CN111693831A - Vibration detection method for loosening basin-type insulator of combined electrical appliance - Google Patents
Vibration detection method for loosening basin-type insulator of combined electrical appliance Download PDFInfo
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- CN111693831A CN111693831A CN202010517746.5A CN202010517746A CN111693831A CN 111693831 A CN111693831 A CN 111693831A CN 202010517746 A CN202010517746 A CN 202010517746A CN 111693831 A CN111693831 A CN 111693831A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1245—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of line insulators or spacers, e.g. ceramic overhead line cap insulators; of insulators in HV bushings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
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Abstract
The invention relates to a vibration detection method for loosening a basin-type insulator of a combined electrical appliance, which is technically characterized by comprising the following steps of: according to the invention, the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the acceleration vibration sensor and the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the force hammer are calculated, the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the acceleration vibration sensor and the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the force hammer are divided to obtain the frequency response curve of the basin-type insulator, and the frequency response curves of the basin-type insulator to be tested and the reference basin-type insulator are compared, so that whether the basin-type insulator to be tested has a loosening fault or not can be accurately judged. The device used by the invention is small, is convenient to carry and detect, is not electrically connected with the tested device, and has no influence on the running state of the device. According to the method, the vibration testing technology is added into the electrical equipment fault diagnosis method, so that the fault hidden danger can be found earlier than a fault diagnosis method for electrical detection electrical equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fault diagnosis of power transmission and transformation equipment, and particularly relates to a combined electrical appliance basin-type insulator loosening vibration detection method.
Background
The gas insulated combined electrical apparatus is a complete set of electrical apparatus formed by combining various high-voltage electrical apparatus installation main wiring and system functions. The cylinder filled with high-voltage SF6 insulating gas encapsulates common equipment of a transformer substation, such as a bus, a voltage transformer, a current transformer, a lightning arrester, a disconnecting switch, a circuit breaker and the like, so that the transformer substation has the characteristics of strong systematicness, high integration level, small floor area, good reliability and the like, and is widely applied to power systems with various voltage levels of 66-1000 kV.
Although the reliability of the combined electrical apparatus is strong, various faults are developed along with the increasing of the using amount, wherein a very common fault which is more harmful is a basin-type insulator loosening fault, the fault is very hidden and is not easy to be found when the fault is just started, but the fault can cause serious consequences, firstly, the leakage of SF6 insulating gas can be caused, the gas is toxic and harmful to human bodies, and once the leakage is caused, the health of workers can be damaged. In addition, the failure can accelerate the damage of the equipment to cause failures such as discharge, short circuit, open circuit and the like, so that early detection and early treatment are necessary. The vibration signal is a characteristic signal which can be sent out in the early stage of the fault, and if a basin-type insulator sends out vibration or noise exceeding the past, the basin-type insulator needs to be tested.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a combined electrical apparatus basin-type insulator loosening vibration detection method, and can accurately detect whether the combined electrical apparatus basin-type insulator has a loosening fault.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method for detecting loosening vibration of a basin-type insulator of a combined electrical appliance comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting a detection position on a tested basin-type insulator, and installing an acceleration vibration sensor at the detection position of the tested basin-type insulator;
step 4, respectively calculating the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the acceleration vibration sensor and the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the force hammer by using fast Fourier transform, and dividing the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the acceleration vibration sensor and the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the force hammer to obtain a frequency response curve of the tested basin-type insulator;
step 5, extracting the peak value of the frequency response curve of the tested basin-type insulator, and storing the peak value as the natural frequency of the tested basin-type insulator;
step 6, selecting a reference basin-type insulator;
step 7, selecting a detection position on the reference basin-type insulator, wherein the detection position is the same as that of the basin-type insulator in the step 1, and installing an acceleration vibration sensor at the detection position of the reference basin-type insulator;
8, knocking the force hammer near the acceleration vibration sensor, wherein the knocking direction is consistent with the direction of the acceleration vibration sensor;
step 9, measuring vibration signals of the acceleration vibration sensor and the force hammer during knocking;
step 10, respectively calculating the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the acceleration vibration sensor and the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the force hammer by using fast Fourier transform, and dividing the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the acceleration vibration sensor and the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the force hammer to obtain a frequency response curve of the reference basin-type insulator;
step 11, extracting a peak value of a frequency response curve of the reference basin-type insulator and storing the peak value as the natural frequency of the reference basin-type insulator;
and 12, comparing the natural frequency of the reference basin-type insulator in the step 11 with the natural frequency of the tested basin-type insulator in the step 5, and judging whether a loosening fault exists.
And in the step 1, the nut position of the bolt on the basin-type insulator is selected as a detection position.
And the sensitivity of the vibration sensor used in the step 1 is less than or equal to 250mV/g, the sampling frequency is more than or equal to 20kHz, and the data sampling time is not less than 5 seconds.
And in the step 1, the acceleration vibration sensor is arranged at the detection position of the tested basin-type insulator in an adsorption or adhesion mode.
In step 6, the reference basin-type insulator is a basin-type insulator which has the same specification and model as those of the basin-type insulator to be tested, has good working state, does not have abnormal vibration and noise and has the same function.
Moreover, the principle of basin type insulator looseness vibration detection is as follows: in a linear or near linear vibration system, the system is excited in a controlled manner using a specific known excitation force, while the input vibration signal and the output vibration signal are measured, and a transfer function analysis is performed to obtain the natural frequency of the system,
wherein the relationship between the response and the excitation force is expressed using admittance:
D＝β/ω0
u＝ω/ω0
wherein Y is the natural frequency of the system, X is the vibration signal frequency spectrum measured on the surface of the system, F is the measured vibration signal frequency spectrum input by the impact force hammer, k is the rigidity, u is the frequency ratio, omega is the excitation frequency, omega is the vibration frequency0At the natural frequency, D is the damping coefficient, and β is the amplitude magnification factor.
In step 12, the method for determining whether there is a loosening fault includes: if the natural frequency of the tested basin-type insulator is reduced by more than 3% and the amplitude is increased by more than 10% compared with the natural frequency of the reference basin-type insulator, the loosening fault is judged to exist, otherwise, the working state is normal.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. according to the invention, the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the acceleration vibration sensor and the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the force hammer are calculated, the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the acceleration vibration sensor and the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the force hammer are divided to obtain the frequency response curve of the basin-type insulator, and the frequency response curves of the basin-type insulator to be tested and the reference basin-type insulator are compared, so that whether the basin-type insulator to be tested has a loosening fault or not is accurately judged. The invention has no electrical connection with the detected equipment and has no influence on the running state of the equipment.
2. According to the method, the vibration testing technology is added into the electrical equipment fault diagnosis method, so that the fault hidden danger can be found earlier than a fault diagnosis method for electrical detection electrical equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a combined electrical appliance basin insulator loosening vibration detection method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention in selecting a testing location and installing an acceleration vibration sensor on a tested basin insulator;
FIG. 3 is a frequency response curve of a reference basin insulator under test in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 4 is a frequency response curve of the tested basin insulator during testing according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A vibration detection method for loosening a basin-type insulator of a combined electrical apparatus is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting a nut of a bolt on a tested basin-type insulator as a detection position, and adsorbing or adhering an acceleration vibration sensor to the detection position of the tested basin-type insulator as shown in figure 2;
the sensitivity of the vibration sensor used in the step is less than or equal to 250mV/g, the sampling frequency is more than or equal to 20kHz, and the data sampling time is not less than 5 seconds.
step 4, calculating the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the acceleration vibration sensor and the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the force hammer by using fast Fourier transform, and dividing the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the acceleration vibration sensor and the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the force hammer to obtain a frequency response curve of the tested basin-type insulator;
step 5, extracting the peak value of the frequency response curve of the tested basin-type insulator, and storing the peak value as the natural frequency of the tested basin-type insulator;
step 6, selecting the basin-type insulator which is consistent with the specification and the model of the basin-type insulator to be tested in the same equipment, has good working state and no abnormal vibration and noise and has the same function as the reference basin-type insulator;
step 7, selecting a detection position on the reference basin-type insulator, wherein the detection position is the same as the detection position of the basin-type insulator in the step 1, and adsorbing or adhering the acceleration vibration sensor to the detection position of the reference basin-type insulator;
8, knocking the force hammer near the acceleration vibration sensor, wherein the knocking direction is consistent with the direction of the acceleration vibration sensor;
step 9, simultaneously measuring vibration signals of the acceleration vibration sensor and the force hammer;
step 10, calculating a vibration signal frequency spectrum of the acceleration vibration sensor and a vibration signal frequency spectrum of the force hammer by using fast Fourier transform, and dividing the vibration signal frequency spectrum of the acceleration vibration sensor and the vibration signal frequency spectrum of the force hammer to obtain a frequency response curve of the reference basin-type insulator;
step 11, extracting a peak value of a frequency response curve of the reference basin-type insulator and storing the peak value as the natural frequency of the reference basin-type insulator;
and 12, comparing the natural frequency of the reference basin-type insulator in the step 11 with the natural frequency of the tested basin-type insulator in the step 5, if the natural frequency of the tested basin-type insulator is reduced by more than 3% and the amplitude is increased by more than 10% compared with the natural frequency of the reference basin-type insulator, judging that the looseness exists, otherwise, judging that the working state is normal.
Wherein, the principle that basin formula insulator becomes flexible vibration detection does: in a linear or near linear vibration system, the system is excited in a controlled manner using a specific known excitation force, while the input vibration signal and the output vibration signal are measured, and a transfer function analysis is performed to obtain the natural frequency of the system,
wherein the relationship between the response and the excitation force is expressed using admittance:
D＝β/ω0
u＝ω/ω0
wherein Y is the natural frequency of the system, X is the vibration signal frequency spectrum measured on the surface of the system, F is the measured vibration signal frequency spectrum input by the impact force hammer, k is the rigidity, u is the frequency ratio, omega is the excitation frequency, omega is the vibration frequency0At the natural frequency, D is the damping coefficient, and β is the amplitude magnification factor.
According to the vibration detection method for loosening of the basin-type insulator of the combined electrical apparatus, for example, a basin-type insulator of a 224A interval bus sleeve of a certain substation combined electrical apparatus is taken as an example, the basin-type insulator is found to have the problems of vibration and excessive noise in the inspection process and is suspected to have the loosening problem, and then the vibration detection method is used for detecting the loosening of the basin-type insulator.
Meanwhile, according to the method, the basin-type insulator which has the same specification and model as those of the basin-type insulator of the 224A interval bus sleeve of a certain substation combined electrical appliance and has the same working state, no abnormal vibration and noise and the same function is selected from the standby devices as the reference basin-type insulator.
After the tested basin-type insulator and the reference basin-type insulator are respectively tested, a frequency response curve of the reference basin-type insulator shown in fig. 3 and a frequency response curve of the tested basin-type insulator shown in fig. 4 are obtained, wherein a first-order natural frequency, a second-order natural frequency, a third-order natural frequency, a fourth-order natural frequency and a fifth-order natural frequency are sequentially arranged from left to right, the lowest frequency is the first-order natural frequency, and the second-order natural frequency, the third-order natural frequency, the fourth-order natural frequency and the fifth-order natural frequency are sequentially increased.
From the first order natural frequency, the second order natural frequency, the third order natural frequency, the fourth order natural frequency and the fifth order natural frequency in fig. 3 and 4, the data calculated with reference to the basin insulator and the basin insulator under test are as follows:
TABLE 1
The natural frequency of the basin-type insulator to be tested is compared with the natural frequency of the basin-type insulator to be tested, the first-order natural frequency, the second-order natural frequency, the third-order natural frequency, the fourth-order natural frequency and the fifth-order natural frequency are all reduced by more than 3%, the amplitude of the vibration amplitude is larger than 10%, and the basin-type insulator is judged to have a loosening fault.
According to the testing process of the basin-type insulator of the 224A interval bus sleeve of the certain transformer substation combined electrical apparatus, whether the basin-type insulator has a loosening fault or not can be accurately detected by the method.
It should be emphasized that the embodiments described herein are illustrative rather than restrictive, and thus the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described in the detailed description, but also includes other embodiments that can be derived from the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A vibration detection method for loosening of a basin-type insulator of a combined electrical apparatus is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, selecting a detection position on a tested basin-type insulator, and installing an acceleration vibration sensor at the detection position of the tested basin-type insulator;
step 2, knocking by the force hammer near the acceleration vibration sensor, wherein the knocking direction is consistent with the direction of the acceleration vibration sensor;
step 3, measuring vibration signals of the acceleration vibration sensor and the force hammer during knocking;
step 4, respectively calculating the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the acceleration vibration sensor and the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the force hammer by using fast Fourier transform, and dividing the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the acceleration vibration sensor and the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the force hammer to obtain a frequency response curve of the tested basin-type insulator;
step 5, extracting the peak value of the frequency response curve of the tested basin-type insulator, and storing the peak value as the natural frequency of the tested basin-type insulator;
step 6, selecting a reference basin-type insulator;
step 7, selecting a detection position on the reference basin-type insulator, wherein the detection position is the same as that of the basin-type insulator in the step 1, and installing an acceleration vibration sensor at the detection position of the reference basin-type insulator;
8, knocking the force hammer near the acceleration vibration sensor, wherein the knocking direction is consistent with the direction of the acceleration vibration sensor;
step 9, measuring vibration signals of the acceleration vibration sensor and the force hammer during knocking;
step 10, respectively calculating the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the acceleration vibration sensor and the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the force hammer by using fast Fourier transform, and dividing the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the acceleration vibration sensor and the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal of the force hammer to obtain a frequency response curve of the reference basin-type insulator;
step 11, extracting a peak value of a frequency response curve of the reference basin-type insulator and storing the peak value as the natural frequency of the reference basin-type insulator;
and 12, comparing the natural frequency of the reference basin-type insulator in the step 11 with the natural frequency of the tested basin-type insulator in the step 5, and judging whether a loosening fault exists.
2. The method for detecting loosening vibration of the basin-type insulator of the combined electrical appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the step 1, selecting a nut of the bolt on the basin-type insulator as a detection position.
3. The method for detecting loosening vibration of the basin-type insulator of the combined electrical appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sensitivity of the vibration sensor used in the step 1 is less than or equal to 250mV/g, the sampling frequency is more than or equal to 20kHz, and the data sampling time is not less than 5 seconds.
4. The method for detecting loosening vibration of the basin-type insulator of the combined electrical appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the step 1, the acceleration vibration sensor is arranged at the detection position of the tested basin-type insulator in an adsorption or adhesion mode.
5. The method for detecting loosening vibration of the basin-type insulator of the combined electrical appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 6, the reference basin-type insulator is a basin-type insulator which has the same specification and model with the basin-type insulator to be tested in the same equipment, has good working state and no abnormal vibration and noise and has the same function.
6. The method for detecting loosening vibration of the basin-type insulator of the combined electrical appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that: the principle of basin type insulator looseness vibration detection is as follows: in a linear or near linear vibration system, the system is excited in a controlled manner using a specific known excitation force, while the input vibration signal and the output vibration signal are measured, and a transfer function analysis is performed to obtain the natural frequency of the system,
wherein the relationship between the response and the excitation force is expressed using admittance:
D＝β/ω0
u＝ω/ω0
wherein Y is the natural frequency of the system, X is the vibration signal frequency spectrum measured on the surface of the system, F is the measured vibration signal frequency spectrum input by the impact force hammer, k is the rigidity, u is the frequency ratio, omega is the excitation frequency, omega is the vibration frequency0At the natural frequency, D is the damping coefficient, and β is the amplitude magnification factor.
7. The method for detecting loosening vibration of the basin-type insulator of the combined electrical appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for judging whether the loosening fault exists in the step 12 comprises the following steps: if the natural frequency of the tested basin-type insulator is reduced by more than 3% and the amplitude is increased by more than 10% compared with the natural frequency of the reference basin-type insulator, the loosening fault is judged to exist, otherwise, the working state is normal.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113030257A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-25 | 天地上海采掘装备科技有限公司 | Method for detecting looseness of long screw rod assembly of mining machine body and method for overhauling long screw rod assembly |
| CN114705282A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-07-05 | 浙江中新电力工程建设有限公司 | Modal-based lightning arrester fault detection method |
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| JPH03221878A (en) * | 1990-01-29 | 1991-09-30 | Fujitsu Ltd | Insulator for testing loose contact |
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| CN106092544A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-11-09 | 国网江苏省电力公司南京供电公司 | The disc insulator of a kind of GIS loosens monitoring method |
| JP2017044673A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-03-02 | 株式会社東芝 | Vibration measurement device |
| CN107024343A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-08-08 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of GIS disc insulators fixing bolt loosening test system |
| CN110456244A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-11-15 | 国网陕西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of basin-type insulator structure state measuring device with electricity and detection method |
-
2020
- 2020-06-09 CN CN202010517746.5A patent/CN111693831A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03221878A (en) * | 1990-01-29 | 1991-09-30 | Fujitsu Ltd | Insulator for testing loose contact |
| CN204556089U (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2015-08-12 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of GIS device vibration characteristics analoging detecting device |
| JP2017044673A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-03-02 | 株式会社東芝 | Vibration measurement device |
| CN106092544A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-11-09 | 国网江苏省电力公司南京供电公司 | The disc insulator of a kind of GIS loosens monitoring method |
| CN107024343A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-08-08 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of GIS disc insulators fixing bolt loosening test system |
| CN110456244A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-11-15 | 国网陕西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of basin-type insulator structure state measuring device with electricity and detection method |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113030257A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-25 | 天地上海采掘装备科技有限公司 | Method for detecting looseness of long screw rod assembly of mining machine body and method for overhauling long screw rod assembly |
| CN114705282A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-07-05 | 浙江中新电力工程建设有限公司 | Modal-based lightning arrester fault detection method |
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