when the detected image is mainly expressed as image surface texture information, the imaging device starts the common camera mode for the corresponding image position; and when the detected image edge and the image mainly represent depth distance information, the imaging device starts the light field camera mode for the corresponding image position, and the combined mode of the common camera and the light field camera of the same imaging device is realized.
2. For dynamic pictures, the automatic selection mode of the working mode of the imaging device is as follows:
the first frame of the dynamic picture is detected according to the static picture image detection mode, and the imaging device further automatically selects the working mode corresponding to the image position: when the detected image is mainly represented as image surface texture information, the imaging device starts the common camera mode for the corresponding image position; and when the detected image edge and the image mainly represent the depth distance information, the imaging device starts the light field camera mode for the corresponding image position.
The second frame of dynamic image refers to the first frame of image scene to selectively detect and switch the working mode: the second frame image and the first frame image have no change part, the imaging device does not carry out image detection (the specific detection mode refers to the automatic selection mode of the working mode of the static image imaging device), and the working mode selected after the automatic detection of the first frame image is repeated; and the image scene change part of the second frame image and the first frame image, the imaging device carries out image detection again and selects a corresponding working mode. The third frame refers to the second frame, the fourth frame refers to the third frame, and the image detection and the automatic selection of the working mode of the imaging device are performed by analogy.
According to the invention, the first electrode and the second electrode which are mutually vertical in strip shape are arranged in the lens array, the accommodating groove for exposing the first electrode is included, and the first electrode and the second electrode are provided with voltage, so that the lens is formed at the position where the first electrode and the second electrode are opposite to the accommodating groove, and the free switching between a common camera mode and a light field camera mode is realized; obtaining the light field camera mode of a local point, and obtaining the common camera mode of the other points; and automatically adjusting which positions need to be started to acquire the surface texture of the image by using a common camera mode and which positions need to be started to detect the depth distance of the image by using a light field camera mode according to the scene content to obtain the depth distance information of a local point of a certain point under the high resolution of the image, so that the problem of low resolution of the image is solved.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An imaging apparatus, wherein the imaging apparatus comprises:
A main lens for transmitting imaging light;
the lens array is positioned on the focal plane of the main lens and at least comprises a lens unit, and the lens unit is a liquid crystal zoom lens or an electrowetting double-liquid zoom lens;
a sensor located on a focal plane of the lens array;
a control unit for controlling a focal length of the lens unit;
for a static picture, detecting all images in the same picture imaged by the main lens, and starting a common camera mode when the detected images represent image surface texture information or starting a light field camera mode when the detected images represent image depth distance information; for a dynamic picture, selecting a corresponding working mode according to whether a part of a subsequent picture is changed with reference to an image scene of a previous picture is detected, so as to automatically adjust the common camera mode to acquire image surface textures according to scene content or start the light field camera mode to detect the image depth distance, and obtain the depth distance of the image at a local point;
the image surface texture information at least comprises color, shape and position structure, and the image depth distance information at least comprises distance and coverage relation.
2. The imaging device of claim 1, wherein the lens array comprises:
a substrate;
a first electrode disposed on the substrate;
the hydrophobic insulating layer is arranged on the first electrode, and a plurality of accommodating grooves are formed in the hydrophobic insulating layer so as to expose the first electrode;
the accommodating groove is used for accommodating a light-transmitting medium;
elastic films are arranged on the light-transmitting medium and the hydrophobic insulating layer; and
a second electrode is arranged on the elastic film;
by applying a voltage to the first electrode and the second electrode, a lens is formed where the first electrode is opposed to the second electrode.
3. The imaging device of claim 2, wherein the light-transmissive medium is a transparent insulating liquid.
4. The imaging device according to claim 2, wherein the receiving grooves provided on the hydrophobic insulating layer are strip-shaped receiving grooves penetrating the hydrophobic insulating layer,
the first electrode is composed of a plurality of first electrode strips and is arranged corresponding to the accommodating groove, the second electrode is composed of a plurality of second electrode strips,
the projection of the first electrode strip on the plane where the second electrode is located is intersected with the second electrode strip.
5. The image forming apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the plurality of strip-shaped receiving grooves are parallel to each other, the plurality of first electrode strips are parallel to each other, and the plurality of second electrode strips are parallel to each other.
6. The imaging device of claim 4, wherein a projection of the first electrode strip onto a plane in which the second electrode lies perpendicularly intersects the second electrode strip.
7. An imaging method, wherein the method comprises:
the main lens receives external light and transmits the light to the lens array;
the lens array processes the external light and transmits the processed light to the sensor;
the sensor acquires the processed light, converts an optical image contained in the processed light into an electric signal and delivers the electric signal to the control unit;
the control unit analyzes the electric signal to obtain an image, sends a control instruction to the lens array by aiming at the focusing requirement of the image, changes the curvature of the lens unit in the lens array and completes the focusing treatment of the subsequent image;
for a static picture, detecting all images in the same picture after the main lens is detected to be imaged, and starting a common camera mode when the detected images represent image surface texture information or starting a light field camera mode when the detected images represent image depth distance information; for a dynamic picture, selecting a corresponding working mode according to whether a part of a subsequent picture is changed with reference to an image scene of a previous picture is detected, so as to automatically adjust the common camera mode to acquire image surface textures according to scene content or start the light field camera mode to detect the image depth distance, and obtain the depth distance of the image at a local point;
The image surface texture information at least comprises color, shape and position structure, and the image depth distance information at least comprises distance and coverage relation.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2018/087380 WO2019218323A1 (en) | 2018-05-17 | 2018-05-17 | Lens array, imaging device, and imaging method |
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| CN111699668A CN111699668A (en) | 2020-09-22 |
| CN111699668B true CN111699668B (en) | 2022-07-12 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101776795B (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2011-11-09 | 上海理工大学 | Liquid lens array capable of discretely zooming and method for manufacturing same |
| KR20130112541A (en) * | 2012-04-04 | 2013-10-14 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Plenoptic camera apparatus |
| CN102739945B (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2014-09-03 | 上海理工大学 | Optical field imaging device and method |
| CN104580877B (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2018-03-06 | 华为技术有限公司 | The device and method that image obtains |
| CN104539832B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2017-06-23 | 上海理工大学 | Hybrid optical field imaging system |
| CN105093472B (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2017-11-28 | 华为技术有限公司 | Imaging device and imaging method |
| CN107347129B (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2020-02-14 | 中强光电股份有限公司 | Light field camera |
| CN206807601U (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-12-26 | 深圳奥比中光科技有限公司 | Compact-sized light-field camera |
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| CN111699668A (en) | 2020-09-22 |
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