CN111688491B - Power supply automatic switching system and electric automobile - Google Patents
Power supply automatic switching system and electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN111688491B CN111688491B CN202010584181.2A CN202010584181A CN111688491B CN 111688491 B CN111688491 B CN 111688491B CN 202010584181 A CN202010584181 A CN 202010584181A CN 111688491 B CN111688491 B CN 111688491B
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- mobile power
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to an automatic power supply switching system and an electric automobile, wherein the automatic power supply switching system comprises a mobile power supply, a power battery, a detection circuit, a controller, a relay and a switching circuit, wherein the high voltage value of the power battery is higher than that of the mobile power supply; the detection circuit is used for testing the electric energy value of the mobile power supply; the controller acquires the detected electric energy value of the mobile power supply and judges whether the electric energy value of the mobile power supply is sufficient or not; the control end of the relay is connected with the controller, and the first end of a coil of the relay is connected with the power battery; one end of the switching circuit is connected with the second end of the coil of the relay, and the other end of the switching circuit is connected with the mobile power supply. The application provides an on-vehicle portable power source, when portable power source power supply is not enough or need switch power supply, but electric automobile's consumer automatic switch-over is power battery power supply, and when switching power supply, the outage condition can not appear, does not have any influence to vehicle performance.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of mobile power sources and electric automobiles, in particular to an automatic power supply switching system and an electric automobile.
Background
With the rapid development of society, automobiles become a necessary tool for people to go out, the popularization of automobiles promotes the development of human socioeconomic and modern civilization, and simultaneously brings about severe energy and environmental problems. Compared with the largest transmission automobile, the electric automobile adopts the alternating current motor as the traction motor, so that the exhaust emission is reduced. Due to the popularization of charging infrastructure, the mileage anxiety of the new energy automobile in the driving process is a technical problem which is difficult to overcome at present.
Due to the characteristics of the power supply, the air conditioner and the heater consume huge electric energy when the new energy automobile is used in northern areas, so that the endurance of the power supply is shortened rapidly. When a low-voltage power supply in a motor system of the electric automobile fails or a low-voltage power cord bundle falls off, the voltage of the low-voltage power supply is rapidly reduced, the high-voltage power supply needs to be safely powered off, and the scheme of low-voltage to high-voltage backup power supply is adopted, so that the high-voltage power supply can be switched to the backup high-voltage power supply to ensure the normal operation of the motor system when the low-voltage power supply fails. In the correlation technique, use the trailer form to increase power battery electric energy, two car install bin structures, or install power battery additional on electric automobile, but, can not realize the power switching automatically, it is extremely inconvenient to use.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an automatic power supply switching system and an electric automobile, and aims to solve the problems that in the related art, power supply switching cannot be automatically realized, and the use is extremely inconvenient.
On one hand, the embodiment of the application provides an automatic power supply switching system which comprises a mobile power supply, a power battery, a detection circuit, a controller, a relay and a switching circuit, wherein the high voltage value of the power battery is lower than that of the mobile power supply; the detection circuit is connected with the mobile power supply and used for testing the electric energy value of the mobile power supply; the controller acquires the detected electric energy value of the mobile power supply, compares the electric energy value with a preset electric energy value and judges whether the electric energy value of the mobile power supply is sufficient or not; the control end of the relay is connected with the controller, and the first end of a coil of the relay is connected with the power battery; one end of the switching circuit is connected with the second end of the coil of the relay, the other end of the switching circuit is connected with the mobile power supply, when the electric energy value of the mobile power supply is insufficient, the controller controls the relay to be conducted, and the switching circuit is switched to the power battery to supply power to the electric equipment; when the electric energy value of the mobile power supply is sufficient, the controller controls the relay to be disconnected, and the switching circuit is switched to the mobile power supply to supply power to the electric equipment.
In some embodiments, the switching circuit comprises a first MOS transistor, a second MOS transistor and an amplifier, the first MOS transistor has an input end connected to the second end of the coil of the relay, and an output end connected to the consumer; the input end of the second MOS tube is connected with the mobile power supply, and the output end of the second MOS tube is connected with the output end of the first MOS tube and the electric equipment; the positive phase input end of the amplifier is connected with the second end of the coil of the relay, the negative phase input end of the amplifier is connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube, and the output end of the amplifier is connected with the grid electrode of the second MOS tube.
In some embodiments, the first MOS transistor is an NMOS transistor or a PMOS transistor.
In some embodiments, the second MOS transistor is a PMOS transistor.
In some embodiments, the mobile power supply is a multi-module power supply.
In some embodiments, the powered device includes an air conditioner, a PTC, a 12v battery, power steering, and an electronic brake.
In some embodiments, the power battery is detachably mounted in the automobile.
In some embodiments, the power battery is a rechargeable battery, an output end of the charging circuit is connected with the power battery, and an input end of the charging circuit is connected with the power supply.
In some embodiments, the mobile power source comprises a nickel-chromium power source, a lithium ion battery.
On the other hand, the application also provides an electric automobile which comprises the power supply automatic switching system.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes: in the driving process, the electric energy consumed by other electric equipment can be provided by a mobile power supply, namely a standby power supply, so that the cruising ability of the electric automobile is greatly improved. When the power supply of the mobile power supply is insufficient or the power supply needs to be switched, the electric equipment of the electric automobile can be automatically switched to be supplied with power by the power battery, and the power failure condition can not occur when the power supply is switched, so that the use performance of the automobile is not influenced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of a vehicle-mounted mobile power supply provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a functional block diagram of a vehicle-mounted mobile power supply according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for switching power supply modes of a vehicle-mounted mobile power supply according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a switching circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a switching circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating various implementation manners of an electric device of the automatic power supply switching system according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structural arrangement of a power battery and a mounting box of a mobile power supply in an electric vehicle;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the mobile power supply in the installation box.
In the figure: VCC1, mobile power supply; 20. a detection circuit; 30. a controller; m, a relay; s, an amplifier; VDD, powered device; 50. a switching circuit; VCC2, power battery; 70. a charging circuit; PMOS1, first PMOS pipe; PMOS2, second PMOS pipe; 80. and (5) installing a box.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The embodiment of the application provides an automatic power supply switching system and an electric automobile, and aims to solve the problems that in the related art, power supply switching cannot be automatically realized, and the use is extremely inconvenient.
In one aspect, please refer to fig. 1 and fig. 3, an embodiment of the present application provides an automatic power supply switching system, which includes a mobile power source VCC1, a power battery VCC2, a detection circuit 20, a controller 30, a relay M, and a switching circuit 50, wherein a high voltage value of the power battery VCC2 is lower than a high voltage value of the mobile power source VCC 1; the detection circuit 20 is connected with the mobile power supply VCC1 and is used for testing the electric energy value of the mobile power supply VCC 1; the controller 30 acquires the detected electric energy value of the mobile power supply VCC1, compares the electric energy value with a preset electric energy value, and judges whether the electric energy value of the mobile power supply VCC1 is sufficient; the control end of the relay M is connected with the controller 30, and the first end of the coil of the relay M is connected with a power battery VCC 2; one end of the switching circuit 50 is connected with the second end of the coil of the relay M, the other end of the switching circuit is connected with the mobile power supply VCC1, when the electric energy value of the mobile power supply VCC1 is insufficient, the controller 30 controls the relay M to be conducted, and the switching circuit 50 is switched to the power battery VCC2 to supply power to the electric equipment VDD; when the electric energy value of the mobile power source VCC1 is sufficient, the controller 30 controls the relay M to be turned off, and the switching circuit 50 switches to the mobile power source VCC1 to supply power to the electric device VDD.
In the driving process, the electric energy consumed by other electric equipment VDD can be provided by a mobile power supply VCC1, namely a standby power supply, so that the cruising ability of the electric automobile is greatly improved. When the power supply of the mobile power supply VCC1 is insufficient or the power supply needs to be switched, the power consumption device VDD of the electric automobile can be automatically switched to the power battery VCC2 for power supply, and the power failure condition can not occur when the power supply is switched, and the use performance of the automobile is not affected.
In another technical solution, the switching circuit 50 includes a first MOS transistor, a second MOS transistor and an amplifier S, a positive phase input terminal of the amplifier S is connected to the relay M, a negative phase input terminal of the amplifier S is connected to a gate of the first MOS transistor, an output terminal of the amplifier S is connected to a gate of the second MOS transistor, an input terminal of the first MOS transistor is connected to a connection node of the amplifier S and the relay M, an output terminal of the first MOS transistor is connected to an output terminal of the second MOS transistor, an input terminal of the second MOS transistor is connected to the mobile power source VCC1, an output terminal of the first MOS transistor is connected to an output terminal of the second MOS transistor, and the power device VDD is connected to a node of an output terminal of the first MOS transistor and an output terminal of the second MOS transistor.
As mentioned above, the amplifier S is used to perform a boosting or a dropping function.
As described above, according to the present application, the switching circuits 50 are each provided with a MOS transistor to prevent the power battery VCC2 from flowing back into the mobile power supply VCC1, which may cause a danger.
Through setting up two MOS pipes, compare in adopting single MOS pipe to add the device that the high backup power supply function was changed to the low pressure to the diode realization, can effectively avoid the emergence of the dangerous condition of high temperature easily sent out of diode high current voltage.
In another technical solution, please refer to fig. 4, the first MOS transistor is an NMOS transistor, and the second MOS transistor is a PMOS transistor.
When the mobile power supply VCC1 is connected, the detection circuit 20 detects the electric energy value of the mobile power supply VCC1, the controller 30 obtains the detected electric energy value, compares the detected electric energy value with a preset electric energy value, and judges whether the electric energy of the mobile power supply VCC1 is sufficient, when the electric energy of the mobile power supply VCC1 is sufficient, the controller 30 controls the relay M to be switched off, the voltage of a control electrode G of the PMOS tube is 0V, the input voltage of the S electrode of the PMOS tube is the voltage U3 of the mobile power supply VCC1, the PMOS tube is switched on, and the PMOS tube outputs the electric energy to the power consumption device VDD through the D electrode.
When the mobile power supply VCC1 is insufficient in power or the power supply needs to be switched, the controller 30 controls the relay M to be switched on, at this time, the S pole input voltage of the NMOS tube is the power battery VCC2 voltage U1, the G pole voltage of the NMOS tube control pole is the voltage U2 amplified by the amplifier S, the NMOS tube is switched on, meanwhile, the G pole voltage of the PMOS tube control pole is the power battery VCC2 voltage U1, the S pole input voltage of the PMOS tube is the mobile power supply VCC1 voltage U3, the PMOS tube is switched off, and the power battery VCC2 outputs power to the power consumption device VDD through the D pole of the NMOS tube.
In another technical solution, referring to fig. 5, the first MOS transistor is a first PMOS transistor PMOS1, and the second MOS transistor is a second PMOS transistor PMOS 2.
When the mobile power supply VCC1 is accessed, the detection circuit 20 detects the electric energy value of the mobile power supply VCC1, the controller 30 obtains the detected electric energy value, compares the detected electric energy value with a preset electric energy value, and judges whether the electric energy of the mobile power supply VCC1 is sufficient, when the electric energy of the mobile power supply VCC1 is sufficient, the controller 30 controls the relay M to be disconnected, at this time, the voltage of a control electrode G1 of a PMOS1 tube is 0V, the input voltage of an S1 electrode of the PMOS1 tube is the voltage U3 of the mobile power supply VCC1, the PMOS1 tube is connected, and the electric energy is output to the power equipment VDD through a D1 electrode.
When the electric energy of the mobile power supply VCC1 is insufficient or the power supply needs to be switched, the controller 30 controls the relay M to be switched on, at this time, the input voltage of the S2 pole of the PMOS2 tube is the voltage U1 of the power battery VCC2, the voltage of the G2 pole of the PMOS2 tube is the voltage U2 reduced by the amplifier S, the PMOS2 tube is switched on, meanwhile, the voltage of the G1 pole of the PMOS1 tube is the voltage U1 of the power battery VCC2, the input voltage of the S1 pole of the PMOS1 tube is the voltage U3 of the mobile power supply VCC1, the PMOS tube is switched off, and the power battery VCC2 outputs the electric energy to the power equipment VDD through the D2 pole of the PMOS tube.
In the driving process, the electric energy consumed by other electric equipment VDD can be provided by a mobile power supply VCC1, namely a standby power supply, so that the cruising ability of the electric automobile is greatly improved. When the power supply of the mobile power supply VCC1 is insufficient or needs to be switched, the power supply of the power battery VCC2 can be automatically switched to the power consumption equipment VDD of the electric automobile, and when the power supply is switched, the power failure condition can not occur, the high-temperature danger condition of high current and voltage can not occur, and the use performance of the automobile is not affected.
In another technical scheme, power supply automatic switching system still includes first power supply automatic switching system and second power supply automatic switching system, be used for testing portable power source VCC1 and power battery VCC 2's temperature respectively, the control end of first power supply automatic switching system and second power supply automatic switching system all is connected with controller 30, when portable power source VCC 1's operating temperature exceeded the safe temperature value, controller 30 control relay M switches on, switching circuit 50 switches to power battery VCC2 and supplies power for electric equipment VDD, when power battery VCC 2's operating temperature exceeded the safe temperature value, controller 30 control relay M breaks off, switching circuit 50 switches to power battery VCC2 and supplies power for electric equipment VDD.
In another technical scheme, the mobile power supply VCC1 is a power supply composed of multiple modules, and the power supply efficiency is higher.
In another technical solution, referring to fig. 6, the electric devices VDD include an air conditioner, a PTC, a 12v battery, a power steering, an electronic brake, and other electric devices, and are implemented to supply power to the plurality of electric devices VDD in the electric vehicle.
In another technical scheme, please refer to fig. 7, power battery VCC2 detachably installs in the car, conveniently will power battery VCC2 is demolishd from electric automobile, specifically, power battery VCC2 places in portable power source VCC 1's install-box, when dismouting power battery VCC2, it is more convenient.
In another technical scheme, please refer to fig. 8, the installation box is placed at a trunk position of the electric vehicle, and the installation box is light and can be easily removed. When the electric automobile needs to increase the endurance mileage, the installation box is installed at the trunk, and the mobile power supply VCC1 can be taken out of the installation box and carried to the charging position for charging. When the electric automobile has no endurance requirement, the installation box can be taken out of the trunk, and the installation box is placed at a safe position, so that the electric automobile is practical, convenient, safe and reliable.
In another technical solution, please refer to fig. 2, the automatic power supply switching system according to the embodiment of the present application further includes a charging circuit 70, the power battery VCC2 is a rechargeable battery, an output terminal of the charging circuit 70 is connected to the power battery VCC2, and an input terminal of the charging circuit 70 is connected to a power supply.
In another technical solution, the mobile power source VCC1 includes a nichrome power source and a lithium ion battery.
Specifically, the mobile power supply VCC1 is provided with a charging port, and can be charged through the outside or simultaneously with the power battery VCC 2.
On the other hand, the present application also provides an electric vehicle, please refer to fig. 7, which includes the above-mentioned automatic power supply switching system.
In the driving process, the electric energy consumed by other electric equipment VDD in the electric automobile can be provided by the mobile power supply VCC1, and the cruising ability of the electric automobile is greatly improved. When the power supply of the mobile power supply VCC1 is insufficient or needs to be switched, the power supply of the power battery VCC2 can be automatically switched to the power consumption equipment VDD of the electric automobile, and the power supply can be switched without power failure and high-temperature danger of high current and voltage, and the use performance of the automobile is not affected.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
It is noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. An automatic power supply switching system, comprising:
a mobile power supply (VCC 1);
a power battery (VCC2) having a high voltage value higher than that of the mobile power supply (VCC 1);
the detection circuit (20) is connected with the mobile power supply (VCC1) and is used for testing the electric energy value of the mobile power supply (VCC 1);
a controller (30) which acquires the electric energy value of the mobile power supply (VCC1) obtained by the detection circuit (20), compares the electric energy value with a preset electric energy value and judges whether the electric energy value of the mobile power supply (VCC1) is sufficient or not;
a relay (M) with a control end connected with the controller (30) and a first coil end connected with a power battery (VCC 2);
the switching circuit (50) is connected with the second end of the coil of the relay (M) at one end and connected with the mobile power supply (VCC1) at the other end, when the electric energy value of the mobile power supply (VCC1) is insufficient, the controller (30) controls the relay (M) to be conducted, and the switching circuit (50) is switched to the power battery (VCC2) to supply power to the electric equipment (VDD); when the electric energy value of the mobile power supply (VCC1) is sufficient, the controller (30) controls the relay (M) to be disconnected, and the switching circuit (50) is switched to the mobile power supply (VCC1) to supply power to the electric equipment (VDD); the switching circuit (50) comprises:
the input end of the first MOS tube is connected with the second end of the coil of the relay (M), and the output end of the first MOS tube is connected with the power utilization equipment (VDD);
the input end of the second MOS tube is connected with a mobile power supply (VCC1), and the output end of the second MOS tube is connected with the output end of the first MOS tube and the power consumption device (VDD);
and the non-inverting input end of the amplifier (S) is connected with the second end of the coil of the relay (M), the inverting input end of the amplifier (S) is connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube, and the output end of the amplifier (S) is connected with the grid electrode of the second MOS tube.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the first MOS transistor is an NMOS transistor or a PMOS transistor.
3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the second MOS transistor is a PMOS transistor.
4. The system according to claim 1, wherein said mobile power supply (VCC1) is a multi-mode power supply.
5. The power supply automatic switching system according to claim 1, wherein the power consuming devices (VDD) include an air conditioner, a PTC, a 12v battery, a power steering, and an electronic brake.
6. The power supply automatic switching system according to claim 1, wherein said power battery (VCC2) is detachably mounted in an automobile.
7. The system according to claim 6, further comprising a charging circuit (70), wherein the power battery (VCC2) is a rechargeable battery, an output terminal of the charging circuit (70) is connected to the power battery (VCC2), and an input terminal of the charging circuit (70) is connected to a power supply.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein said mobile power supply (VCC1) comprises a nichrome power supply, a lithium ion battery.
9. An electric vehicle characterized by comprising the automatic power supply switching system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010584181.2A CN111688491B (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Power supply automatic switching system and electric automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010584181.2A CN111688491B (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Power supply automatic switching system and electric automobile |
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| CN111688491A CN111688491A (en) | 2020-09-22 |
| CN111688491B true CN111688491B (en) | 2022-02-15 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FR2861338B1 (en) * | 2003-10-22 | 2006-02-24 | Groupe Henri Heuliez | ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM OF A TWO BATTERY ELECTRIC MOTOR VEHICLE |
| CN108736562A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2018-11-02 | 北京凌云智能科技有限公司 | The method and apparatus of battery switching and the switching system and method for power supply circuit |
| CN209389739U (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-09-13 | 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 | Power control circuit and vehicle-mounted mobile power control system |
| CN110943533A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-03-31 | 深圳市几米物联有限公司 | Dual-power supply switching system of portable equipment |
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