CN111693185A - Crane wheel pressure testing device and method based on coercive force - Google Patents
Crane wheel pressure testing device and method based on coercive force Download PDFInfo
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- CN111693185A CN111693185A CN202010729487.2A CN202010729487A CN111693185A CN 111693185 A CN111693185 A CN 111693185A CN 202010729487 A CN202010729487 A CN 202010729487A CN 111693185 A CN111693185 A CN 111693185A
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- wheel pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/12—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in the magnetic properties of materials resulting from the application of stress
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/16—Applications of indicating, registering, or weighing devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a coercivity-based crane wheel pressure testing device and a coercivity-based crane wheel pressure testing method. The invention fully considers the influence of the surrounding environment, effectively isolates the electromagnetic interference of the surrounding environment, ensures the measurement precision and stability in the electromagnetic interference environment and is beneficial to knowing the quality and effect of actual assembly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pressure testing, in particular to a crane wheel pressure testing device and method based on coercive force.
Background
Hoisting machinery is an important material handling and industrial installation equipment in modern comprehensive logistics. The wheel pressure of the crane is an important parameter of the crane, an important measurement standard for checking the total weight of the crane and an important design basis for wharf and industrial factory building track foundations. However, in the prior art, the influence of the surrounding environment is not fully considered in the wheel pressure testing method, so that the accuracy of the measured data is not high, the quality and the effect of actual assembly cannot be known, and the problem of operation safety is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a crane wheel pressure testing device and a crane wheel pressure testing method based on coercive force, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the invention provides a coercivity-based crane wheel pressure testing device, which is characterized in that a probe provided with a shielding device is placed on the side surface of a track, an exciting coil and a detection coil are wound on the probe, the shielding device is used for isolating electromagnetic interference of the surrounding environment, the probe is connected with a primary signal processing unit and a secondary signal processing unit, the secondary signal processing unit is connected with a measuring and calculating unit, the measuring and calculating unit is used for calculating wheel pressure, the primary signal processing unit is used for receiving signals sent by the detection coil and preprocessing the signals, the secondary signal processing unit is used for correcting and storing the signals sent by the primary signal processing unit, the measuring and calculating unit is used for inputting the corrected signals, and a display device is used for displaying the result of the measuring and calculating unit.
Preferably, the shielding device comprises a first shielding layer, a second shielding layer and a third shielding layer, wherein the first shielding layer is used for shielding electromagnetic interference waves of 0-30HZ, the second shielding layer is used for shielding electromagnetic interference waves of 30-50HZ, and the third shielding layer is used for shielding electromagnetic interference waves of 50-300 HZ.
Preferably, the primary signal processing unit includes a filtering unit and an amplifying unit, one end of the filtering unit is in communication connection with the probe, and the other end of the filtering unit is connected with the amplifying unit, and is configured to filter and amplify a signal output by the probe.
Preferably, the secondary signal processing unit includes a correction unit and a memory, one end of the correction unit is connected to the amplification unit, and the other end of the correction unit is connected to the memory, and is configured to correct signal values of voltage signals of different phases in a signal cycle, compare the received signal value with a preset value, if the received signal value is equal to the preset value, the received signal value is unchanged, and if the received signal value is not equal to the preset value, the received signal value is corrected to the preset value.
Preferably, the probe is further connected to a frequency selection device for providing different hertz frequencies.
The invention also provides a crane wheel pressure testing method based on the coercive force, which comprises the following steps:
arranging a probe on the side surface of the track, wherein the probe is tightly attached to the surface of the track;
opening a shielding device, isolating interference of the surrounding environment to the wheel pressure test process, applying preset pressure to the crane, setting alternating currents with different stage frequencies to electrify an excitation coil of a probe, generating a magnetic field by the excitation coil, detecting the generated magnetic field by a detection coil, generating voltage, converting a magnetic signal into an electric signal by an analog-to-digital converter, and preprocessing the signal;
correcting and storing the preprocessed signals;
and inputting the corrected signal into a measuring and calculating unit, and finally displaying the result of the measuring and calculating unit on a display device.
Preferably, the correction determination method is: and correcting signal values of the voltage signals with different phases in a signal period, comparing the received signal values with a preset value, if the received signal values are equal to the preset value, the received signal values are unchanged, and if the received signal values are not equal to the preset value, the received signal values are corrected to the preset value.
Preferably, the measuring and calculating unit comprises an error compensation unit and a calculating unit, the error compensation unit realizes compensation of the wheel pressure to be measured according to the magnitude and direction of the voltage signal and the magnetizing current frequency, and the calculating unit is used for obtaining the relation between the preset wheel pressure and the measured electric signal to realize measurement of the wheel pressure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention fully considers the influence of the surrounding environment, designs the probe provided with the shielding device, effectively isolates the electromagnetic interference of the surrounding environment, then carries out multi-stage processing on the output signal, ensures the measurement precision and stability in the electromagnetic interference environment, is beneficial to knowing the quality and effect of actual assembly, and avoids the safety problem in operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a first stage signal processing unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the preset wheel pressure-measured electrical signal according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a crane wheel pressure testing device based on coercivity, which comprises:
the device comprises probes, a shielding device, a primary signal processing unit, a secondary signal processing unit, a measuring and calculating unit, a wheel pressure calculating unit, a primary signal processing unit, a secondary signal processing unit, a measuring and calculating unit, a display device and a power supply unit, wherein the probes are provided with the shielding device, the number of the probes is preferably 3, each probe is arranged at different measuring points, the probes are wound with an excitation coil and a detection coil, the shielding device is used for isolating electromagnetic interference of the surrounding environment and improving the measuring accuracy and stability, the probes are connected with the primary signal processing unit and the secondary signal processing unit, the secondary signal processing unit is connected with the measuring and calculating unit, the measuring and calculating unit is used for calculating the wheel pressure, the primary signal processing unit is used for receiving signals sent by the detection coils and preprocessing the signals, the secondary signal processing unit is used for.
According to a further optimization scheme, the shielding device comprises a first shielding layer, a second shielding layer and a third shielding layer, wherein the first shielding layer is used for shielding electromagnetic interference waves of 0-30HZ, the second shielding layer is used for shielding electromagnetic interference waves of 30-50HZ, and the third shielding layer is used for shielding electromagnetic interference waves of 50-300 HZ. The arrangement of the multiple shielding layers enables the electromagnetic interference of the surrounding environment to be difficult to penetrate into the probe, and meanwhile, the magnetic field leakage of the detection coil of the probe is reduced, and the measurement accuracy of the probe is guaranteed.
According to the further optimization scheme, the primary signal processing unit comprises a filtering unit and an amplifying unit, one end of the filtering unit is in communication connection with the probe, and the other end of the filtering unit is connected with the amplifying unit and used for filtering and amplifying signals output by the probe, so that invalid signals can be removed.
According to the further optimization scheme, the secondary signal processing unit comprises a correction unit and a memory, one end of the correction unit is connected with the amplification unit, the other end of the correction unit is connected with the memory and used for correcting signal values of voltage signals with different phases in a signal period, the received signal values are compared with preset values, if the received signal values are equal to the preset values, the received signal values are unchanged, and if the received signal values are not equal to the preset values, the received signal values are corrected to the preset values, so that errors are further reduced.
In a further optimized scheme, the probe is also connected with a frequency selection device for providing different Hertz frequencies.
A crane wheel pressure testing method based on coercive force comprises the following steps:
arranging a probe on the side surface of the track, wherein the probe is tightly attached to the surface of the track;
opening a shielding device, isolating interference of the surrounding environment on a wheel pressure test process, applying preset pressure on a crane, setting alternating currents with different stage frequencies to electrify an excitation coil of a probe, generating a magnetic field by the excitation coil, and detecting the change of a magnetic hysteresis loop after the ferromagnetic material is magnetized by a detection coil to reflect the change of the stress, namely the change of the magnetic hysteresis loop is measured;
the detection coil generates voltage when detecting the generated magnetic field, converts a magnetic signal into an electric signal through an analog-to-digital converter, and preprocesses the signal;
correcting and storing the preprocessed signals;
and inputting the corrected signal into a measuring and calculating unit, and finally displaying the result of the measuring and calculating unit on a display device.
Further optimizing the scheme, the correction judging method comprises the following steps: and correcting signal values of the voltage signals with different phases in a signal period, comparing the received signal values with a preset value, if the received signal values are equal to the preset value, the received signal values are unchanged, and if the received signal values are not equal to the preset value, the received signal values are corrected to the preset value.
According to the further optimization scheme, the measuring and calculating unit comprises an error compensation unit and a calculating unit, the error compensation unit realizes compensation of the wheel pressure to be measured according to the size, the direction and the magnetizing current frequency of the voltage signal, and the calculating unit is used for obtaining the relation between the preset wheel pressure and the number of the measured wire to realize measurement of the wheel pressure.
The technical scheme is further optimized, an alternating-current excitation mode is adopted, the stability and fewer faults can be realized in the detection process, the stable output of detection signals is facilitated, meanwhile, sine signals are selected as excitation sources, the detection coil detects the hysteresis loop in a sine signal mode, and the complete hysteresis loop can be measured;
in the further optimization scheme, the calculation unit acquires the relationship between the preset wheel pressure and the measured wire number, and a linear curve is adopted to describe the corresponding relationship;
and (3) carrying out test calibration on a curve between the preset wheel pressure and the measured electric signal of the whole test system.
Further optimizing the scheme, the calibration process is as follows: according to a given preset wheel pressure value, measuring the magnitude of a magnetic field signal generated by the wheel, measuring multiple groups of data, judging the linear relation of the data, and calibrating according to the linear relation; the given preset wheel pressure value is applied by a material testing machine or other force applying device, and the material testing machine is used to determine the specific value of the force value.
Further optimization schemes, specific formulas and graphs need to be determined according to specific calibration, and the examples are as follows:
a two-dimensional X-Y curve graph (X-signal value; Y-calibration value) is determined according to the given preset wheel pressure-measured electrical signals, the measured electrical signals X are measured according to the given preset wheel pressure Y, and are in one-to-one correspondence, a least square method is adopted to fit a curve, and a curve formula Y ═ m + nX (m, n are constants) is determined, as shown in fig. 3.
The marking process is selected according to the stress, and various conditions of high and low stress are met, and representative conditions of 0.1t, 0.5t, 1t, 2t, 5t, 10t and 20t are selected for verification.
The coercive force under respective stresses, G0.1, G0.5, G1, G2, G5, G10, was tested.
And drawing a two-dimensional curve according to the data, wherein the abscissa unit t takes the sizes of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 5 and 10 respectively.
And taking a point according to the unit G of the ordinate and the measured coercive force. And drawing correspondingly, and finally fitting the curves by using a least square method according to the linear relation of the curves.
As can be seen from fig. 3, the test signal and the calibration force have a certain linear curve relationship, so that the wheel pressure condition of the crane can be prepared to be measured through the test signal.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a hoist wheel pressure testing arrangement based on coercivity which characterized in that includes:
the device comprises a probe, a first-level signal processing unit, a second-level signal processing unit, a measuring and calculating unit, a display device and a wheel pressure measuring and calculating unit, wherein the probe is provided with a shielding device, the probe is wound with an excitation coil and a detection coil and used for isolating electromagnetic interference of the surrounding environment, the probe is connected with the first-level signal processing unit and the second-level signal processing unit, the second-level signal processing unit is connected with the measuring and calculating unit and used for calculating wheel pressure, the first-level signal processing unit is used for receiving signals sent by the detection coil and preprocessing the signals, the second-level signal processing unit is used for correcting and storing the signals sent by the first-level signal processing unit, the measuring and calculating unit is used for.
2. The coercivity-based crane wheel pressure test method according to claim 1, wherein the shielding device comprises a first shielding layer, a second shielding layer and a third shielding layer, the first shielding layer is used for shielding electromagnetic interference waves of 0 to 30Hz, the second shielding layer is used for shielding electromagnetic interference waves of 30 to 50Hz, and the third shielding layer is used for shielding electromagnetic interference waves of 50 to 300 Hz.
3. The coercivity-based crane wheel pressure testing device is characterized in that the primary signal processing unit comprises a filtering unit and an amplifying unit, one end of the filtering unit is in communication connection with the probe, and the other end of the filtering unit is connected with the amplifying unit and is used for filtering and amplifying signals output by the probe.
4. The coercivity-based crane wheel pressure testing device according to claim 1, wherein the secondary signal processing unit comprises a correction unit and a memory, one end of the correction unit is connected to the amplification unit, and the other end of the correction unit is connected to the memory and is configured to correct signal values of voltage signals of different phases in a signal cycle, compare the received signal value with a preset value, and if the received signal value is equal to the preset value, the received signal value is unchanged, and if the received signal value is not equal to the preset value, the received signal value is corrected to the preset value.
5. The coercivity-based crane wheel pressure test device according to claim 1, wherein a frequency selection device is further connected to the probe for providing different Hertz frequencies.
6. A crane wheel pressure testing method based on coercive force is characterized by comprising the following steps:
arranging a probe on the side surface of the track, wherein the probe is tightly attached to the surface of the track;
opening a shielding device, isolating interference of the surrounding environment to the wheel pressure test process, applying preset pressure to the crane, setting alternating currents with different stage frequencies to electrify an excitation coil of a probe, generating a magnetic field by the excitation coil, detecting the generated magnetic field by a detection coil, generating voltage, converting a magnetic signal into an electric signal by an analog-to-digital converter, and preprocessing the signal;
correcting and storing the preprocessed signals;
and inputting the corrected signal into a measuring and calculating unit, and finally displaying the result of the measuring and calculating unit on a display device.
7. The coercivity-based crane wheel pressure testing method according to claim 6, wherein the correction judging method is as follows: and correcting signal values of the voltage signals with different phases in a signal period, comparing the received signal values with a preset value, if the received signal values are equal to the preset value, the received signal values are unchanged, and if the received signal values are not equal to the preset value, the received signal values are corrected to the preset value.
8. The crane wheel pressure test method based on coercivity as claimed in claim 7, wherein the measuring and calculating unit comprises an error compensation unit and a calculating unit, the error compensation unit realizes compensation of wheel pressure to be measured according to the magnitude, direction and magnetizing current frequency of the voltage signal, and the calculating unit is used for obtaining the relation between preset wheel pressure and the measured electric signal to realize measurement of wheel pressure.
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| CN202010729487.2A CN111693185A (en) | 2020-07-27 | 2020-07-27 | Crane wheel pressure testing device and method based on coercive force |
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| CN202010729487.2A CN111693185A (en) | 2020-07-27 | 2020-07-27 | Crane wheel pressure testing device and method based on coercive force |
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| CN102519633A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-06-27 | 浙江大学 | Magneto-elastic and magneto-electric effect type stress monitoring device |
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| CN105181184A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-12-23 | 华中科技大学 | Magnetostriction-guide-wave-based measurement apparatus and method of short suspender cable force |
| CN106404233A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 广州特种机电设备检测研究院 | Coercive force-based crane wheel pressure testing method |
| CN106777737A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-31 | 江苏省特种设备安全监督检验研究院 | A kind of crane wheel compression testing device and method |
| CN207019820U (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2018-02-16 | 杭州自动化技术研究院传感技术有限公司 | Magnetic stress sensor and its shielding construction |
| EP3285055A1 (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2018-02-21 | General Electric Company | Non-contact magnetostrictive sensors and methods of operation of such sensors |
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2020
- 2020-07-27 CN CN202010729487.2A patent/CN111693185A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102667433A (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2012-09-12 | 佳能株式会社 | Magnetic force sensor |
| CN102519633A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-06-27 | 浙江大学 | Magneto-elastic and magneto-electric effect type stress monitoring device |
| CN104062355A (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2014-09-24 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Eddy current coil center calibrating device and calibrating method |
| CN105181184A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-12-23 | 华中科技大学 | Magnetostriction-guide-wave-based measurement apparatus and method of short suspender cable force |
| EP3285055A1 (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2018-02-21 | General Electric Company | Non-contact magnetostrictive sensors and methods of operation of such sensors |
| CN106404233A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 广州特种机电设备检测研究院 | Coercive force-based crane wheel pressure testing method |
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Application publication date: 20200922 |