CN111692876B

CN111692876B - Vacuum calcining furnace

Info

Publication number: CN111692876B
Application number: CN202010426588.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 方宣华; 张金祥
Original assignee: GANZHOU NONFERROUS METALLURGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE; Ganzhou Nonferrous Metallurgical Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: GANZHOU NONFERROUS METALLURGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE; Ganzhou Nonferrous Metallurgical Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-19
Filing date: 2020-05-19
Publication date: 2022-01-11
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-19
Also published as: CN111692876A

Abstract

The invention discloses a vacuum calcining furnace, which relates to the technical field of calcining and comprises the following components: the cylinder comprises a first cylinder part and a third cylinder part arranged at one end of the first cylinder part; and the vacuum suction head is transversely arranged in the barrel and is used for vacuumizing the inside of the barrel, one end of the vacuum suction head is arranged in the third barrel, and one end of the vacuum suction head, which is positioned in the third barrel, is provided with an exhaust port for exhausting gas in the barrel. The invention has the advantages that the invention can reduce or even avoid the extraction of powdery raw materials in the calcining furnace, improve the service life of the vacuum extractor, reduce the loss of the raw materials and save the production cost; the rotation of rotating part can avoid likepowder raw materials to pile up and not participate in the reaction and lead to the raw materials loss, also avoids blockking up the condition in exhaust hole, can also drive gaseous flow for raw materials misce bene improves production efficiency.

Description

Vacuum calcining furnace

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vacuum furnaces, in particular to a vacuum calcining furnace.

Background

At present, a calciner is often adopted in the nonferrous metallurgy industry to smelt nonferrous metal raw materials under a vacuum condition, so a vacuumizing device is needed to be used for extracting gas in the calciner, and a vacuum state is formed in the calciner; but also increases the loss of non-ferrous metal raw materials, resulting in an increase in production costs. And if the non-ferrous metal raw materials are directly discharged to the outside along with air, the environment is polluted to a certain extent.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solve at least one of the problems of the prior art, and to provide a vacuum calciner capable of avoiding or reducing the extraction of raw materials.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows:

a vacuum calciner comprising:

the cylinder comprises a first cylinder part and a third cylinder part arranged at one end of the first cylinder part;

and the vacuum suction head is transversely arranged in the barrel and is used for vacuumizing the inside of the barrel, one end of the vacuum suction head is arranged in the third barrel, and one end of the vacuum suction head, which is positioned in the third barrel, is provided with an exhaust port for exhausting gas in the barrel.

As a preferable technical scheme, one end of the cylinder body close to the third cylinder body part is provided with a feeding and discharging port for raw materials to enter, the cylinder body can incline and rotate, and the raw materials in the third cylinder body part can enter and stay in the first cylinder body part along with the inclination and rotation of the cylinder body.

Preferably, the exhaust port is provided at an end of the vacuum suction head located in the third cylinder, and an inner diameter of the first cylinder is larger than an inner diameter of the third cylinder.

As a preferred technical solution, the method further comprises:

the rotating part, it sets up in the barrel, still have on vacuum suction head's the lateral wall be used for with gas outgoing's exhaust hole in the barrel, the rotating part set up in vacuum suction head's the outside and with vacuum suction head forms and is used for with gas suction's the second cavity in the barrel, the second cavity with exhaust hole intercommunication, the rotating part can shelter from the exhaust hole.

Preferably, the number of the rotating parts is several, and the rotating parts are arranged at intervals outside the vacuum suction head.

Preferably, the vacuum cleaner head is rotatable in synchronization with the rotation unit.

As a preferred technical scheme, an air inlet is further formed in the second cavity, and the positions of the air inlet and the exhaust hole are staggered.

Preferably, the air inlet is formed between the rotating portion and the vacuum cleaner head.

According to a preferable technical scheme, the axes of the vacuum suction head and the rotating part are overlapped, and the inner diameter ratio of the vacuum suction head to the rotating part is 0.6-0.8: 1, so that the size of the second cavity is limited, gas enters the second cavity as much as possible, and dust enters the second cavity as little as possible.

As a preferred technical scheme, the vacuum suction head and the rotating part are both cylindrical, the rotating part is sleeved on the outer wall of the vacuum suction head, and the rotating part is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the vacuum suction head through a first connecting piece arranged on the inner wall of the rotating part; the vacuum suction head is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the cylinder body through a second connecting piece arranged on the outer wall of the vacuum suction head.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the vacuum calciner can effectively reduce or even prevent the powdery raw materials in the calciner from being pumped away, firstly, the gas and the powdery raw materials of the calciner can only enter the rotating part from the gas inlet of the vacuumizing device, so that most of the powdery raw materials can be blocked by the side wall of the rotating part to enter the rotating part; then, the powdery raw material can enter and be filtered through the exhaust holes on the side wall of the vacuum suction head of the vacuum-pumping device, so that the gas can enter the vacuum suction head and be pumped away, and the powdery raw material is intercepted by the exhaust holes on the side wall of the vacuum suction head and cannot enter the vacuum suction head, so that the powdery raw material is prevented or reduced from being pumped away by an air-pumping device of the vacuum-pumping device, and therefore, the service life of the air-pumping device can be prolonged by improving the structure of the vacuum-pumping device in the calcining furnace; but also can reduce the loss of the powdery raw materials in the calcining furnace and save the production cost.

2. The barrel, the vacuum sucker and the rotating part can rotate, and the raw materials in the barrel can be driven to flow by the rotation of the barrel, so that the raw materials can be fully contacted and uniformly heated, and the reaction efficiency is improved. The vacuum suction head and the rotating part can be rotated to prevent powdery raw materials from being accumulated on the side walls of the vacuum suction head and the rotating part, so that the raw materials are prevented from being accumulated together and not participating in reaction to cause raw material loss, and the condition that the powdery raw materials are accumulated on the side wall of the vacuum suction head to block an exhaust hole is also avoided; on the other hand, the rotation through vacuum suction head and rotating part advances and to drive the flow of the interior gas of calciner to drive the raw materials in the calciner to flow, make the raw materials intensive mixing even, improve production efficiency.

3. The end part of the vacuum suction head is also provided with an exhaust port positioned in the third cylinder body part, and the exhaust port can improve the vacuum pumping efficiency of the vacuum suction head on one hand, so that the gas in the cylinder body can be pumped away as soon as possible; on the other hand, the side wall and the end part of the vacuum suction head are both provided with the gas inlets, so that the gas in the cylinder can be uniformly pumped away, and the condition that the gas in the cylinder is not uniformly distributed due to the fact that the gas inlets are only arranged on the side wall of the vacuum suction head is avoided; meanwhile, the raw materials can be conveyed into the third cylinder part through the feeding device, the cylinder body is inclined while rotating, so that the raw materials in the third cylinder part can all enter the first cylinder part, the inner diameter of the first cylinder part is larger than that of the third cylinder part, the raw materials to be reacted during calcination are basically in the first cylinder part and rarely enter the third cylinder part, and therefore the raw materials in the cylinder body cannot be pumped away due to the arrangement of the exhaust port at the end part of the vacuum suction head.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side view of a preferred embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

the following are marked in the figure: 10. an air extraction device; 11. a vacuum suction head; 111. a first cavity; 112. an exhaust hole; 113. an exhaust port; 12. a rotating part; 121. a second cavity; 13. an air inlet; 14. a connecting portion; 15. a cooling device; 16. a first connecting member; 17. a second connecting member; 2. a barrel; 21. a first barrel portion; 22. a second barrel portion; 23. a third barrel portion; 24. feeding and discharging ports; 25. a discharge cover; 3. a feeding device; 4. a furnace kiln; 51. a chassis; 52. a jacking device; 53. a support device; 6. a drive device.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment provides a vacuum calciner, which includes a kiln 4, a cylinder 2 disposed in the kiln 4, a driving device 6, and a vacuum extractor for evacuating the cylinder 2.

In this embodiment, the kiln 4 is disposed on a base frame 51, and the base frame 51 is disposed on the ground or other floor, specifically, the base frame 51 is disposed on the ground or other floor through a retractable supporting device 53 and a jacking device 52. When the calciner is in operation, the kiln 4 is horizontal, i.e. the base frame 51 is supported by the support means 53; when feeding or discharging is required, the left end or the right end of the base frame 51 is lifted to incline by adjusting the lifting device 52. In this embodiment, the jacking device 52 includes a motor and a support frame, the support frame is driven by the motor to extend and retract, and the structures of the support device 53 and the jacking device 52 are well known to those skilled in the art, and are not described in detail in this embodiment.

Barrel 2 transversely sets up in kiln 4, the one end of barrel 2 is sealed, other end tip is provided with business turn over material mouth 24 and is used for sealed business turn over material mouth 24's sealed lid, in this embodiment, barrel 2 is including the first barrel portion 21 that connects gradually from inside to outside, second barrel portion 22 and third barrel portion 23, first barrel portion 21 and third barrel portion 23 are cylindrically, the internal diameter of first barrel portion 21 is greater than the internal diameter of third barrel portion 23, the internal diameter of second barrel portion 22 reduces from inside to outside gradually, business turn over material mouth 24 sets up the tip at third barrel portion 23. Still be provided with ejection of compact cover 25 on barrel 2, ejection of compact cover 25 slides and sets up at barrel 2 to can remove to business turn over material mouth 24 department, in order to block the material when the material ejection of compact in barrel 2 and fly away everywhere. In this embodiment, the calciner still includes the feeder 3 that sets up on chassis 51, feeder 3 can carry the raw materials to barrel 2 in through business turn over material mouth 24, in this embodiment, feeder 3 includes the shell, be provided with the feeding cover on the shell, feeding cover and the inside intercommunication of shell, be provided with screw conveyor in the shell, screw conveyor transversely sets up in the shell, screw conveyor's front end accessible manpower is pushed or is released business turn over material mouth 24, the rear end is connected with the motor, can carry the raw materials that gets into to vacuum suction head 11 in with following the feeding cover through motor drive screw conveyor. In this embodiment, the driving device 6 is disposed on the bottom frame 51, the driving device 6 includes a motor and a chain, the motor is connected to the barrel 2 through the chain, and the barrel 2 is driven by the motor to rotate by using the axis thereof as a rotation axis. In the embodiment, when feeding is needed, the sealing cover on the feeding and discharging port 24 is opened, the jacking device 52 at the right end is opened, the right end of the chassis 51 is driven to rise, so that the right end of the chassis 51 is high, the left end of the chassis 51 is low, namely the feeding device 3 is higher than the cylinder 2, and the cylinder 2 is also high at the right end and low at the left end, the front end of the feeding device 3 is pushed into the feeding and discharging port 24, a motor in the feeding device 3 is started, raw materials are fed into the cylinder 2 through the feeding and discharging port 24 through the spiral conveying device, meanwhile, the cylinder 2 is driven by the driving device 6 to rotate, because the right end of the cylinder 2 is high and low at the left end, the raw materials slide to the left under the action of gravity and are concentrated in the first cylinder 21, after feeding is completed, the feeding device 3 is pushed out of the feeding and discharging port 24, and sealing cover is tightly installed on the feeding and discharging port 24 to realize sealing. After the completion of the feeding, the jack-up device 52 is adjusted so that the bottom frame 51 is horizontal, that is, the barrel 2 is kept horizontal, and the evacuation and the calcination are started. When the material needs to be discharged after the calcination is completed, the sealing cover on the material inlet/outlet 24 is opened, the material outlet cover 25 is moved to the material inlet/outlet 24, the jacking device 52 at the left end is opened, the left end of the bottom frame 51 is driven to ascend, so that the left end of the barrel 2 is high and the right end of the barrel 2 is low, the barrel 2 is driven by the driving device 6 to rotate, and the material after the calcination is discharged by sliding to the material inlet/outlet 24 under the action of gravity.

The vacuum pumping device comprises an air extracting device 10, a vacuum suction head 11 and a rotating part 12, wherein the air extracting device 10 is arranged on the base frame 51, the vacuum suction head 11 and the rotating part 12 are transversely arranged in the barrel 2, the vacuum suction head 11 is provided with an exhaust hole 112 and a first cavity 111 for exhausting gas, and the exhaust hole 112 is communicated with the first cavity 111; in this embodiment, the vacuum cleaner 11 is a cylindrical pipe arranged in a transverse direction, the first cavity 111 is a hollow portion in the pipe, and the exhaust hole 112 is penetratingly formed at a side wall of the pipe so as to communicate with the hollow portion in the pipe. The rotating part 12 is arranged outside the vacuum suction head 11 and can shield the exhaust hole 112, the rotating part 12 and the vacuum suction head 11 form an air inlet 13 and a second cavity 121 for sucking air, the air inlet 13 is communicated with the second cavity 121, the second cavity 121 is communicated with the exhaust hole 112, in the embodiment, the rotating part 12 is also a cylindrical pipeline transversely arranged, the rotating part 12 is sleeved outside the vacuum suction head 11, so that the end parts at two ends of the pipeline are the air inlet 13, the hollow part of the pipeline is the second cavity 121, so that the air enters the air inlet 13 along the horizontal direction and then enters the exhaust hole 112 along the vertical direction, as shown in fig. 6. In this embodiment, the axes of the vacuum suction head 11 and the rotating part 12 are coincident, the inner diameter ratio of the vacuum suction head 11 to the rotating part 12 is 0.7:1, and in practical application, the inner diameter ratio of the vacuum suction head 11 to the rotating part 12 can also be 0.6:1 or 0.8:1, and the size of the second cavity is specifically defined according to practical situations, so that as much gas as possible enters the second cavity, and as little dust as possible enters the second cavity. The rotary part 12 is provided with a connector 16 on the inner wall, the rotary part 12 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the vacuum suction head 11 through the connector 16, and the axes of the rotary part 12 and the vacuum suction head 11 are coincident. In this embodiment, the quantity of rotating part 12 is 5, 5 even interval cover of rotating part 12 are established on the outer wall of vacuum suction head 11, set up a plurality of rotating parts 12 and be for making the both ends of every rotating part 12 can both admit air, thereby improve the evacuation efficiency, make the gas in the barrel 2 of calcining furnace can be taken away fast, also can avoid the barrel 2 internal gas pressure to distribute unevenly, in practical application, the quantity of rotating part 12 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 or more, each rotating part 12 can even interval set up, also can uneven interval set up, concrete technical person in the art can be according to actual conditions and decide. One end of the vacuum suction head 11 extends out of the barrel 2 and is communicated with the air extraction device 10, in this embodiment, the air extraction device 10 is a rotary-vane vacuum pump, so that the air in the barrel 2 of the calcining furnace can be sucked into the second cavity 121 through the air inlet 13 and then into the first cavity 111 through the exhaust hole 112 by the suction effect of the air extraction device 10, and finally is extracted by the air extraction device 10. The vacuum suction head device further comprises a cooling device 15 for cooling the gas exhausted from the vacuum suction head 11, and the air exhaust device 10 is connected with the vacuum suction head 11 through the cooling device 15, so that the gas exhausted from the vacuum suction head 11 can be cooled through the cooling device 15, and the air exhaust device 10 is prevented from being damaged by high-temperature gas.

In this embodiment, the vacuum pumping device further comprises a connecting portion 14, the vacuum suction head 11 is connected to the air pumping device 10 through the connecting portion 14, and the vacuum suction head 11 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 2 through a second connecting member 17 disposed on the outer wall thereof, so that the vacuum suction head 11 can rotate synchronously with the cylinder 2 while the driving device 6 drives the cylinder 2 to rotate. The rotating part 12 is provided with a first connector 16 on an inner wall thereof, the rotating part 12 is fixedly mounted on an outer wall of the vacuum cleaner 11 through the first connector 16, and axes of the rotating part 12 and the vacuum cleaner 11 are coincident, so that the rotating part 12 can be rotated in synchronization with the vacuum cleaner 11. The vacuum suction head 11 and the connecting portion 14 are connected and sealed through a dynamic sealing portion structure, the dynamic sealing portion includes a sealing ring, a bearing, an end cover, and the like, and the structure and the installation manner of the dynamic sealing portion are well known to those skilled in the art, and are not described in detail in this embodiment. In the embodiment, the barrel 2 rotates to drive the raw material in the barrel 2 to flow, so that the raw material can be fully contacted and uniformly heated, the reaction efficiency is improved, and the vacuum suction head 11 and the rotating part 12 can be driven to rotate, so that on one hand, the powdery raw material can be prevented from being accumulated on the side walls of the vacuum suction head 11 and the rotating part 12, the raw material loss caused by the fact that the powdery raw material is accumulated together and does not participate in the reaction is avoided, and the situation that the powdery raw material is accumulated on the side wall of the vacuum suction head 11 to block the exhaust hole is also avoided; on the other hand, the rotation through vacuum suction head 11 and rotating part 12 can further drive the flow of the gas in the calciner to drive the raw materials in the calciner to flow, so that the raw materials are fully mixed uniformly, and the production efficiency is improved.

In this embodiment, one end of the vacuum suction head 11 extending out of the sealed end of the cylinder 2 is connected to the air extractor 10 through the connecting portion 14, the other end is disposed in the cylinder 2 and extends into the third cylinder 23, the end of the vacuum suction head 11 disposed in the third cylinder 23 further has an air outlet 113 for extracting air from the cylinder 2, the air outlet 113 is disposed in the third cylinder 23, and the air outlet 113 is communicated with the first cavity 111. The exhaust port 113 is arranged, so that on one hand, the vacuum pumping efficiency can be improved, and the gas in the cylinder body 2 can be pumped away as soon as possible; on the other hand, the side wall and the end part of the vacuum suction head 11 are both provided with the exhaust ports, so that the gas in the cylinder 2 can be uniformly pumped away, and the condition that the gas in the cylinder 2 is unevenly distributed due to the fact that the exhaust ports are only arranged on the side wall of the vacuum suction head 11 is avoided. And, because the cylinder 2 is when feeding, because the cylinder 2 is high in right-hand member, the left end is low, so raw materials will slide to the left under the influence of gravity, the cylinder 2 will rotate under the drive of drive arrangement 6 at the same time, because the internal diameter of the first cylinder portion 21 is greater than the internal diameter of the third cylinder portion 23, make raw materials mainly concentrate in the first cylinder portion 21, and will not or will rarely reach the third cylinder portion 23 in, thus set up the exhaust port 113 on the vacuum suction head 11, raw materials will not or will rarely be drawn away from the exhaust port 113 either.

The vacuum calciner in the embodiment can effectively avoid or reduce the extraction of the powdery raw materials in the calciner, and firstly, the gas and the powdery raw materials of the calciner can only enter the rotating part from the gas inlet of the vacuumizing device, so that most of the powdery raw materials can be prevented from entering the rotating part through the side wall of the rotating part; then, the powdery raw material can be filtered through the exhaust holes on the side wall of the vacuum suction head of the vacuum pumping device, so that the gas can enter the vacuum suction head and be pumped away, and the powdery raw material is intercepted by the exhaust holes on the side wall of the vacuum suction head and cannot enter the vacuum suction head, thereby avoiding or reducing the pumping away of the powdery raw material by the air pumping device of the vacuum pumping device, and not only prolonging the service life of the air pumping device; but also can reduce the loss of the powdery raw materials in the calcining furnace and save the production cost. The end part of the vacuum suction head is also provided with an exhaust port positioned in the third cylinder body part, and the exhaust port can improve the vacuum pumping efficiency of the vacuum suction head on one hand, so that the gas in the cylinder body can be pumped away as soon as possible; on the other hand, the side wall and the end part of the vacuum suction head are both provided with the gas inlets, so that the gas in the cylinder can be uniformly pumped away, and the condition that the gas in the cylinder is not uniformly distributed due to the fact that the gas inlets are only arranged on the side wall of the vacuum suction head is avoided; meanwhile, because the raw materials can be conveyed into the third barrel part through the feeding device in the embodiment, the raw materials in the third barrel part can all enter the first barrel part by enabling the barrel part to rotate and incline, and the inner diameter of the first barrel part is larger than that of the third barrel part, so that the raw materials to be reacted during calcination are basically in the first barrel part and rarely enter the third barrel part, and therefore the raw materials in the barrel part cannot be pumped away by arranging the exhaust port at the end part of the vacuum suction head. The vacuum suction head and the rotating part can rotate, so that on one hand, powdery raw materials can be prevented from being accumulated on the side walls of the vacuum suction head and the rotating part, the raw materials can be prevented from being accumulated together and not participating in reaction to cause raw material loss, and the situation that the powdery raw materials are accumulated on the side wall of the vacuum suction head to block the exhaust hole is also avoided; on the other hand, the rotation through vacuum suction head and rotating part can also drive the equipment of waiting to the evacuation like the flow of the interior gas of calciner to the raw materials that drives in the calciner flows, makes the raw materials intensive mixing even, improves production efficiency.

The above are merely characteristic embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. All technical solutions formed by equivalent exchanges or equivalent substitutions fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vacuum calciner, characterized by comprising:

a cylinder (2) including a first cylinder portion (21) and a third cylinder portion (23) provided at one end of the first cylinder portion (21);

the vacuum suction head (11) is transversely arranged in the cylinder body (2) and is used for vacuumizing the inside of the cylinder body (2), one end of the vacuum suction head (11) is arranged in the third cylinder body part (23), and one end, positioned in the third cylinder body part (23), of the vacuum suction head (11) is provided with an exhaust port (113) used for exhausting gas in the cylinder body (2);

rotating part (12), it sets up in barrel (2), still have on the lateral wall of vacuum suction head (11) be used for with gas outgoing's exhaust hole (112) in barrel (2), rotating part (12) set up in the outside of vacuum suction head (11) and with vacuum suction head (11) form and are used for with second cavity (121) that gas suction was come in barrel (2), second cavity (121) with exhaust hole (112) intercommunication, rotating part (12) can shelter from exhaust hole (112).

2. A vacuum calciner according to claim 1 characterised in that: one end of the barrel (2) close to the third barrel part (23) is provided with a feeding and discharging port (24) for raw materials to enter, the barrel (2) can incline and rotate, and the raw materials in the third barrel part (23) can enter and stay in the first barrel part (21) along with the inclination and the rotation of the barrel (2).

3. A vacuum calciner according to claim 1 characterised in that: the exhaust port (113) is arranged at one end part of the vacuum suction head (11) positioned in the third cylinder part (23), and the inner diameter of the first cylinder part (21) is larger than that of the third cylinder part (23).

4. A vacuum calciner according to claim 1 characterised in that: the rotating part (12) and the vacuum suction head (11) can rotate synchronously.

5. Vacuum calciner according to claim 1 characterized in that said rotating means (12) are several, each of said rotating means (12) being arranged at intervals outside said vacuum head (11).

6. Vacuum calciner according to claim 1 characterized in that the second cavity (121) is further provided with an air inlet (13), and the positions of the air inlet (13) and the exhaust hole (112) are staggered.

7. Vacuum calciner according to claim 6 characterized in that the air inlet (13) is formed between the rotating part (12) and the vacuum suction head (11).

8. Vacuum calciner according to claim 1 characterized in that the axes of the vacuum suction head (11) and the rotating part (12) coincide and the ratio of the inner diameters of the vacuum suction head (11) and the rotating part (12) is 0.6-0.8: 1.

9. Calcining furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that the vacuum nozzle (11) and the rotating part (12) are both cylindrical, the rotating part (12) is arranged on the outer wall of the vacuum nozzle (11) and the rotating part (12) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the vacuum nozzle (11) by means of a first connecting element (16) arranged on the inner wall thereof; the vacuum suction head (11) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the cylinder body (2) through a second connecting piece (17) arranged on the outer wall of the vacuum suction head.