CN111690243A - Transparent flame-retardant PC material with frosted effect and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Transparent flame-retardant PC material with frosted effect and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN111690243A
CN111690243A CN202010407226.9A CN202010407226A CN111690243A CN 111690243 A CN111690243 A CN 111690243A CN 202010407226 A CN202010407226 A CN 202010407226A CN 111690243 A CN111690243 A CN 111690243A
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retardant
transparent flame
flame
transparent
polymethylphenylsiloxane
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CN111690243B (en
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王浩
周国剑
姜小龙
叶文琼
李中诚
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Cgn Juner New Materials Co ltd
Zhongguang Nuclear Juner Zhejiang New Materials Co ltd
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Zhongguang Nuclear Juner Zhejiang New Materials Co ltd
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L69/00Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/002Physical properties
    • C08K2201/003Additives being defined by their diameter
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00Properties
    • C08L2201/02Flame or fire retardant/resistant
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00Properties
    • C08L2201/10Transparent films; Clear coatings; Transparent materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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    • C08L2203/20Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets

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Abstract

The invention discloses a frosted transparent flame-retardant PC material, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in preparing LED lamp shells, wherein the transparent flame-retardant PC material comprises the following raw materials by weight of 100 parts: 88-95 parts of polycarbonate, 3-8 parts of inorganic silica microspheres, 0.07-0.5 part of sulfonate halogen-free flame retardant, 0.5-2 parts of polymethylphenylsiloxane, 0.01-0.1 part of fluorescent whitening agent, 0.3-1 part of antioxidant and 0.2-1 part of lubricant; inorganic dioxideCoating the silicon microspheres with stearic acid and a silane coupling agent, wherein the diameter of the silicon microspheres is 15-50 microns; the structure of polymethylphenylsiloxane is shown as the following formula (I):

Description

Transparent flame-retardant PC material with frosted effect and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polycarbonate material modification, in particular to a frosted transparent flame-retardant PC material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In the process that the LED lighting lamp is gradually accepted by the market, the material selected as the mask of the LED lamp is continuously changed, the material has high light transmittance as a premise, and has equivalent light diffusivity and good light source concealment, the effect of the lamp is improved, and the LED dazzling light source is changed into a soft and healthy light source, which is the direction in which research and development personnel are researching at present.
At first, the LED lampshade is made of ground glass, but the problems of high self weight and the like are quickly eliminated due to the fragility of the glass. Later, resin is gradually developed to replace glass, but if the transparent resin is used as the lampshade alone, although the light transmittance is high and can basically reach more than 90%, the light diffusion effect is not ideal, and the light source concealment is poor. Then, technical means such as surface sanding assistance are developed, so that the problem of light source shielding is solved, but the preparation of the surface sanding effect of the polymer resin requires precise sanding treatment on the surface of the injection mold, and the mold is extremely troublesome to maintain and high in manufacturing cost.
With the rapid development of the LED industry, light diffusion materials using acrylic (PMMA), PS, and Polycarbonate (PC) as base materials have come into play. The light diffusion material achieves the function of refracting light by adding the light diffusion agent, and further a milky lampshade material with excellent soft light effect can be obtained. Although the light diffusion material can enable the LED lamp source to generate an excellent soft light effect, the light diffusion material has a milky appearance and is not coordinated with corresponding environment decoration in some occasions, so that the decoration attractiveness is affected.
Chinese patent document CN 109082094A discloses a PC frosted resin and a preparation method thereof, and the PC frosted resin comprises the following components in parts by mass: 80-97 parts of PC resin and 3-20 parts of organic silicon microspheres. By adopting the proportion, the refractive index of the prepared PC material is improved to 1.61-1.74, the light transmittance is reduced by 5-12%, and further the light emitted by the LED lamp is softer, and the PC material has the advantages of high intensity, good toughness, simple formula, easy preparation and low cost. Chinese patent document CN 103194109 a discloses a coating, an LED lamp cover using the coating, and a PC material comprising the following composition (in mass fraction): 0.5-2.0% of spherical organic silicon micro powder, 0-5.0% of square barium sulfate and 93-99.5% of PC transparent material. However, as the shell material of the electric appliance for the LED, the above patent technologies do not consider the flame retardant related performance requirements of the material, on the other hand, the diameter control difficulty of the polymer microspheres is high and the particle size distribution is wide in the polymerization and crosslinking process of the organic silicon microspheres, so that the light transmittance and the frosting effect stability of the product are influenced, and meanwhile, the price of the organic silicon resin is also high and no advantage is provided in the material cost aspect.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the field, the invention provides the transparent flame-retardant PC material with the frosted effect, the modified PC material has high flame-retardant and transparent characteristics, and can directly generate the frosted effect after being injected into parts such as lamps and the like without frosting an injection mold.
The transparent flame-retardant PC material with the frosted effect comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight of 100 parts:
Figure BDA0002491765390000021
the inorganic silicon dioxide microspheres are coated by stearic acid and a silane coupling agent, the diameter is preferably 15-50 mu m, the particle size of the inorganic silicon dioxide microspheres is too small, the frosting effect is not obvious, the particle size is too large, and the corresponding physical and mechanical properties are too poor;
the structure of the polymethylphenylsiloxane is shown as the following formula (I):
Figure BDA0002491765390000022
wherein n is a positive integer, and m is an integer of 0 to 7.
The invention adopts specific component combination with specific content, and carries out refraction action on light through the transparent inorganic silica microspheres with larger grain diameter, thereby realizing incident light diffusion effect. In addition, aiming at the transparent flame-retardant PC material system, the surface of the inorganic silica microsphere is creatively coated with stearic acid to realize a hydrophobic effect, so that the silica is prevented from absorbing water, and the phenomenon that excessive water acts with a sulfonate halogen-free flame retardant to accelerate the molecular chain degradation of the PC material in the processing process is avoided. The invention also coats the silane coupling agent on the surface of the inorganic silicon dioxide microsphere to enhance the surface bonding force of the inorganic silicon dioxide microsphere and the PC resin matrix, thereby realizing more excellent physical and mechanical properties.
The invention also researches and discovers that the sulfonate halogen-free flame retardant and the polymethylphenylsiloxane can generate synergistic action to obviously improve the flame retardant property of the obtained PC material. The sulfonate halogen-free flame retardant is preferably sulfonate flame retardant HES-FR (SLOSS, USA).
Preferably, the mass ratio of the sulfonate halogen-free flame retardant to the polymethylphenylsiloxane is 1: 10.
The invention needs to keep the transparency of the PC resin and realize the thin-wall flame retardant property of the PC resin, so that the conventional anti-dripping agents such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and the like cannot be added. Based on the above, the melt flow rate of the polycarbonate is preferably 3-10 g/10min under the conditions of 300 ℃ and 1.2Kg, and the weight average molecular weight is preferably 3.5-5.0 ten thousand, which is beneficial to further improving the impact resistance and the flame retardant property of the obtained PC material.
Preferably, the polymethylphenylsiloxane has a molar mass of 1000 to 2000 g/mol. Tests show that in the transparent flame-retardant PC material formula system, the polymethylphenylsiloxane with the molar mass range can better play a synergistic effect with the sulfonate halogen-free flame retardant.
Preferably, the fluorescent whitening agent is 2, 5-bis- (5-tert-butyl-2-benzoxazolyl) thiophene.
Preferably, the antioxidant is a compound of antioxidant 1076 and antioxidant 168 in a weight ratio of 1: 1.
Preferably, the lubricant is at least one of calcium stearate, pentaerythritol stearate and silicone powder.
The transparent flame-retardant PC material with excellent frosting effect in all aspects can be obtained by adopting the preferable fluorescent whitening agent, the antioxidant and the lubricant and matching with the preferable specific polycarbonate, the inorganic silicon dioxide microspheres, the sulfonate halogen-free flame retardant and the polymethylphenylsiloxane.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the frosted transparent flame-retardant PC material, which comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the raw materials according to a ratio, feeding the obtained mixed material through a main feeding port of a double-screw extruder, and obtaining the frosted transparent flame-retardant PC material after extrusion, granulation and drying;
the temperature of each temperature zone from feeding to extruding and discharging of the double-screw extruder is set as follows: a first area: 225-245 ℃, two to six zones: 250-260 ℃ and seven to nine zones: 220-240 ℃ and die head: 250 to 270 ℃.
The transparent flame-retardant PC material system has the best frosting effect and transparent flame-retardant performance by matching with the preparation method (especially setting the temperature of each temperature zone).
The transparent flame-retardant PC material with the frosted effect has the characteristics of high flame retardance and transparency, and can directly generate the frosted effect after being injected into parts such as lamps and the like, the frosted treatment on an injection mold is not needed, the frosted effect is more uniform, and the related complicated production process and the production cost are greatly saved.
The invention also provides application of the frosted transparent flame-retardant PC material in preparation of LED lamp shells. The frosted transparent flame-retardant PC material is particularly suitable for preparing lamp tubes, lamp shades and the like of LED lamps.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the main advantages that: the transparent flame-retardant PC material with the frosted effect adopts a flame-retardant compound system consisting of the specially coated inorganic silica microspheres and the sulfonate halogen-free flame retardant and the polymethylsiloxane, realizes the transparent thin-wall flame retardance of the PC material, can also be directly subjected to injection molding to generate the frosted effect, does not need to be subjected to frosting treatment on an injection mold in the early stage, has simple and convenient production flow and lower cost, and is very suitable for injection molding of LED lamp shells such as lamp tubes, lamp shades and the like.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The following examples are conducted under conditions not specified, usually according to conventional conditions, or according to conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
In the following examples and comparative examples, the following brands of raw materials were specifically selected:
the polycarbonate adopts LG 1201-05, the melt flow rate is 5g/10min under the conditions of 300 ℃ and 1.2Kg, and the weight-average molecular weight is 4.5 ten thousand.
The diameter of the inorganic silicon dioxide microspheres is 15-50 μm, and three specifications of 15 μm, 30 μm and 50 μm are specifically used. And simultaneously, stearic acid and a silane coupling agent are adopted for coating treatment. The stearic acid coating is mainly used for realizing hydrophobic treatment, preventing silicon dioxide from absorbing water and avoiding the phenomenon that excessive water acts with a sulfonate halogen-free flame retardant in the processing process to accelerate the degradation of molecular chains of the PC material; the silane coupling agent is mainly used for enhancing the surface bonding force of the inorganic silicon dioxide microspheres and the PC resin matrix, so that more excellent physical and mechanical properties are realized.
The halogen-free flame retardant is sulfonate flame retardant HES-FR (SLOSS corporation, USA).
The polymethylphenylsiloxane is specifically KR480(ShinEtsu chemical) available from Nippon Beacon chemical company.
The fluorescent whitening agent is Basfer Tinopal OB.
The antioxidant is selected from a compound consisting of an antioxidant 1076 and an antioxidant 168 according to the weight ratio of 1: 1;
the lubricant is one or more of calcium stearate, pentaerythritol stearate (PETS) and silicone powder.
In the following examples and comparative examples, the addition amounts are in parts by weight unless otherwise specified, and the specific preparation process is as follows:
step 1), uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixed material;
step 2), feeding the mixed material obtained in the step 1) through a main feeding port of a double-screw extruder, wherein the temperature of each temperature zone from feeding to extrusion discharging of the double-screw extruder is set as follows: a first area: 225-245 ℃, two to six zones: 250-260 ℃ and seven to nine regions: 220-240 ℃ and die head: and (3) extruding, granulating and drying at 250-270 ℃ to obtain the composite PC material.
The test method for the performance of the composite PC material obtained in each example and each comparative example is as follows:
physical and mechanical properties: the tensile property test refers to GB/T1040.2-2006 standard, and the tensile rate is 10 mm/min; the bending property test refers to the GB/T9341-2008 standard, and the bending speed is 2 mm/min; the notch impact performance test refers to the GB/T1043.1-2008 standard; the melt flow rate refers to GB/T3682-2000, and the test condition is 300 ℃ by 1.2 kg; the flame-retardant vertical combustion test refers to the GB/T2408 + 2008 standard; the light transmittance test refers to an ASTM D1003 standard, and the thickness of a color plate is tested to be 2.5 mm; and (3) testing the frosting effect: the prepared material was injection molded on an injection molding machine (injection molding temperature: 260 ℃, 270 ℃, 280 ℃) into 2.5mm round pieces, and then the frosting effect was visually evaluated in a color matching light box.
Examples 1 to 6
The addition amounts of the raw material components of the frosted transparent flame-retardant PC materials of examples 1-6 are shown in Table 1, and the performance test results of the obtained materials are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 1
Raw materials Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6
PC1201-05 94.85 89.85 93.85 93.85 89.85 89.85
SiO2-φ15 3 8 / / / /
SiO2-φ30 / / 4 / / 4
SiO2-φ50 / / / 4 8 4
HES-FR 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
KR480 1 1 1 1 1 1
OB 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
Antioxidant agent 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
PETS 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0002491765390000061
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the flame-retardant PC material adopts the specially coated inorganic silica microspheres and the flame-retardant compound system consisting of the sulfonate halogen-free flame retardant and the polymethylsiloxane, so that the transparent thin-wall flame retardance of the PC material is realized, meanwhile, the material can be directly injected to generate a frosted effect, and the frosted treatment of an injection mold is not required in the early stage.
It is understood from comparative examples 1 and 2 that the sanding effect of injection molding is remarkably enhanced as the addition amount of the silica sanding powder is increased. It is understood from comparative examples 2,5 and 6 that the sanding effect is more remarkable and the sanding roughness is increased as the particle size of the silica sanding powder is increased.
Comparative examples 1 to 4
The purpose of comparative examples 1-4 is to study the influence of the compounding synergistic effect of PC resins with different molecular weights, sulfonate halogen-free flame retardants and polymethylsiloxane on the flame retardance and transparency of the polycarbonate composition. The addition amounts of the raw material components in comparative examples 1 to 4 are shown in Table 3, wherein PC resins 1201 to 22 are low molecular weight PCs, the weight average molecular weight is 2.8 ten thousand, the melt flow rate under the conditions of 300 ℃ and 1.2Kg is 22g/10min, and the performance test results of the obtained materials are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 3
Material Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2 Comparative example 3 Comparative example 4
PC1201-05 94.85 91.85 91.85
PC1201-22 93.85 / / /
SiO2-φ30 4 4 4 4
HES-FR 0.1 0.1 0.1 /
KR480 1 0 3 3.1
OB 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
Antioxidant agent 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
PETS 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
TABLE 4
Figure BDA0002491765390000071
It can be seen from the results of comparative example 3 and comparative example 1 that, compared with high molecular weight PC resin, after selecting low molecular weight PC1201-22 resin matrix, although the injection molding flowability of the material is improved, the notch impact performance of the material is reduced, meanwhile, the material has a dripping problem due to the 1.6mm vertical burning V-2 grade of thin wall, which indicates that the low molecular weight PC can be softened during burning due to the poor melt strength and the like, and further has a burning dripping phenomenon.
The data in the comparative example 3 and the comparative examples 2 and 4 show that the polymethylphenylsiloxane and the sulfonate halogen-free flame retardant have a synergistic effect on the flame retardant performance of the PC material, the dripping performance can be improved particularly when the thin-wall flame retardant is 1.6mm, and the flame retardant performance is obviously improved compared with the addition of each single component. Comparative example 3 increases the amount of polymethylphenylsiloxane, the impact performance of the material is enhanced to a certain degree, the haze is increased, and the frosting effect of the material can be enhanced to a certain degree, but the light transmittance of the material is reduced, so that the polymethylphenylsiloxane is beneficial to the notch impact, the flame retardant performance and the frosting effect of PC resin, but the transparency of PC is reduced due to excessive addition amount, and therefore, the addition amount of polymethylphenylsiloxane needs to be reasonably controlled in all aspects of comprehensive performance.
Comparative examples 5 to 7
The purpose of comparative examples 5 to 7 is to study the influence of silicon dioxide with different particle sizes and without hydrophobic coating on the sanding effect and the mechanical property of the material. The addition amounts of the respective raw material components in comparative examples 5 to 7 are shown in Table 5, wherein SiO2Phi 5 represents silica microspheres, SiO, with a diameter of 5 μm2Phi 80 represents silica microspheres with a diameter of 80 μm, SiO2Phi 50 represents silica microspheres not surface treated with stearic acid and the results of the resulting material property tests are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 5
Material Comparative example 5 Comparative example 6 Comparative example 7
PC1201-05 89.85 89.85 89.85
SiO2-φ5 8 / /
*SiO2-φ50 / / 8
SiO2-φ80 / 8 /
HES-FR 0.1 0.1 0.1
KR480 1 1 1
OB 0.05 0.05 0.05
Antioxidant agent 0.5 0.5 0.5
PETS 0.5 0.5 0.5
TABLE 6
Figure BDA0002491765390000091
As can be seen from the results of comparative examples 2 and 5 and comparative examples 5 and 6, when the particle size of the inorganic silica microspheres is too small, a good sanding effect is hardly produced even if the addition amount is increased; in contrast, in comparative example 6, the light transmittance of the material was affected to some extent although the frosting effect was more remarkable by using the microspheres having a large particle size. Therefore, the transparent flame-retardant PC material needs to control the particle size and the addition amount of the inorganic silica microspheres at the same time, and the technical effect required by the invention cannot be realized only by singly regulating the particle size or the addition amount. Comparative example 7 adopts silica microspheres which are not subjected to hydrophobic treatment by stearic acid, the melt flow rate of the material is greatly improved compared with that of example 5, and the flame retardant property is also reduced, because the silica microspheres which are not subjected to hydrophobic treatment absorb water greatly, excessive water can promote sulfonate halogen-free flame retardant to accelerate chain scission degradation of PC material in the high-temperature extrusion processing process, and further the impact and flame retardant properties are deteriorated.
Therefore, the modified PC material has the characteristics of high flame retardance and transparency, can directly generate a frosting effect after being injected into parts such as lamps and the like, does not need to be frosted on an injection mold, has a more uniform frosting effect compared with a frosted mold, greatly saves the related complicated production process and production cost, and is very suitable for preparing LED lamp shells such as lamp tubes, lamp shades and the like.
Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art after reading the above description of the present invention, and equivalents also fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. The transparent flame-retardant PC material with the frosted effect is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight of 100 parts:
Figure FDA0002491765380000011
the inorganic silicon dioxide microspheres are coated by stearic acid and a silane coupling agent, and the diameter of the inorganic silicon dioxide microspheres is 15-50 microns;
the structure of the polymethylphenylsiloxane is shown as the following formula (I):
Figure FDA0002491765380000012
wherein n is a positive integer, and m is an integer of 0 to 7.
2. The transparent flame-retardant PC material of claim 1, wherein the sulfonate halogen-free flame retardant and the polymethylphenylsiloxane are in a mass ratio of 1: 10.
3. The transparent flame-retardant PC material according to claim 1, wherein the polycarbonate has a melt flow rate of 3-10 g/10min at 300 ℃ and 1.2Kg and a weight average molecular weight of 3.5-5.0 ten thousand.
4. The transparent flame-retardant PC material according to claim 1, wherein the polymethylphenylsiloxane has a molar mass of 1000 to 2000 g/mol.
5. The transparent flame retardant PC material of claim 1, wherein the fluorescent whitening agent is 2, 5-bis- (5-tert-butyl-2-benzoxazolyl) thiophene.
6. The transparent flame-retardant PC material according to claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is a compound of antioxidant 1076 and antioxidant 168 in a weight ratio of 1: 1.
7. The transparent flame retardant PC material of claim 1, wherein the lubricant is at least one of calcium stearate, pentaerythritol stearate, silicone powder.
8. The preparation method of the transparent flame-retardant PC material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the raw materials are uniformly mixed according to a ratio, the obtained mixed material is fed through a main feeding port of a double-screw extruder, and the frosted transparent flame-retardant PC material is obtained after extrusion, granulation and drying;
the temperature of each temperature zone from feeding to extruding and discharging of the double-screw extruder is set as follows: a first area: 225-245 ℃, two to six zones: 250-260 ℃ and seven to nine zones: 220-240 ℃ and die head: 250 to 270 ℃.
9. Use of the transparent flame retardant PC material according to any one of claims 1-7 in the preparation of LED lamp housings.
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CN113512283A (en) * 2021-05-19 2021-10-19 深圳市圆能科技有限公司 Isolation board and isolation cover of illumination lamp comprising same
CN114805973A (en) * 2022-04-14 2022-07-29 深圳市锦昊辉实业发展有限公司 Halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin with good water resistance and preparation method thereof

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CN113512283A (en) * 2021-05-19 2021-10-19 深圳市圆能科技有限公司 Isolation board and isolation cover of illumination lamp comprising same
CN113512283B (en) * 2021-05-19 2023-03-03 深圳市圆能科技有限公司 Isolation board and isolation cover of illumination lamp comprising same
CN114805973A (en) * 2022-04-14 2022-07-29 深圳市锦昊辉实业发展有限公司 Halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin with good water resistance and preparation method thereof
CN114805973B (en) * 2022-04-14 2023-09-19 深圳市锦昊辉实业发展有限公司 Halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin with good water resistance and preparation method thereof

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