CN111693156A - Ultrafast laser pulse width measuring device and control method thereof - Google Patents
Ultrafast laser pulse width measuring device and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J11/00—Measuring the characteristics of individual optical pulses or of optical pulse trains
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/02—Details
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- G01J1/0407—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. manifolds, windows, holograms, gratings
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- G01J1/02—Details
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- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
- G01J1/4257—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors applied to monitoring the characteristics of a beam, e.g. laser beam, headlamp beam
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrafast laser pulse width measuring device and a control method thereof, wherein the device comprises a beam splitting component, a first adjustable component, a rotating component and a second adjustable component, the first adjustable component comprises a time delay assembly and an adjuster, the time delay assembly is connected with the adjuster, the second adjustable component comprises a measuring assembly and a controller, and the measuring assembly is connected with the controller; the device has the advantages that the beam splitting component is adopted to split the light beam to be detected into the first light beam and the second light beam, the reliability of pulse width measurement is guaranteed, the accurate adjustment of the optical path of the first light beam can be quickly realized based on the first adjustable component, the detection of the light beam pulse in the polarization state at any angle and the measurement of the self-correlation signal of the light beam pulse are realized based on the rotating component and the second adjustable component, the pulse width of the light beam to be detected is accurately output, the device is low in structure cost and simple and convenient to operate, the operation of professionals is not needed, and the detectable working efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser application, in particular to an ultrafast laser pulse width measuring device and a control method thereof.
Background
Laser light has been known as "fastest knife", "brightest light" and "best rule" with its excellent characteristics since the invention in the 20 th century; becomes another important invention of human beings after nuclear energy, computers and semiconductors since the 20 th century. The generation of laser light requires at least three factors: a working substance for realizing population inversion, an excitation source for exciting atoms and an optical resonant cavity for realizing optical amplification. With the development of laser technology, laser light is widely used in the fields of communications, industry, military affairs, medical treatment, etc. due to its characteristics of good monochromaticity, strong coherence, good directivity, and high energy concentration. The laser spot quality is a main reason for influencing laser application, and the laser pulse width is a key factor influencing the laser spot quality, especially ultra-short laser technologies such as femtosecond/attosecond. Therefore, the requirement of the industry on the quantitative control of the ultrashort laser is continuously increased, and especially the accurate measurement of the pulse width of the ultrashort laser is very important.
In recent years, the requirement for laser quantification in the industry is increasing, and especially, the accurate and rapid measurement of the ultra-short laser pulse width is important. The main principle of the ultrashort laser pulse autocorrelator is to divide a laser pulse into two laser beams and make the two laser beams generate time delay correlation, and then recover the time width of the laser pulse according to the time delay correlation among the laser pulses and convert the time width into space length for measurement.
There are two main common approaches to ultrashort laser pulses: (1) in the space light type scheme, a femtosecond laser adopts space light output, adopts a grating pair as a dispersion regulator, and realizes the control of femtosecond laser pulse by changing the spacing of the grating pair; (2) the optical fiber type scheme adopts optical fiber jumpers with different lengths to realize dispersion adjustment of laser pulses. However, the scheme (1) has high requirements on optical path adjustment, the grating pair spacing needs to be accurately adjusted, and the pulse width needs to be calibrated by a standard autocorrelator when the grating pair spacing is used, so that the operation is complicated; in addition, the grating use causes larger insertion loss to cause the quality of the laser spot to be reduced; although the scheme (2) is convenient to operate, the transmitted light pulse in the optical fiber is difficult to keep accurate horizontal or vertical linear polarization, so that double-pulse or complex chirp characteristics are easy to appear after the femtosecond laser passes through an optical fiber jumper, and the autocorrelation test result is unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an ultrafast laser pulse width measuring apparatus and a control method thereof.
The first technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides an ultrafast laser pulse width measuring device, includes beam splitting part, first adjustable part, rotary part and the adjustable part of second are placed in proper order, first adjustable part includes time delay subassembly and regulator, the time delay subassembly is connected with the regulator, the adjustable part of second includes measuring component and controller, measuring component is connected with the controller, beam splitting part is used for dividing the light beam that awaits measuring into first light beam and second light beam, first adjustable part is used for controlling the optical path of first light beam to produce the phase delay with the second light beam, rotary part is used for making first light beam and second light beam all produce a plurality of frequency doubling light, measuring component is used for detecting each the phase signal of frequency doubling light is in order to carry out the pulse width measurement.
Optionally, the beam splitting part includes first beam splitter, first speculum, second mirror and second beam splitter, first beam splitter with first speculum is arranged in first adjustable part income light side, second beam splitter and second mirror are arranged in first adjustable part light-emitting side, first beam splitter is used for making the measuring beam divide into first light beam and second light beam, first speculum is used for making first light beam propagate to first adjustable part, the second mirror is used for making the second light beam propagate to the second beam splitter, the second beam splitter is used for making first light beam and second light beam all along first direction and second direction propagation.
Optionally, the delay assembly is provided with a delayer and a first adjustable base, the delayer is arranged on the first adjustable base, the first adjustable base is connected with the adjuster, and the adjuster is used for controlling the displacement of the first adjustable base so as to control the delay amount of the delayer.
Optionally, the measuring assembly includes a diaphragm, a filter and a photodetector, and the diaphragm, the filter and the photodetector are sequentially disposed.
Optionally, the measurement assembly further includes a second adjustable base, and the diaphragm, the filter, and the photodetector are all disposed on the second adjustable base.
Optionally, the filter is a variable filter, and the second adjustable base is an arc base or a fan-shaped base.
Optionally, the rotating component includes a nonlinear frequency doubling crystal and a rotating support, and the nonlinear frequency doubling crystal is disposed on the rotating support.
Optionally, the optical path calibration component is further included, and is configured to calibrate the first light beam and the second light beam propagating along the second direction.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises a lens disposed between the first adjustable component and the rotating component, the lens being configured to focus the first light beam and the second light beam both propagating in the first direction.
The second technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a control method of an ultrafast laser pulse width measuring device is used for the ultrafast laser pulse width measuring device, the laser pulse width measuring device comprises a beam splitting component, a first adjustable component, a rotating component and a second adjustable component, the first adjustable component, the rotating component and the second adjustable component are sequentially arranged, the first adjustable component comprises a time delay assembly and an adjuster, and the time delay assembly is connected with the adjuster;
the control method comprises the following steps:
the beam splitting component divides the light beam to be detected into a first light beam and a second light beam and transmits the first light beam to the first adjustable component;
the positions of the time delay component and the adjuster are adjusted through the first adjustable component so as to control the phase delay generated by the first light beam and the second light beam;
the delayed first light beam and the second light beam are subjected to frequency doubling at the rotating component to generate a plurality of frequency doubled lights;
the measuring unit receives and detects a phase signal of each of the frequency-doubled lights, and outputs a pulse width according to the phase signal.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device has the advantages that the beam splitting component is adopted to split the light beam to be detected into the first light beam and the second light beam, the accurate adjustment of the optical path of the first light beam can be quickly realized based on the first adjustable component, so that the first light beam and the second light beam can accurately generate fragrance demonstration, the detection of the light beam pulse in the polarization state at any angle and the measurement of the self-correlation signal of the light beam pulse can be realized based on the rotating component and the second adjustable component, the pulse width of the light beam to be detected can be accurately output, the structure cost of the device is low, the operation is simple and convenient, the operation of professionals is not needed, and the detectable working efficiency is.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an ultrafast laser pulse width measuring apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of an ultrafast laser pulse width measurement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a delay device included in an ultrafast laser pulse width measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic optical path diagram of another ultrafast laser pulse width measuring apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a control method for an ultrafast laser pulse width measurement apparatus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, an ultrafast pulse laser pulse measurement apparatus includes a beam splitting component, a first adjustable component, a rotating component, and a second adjustable component, where the first adjustable component, the rotating component, and the second adjustable component are sequentially disposed, the first adjustable component includes a delay component and an adjuster, the delay component is connected to the adjuster, the second adjustable component includes a measurement component and a controller, the measurement component is connected to the controller, the beam splitting component is configured to split a light beam to be measured into a first light beam and a second light beam, the first adjustable component is configured to control an optical path of the first light beam to generate a phase delay with the second light beam, the rotating component is configured to enable the first light beam and the second light beam to both generate multiple frequency-doubled lights, and the measurement component is configured to detect phase signals of the frequency-doubled lights to perform pulse width measurement.
Specifically, the beam splitting component splits a light beam to be measured into a first light beam and a second light beam with energy of 1:1, wherein the first light beam is transmitted into the first adjustable component by the beam splitting component, and the optical path of the first light beam is controlled in the first adjustable component through a time delay component controlled by a regulator, so that the first light beam and the second light beam can generate phase delay so as to be related to the time delay of a subsequent component; the delayed first light beam (namely the first light beam after the optical path is changed) and the second light beam are subjected to frequency doubling effect in the rotating component to generate a plurality of frequency doubling lights with different frequencies, the rotating component is stirred to enable the frequency doubling effect to be most obvious, namely the generated frequency doubling lights are brightest, the position state of the current rotating component is kept, the second adjustable component is adjusted to receive each frequency doubling light emitted by the rotating component, the corresponding phase signals of each frequency doubling light in the second adjustable component are detected by a measuring component controlled by a controller, and the system outputs the pulse width of the light beam to be detected based on a design algorithm according to autocorrelation signals of the frequency doubling lights corresponding to the first light beam and the second light beam fed back by the regulator, the controller and the measuring component. The laser pulse measuring device provided by the invention has the advantages that the beam splitting component is adopted to split the light beam to be measured into the first light beam and the second light beam, the reliability of pulse width measurement is ensured, the accurate adjustment of the optical path of the first light beam can be quickly realized based on the first adjustable component, so that the first light beam and the second light beam can accurately generate phase delay, the detection of the light beam pulse in any angle polarization state and the measurement of the self-correlation signal thereof are realized based on the rotating component and the second adjustable component, the pulse width of the light beam to be measured is accurately output, the structure cost of the device is low, the operation is simple and convenient, the operation of a professional is not needed, and the detectable working efficiency is improved.
Optionally, the beam splitting part includes first beam splitter, first speculum, second mirror and second beam splitter, first beam splitter with first speculum is arranged in first adjustable part income light side, second beam splitter and second mirror are arranged in first adjustable part light-emitting side, first beam splitter is used for making the measuring beam divide into first light beam and second light beam, first speculum is used for making first light beam propagate to first adjustable part, the second mirror is used for making the second light beam propagate to the second beam splitter, the second beam splitter is used for making first light beam and second light beam all along first direction and second direction propagation.
In this embodiment, each of the beam splitters and each of the reflectors are common optical elements, wherein the beam splitters are coated with a plurality of thin films, and the light beam to be measured is divided into two light beams by reflection and refraction.
Optionally, the delay assembly is provided with a delayer and a first adjustable base, the delayer is arranged on the first adjustable base, the first adjustable base is connected with the adjuster, and the adjuster is used for controlling the displacement of the first adjustable base so as to control the delay amount of the delayer.
The delayer comprises but is not limited to a wedge prism and a reflector which form a delayer, or a plurality of reflectors which form a delayer, the delayer is arranged on a first adjustable base, the displacement of the first adjustable base is controlled by a regulator to realize the precise regulation of the optical path of a first light beam, so that the optical path of the first light beam and a second light beam accurately generate phase delay, the measurement cost is reduced, and the measurement working efficiency is improved, in the embodiment, the facet angle 401 of the wedge prism is designed to be less than 30 degrees as shown in fig. 3, so that the energy loss of the first light beam at the facet of the wedge prism is reduced; the time delay unit formed by the mirrors can be selected as 4 mirrors, and can also be selected as more than 4 mirrors or less than 4 mirrors, which is not limited herein.
Optionally, the measuring assembly includes a diaphragm, a filter and a photodetector, and the diaphragm, the filter and the photodetector are sequentially disposed.
Optionally, the measurement assembly further includes a second adjustable base, and the diaphragm, the filter, and the photodetector are all disposed on the second adjustable base.
The diaphragm is used for shielding the influence of stray light caused by refraction, reflection, scattering and the like of the preset first light beam and the preset second light beam on the frequency doubling light, the filter is used for attenuating the frequency doubling light emitted from the diaphragm, the photoelectric detector is used for detecting a light beam phase signal light autocorrelation signal incident into the photoelectric detector, and the measurement of the pulse width of the light beam to be measured in any angle polarization state can be realized by arranging measurement components such as the diaphragm, the filter and the photoelectric detector on the second adjustable base.
Optionally, the filter is a variable filter, and the second adjustable base is an arc base or a fan-shaped base.
In this embodiment, the variable filter attenuates the non-passing multiplied light by changing the attenuation wavelength thereof, so that the passing multiplied light passes through and is detected by the photodetector; the second adjustable platform is designed into a circular arc platform or a fan-shaped platform, so that the measuring components arranged on the second adjustable platform can detect the frequency doubling light emitted in different directions.
Optionally, the rotating component includes a nonlinear frequency doubling crystal and a rotating support, and the nonlinear frequency doubling crystal is disposed on the rotating support.
In this embodiment, the nonlinear frequency doubling crystal is a nonlinear optical crystal for frequency doubling effect, and has the characteristics of no central symmetry, high transparency to fundamental frequency waves and frequency doubling waves, large secondary nonlinear electrical polarization coefficient, phase matching capability, good optical uniformity, stable physical and chemical properties, relatively easy growth process, and capability of obtaining a sufficiently large crystal and achieving an available length in the direction of the phase matching formula.
Optionally, the optical path calibration component is further included, and is configured to calibrate the first light beam and the second light beam propagating along the second direction.
In this embodiment, the optical path calibration device is arranged to calibrate the first beam and the second beam, which are split by the second beam splitter in the beam splitting assembly and all follow the second direction, synchronously, so as to accurately measure the subsequent laser pulse width.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises a lens disposed between the first adjustable component and the rotating component, the lens being configured to focus the first light beam and the second light beam both propagating in the first direction.
As shown in fig. 5, the present invention further provides a control method of a laser pulse measuring apparatus, which is used for an ultrafast laser pulse width measuring apparatus, wherein the laser pulse width measuring apparatus includes a beam splitting component, a first adjustable component, a rotating component, and a second adjustable component, the first adjustable component, the rotating component, and the second adjustable component are sequentially disposed, the first adjustable component includes a delay assembly and an adjuster, and the delay assembly is connected to the adjuster;
the control method comprises the following steps:
s1, the beam splitting component splits the light beam to be measured into a first light beam and a second light beam, and transmits the first light beam to the first adjustable component;
s2, adjusting the positions of the time delay component and the adjuster through the first adjustable component to control the phase delay generated by the first light beam and the second light beam;
s3, the first light beam and the second light beam after time delay generate a plurality of frequency doubling lights at the rotating component;
and S4, the measuring component receives and detects the phase signal of each frequency doubling light and outputs pulse width according to the phase signal.
In the embodiment, the light beam to be detected is divided into a first light beam and a second light beam with the energy ratio of 1:1 by the beam splitting component, wherein the first light beam is transmitted into the first adjustable component by the beam splitting component, and the optical path of the first light beam is controlled in the first adjustable component through the time delay component controlled by the regulator, so that the first light beam and the second light beam can generate phase delay so as to be related to the delay of a subsequent component; the delayed first light beam (namely the first light beam after the optical path is changed) and the second light beam are subjected to frequency doubling effect in the rotating component to generate a plurality of frequency doubling lights with different frequencies, the rotating component is stirred to enable the frequency doubling effect to be most obvious, namely the generated frequency doubling lights are brightest, the position state of the current rotating component is kept, the second adjustable component is adjusted to receive each frequency doubling light emitted by the rotating component, the corresponding phase signals of each frequency doubling light in the second adjustable component are detected by a measuring component controlled by a controller, and the system outputs the pulse width of the light beam to be detected based on a design algorithm according to autocorrelation signals of the frequency doubling lights corresponding to the first light beam and the second light beam fed back by the regulator, the controller and the measuring component. The laser pulse measuring device provided by the invention has the advantages that the beam splitting component is adopted to split the light beam to be measured into the first light beam and the second light beam, the reliability of pulse width measurement is ensured, the accurate adjustment of the optical path of the first light beam can be quickly realized based on the first adjustable component, so that the first light beam and the second light beam can accurately generate phase delay, the detection of the light beam pulse in any angle polarization state and the measurement of the self-correlation signal thereof are realized based on the rotating component and the second adjustable component, the pulse width of the light beam to be measured is accurately output, the structure cost of the device is low, the operation is simple and convenient, the operation of a professional is not needed, and the detectable working efficiency is improved.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 2 to fig. 3, the optical path schematic diagram of the ultrafast laser pulse width measurement apparatus provided in this embodiment includes a beam splitting component, a first adjustable component 4, a lens 8, a rotating component, a second adjustable component 10, an optical path calibration component 6, and a processor 12, where the beam splitting component includes a beam splitter 1, a mirror 2, a mirror 3, and a beam splitter 7, the first adjustable component 4 includes a wedge prism 40 (a facet angle 401 is less than 30 °), a mirror 402, a first adjustable base, and an adjuster 5, the wedge prism 40 and the mirror 402 form a delay disposed on the first adjustable base, the first adjustable base is connected with the controller 5, the beam splitter 1 and the mirror 3 are disposed on an incident light side of the first adjustable component 4, and the beam splitter 7 and the mirror 2 are disposed on an emergent light side of the first adjustable component 4; the rotating part comprises a barium metaphosphate crystal 9(BBO crystal) and a rotating bracket 13, and the barium metaphosphate crystal 9 is arranged on the rotating bracket 13, so that the barium metaphosphate crystal 9(BBO crystal) can be adjusted at any angle; the second adjustable component 10 comprises a diaphragm 101, a filter 102, a photoelectric detector 103 and a controller, and the processor 12 is respectively connected with the regulator 5, the photoelectric detector 103 and the controller to receive signals fed back by the regulator 5, the photoelectric detector 103 and the controller, and output the pulse width of the light beam to be measured based on a designed algorithm according to the fed back signals.
Specifically, when the central wavelength of the light beam to be measured is 1310nm, the pulse width is about 1fs, the energy is about 1mJ, and the aperture of the light beam is about 1mm × 1 mm; the light beam to be measured is divided into 1 part of energy by the beam splitter 1 of the beam splitting component: 1, reflected light 15 (first light beam) and transmitted light 16 (second light beam), the transmitted light 16 being reflected onto the beam splitter 7 via the mirror 2; the reflected light 15 is reflected by the reflecting mirror 3 into the delay member 4, the optical path of the reflected light 15 is changed by the wedge prism 4 even if the reflected light 15 is phase-delayed with respect to the transmitted light 16, and the transmitted light 15 emitted from the wedge prism 4 is reflected by the reflecting mirror 5 and enters the beam splitter 7 in the horizontal direction 18 (first direction).
The reflected light 15 (first light beam) and the transmitted light 16 (second light beam) are each divided into reflected light and transmitted light propagating in the horizontal direction 18 (first direction) and the vertical direction 17 (second direction) on the beam splitter 7, wherein the reflected light and the transmitted light propagating in the vertical direction are incident to the optical path calibration section 6 for optical path calibration so as to adjust the optical paths synchronously and in time; the reflected light and the transmitted light which are propagated along the horizontal direction are incident to a lens 8, focused by the lens 8 and then incident to a barium metaphosphate crystal 9 which is arranged on a rotating bracket 13 in a rotating component (wherein, the incident reflected light and the incident transmitted light can be incident along the direction vertical to the crystal axis through the crystal axis of the barium metaphosphate crystal 9 in the rotating component), so that the incident reflected light and the incident transmitted light generate a frequency doubling effect to generate a dispersion phenomenon; the frequency doubling light with different frequencies generated by the rotating part is filtered by the diaphragm 101 and attenuated by the filter 102, and then is detected by the photoelectric detector 103, wherein the regulator 5, the controller and the photoelectric detector 103 respectively feed back the detected autocorrelation signal of the light beam to be detected to the processor 12, and the processor 12 outputs the pulse width of the laser beam to be detected according to the received autocorrelation signal.
1) When the pulse of the light beam to be measured is in the vertical linear polarization direction, the rotating bracket 13 is shifted to enable the crystal axis of the barium metaphosphate crystal (BBO)9 to be in the vertical direction. The reflected light beam focused by the lens 8 and the transmitted light beam are incident on the barium metaphosphate crystal (BBO)9 along the horizontal direction 18 (the first direction) at an included angle of about 30 degrees, the generated frequency doubling light beam is output along the direction vertical to the surface of the barium metaphosphate crystal (BBO)9, the brightest light spot is positioned at the central position of the frequency doubling light beam by adjusting the time delay assembly, and the frequency doubling light recorded by the photoelectric detector 103 is the autocorrelation signal at the moment.
2) When the pulse of the light beam to be measured is in the horizontal line polarization direction, the rotating bracket 13 is shifted to enable the crystal axis of the barium metaphosphate crystal (BBO)9 to be in the vertical direction. The reflected light beam focused by the lens 8 and the transmitted light beam are incident on the barium metaphosphate crystal (BBO)9 along the horizontal direction 18 (the first direction) at an included angle of about 30 degrees, the generated frequency doubling light beam is output along the direction vertical to the surface of the barium metaphosphate crystal (BBO)9, the brightest light spot is positioned at the central position of the frequency doubling light beam by adjusting the time delay assembly, and the frequency doubling light recorded by the photoelectric detector 103 is the autocorrelation signal at the moment.
3) When the pulse of the light beam to be detected is in a linear polarization direction in any direction, the rotating support 13 is shifted to enable the crystal axis of the barium metaphosphate crystal (BBO)9 to be the strongest frequency doubling light beam output by the barium metaphosphate crystal (BBO)9, the crystal axis direction of the barium metaphosphate crystal (BBO)9 is kept unchanged, the time delay assembly is adjusted to enable the brightest light spot to be located at the central position of the frequency doubling light beam, and the frequency doubling light recorded by the photoelectric detector 103 is the autocorrelation signal at the moment.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4, the optical path schematic diagram of the ultrafast laser pulse width measurement apparatus provided in this embodiment includes a beam splitting component, a first adjustable component 4, an optical path calibration component 6, a lens 8, a rotating component, a second adjustable component 10, and a processor 12; the beam splitting component comprises a beam splitter 1, a reflector 2, a reflector 3 and a beam splitter 7, the first adjustable component 4 comprises a reflector 41, a reflector 42, a reflector 43, a reflector 44, an adjuster 5 and a first adjustable base, wherein the reflector 41, the reflector 42, the reflector 43 and the reflector 44 sequentially form a quadrangle to form a delayer, the reflector 42 and the reflector 43 are arranged on the first adjustable base, and the adjuster 5 is connected with the first adjustable base; the rotating part comprises a barium metaphosphate crystal 9(BBO crystal) and a rotating bracket 13, and the barium metaphosphate crystal 9 is arranged on the rotating bracket 13, so that the barium metaphosphate crystal 9(BBO crystal) can be adjusted at any angle; the second adjustable component 10 includes a diaphragm 101, a filter 102, a photodetector 103, an arc-shaped adjustable base 104 (second adjustable base), and a controller 11, where the diaphragm 101, the filter 102, and the photodetector 103 form a measurement component disposed on the arc-shaped adjustable base 104, and the controller 11 is connected to the arc-shaped adjustable base 104, so as to implement pulse measurement of the light beam to be measured in any polarization state by controlling the position of the measurement component on the arc-shaped adjustable base 104.
Specifically, when the central wavelength of the light beam to be measured is 1053nm, the pulse width is about 1fs, the energy is about 1mJ, and the aperture of the light beam is about 1mm multiplied by 1 mm; the light beam to be measured is divided into energy 1 by a beam splitter 1 of a beam splitting component; 1, reflected light 15 (first light beam) and transmitted light 16 (second light beam), the transmitted light 16 being reflected onto the beam splitter 7 via the mirror 2; the reflected light 15 is reflected by the mirror 3 into the first adjustable component 4, the optical path of the reflected light 15, i.e. the phase delay of the reflected light 15 with respect to the transmitted light 16, is changed by the mirror 41, the mirror 42, the mirror 43 and the mirror 44, and the optical path of the reflected light 15 in the first adjustable component 4 can be accurately controlled by the adjuster 5 by controlling the displacement of the first adjustable mount.
The reflected light 15 (first light beam) and the transmitted light 16 (second light beam) are each divided into reflected light and transmitted light propagating in the horizontal direction 18 (first direction) and the vertical direction 17 (second direction) on the beam splitter 7, wherein the reflected light and the transmitted light propagating in the vertical direction are incident to the optical path calibration section 6 for optical path calibration so as to adjust the optical paths synchronously and in time; the reflected light and the transmitted light which are propagated along the horizontal direction are incident to a lens 8, focused by the lens 8 and then incident to a barium metaphosphate crystal 9 which is arranged on a rotating bracket 13 in a rotating component (wherein, the incident reflected light and the incident transmitted light can be incident along the direction vertical to the crystal axis through the crystal axis of the barium metaphosphate crystal 9 in the rotating component), so that the incident reflected light and the incident transmitted light generate a frequency doubling effect to generate a dispersion phenomenon; the frequency doubling light with different frequencies generated by the rotating part is filtered by the diaphragm 101 and attenuated by the filter 102 and then detected by the detector 103, the controller 11 can realize the pulse width detection of the light beam to be detected in any polarization state by controlling the position of the circular arc-shaped adjustable base 104, the regulator 5, the controller 11 and the photoelectric detector 103 respectively feed back the detected autocorrelation signal of the light beam to be detected to the processor 12, and the processor 12 outputs the pulse width of the laser beam to be detected according to the received autocorrelation signal.
1) When the pulse of the light beam to be measured is in the vertical linear polarization direction, the rotating bracket 13 is shifted to enable the crystal axis of the barium metaphosphate crystal (BBO)9 to be in the vertical direction. The reflected light beam focused by the lens 8 and the transmitted light beam are incident on the barium metaphosphate crystal (BBO)9 along the horizontal direction 18 (the first direction) at an included angle of about 30 degrees, the generated frequency doubling light beam is output along the direction vertical to the surface of the barium metaphosphate crystal (BBO)9, the brightest light spot is positioned at the central position of the frequency doubling light beam by adjusting the time delay assembly, and the frequency doubling light recorded by the photoelectric detector 103 is the autocorrelation signal at the moment.
2) When the pulse of the light beam to be measured is in the horizontal line polarization direction, the rotating bracket 13 is shifted to enable the crystal axis of the barium metaphosphate crystal (BBO)9 to be in the vertical direction. The reflected light beam focused by the lens 8 and the transmitted light beam are incident on the barium metaphosphate crystal (BBO)9 along the horizontal direction 18 (the first direction) at an included angle of about 30 degrees, the generated frequency doubling light beam is output along the direction vertical to the surface of the barium metaphosphate crystal (BBO)9, the brightest light spot is positioned at the central position of the frequency doubling light beam by adjusting the time delay assembly, and the frequency doubling light recorded by the photoelectric detector 103 is the autocorrelation signal at the moment.
3) When the pulse of the light beam to be detected is in a linear polarization direction in any direction, the rotating support 13 is shifted to enable the crystal axis of the barium metaphosphate crystal (BBO)9 to be the strongest frequency doubling light beam output by the barium metaphosphate crystal (BBO)9, the crystal axis direction of the barium metaphosphate crystal (BBO)9 is kept unchanged, the time delay assembly is adjusted to enable the brightest light spot to be located at the central position of the frequency doubling light beam, and the frequency doubling light recorded by the photoelectric detector 103 is the autocorrelation signal at the moment.
The above-mentioned retarder formed by the wedge prism in embodiment 1 and the retarder formed by the plurality of mirrors in embodiment 2 may be replaced with each other, and the replaced laser pulse measuring device may still implement measurement of the ultrafast laser pulse width, which is not illustrated and limited herein, and the filter 102 in embodiments 1 and 2 may be further selected as a variable filter.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an ultrafast laser pulse width measuring device, its characterized in that includes beam splitting part, first adjustable part, rotary part and the adjustable part of second are placed in proper order, first adjustable part includes time delay subassembly and regulator, the time delay subassembly is connected with the regulator, the adjustable part of second includes measuring component and controller, measuring component is connected with the controller, beam splitting part is used for dividing the light beam that awaits measuring into first light beam and second light beam, first adjustable part is used for controlling the optical path of first light beam to produce phase delay with the second light beam, rotary part is used for making first light beam and second light beam all produce a plurality of frequency doubling light, measuring component is used for detecting each the phase signal of frequency doubling light, so as to carry out the pulse width measurement.
2. The ultrafast laser pulse width measuring device of claim 1, wherein the beam splitting component comprises a first beam splitter, a first reflector, a second reflector and a second beam splitter, the first beam splitter and the first reflector are disposed on the light incident side of the first adjustable component, the second beam splitter and the second reflector are disposed on the light emergent side of the first adjustable component, the first beam splitter is configured to split the light beam to be measured into a first light beam and a second light beam, the first reflector is configured to propagate the first light beam to the first adjustable component, the second reflector is configured to propagate the second light beam to the second beam splitter, and the second beam splitter is configured to propagate the first light beam and the second light beam in both the first direction and the second direction.
3. The ultrafast laser pulse width measuring device of claim 1, wherein the delay assembly has a delay unit and a first adjustable base, the delay unit is disposed on the first adjustable base, the first adjustable base is connected to the regulator, and the regulator is configured to control a displacement of the first adjustable base to control a delay amount of the delay unit.
4. The ultrafast laser pulse width measuring device of claim 1, wherein the measuring assembly comprises a diaphragm, a filter and a photodetector, and the diaphragm, the filter and the photodetector are sequentially disposed.
5. The ultrafast laser pulse width measuring device of claim 4, wherein the measuring assembly further comprises a second adjustable base, and the diaphragm, the filter and the photodetector are disposed on the second adjustable base.
6. The ultrafast laser pulse width measuring device of claim 5, wherein the filter is a variable filter, and the second adjustable base is a circular arc base or a fan-shaped base.
7. The ultrafast laser pulse width measuring apparatus of claim 1, wherein the rotating component comprises a non-linear frequency doubling crystal and a rotating support, the non-linear frequency doubling crystal being disposed on the rotating support.
8. The ultrafast laser pulse width measurement apparatus of claim 1, further comprising an optical path calibration unit for calibrating the first beam and the second beam propagating along the second direction.
9. The ultrafast laser pulse width measurement device of claim 1, further comprising a lens disposed between the first adjustable component and the rotating component, the lens configured to focus the first beam and the second beam both propagating in the first direction.
10. The control method is characterized by being used for the ultrafast laser pulse width measuring device, wherein the laser pulse width measuring device comprises a beam splitting component, a first adjustable component, a rotating component and a second adjustable component, the first adjustable component, the rotating component and the second adjustable component are sequentially arranged, the first adjustable component comprises a time delay assembly and an adjuster, and the time delay assembly is connected with the adjuster;
the control method comprises the following steps:
the beam splitting component divides the light beam to be detected into a first light beam and a second light beam and transmits the first light beam to the first adjustable component;
the positions of the time delay component and the adjuster are adjusted through the first adjustable component so as to control the phase delay generated by the first light beam and the second light beam;
the delayed first light beam and the second light beam are subjected to frequency doubling at the rotating component to generate a plurality of frequency doubled lights;
the measuring unit receives and detects a phase signal of each of the frequency-doubled lights, and outputs a pulse width according to the phase signal.
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Application publication date: 20200922 |