CN111691842A - Cutting and fishing method - Google Patents

Cutting and fishing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111691842A
CN111691842A CN202010569084.6A CN202010569084A CN111691842A CN 111691842 A CN111691842 A CN 111691842A CN 202010569084 A CN202010569084 A CN 202010569084A CN 111691842 A CN111691842 A CN 111691842A
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China
Prior art keywords
cutting
fishing
casing
cutting knife
pump
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Pending
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CN202010569084.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孔得臣
刘刚
王刚
李祎宸
王锴
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China University of Petroleum East China
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China University of Petroleum East China
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Priority to CN202010569084.6A priority Critical patent/CN111691842A/en
Publication of CN111691842A publication Critical patent/CN111691842A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B29/00Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground
    • E21B29/002Cutting, e.g. milling, a pipe with a cutter rotating along the circumference of the pipe
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B31/00Fishing for or freeing objects in boreholes or wells
    • E21B31/12Grappling tools, e.g. tongs or grabs
    • E21B31/16Grappling tools, e.g. tongs or grabs combined with cutting or destroying means
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B31/00Fishing for or freeing objects in boreholes or wells
    • E21B31/12Grappling tools, e.g. tongs or grabs
    • E21B31/20Grappling tools, e.g. tongs or grabs gripping internally, e.g. fishing spears

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a cutting and fishing method, which utilizes a drill stem to carry out fishing, wherein the drill stem comprises a grinding shoe, a cutting knife, a centralizer, a motor, a fishing spear and an upper drilling tool assembly which are sequentially connected, and the method comprises the following steps: rotating the drill string to trigger the fishing spear and lifting the drilling tool fishing spear to fish the casing and increase the hanging weight by a preset value, starting the pump to activate the cutter and the motor to cause the cutter to cut the casing, disconnecting the fishing spear and lifting to a preset position, and rotating the drill string to trigger the fishing spear to fish the casing and pull out the drill. The cutting and fishing method reduces the time for combining and disassembling BHA tools once, and reduces the labor intensity of field operation and the occurrence of underground accidents.

Description

Cutting and fishing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling, in particular to a fishing method.
Background
With the continuous development and progress of marine oil exploration and development technology and the enhancement of the protection of marine environment, the related departments have higher and higher requirements on the cleanness of the seabed, and the exploration well after acquiring required oil deposit information, the production well for completing the exploitation life of offshore developed oil and gas fields and the like are required to be permanently abandoned so as to permanently eliminate the potential threat of the exploration and development technology to the environment. According to the regulations of Q/HS 2025-. Cutting and recovering the casing is the last process in the abandoned well and is also one of the most critical links.
Because the marine oil operation cost is high, the reasonable cutting parameters are controlled by using a proper cutting fishing tool, and the method is particularly important for cutting the recovery casing quickly and efficiently. According to the traditional method for cutting and recovering the phi 244.5mm casing, the casing is cut under the condition that a drilling tool is pressed, the drilling tool is started after the casing is cut, and then the fishing spear drilling tool is used for fishing the casing.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a cutting and fishing method which can finish two procedures of cutting and fishing by one drilling tool combination.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a cutting fishing method, using a drill string to perform fishing, wherein the drill string comprises a grinding shoe, a cutting knife, a centralizer, a motor, a fishing spear and an upper drilling tool assembly which are connected in sequence, and comprises the following steps: rotating the drill string to trigger the bailing spear and lifting the drilling tool to cause the bailing spear to catch the casing and to increase the hanging weight by a preset value, opening the pump to activate the cutter and the motor to cause the cutter to cut the casing, disengaging the bailing spear and lifting to a preset position, rotating the drill string to trigger the bailing spear to catch the casing and tripping the drill.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: and (3) performing function test on the cutting knife and the motor at the drill floor, recording the pump speed and the pump pressure when the cutting knife is completely unfolded, and taking the pump speed as the lowest pump speed for opening the cutting knife underground to perform cutting operation.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: after the cutting knife and the motor are activated by starting the pump, the pump stroke is slowly increased, and the discharge pressure and the pressure difference of the slurry pump are monitored to ensure the normal work of the cutting knife and the motor.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: when drilling down to BOP and well head, open heave compensator, rotatory drilling string drags for the lance in order to trigger to lift drilling tool so that drag for the lance and drag for the sleeve pipe, turn on pump activation cutting knife and motor, so that cutting knife cutting sleeve pipe, the monitoring hangs heavy change, whether accomplishes the sleeve pipe cutting with the judgement.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the cutting and fishing method reduces the time for combining and disassembling BHA tools in one time, reduces the labor intensity of field operation and the occurrence of downhole accidents, and improves the aging efficiency more obviously if the operation is deep water or the operation with longer recovery casing section; in the process, the pipe column cuts the casing in the over-lifting state, after the casing is cut, the drill column can obviously move upwards, whether the casing is cut or not can be judged more intuitively, conveniently, quickly and accurately, misjudgment can be avoided, repeated cutting knife descending and fishing spear descending operations caused by misjudgment generally can be avoided, and the operation error rate of engineering technicians is reduced; the pipe column cuts the casing pipe in a stretching state, and the drilling tool cannot be bent; the drilling tool on the upper part of the underground motor is not rotated, so that the abrasion to an underwater wellhead head and BOPs is reduced; because the tubular column is in the tensile state and uses the motor in the pit, reduced the instrument during cutting construction and rocked, made the operating condition of cutting blade improve, work efficiency improves, shortens the time of cutting off the sleeve pipe greatly, and has added the junk mill (besides playing the guide effect, if follow-up operation needs, the junk mill can directly be used for repairing the sleeve pipe cutting mouth, has avoided the repetition to go into the junk mill, has saved and has played the operation of drilling down one time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the cutting and fishing method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of exemplary embodiments. It should be understood, however, that elements, structures and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments without further recitation.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a cutting fishing method, which uses a drill string to perform fishing, wherein the drill string comprises a grinding shoe, a cutting knife, a centralizer, a motor, a fishing spear and an upper drilling tool assembly which are connected in sequence, and the method comprises the following steps: rotating the drill string to trigger the bailing spear and lifting the drilling tool to cause the bailing spear to catch the casing and to increase the hanging weight by a preset value, opening the pump to activate the cutter and the motor to cause the cutter to cut the casing, disengaging the bailing spear and lifting to a preset position, rotating the drill string to trigger the bailing spear to catch the casing and tripping the drill.
The cutting and fishing method reduces the time for combining and disassembling BHA tools in one time, reduces the labor intensity of field operation and the occurrence of downhole accidents, and improves the aging efficiency more obviously if the operation is deep water or the operation with longer recovery casing section; in the process, the pipe column cuts the casing in the over-lifting state, after the casing is cut, the drill column can obviously move upwards, whether the casing is cut or not can be judged more intuitively, conveniently, quickly and accurately, misjudgment can be avoided, repeated cutting knife descending and fishing spear descending operations caused by misjudgment generally can be avoided, and the operation error rate of engineering technicians is reduced; the pipe column cuts the casing pipe in a stretching state, and the drilling tool cannot be bent; the drilling tool on the upper part of the underground motor is not rotated, so that the abrasion to an underwater wellhead head and BOPs is reduced; because the tubular column is in the tensile state and uses the motor in the pit, reduced the instrument during cutting construction and rocked, made the operating condition of cutting blade improve, work efficiency improves, shortens the time of cutting off the sleeve pipe greatly, and has added the junk mill (besides playing the guide effect, if follow-up operation needs, the junk mill can directly be used for repairing the sleeve pipe cutting mouth, has avoided the repetition to go into the junk mill, has saved and has played the operation of drilling down one time.
The following takes a specific wellhead operation as an example:
the BHA of an integral phi 244.5mm casing pipe is cut and salvaged in the well operation: tapered milling shoe (guide shoe) + phi 209.6mm cutter body (containing C9-8-12 cutter arm) + phi 212.7mm centralizer + phi 165.1mm motor + phi 209.6mm fishing spear + jar knocker + drill collar + weighting drill rod + drill rod, and specific BHA is as follows.
Figure BDA0002548701810000051
The operation steps are as follows:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of performing function test on a cutting knife and a motor on a drill floor, recording the pump speed and the pump pressure when the cutting knife is completely unfolded, and taking the pump speed as the lowest pump speed for cutting operation of an underground opening tool;
(2) after the test is finished, the blade is ensured to be automatically retracted into the cutter body;
(3) checking and confirming that the cutting knife is installed correctly and is provided with a cutting knife with proper size, and confirming that all functions of the cutting knife are normal.
(4) When the cutting blade is in the cutter body, the cutting blade is checked not to protrude, and the diameter of the tool should not exceed the outer diameter of the cutter body.
(5) If the cutting blade is limited in extension, the piston stop ring and the indicator spacer ring should be checked for proper sizing.
(6) And (5) confirming that the fishing spear is in a released state, and rotating the round clamping slips to the uppermost part of the fishing position before entering the well.
(7) And (3) descending after the tools are completely assembled, opening the heave compensator when the tools pass through the BOP and the wellhead head, and using 6-1/2' drill collars and weighted drill rods for length matching and weight balancing according to actual conditions during descending.
(8) The in-process of drilling down stops the drilling rod and rotates in the slips, if the drilling rod takes place the left turn, can trigger and drag for the lance, and marine drilling down uses the iron roughneck to drill down more, can not take place to rotate basically.
(9) And after the drilling is finished, the top-connected driving left-turning drilling tool triggers the fishing spear, the drilling tool is lifted to confirm the fishing of the casing, and the lifting weight is usually increased by 20-50klbs for the weight of the cut casing section.
(10) And slowly starting the pump to activate the cutting knife and the motor, monitoring the discharge pressure and the pressure difference of the slurry pump, slowly adding the pump plunger, adjusting the parameters to the design parameters, and maintaining the parameters to complete the cutting of the casing.
(11) When the sleeve is cut off, the pressure can drop suddenly, and the hanging weight can drop; because of the heave compensation, the drilling tool can obviously move upwards to indicate that the casing pipe is cut off, and it needs to be noted here that if the casing pipe is not cut off for a long time, the state of the abrasion of the cutting knife is judged through the observation of torque parameters, if the cutting knife is seriously abraded, the drilling is required to replace the cutting knife, the currently cut casing pipe is mostly a phi 244.5mm casing pipe, the wall thickness is thinner, the rigid bottom N80 is common, and the cutting time is generally 3-5 min.
(12) When the casing pipe is confirmed to be cut off, the fishing spear is disengaged, and the fishing spear is required to be disengaged, a certain downward pressure is generally given to the fishing spear according to the actual weight of the drilling tool, so that the circular slips are disengaged from the sawtooth-shaped threads on the mandrel, the drilling tool is rotated forwards for 2-3 circles, the hanging weight of the lifting drilling tool is not increased, and the disengagement is indicated.
(13) And judging whether the cutting opening needs to be trimmed, if so, pulling out the drill only for trimming the cutting opening, rotating the grinding shoe to trim the cutting opening, and if not, pulling out the drill to the top of the phi 244.5mm sleeve joint.
(14) And (4) connecting the top to drive left rotation, starting the fishing spear, obviously increasing the lifting hanging weight, and judging that the fishing spear is hung on the sleeve.
(15) And (4) pulling out the drill until the fishing spear goes out of the well, seating a casing slip, withdrawing the fishing spear, and completing the recovery of the casing.
It is further noted that the cutting knife is a hydraulic cutting knife commonly used for offshore oil operations and comprises a top connector, a body, a piston pipe, a spring wear-resistant bush, cutting blades, a nozzle, a hinge pin and the like, drilling fluid or seawater is pumped into the hydraulic cutting knife by a high-pressure slurry pump through a water hole of a drilling tool, the piston compression spring is pushed to move downwards by the pressure drop generated by the nozzle in the piston, the three cutting blades are pushed by the lower end of the piston rod to be outwards opened to be contacted with the inner wall of a casing pipe, the opened cutting blades rotate clockwise along with the cutting drilling tool, and the casing pipe is circumferentially cut until the casing pipe is.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may apply the above modifications or changes to the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent change and change made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a cutting fishing method, uses the drilling string to salvage, and this drilling string includes mill shoe, cutting knife, centralizer, motor, drags for lance and upper portion drilling tool combination that connects gradually, its characterized in that includes following step: rotating the drill string to trigger the fishing spear and lifting the drilling tool fishing spear to fish the casing and increase the hanging weight by a preset value, starting the pump to activate the cutter and the motor to cause the cutter to cut the casing, disconnecting the fishing spear and lifting to a preset position, and rotating the drill string to trigger the fishing spear to fish the casing and pull out the drill.
2. The cutting fishing method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of: and (3) performing function test on the cutting knife and the motor at the drill floor, recording the pump speed and the pump pressure when the cutting knife is completely unfolded, and taking the pump speed as the lowest pump speed for opening the cutting knife underground to perform cutting operation.
3. A cutting fishing method according to claim 2, further comprising the steps of: after the cutting knife and the motor are activated by starting the pump, the pump stroke is slowly increased, and the discharge pressure and the pressure difference of the slurry pump are monitored to ensure the normal work of the cutting knife and the motor.
4. The cutting fishing method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of: when drilling down to BOP and well head, open heave compensator, rotatory drilling string drags for the lance in order to trigger to lift drilling tool so that drag for the lance and drag for the sleeve pipe, turn on pump activation cutting knife and motor, so that cutting knife cutting sleeve pipe, the monitoring hangs heavy change, whether accomplishes the sleeve pipe cutting with the judgement.
CN202010569084.6A 2020-06-19 2020-06-19 Cutting and fishing method Pending CN111691842A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113266289A (en) * 2021-07-06 2021-08-17 中海石油(中国)有限公司 Offshore oil and gas well riser reverse jacking recovery method
CN115162992A (en) * 2022-06-30 2022-10-11 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 Small-diameter pipe column cutting and fishing integrated fishing device and method

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201318142Y (en) * 2008-12-17 2009-09-30 新疆华油油气工程有限公司 Milling and fishing integrated tool
CN101550811A (en) * 2009-05-08 2009-10-07 深圳远东石油工具有限公司 Lifting full water depth outer suspension clutch unlock underwater well head cutting recovery combined tool
US20100006290A1 (en) * 2008-07-09 2010-01-14 Smith International, Inc. Methods of making multiple casing cuts
CN201439694U (en) * 2009-07-03 2010-04-21 大港油田集团有限责任公司 Taking and changing sleeve cutting salvage device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100006290A1 (en) * 2008-07-09 2010-01-14 Smith International, Inc. Methods of making multiple casing cuts
CN201318142Y (en) * 2008-12-17 2009-09-30 新疆华油油气工程有限公司 Milling and fishing integrated tool
CN101550811A (en) * 2009-05-08 2009-10-07 深圳远东石油工具有限公司 Lifting full water depth outer suspension clutch unlock underwater well head cutting recovery combined tool
CN201439694U (en) * 2009-07-03 2010-04-21 大港油田集团有限责任公司 Taking and changing sleeve cutting salvage device

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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阳文学等: ""深水弃井套管切割技术"", 《石油钻采工艺》 *
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113266289A (en) * 2021-07-06 2021-08-17 中海石油(中国)有限公司 Offshore oil and gas well riser reverse jacking recovery method
CN113266289B (en) * 2021-07-06 2023-09-01 中海石油(中国)有限公司 Marine oil and gas well riser anti-top recovery method
CN115162992A (en) * 2022-06-30 2022-10-11 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 Small-diameter pipe column cutting and fishing integrated fishing device and method

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Application publication date: 20200922