CN111692324A - Forward and reverse driving speed reducer - Google Patents

Forward and reverse driving speed reducer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111692324A
CN111692324A CN202010590456.3A CN202010590456A CN111692324A CN 111692324 A CN111692324 A CN 111692324A CN 202010590456 A CN202010590456 A CN 202010590456A CN 111692324 A CN111692324 A CN 111692324A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
oil
gear set
guide plate
input shaft
lubricating
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Granted
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CN202010590456.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111692324B (en
Inventor
曲中元
王攀旭
郭凯
赵练
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Dongfeng Motor Co Ltd
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Dongfeng Motor Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/38—Constructional details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
    • F16H57/0421—Guidance of lubricant on or within the casing, e.g. shields or baffles for collecting lubricant, tubes, pipes, grooves, channels or the like
    • F16H57/0423—Lubricant guiding means mounted or supported on the casing, e.g. shields or baffles for collecting lubricant, tubes or pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/045—Lubricant storage reservoirs, e.g. reservoirs in addition to a gear sump for collecting lubricant in the upper part of a gear case

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a forward and reverse drive speed reducer which comprises a variable shell, an off-shell, a differential gear set, an intermediate shaft gear set and an input shaft gear set, wherein the differential gear set, the intermediate shaft gear set and the input shaft gear set are arranged in an installation cavity between the variable shell and the off-shell; the forward and reverse driving speed reducer also comprises a forward rotation lubricating group and a reverse rotation lubricating group which are integrated on the variable shell and the separated shell; when the speed reducer rotates forwards, the differential gear set forwards stirs lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil is guided into the differential gear set, the intermediate shaft gear set and the input shaft gear set from the upper part of the mounting cavity through the forward rotation lubricating set; when the speed reducer rotates reversely, the differential gear set reversely stirs lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil is guided into the differential gear set, the intermediate shaft gear set and the input shaft gear set from the lower part of the mounting cavity through the reverse rotation lubricating set. The invention has the advantages that the lubricating requirement can be met when the speed reducer rotates forwards and reversely, the structure is compact, and the cost is saved.

Description

Forward and reverse driving speed reducer
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy reducers, in particular to a forward and reverse driving reducer.
Background
The existing mainstream new energy speed reducer is mainly divided into two types. One is to arrange the middle shaft at the middle lower part, and the bearing has good lubricating effect when the speed reducer works, but the arrangement scheme has larger oil stirring loss, so that the working efficiency of the speed reducer is lower; the other type arranges the intermediate shaft on the upper part, the arrangement has good working efficiency, but the arrangement can only meet the requirement that the bearing in a single rotating direction has good lubricating effect, and the forward and reverse rotating bearings of the speed reducer can not have good lubricating effect.
Along with the upgrading of the demand of a user on power, the electric four-wheel drive vehicle gradually changes, and the installation direction is mostly changed by the installation mode of limiting front drive EPT (speed reducer) and rear drive EPT of the whole vehicle. When the vehicle advances, the front-drive and rear-drive speed reducers work in different rotating directions, and because the speed reducers have large forward and reverse rotation lubrication difference, the front-drive and rear-drive speed reducers cannot be shared, one set of speed reducer assembly is frequently required to be redesigned, so that the speed reducer shell assembly is diversified, and the cost is increased.
The part reduction gear arranges the jackshaft on upper portion, adopts the mode that increases oil pump force-feed lubrication in order to improve the great problem of reduction gear positive and negative rotation lubrication difference, but higher to the requirement of oil pump, the technical difficulty is big and increase cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a forward and reverse drive speed reducer which can meet the lubrication requirement in forward and reverse driving.
The technical scheme of the invention provides a forward and reverse drive speed reducer, which comprises a variable shell, an off-shell, a differential gear set, an intermediate shaft gear set and an input shaft gear set, wherein the differential gear set, the intermediate shaft gear set and the input shaft gear set are arranged in a mounting cavity between the variable shell and the off-shell,
the intermediate shaft gear set is positioned at the middle upper part of the mounting cavity;
the forward and reverse driving speed reducer also comprises a forward rotation lubricating group and a reverse rotation lubricating group which are integrated on the variable shell and the off-shell;
when the speed reducer rotates forwards, the differential gear set forwards stirs lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil is guided into the differential gear set, the intermediate shaft gear set and the input shaft gear set from the upper part of the mounting cavity through the forward rotation lubricating set;
when the speed reducer rotates reversely, the differential gear set reversely stirs lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil is guided into the differential gear set, the intermediate shaft gear set and the input shaft gear set from the lower part of the mounting cavity through the reverse rotation lubricating set.
Further, the forward rotation lubricating group comprises an oil guide cavity, an oil guide plate assembly and an oil storage groove;
the oil guide plate assembly is positioned at the upper part of the mounting cavity, the oil guide cavity is formed by the oil guide plate assembly and the upper edge of the mounting cavity, an oil inlet of the oil guide cavity is formed towards the differential gear set, and the oil guide cavity is communicated with the differential gear set and the intermediate shaft gear set;
the oil storage groove is located at one end of the oil guide plate assembly and located above the input shaft gear set, and the oil storage groove is communicated with the input shaft gear set.
Further, the reverse rotation lubricating group comprises an oil dam, a differential bearing oil channel and an input shaft bearing oil channel;
the oil dam is located at the lower portion of the installation cavity, the oil dam is connected with the differential bearing oil duct and the input shaft bearing oil duct, the differential bearing oil duct is communicated to the differential installation position of the installation cavity, and the input shaft bearing oil duct is communicated to the input shaft installation position of the installation cavity.
Further, the reverse rotation lubricating group further comprises an oil collecting cavity, the oil collecting cavity is located at the other end of the oil guide plate assembly, and the oil collecting cavity is communicated with the intermediate shaft gear set.
Furthermore, when the speed reducer rotates reversely, lubricating oil is splashed onto the oil guide plate assembly through the oil dam, then enters the oil storage groove from the oil guide plate assembly, and after the oil storage groove is filled with oil, the lubricating oil enters the input shaft gear set.
Furthermore, a first oil discharge groove is formed between the intermediate shaft gear set and the input shaft bearing oil passage.
Further, the input shaft bearing oil passage is an arc oil passage which is bent toward the oil dam, and the input bearing oil passage is directly connected with the oil dam, and the differential gear bearing oil passage is obliquely communicated from the input shaft bearing oil passage downward to the differential gear set.
Furthermore, the lowest position of the differential mounting position is provided with a second oil unloading groove, and the lowest position of the input shaft mounting position is provided with a third oil unloading groove.
Further, lead the oiled-plate subassembly and include that first lead oiled-plate, second lead oiled-plate and third lead the oiled-plate, first lead the oiled-plate be located become on the shell, the second lead oiled-plate with the third lead the oiled-plate to be located on the off-shell, the second lead the oiled-plate be located the third lead the below of oiled-plate, first lead the oiled-plate with the third lead the oiled-plate butt joint and with form between the upper edge of installation cavity lead the oil pocket.
Further, during the process of fully storing the oil in the oil storage groove, the lubricating oil flows from the separated shell side to the changed shell side in the axial direction.
After adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, have following beneficial effect:
the invention realizes the lubrication of the reducer in the forward rotation and the reverse rotation through the forward rotation lubricating set and the reverse rotation lubricating set respectively, and the forward rotation lubricating set and the reverse rotation lubricating set are integrated in the separated shell and the changed shell, thereby increasing the sharing performance of the reducer shell, having compact structure, needing no additional parts compared with the forced lubrication of an oil pump, and saving the cost.
Drawings
The disclosure of the present invention will become more readily understood by reference to the drawings. It should be understood that: these drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In the figure:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a variant shell in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of the present invention in an off-shell configuration;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a variable housing mounted differential gear set, countershaft gear set and input shaft gear set in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of the present invention with the differential gear set, countershaft gear set and input shaft gear set mounted off-shell;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the flow of lubricating oil in the change case when the speed reducer is rotating in the forward direction according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the lubricant flow leaving the housing during forward rotation of the transmission in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the flow of lubricating oil in the variable case when the speed reducer rotates in the reverse direction according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the lubricant flow leaving the housing when the retarder is rotating in reverse according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Reference symbol comparison table:
changing the shell 1 and separating the shell 2;
differential gear set 3: a differential mounting position 31, a differential gear 32, a differential first oil channel 33, a differential second oil channel 34 and a differential bearing 35;
intermediate shaft gear set 4: an intermediate shaft mounting position 41, an intermediate shaft gear 42, an intermediate shaft oil channel 43 and an intermediate shaft bearing 44;
input shaft gear set 5: an input shaft mounting position 51, an input shaft gear 52, an input shaft oil passage 53 and an input shaft bearing 54;
positive rotation lubricating group 6: the oil guide cavity 61, the oil guide plate assembly 62, the oil accumulation groove 63, the oil inlet 611, the first oil outlet 612, the second oil outlet 613, the first oil guide plate 621, the second oil guide plate 622, the third oil guide plate 623 and the cutting plate 624;
reverse lubrication group 7: an oil dam 71, a differential bearing oil passage 72, an input shaft bearing oil passage 73, and an oil collection cavity 74;
a first oil discharge groove 8, a second oil discharge groove 9 and a third oil discharge groove 10.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It is easily understood that according to the technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art can substitute various structures and implementation manners without changing the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative of the technical aspects of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting or restricting the technical aspects of the present invention.
The terms of orientation of up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom, and the like referred to or may be referred to in this specification are defined relative to the configuration shown in the drawings, and are relative terms, and thus may be changed correspondingly according to the position and the use state of the device. Therefore, these and other directional terms should not be construed as limiting terms.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the forward and reverse drive speed reducer comprises a variable shell 1 and an off-shell 2, and a differential gear set 3, an intermediate shaft gear set 4 and an input shaft gear set 5 which are installed in an installation cavity between the variable shell 1 and the off-shell 2,
the intermediate shaft gear set 4 is positioned at the middle upper part of the mounting cavity;
the positive and negative driving speed reducer also comprises a positive rotation lubricating group 6 and a negative rotation lubricating group 7 which are integrated on the variable shell 1 and the separated shell 2;
when the speed reducer rotates forwards, the differential gear set 3 stirs lubricating oil forwards, and the lubricating oil is guided into the differential gear set 3, the intermediate shaft gear set 4 and the input shaft gear set 5 from the upper part of the mounting cavity through the forward rotation lubricating set 6;
when the speed reducer rotates in the reverse direction, the differential gear set 3 agitates the lubricating oil in the reverse direction, and the lubricating oil is introduced into the differential gear set 3, the intermediate shaft gear set 4, and the input shaft gear set 5 from the lower portion of the mounting cavity through the reverse rotation lubricating group 7.
Specifically, the forward-reverse drive speed reducer can be applied to a four-wheel drive electric vehicle, and when the electric four-wheel drive whole vehicle is arranged, in order to leave a sufficient arrangement space for a battery pack, the forward-drive EPT and the rear-drive EPT are mostly arranged in opposite directions. When the EPT is arranged in the forward drive, the drive motor is located in the front of the vehicle, and when the vehicle is moving forward, the differential gear 32 rotates clockwise as viewed from the motor direction, the intermediate shaft gear 42 rotates counterclockwise, the motor input shaft rotates clockwise, and the motor rotates clockwise; when the EPT is arranged in the rear drive, the drive motor is located at the rear of the vehicle, and when the vehicle is moving forward, the differential gear 32 rotates counterclockwise as viewed from the motor direction, the intermediate shaft gear 42 rotates clockwise, the motor input shaft rotates counterclockwise, and the motor rotates counterclockwise, so that when the front-rear drive EPT is arranged in the opposite direction, the motor rotates in the opposite direction.
The same structure of the forward and reverse drive reducer in this embodiment can be used for forward drive and backward drive, except that the rotation directions of the motors are opposite.
In this embodiment, "forward direction" refers to the clockwise rotation of the motor, and "reverse direction" refers to the counterclockwise rotation of the motor.
When the motor does not work, the lubricating oil is located at the bottom of the mounting cavity.
When the motor rotates, the differential gear set 3 stirs lubricating oil from the bottom of the mounting cavity, and when the differential gear set 3 rotates in the positive direction, the lubricating oil is firstly stirred to the upper part of the mounting cavity; when the differential gear set 3 rotates in the reverse direction, the lubricating oil is first stirred to the lower portion of the mounting cavity.
In this embodiment, since the forward rotation lubricating group 6 can introduce lubricating oil into the differential gear set 3, the intermediate gear set 4, and the input shaft gear set 5 from the upper portion of the mounting cavity, lubrication of the differential gear set 3, the intermediate gear set 4, and the input shaft gear set 5 is achieved when the motor rotates in the forward direction.
And because the reverse rotation lubricating group 7 guides lubricating oil into the differential gear set 3, the intermediate gear set 4 and the input shaft gear set 5 from the lower part of the mounting cavity, the lubricating oil can lubricate the differential gear set 3, the intermediate gear set 4 and the input shaft gear set 5 when the motor rotates reversely.
Therefore, the forward rotation lubricating group 6 and the reverse rotation lubricating group 7 can meet the lubricating requirement when the forward and reverse drive speed reducer is applied to the forward drive or the backward drive, so that the universality of the speed reducer shell can be improved, the types of the speed reducer shell assembly are reduced, and the cost is saved.
The forward and reverse drive speed reducer is compact in overall structure, the forward rotation lubricating group 6 and the reverse rotation lubricating group 7 only need to be cast together along with the speed reducer shell (leaving the shell 2 and changing the shell 1), and compared with an oil pump, forced lubrication does not need to increase extra parts, so that the cost is saved.
In addition, because the intermediate shaft gear set 4 is arranged at the upper part of the speed reducer, the oil stirring loss is reduced, and the working efficiency of the new energy speed reducer is improved.
In this embodiment, the front drive of the speed reducer is the forward rotation, and the rear drive is the reverse rotation. Alternatively, it is also possible to place the reverse condition in forward drive and the forward condition in reverse drive.
Forward rotation lubrication:
further, as shown in fig. 1-2 and 5-6, the forward rotation lubricating group 6 includes an oil guide chamber 61, an oil guide plate assembly 62 and an oil reservoir 63;
the oil guide plate assembly 62 is positioned at the upper part of the mounting cavity, the oil guide plate assembly 62 and the upper edge of the mounting cavity form an oil guide cavity 61, an oil inlet 611 of the oil guide cavity 61 is formed towards the differential gear set 3, and the oil guide cavity 61 is communicated with the differential gear set 3 and the intermediate shaft gear set 4;
an oil reservoir 63 is located at one end of the oil guide plate assembly 62 and above the input shaft gear set 5, the oil reservoir 63 communicating with the input shaft gear set 5.
Specifically, the oil guide cavity 61 is arranged in the variable shell 1 and the off-shell 2, and the upper edges of the variable shell 1 and the off-shell 2 and the oil guide plate assembly 62 jointly enclose the oil guide cavity 61. In fig. 2, an oil inlet 611 is formed in the left side of the oil guide chamber 61, the oil inlet 611 communicates with the left side of the differential gear set 3, and when the differential gear set 3 rotates clockwise, the differential gear set 3 agitates the lubricating oil at the bottom of the mounting chamber into the oil inlet 611 and enters the oil guide chamber 61 from the oil inlet 611.
As shown in fig. 1, the oil guide cavity 61 further has a first oil outlet 612 and a second oil outlet 613, and the first oil outlet 612 enters the differential mounting position 31 through the differential first oil passage 33 to lubricate the differential bearing 35 on the transmission case side. Lubricating oil enters from an oil inlet 611 on the shell leaving side, and exits from a first oil outlet 612 on the shell changing side to enter the first oil passage 33.
As shown in fig. 1, the second oil outlet 613 enters the intermediate shaft mounting position 41 through the intermediate shaft oil passage 43, and lubricates the intermediate shaft bearing 44 on the variable casing side.
As shown in fig. 2, the intermediate shaft oil channels 43 are provided in both the variable shell 1 and the off-shell 2, the two intermediate shaft oil channels 43 are separated by an intermediate shaft gear 42, the intermediate shaft oil channel 43 on the variable shell 1 side is communicated with the intermediate shaft oil channel on the variable shell side, and the intermediate shaft oil channel 43 on the off-shell 2 side is communicated with the intermediate shaft oil channel on the off-shell side.
Lubricating oil enters an oil storage groove 63 through an oil guide plate assembly 62, after the oil storage groove 63 is filled with oil, the lubricating oil respectively flows into the input shaft gear 52 and the input shaft oil channel 53, the input shaft oil channel 53 is respectively arranged in the variable shell 1 and the off-shell 2, and the lubricating oil in the input shaft oil channel 53 respectively enters the input shaft variable shell and the off-shell side bearing, so that the input shaft gear 52 and the input shaft bearing 54 are lubricated.
As shown in fig. 2, the lubrication of the off-shell side intermediate shaft bearing 44 and the differential bearing 35 is that during the oil stirring process of the differential gear 32, due to the rotation direction action of the differential gear 32, the lubricating oil flows into the off-shell side intermediate shaft oil passage 43 and the differential second oil passage 34 along the wall surface of the off-shell 2, so as to lubricate the off-shell side intermediate shaft bearing 44 and the differential bearing 35.
Wherein the differential second oil passage 34 connects the upper edge of the off-case 2 with the differential mount 31 on the off-case side.
Further, as shown in fig. 1-2, the oil guide plate assembly 62 includes a first oil guide plate 621, a second oil guide plate 622, and a third oil guide plate 623, the first oil guide plate 621 is located on the variable casing 1, the second oil guide plate 622 and the third oil guide plate 623 are located on the off-casing 2, the second oil guide plate 622 is located below the third oil guide plate 623, and the first oil guide plate 621 is abutted to the third oil guide plate 623 and forms an oil guide cavity 61 with an upper edge of the mounting cavity.
Specifically, the oil guide plate assembly 62 further includes a cutting plate 624, the cutting plate 624 is disposed in both the variable casing 1 and the off casing 2, and the cutting plate 624 is connected between the upper edge of the mounting cavity and the first oil guide plate 621 and the third oil guide plate 623 for enclosing the oil guide cavity 61.
As shown in fig. 1, the first oil guide plate 621 is streamlined, and the lubricating oil is guided from the upper surface of the first oil guide plate 621 into the oil guide chamber 61 on the transformer case 1 side, and further enters the oil reservoir 63 on the transformer case 1 side through the lower surface of the first oil guide plate 621. In the process that lubricating oil enters the oil storage tank 63 from the first oil guide plate 621, part of the oil drops onto the intermediate shaft gear 42 from the first oil guide plate 621, so that the lubrication of the large gear and the small gear of the intermediate shaft is realized.
As shown in fig. 2, the third oil guide plate 623 abuts against the first oil guide plate 621, and the lubricating oil is introduced from the upper surface of the third oil guide plate 623 into the oil guide chamber 61 on the side of the separation shell 2, and also enters the oil reservoir 63 on the side of the separation shell 2 through the lower surface of the third oil guide plate 623.
Second oil guide plate 622 is located below third oil guide plate 623, and the upper surface of second oil guide plate 622 guides the lubricating oil into oil reservoir 63 on the side of off-case 2.
Since less lubricating oil is stirred from the differential gear set 3 to the input shaft gear set 5, it is necessary to provide the oil reservoir 63 so that the lubricating oil can be continuously and uniformly flowed into the input shaft gear set 5 for lubrication after the oil reservoir 63 is filled with the oil.
The first oil guide plate 621, the second oil guide plate 622 and the third oil guide plate 623 are all supplied with oil from the oil storage tank 63, and the oil supply of the oil storage tank 63 is increased.
In this embodiment, during the period in which the oil reservoir 63 is filled with oil, the lubricating oil flows from the separation shell 2 side to the change shell 1 side in the axial direction.
Reverse lubrication:
as shown in fig. 1-2, the counter-rotating lubrication group 7 includes an oil dam 71, a differential bearing oil passage 72, an input shaft bearing oil passage 73;
the oil dam 71 is located at the lower portion of the mounting cavity, the oil dam 71 is connected with the differential bearing oil channel 72 and the input shaft bearing oil channel 73, the differential bearing oil channel 72 is communicated with the differential mounting position 31 of the mounting cavity, and the input shaft bearing oil channel 73 is communicated with the input shaft mounting position 51 of the mounting cavity.
Specifically, the oil dam 71 is arranged on both the variable casing 1 and the off casing 2, the oil dam 71 is in a curve shape and extends upwards from the bottom of the mounting cavity to enter the input shaft bearing oil passage 73, one end of the input shaft bearing oil passage 73 is connected with the differential bearing oil passage 72, and the other end of the input shaft bearing oil passage 73 is connected with the input shaft mounting position 51. The differential bearing oil passage 72 is connected to the differential mount 31.
When the motor rotates reversely, the differential gear 32 stirs the lubricating oil at the bottom of the mounting cavity to the oil dam 71, a part of the oil liquid passing through the oil dam 71 is beaten to the intermediate shaft gear 42 and drips, flows into the input shaft bearing oil passage 73 from bottom to top, then flows towards the left side and the right side through the input shaft bearing oil passage 73, respectively flows into the differential bearing oil passage 72 and the input shaft mounting position 51, and then enters the differential bearing 35 and the input shaft bearing 54 for lubrication.
The input shaft bearing oil passage 73 and the differential bearing oil passage 72 are both arranged in the variable shell 1 and the off-shell 2, and enter the bearings on the corresponding sides through the oil passages on the corresponding sides.
Lubrication of the intermediate shaft pinion, the differential bearing 35 on the variable case side, the input shaft bearing 54 on the variable case side, the differential bearing 35 on the off case side, and the input shaft bearing 54 on the off case side is achieved by supplying oil through an oil dam 71 to the differential bearing oil passage 72 and the input shaft bearing oil passage 73.
The other part of the lubricating oil is sprayed onto the first oil guide plate 621 and the third oil guide plate 623 through the oil dam 71, and part of the oil drops onto the large gear of the intermediate shaft, so that the large gear of the intermediate shaft is lubricated. At this time, the first oil guide plate 621 and the third oil guide plate 623 become a part of the function of the reverse lubrication group 7.
Further, as shown in fig. 1-2, the counter-rotating lubrication group 7 further includes an oil collection chamber 74, the oil collection chamber 74 is located at the other end of the oil guide plate assembly 62, and the oil collection chamber 74 is in communication with the intermediate shaft gear set 4.
Wherein, the oil collecting cavity 74 is located below the first oil guide plate 621 and the third oil guide plate 623, and is led into the intermediate shaft mounting position 41 through the intermediate shaft oil channel 43, and the oil collecting cavity 74 is arranged in the variable shell 1 and the separated shell 2.
The other part of the lubricating oil enters the oil collecting cavity 74 along the first oil guide plate 621 and the third oil guide plate 623 respectively, and the oil entering the oil collecting cavity 74 enters the variable-shell side and off-shell side intermediate shaft bearings 44 along the intermediate shaft oil channels 43 respectively, so that the variable-shell and off-shell intermediate shaft bearings 44 are lubricated.
Further, when the speed reducer rotates in the reverse direction, the lubricating oil is splashed onto the oil guide plate assembly 62 through the oil dam 71, and then enters the oil storage groove 63 from the oil guide plate assembly 62, and after the oil storage groove 63 is filled with the oil, the lubricating oil enters the input shaft gear set 5.
Specifically, the other part of the lubricating oil enters the oil storage tank 63 along the first oil guide plate 621 and the third oil guide plate 623 respectively, the oil entering the oil storage tank 63 flows into the input shaft gear 52 and the input shaft oil passage 53 after being fully stored, and the lubricating oil flowing into the input shaft oil passage 53 enters the input shaft variable shell and the off-shell side bearing respectively, so that the input shaft gear 52 and the input shaft bearing 54 are lubricated.
At this time, the oil reservoir 63 becomes a part of the function of the reverse lubrication group 7.
In the present embodiment, the input shaft bearing oil passage 73 is an arc oil passage that curves toward the oil dam 71, and the input bearing oil passage 73 is directly connected to the oil dam 71, and the differential bearing oil passage 72 communicates obliquely downward from the input shaft bearing oil passage 73 to the differential gear set 3.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, a first oil drain groove 8 is provided between the counter gear set 4 and the input shaft bearing oil passage 73.
Specifically, a first oil discharge groove 8 is formed between the intermediate shaft mounting position 41 and the input shaft bearing oil passage 73, and the first oil discharge groove 8 is used for forming a flow passage, so that lubricating oil can flow into the input shaft bearing oil passage 73 from the intermediate shaft mounting position 41 through the first oil discharge groove 8 and enter the input shaft mounting position 51 when the motor rotates forwards, and then flow into the differential mounting position 31 through the differential bearing oil passage 72.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, a second oil relief groove 9 is provided at the lowest position of the differential mounting position 31, and a third oil relief groove 10 is provided at the lowest position of the input shaft mounting position 51.
The second oil relief groove 9 is also used for forming a flow channel, so that the lubricating oil can flow rapidly, and the excessive lubricating oil flowing into the differential mounting position 31 can be discharged; the third oil relief groove 10 is also for forming a flow passage for facilitating a rapid flow of the lubricating oil and for draining off excess lubricating oil flowing into the input shaft mounting location 51.
The forward and reverse driving speed reducer of the embodiment has the following advantages:
1. the intermediate shaft is arranged at the upper part of the speed reducer, so that the oil stirring loss is reduced, and the working efficiency of the speed reducer is improved;
2. by adopting the integrated oil duct design, the bearing has good lubricating effect no matter the speed reducer is under the working conditions of forward rotation and reverse rotation, the commonality of the shell of the speed reducer can be increased, the variety of the shell assembly of the speed reducer is reduced, and the cost is saved;
3. compact structure, the oil duct only need along with the reduction gear casing together cast out can, compare oil pump force-feed lubrication need not to increase extra part, practices thrift the cost.
The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles and preferred embodiments of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several other modifications can be made on the basis of the principle of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be regarded.

Claims (10)

1. A positive and negative drive speed reducer comprises a variable shell (1), an off-shell (2), and a differential gear set (3), an intermediate shaft gear set (4) and an input shaft gear set (5) which are arranged in a mounting cavity between the variable shell (1) and the off-shell (2),
the intermediate shaft gear set (4) is positioned at the middle upper part of the mounting cavity;
the forward and reverse driving speed reducer also comprises a forward rotation lubricating group (6) and a reverse rotation lubricating group (7) which are integrated on the variable shell (1) and the release shell (2);
when the speed reducer rotates forwards, the differential gear set (3) stirs lubricating oil forwards, and the lubricating oil is guided into the differential gear set (3), the intermediate shaft gear set (4) and the input shaft gear set (5) from the upper part of the mounting cavity through the forward rotation lubricating set (6);
when the speed reducer rotates reversely, the differential gear set (3) reversely stirs lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil is guided into the differential gear set (3), the intermediate shaft gear set (4) and the input shaft gear set (5) from the lower part of the mounting cavity through the reverse rotation lubricating set (7).
2. A positive-reverse drive speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein the positive-rotation lubricating group (6) includes an oil guide chamber (61), an oil guide plate assembly (62), and an oil reservoir (63);
the oil guide plate assembly (62) is positioned at the upper part of the mounting cavity, the oil guide cavity (61) is formed by the oil guide plate assembly (62) and the upper edge of the mounting cavity, an oil inlet (611) of the oil guide cavity (61) is formed towards the differential gear set (3), and the oil guide cavity (61) is communicated with the differential gear set (3) and the intermediate shaft gear set (4);
the oil storage groove (63) is located at one end of the oil guide plate assembly (62) and located above the input shaft gear set (5), and the oil storage groove (63) is communicated with the input shaft gear set (5).
3. A forward-reverse drive retarder according to claim 2, characterised in that the counter-rotating lubrication group (7) comprises an oil dam (71), a differential bearing oil gallery (72), an input shaft bearing oil gallery (73);
the oil dam (71) is located at the lower portion of the installation cavity, the oil dam (71) is connected with the differential bearing oil channel (72) and the input shaft bearing oil channel (73), the differential bearing oil channel (72) is communicated with the differential installation position (31) of the installation cavity, and the input shaft bearing oil channel (73) is communicated with the input shaft installation position (51) of the installation cavity.
4. A positive and negative drive retarder according to claim 3, wherein the counter-rotating lubrication group (7) further comprises an oil collection chamber (74), the oil collection chamber (74) being located at the other end of the oil guide plate assembly (62), the oil collection chamber (74) being in communication with the intermediate shaft gear set (4).
5. A speed reducer according to claim 3, wherein when the speed reducer is rotated in a reverse direction, the lubricating oil is splashed onto the oil guide plate assembly (72) through the oil dam (71) and then enters the oil reservoir (63) from the oil guide plate assembly (72), and after the oil reservoir (63) is filled with the oil, the lubricating oil enters the input shaft gear set (5).
6. A forward-reverse drive reducer according to claim 3 in which a first oil relief groove (8) is provided between the countershaft gearset (4) and the input shaft bearing gallery (73).
7. A forward-reverse drive speed reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that the input-shaft bearing oil passage (73) is an arc-line oil passage that curves toward the oil dam (71), and the input-shaft bearing oil passage (73) is directly connected to the oil dam (71), and the differential-gear bearing oil passage (72) communicates obliquely downward from the input-shaft bearing oil passage (73) to the differential gear set (3).
8. A forward-reverse drive reducer according to claim 3 in which the lowest of said differential mounting locations (31) is provided with a second oil relief groove (9) and the lowest of said input shaft mounting locations (51) is provided with a third oil relief groove (10).
9. A positive and negative drive reduction gear according to claim 2, wherein the oil guide plate assembly (62) comprises a first oil guide plate (621), a second oil guide plate (622) and a third oil guide plate (623), the first oil guide plate (621) is located on the variable housing (1), the second oil guide plate (622) and the third oil guide plate (623) are located on the off-housing (2), the second oil guide plate (622) is located below the third oil guide plate (623), and the first oil guide plate (621) is butted against the third oil guide plate (623) and forms the oil guide cavity (61) with an upper edge of the mounting cavity.
10. A forward-reverse drive speed reducer according to claim 2, wherein the lubricating oil flows from the shell-leaving (2) side to the shell-changing (1) side in the axial direction during the oil accumulation in the oil accumulation groove (63).
CN202010590456.3A 2020-06-24 2020-06-24 Forward and reverse driving speed reducer Active CN111692324B (en)

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CN113494594A (en) * 2021-06-25 2021-10-12 东风汽车有限公司东风日产乘用车公司 Lubricating system for new energy hybrid transmission
CN113833831A (en) * 2021-09-29 2021-12-24 阿姆特(上海)新能源科技有限公司 Oil guide structure for preventing sintering of speed reducer with differential mechanism, speed reducer and vehicle
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CN117254624A (en) * 2023-11-14 2023-12-19 广汽埃安新能源汽车股份有限公司 Motor integrated shell and motor
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CN112303211A (en) * 2020-11-10 2021-02-02 东风汽车有限公司 Reverse driving speed reducer
CN113494594A (en) * 2021-06-25 2021-10-12 东风汽车有限公司东风日产乘用车公司 Lubricating system for new energy hybrid transmission
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CN113833831A (en) * 2021-09-29 2021-12-24 阿姆特(上海)新能源科技有限公司 Oil guide structure for preventing sintering of speed reducer with differential mechanism, speed reducer and vehicle
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WO2024075296A1 (en) * 2022-10-07 2024-04-11 武蔵精密工業株式会社 Transmission device
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CN117254624A (en) * 2023-11-14 2023-12-19 广汽埃安新能源汽车股份有限公司 Motor integrated shell and motor
CN117254624B (en) * 2023-11-14 2024-02-27 广汽埃安新能源汽车股份有限公司 Motor integrated shell and motor

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