CN111687508A - Method for repairing stainless steel porous element by adopting brazing material - Google Patents
Method for repairing stainless steel porous element by adopting brazing material Download PDFInfo
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- CN111687508A CN111687508A CN202010518302.3A CN202010518302A CN111687508A CN 111687508 A CN111687508 A CN 111687508A CN 202010518302 A CN202010518302 A CN 202010518302A CN 111687508 A CN111687508 A CN 111687508A
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- stainless steel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for repairing a stainless steel porous element by adopting a brazing material, which comprises the following steps of weighing a proper amount of a nickel-based alloy brazing material BNi82 CrSiB; mixing a solvent and a binder to obtain a mixed solution, adding a nickel-based alloy brazing material, uniformly stirring to obtain brazing paste, and filling the brazing paste into an injector; wiping the stainless steel element clean by using alcohol, injecting the paste in the injector into the hole defect area of the stainless steel element, uniformly coating, and scraping redundant brazing paste; drying the brazing paste on the stainless steel element; and (3) placing the dried stainless steel element in a vacuum furnace for brazing treatment, cutting off the power after the brazing treatment is finished, filling argon for protection when the stainless steel element is cooled to 450 ℃, opening a fan when the stainless steel element is cooled to 350 ℃, and discharging the stainless steel element after the stainless steel element is cooled to below 45 ℃ to obtain the repaired stainless steel element. The problem of stainless steel component form great defect hole easily at filtering surface and welding seam department is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of brazing, in particular to a method for repairing a stainless steel porous element by adopting a brazing material.
Background
The stainless steel porous material is a commonly used filtering-separating material, and is formed into a stainless steel element through the working procedures of forming, sintering, welding, assembling and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of petroleum, chemical engineering, medicines and the like. As the stainless steel porous material has the problems of inclusion leak, unevenness or poor welding and the like in the forming process, larger defect holes are easily formed at the filtering surface and the welding line of the stainless steel element, the defect is usually treated by waste products because the requirement of filtering precision cannot be met, and a large hole defect is not allowed for some products with special requirements, so the rejection rate even reaches more than 30 percent, thereby not only causing great waste, but also delaying the construction period. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a material and method for repairing the defect of large pores in stainless steel components.
Brazing is a welding method in which a brazing filler metal is heated to a melting point to form a molten pool, and the molten pool is filled into a gap by capillary action, thereby joining metals. Can be used for welding of compact pieces or porous materials. The patent publication No. CN108127290A of brazing material for welding porous material and application thereof adopts Cu-Ni-Si-Mn-B-Mo alloy brazing filler metal to be bonded with solvent, thickening agent, rheological agent and the like to form paste, and sintering-brazing assembly of the powder metallurgy porous material is realized after filling and sintering. However, this method is directed to the welding of low-porosity iron-based parts prepared by powder metallurgy, and is not suitable for porous filter element materials with high porosity for filtration, especially for stainless steel materials with large pore diameter, and the copper-based brazing material can reduce the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel porous material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for repairing a stainless steel porous element by adopting a brazing material, which solves the problems that a stainless steel element is easy to form larger defective holes on a filtering surface and a welding seam, the yield is low and raw materials are wasted.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is a method for repairing a stainless steel porous element by adopting a brazing material, which is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, weighing a proper amount of nickel-based alloy brazing material BNi82 CrSiB;
step 2, mixing a solvent and a binder according to the ratio of 5-8: 1 to obtain a mixed solution, mixing the mixed solution and a nickel-based alloy brazing material according to a mass ratio of 20-30: 1, uniformly stirring to obtain brazing paste, and filling the brazing paste into an injector;
step 3, wiping the stainless steel element clean by alcohol, injecting the paste in the injector into the hole defect area of the stainless steel element, uniformly coating, and scraping redundant brazing paste;
step 4, drying the brazing paste on the stainless steel element;
and 5, placing the dried stainless steel element in a vacuum furnace for brazing treatment, cutting off the power after the brazing treatment is finished, filling argon for protection when the stainless steel element is cooled to 450 ℃, opening a fan when the stainless steel element is cooled to 350 ℃, and discharging the stainless steel element after the stainless steel element is cooled to below 45 ℃ to obtain the repaired stainless steel element.
The technical scheme of the invention is also characterized in that:
the particle size of the nickel-based alloy brazing material is 5-40 mu m.
The solvent is any one of deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and ethylene glycol.
The binder is any one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose and polyvinylpyrrolidone.
The stainless steel element is a stainless steel sintered porous wire mesh, a stainless steel sintered fiber felt or a stainless steel powder sintered element.
In the step 4, the drying temperature is 50-120 ℃.
In step 5, the vacuum degree of the vacuum furnace before temperature rise is 2 × 10-2Pa, the heating rate is 7-10 ℃/min; the temperature of the brazing treatment is controlled to be 1050-1150 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 0.5-1 h.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method for repairing the stainless steel porous element by adopting the brazing material can effectively repair the defect of macropore of the stainless steel element, the repaired stainless steel element can completely meet the use requirement, the yield of the stainless steel element is improved to more than 95%, and remarkable economic benefit is generated;
(2) the invention relates to a method for repairing a stainless steel porous element by adopting a brazing material, which adopts a vacuum brazing technology, wherein the brazing repairing material is uniformly added to a macroporous defect part of a stainless steel element, and is heated by a vacuum furnace to be infiltrated and melted with a matrix stainless steel porous element into a whole, so that the macroporous defect in the stainless steel element is filled, and various performances of the stainless steel element are not influenced; the method for repairing the stainless steel porous element by adopting the brazing material has good repair welding effect, effectively solves the problem of large hole defects generated in the machining and manufacturing process of the stainless steel porous element, improves the yield of the stainless steel element and creates good economic benefit.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The invention relates to a method for repairing a stainless steel porous element by adopting a brazing material, which is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, weighing a proper amount of nickel-based alloy brazing material BNi82 CrSiB; wherein the particle size of the nickel-based alloy brazing material is 5-40 mu m;
the invention applies nickel-based solder, pure nickel has high melting point (1452 ℃), in order to reduce the melting temperature, elements (such as boron and silicon) which form eutectic with nickel and elements (such as chromium and manganese) which form fusible solid liquid are often added, and after the elements are added, other properties of the nickel-based solder, such as wettability, corrosion resistance and heat resistance, are affected differently; the high-temperature strength of the nickel-based brazing filler metal is improved along with the increase of chromium and manganese; boron can improve the wettability of the nickel-based brazing filler metal;
step 2, mixing a solvent and a binder according to the ratio of 5-8: 1 to obtain a mixed solution, and mixing the mixed solution and the nickel-based alloy brazing material according to a mass ratio of 20-30: 1, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain brazing paste, and filling the brazing paste into an injector;
wherein the injector is a medical injector
The solvent is any one of deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and ethylene glycol; the binder is any one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose and polyvinylpyrrolidone;
the configuration principle is as follows:
the adhesive is easy to volatilize in the heating process, does not contain harmful residues, has low volatilization temperature, and does not react with the nickel-based brazing filler metal after volatilization at the temperature of below 600 ℃; substances polluting the environment, human bodies and equipment are not generated in the brazing heating process; the solvent is dissolved with the adhesive, and solutions with different viscosities can be prepared;
step 3, wiping the stainless steel element clean by alcohol, removing impurities, injecting paste in the injector into a hole defect area of the stainless steel element, uniformly coating, and scraping redundant brazing paste;
step 4, drying the brazing paste on the stainless steel element; wherein the drying temperature is 50-120 ℃ and is used for removing the solvent;
step 5, placing the dried stainless steel element in a vacuum furnace for brazing treatment, cutting off the power after the brazing treatment is finished, filling argon for protection when the stainless steel element is cooled to 450 ℃, opening a fan when the stainless steel element is cooled to 350 ℃, and discharging the stainless steel element after the stainless steel element is cooled to below 45 ℃ to obtain a repaired stainless steel element;
wherein the vacuum degree of the vacuum furnace before temperature rise is 2 × 10-2Pa, the heating rate is 7-10 ℃/min; controlling the temperature of the brazing treatment to be 1050-1150 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 0.5-1 h; the stainless steel element is a stainless steel sintered porous wire mesh, a stainless steel sintered fiber felt or a stainless steel powder sintered element.
The brazing principle is as follows:
the brazing of the invention is to adopt a metal material with a melting point lower than that of the stainless steel porous element as a brazing filler metal, namely the nickel-based brazing filler metal, heat the stainless steel porous element and the nickel-based brazing filler metal to a temperature higher than the melting point of the nickel-based brazing filler metal and lower than the melting point of the stainless steel porous element, at the moment, the nickel-based brazing filler metal melts and infiltrates the stainless steel porous element, the liquid nickel-based brazing filler metal fills the pores of the stainless steel porous element by virtue of the action of a capillary tube, so that the nickel-based brazing filler metal and the stainless steel porous element are mutually dissolved and infiltrated to form an alloy layer, and the macroporous defects of the stainless steel porous material.
Example 1
A method of repairing a stainless steel porous element with a brazing material:
(1) weighing a nickel-based alloy brazing material BNi82CrSiB with the particle size of 5-40 mu m;
(2) deionized water and sodium carboxymethylcellulose were mixed as 5:1 to obtain a mixed solution, and mixing the mixed solution and the nickel-based alloy brazing material according to a mass ratio of 30:1, stirring for 30min to be uniform to obtain brazing paste, and filling the brazing paste into an injector;
(3) wiping the stainless steel porous element clean by using alcohol, removing impurities, injecting paste in the injector into a hole defect area of the stainless steel porous element, uniformly coating, and scraping redundant brazing paste;
(4) drying the brazing paste on the stainless steel porous element at 100 ℃ for removing the solvent;
(5) placing the dried stainless steel porous element in a vacuum furnace for brazing treatment, preserving heat for 1h at 1150 ℃, cutting off the power after the heat preservation is finished, filling argon for protection when the temperature is cooled to 450 ℃, opening a fan when the temperature is cooled to 350 ℃, and discharging the stainless steel porous element after the stainless steel porous element is cooled to below 45 ℃ to obtain a repaired stainless steel element;
wherein the vacuum degree of the vacuum furnace before temperature rise is 2 × 10-2Pa, the heating rate is 8 ℃/min; the stainless steel porous element is a stainless steel sintered porous wire mesh.
Example 2
A method of repairing a stainless steel porous element with a brazing material:
(1) weighing a nickel-based alloy brazing material BNi82CrSiB with the particle size of 5-40 mu m;
(2) mixing ethylene glycol and polyvinylpyrrolidone according to the proportion of 6: 1 to obtain a mixed solution, and mixing the mixed solution and the nickel-based alloy brazing material according to a mass ratio of 30:1, stirring for 30min to be uniform to obtain brazing paste, and filling the brazing paste into an injector;
(3) wiping the stainless steel porous element clean by using alcohol, removing impurities, injecting paste in the injector into a hole defect area of the stainless steel porous element, uniformly coating, and scraping redundant brazing paste;
(4) drying the brazing paste on the stainless steel porous element at 50 ℃ for removing the solvent;
(5) placing the dried stainless steel porous element in a vacuum furnace for brazing treatment, preserving heat for 0.5h at 1050 ℃, cutting off the power after finishing the heat preservation, filling argon for protection when cooling to 450 ℃, opening a fan when cooling to 350 ℃, discharging the stainless steel porous element after cooling to below 45 ℃ and obtaining the repaired stainless steel element;
wherein the vacuum degree of the vacuum furnace before temperature rise is 2 × 10-2Pa, the heating rate is 9 ℃/min; the stainless steel porous element is a stainless steel sintered fiber felt.
Example 3
A method of repairing a stainless steel porous element with a brazing material:
(1) weighing a nickel-based alloy brazing material BNi82CrSiB with the particle size of 5-40 mu m;
(2) deionized water and polyvinylpyrrolidone are mixed according to the weight ratio of 6: 1 to obtain a mixed solution, mixing the mixed solution and the nickel-based alloy brazing material according to the mass ratio of 20:1, stirring for 30min to be uniform to obtain brazing paste, and filling the brazing paste into an injector;
(3) wiping the stainless steel porous element clean by using alcohol, removing impurities, injecting paste in the injector into a hole defect area of the stainless steel porous element, uniformly coating, and scraping redundant brazing paste;
(4) drying the brazing paste on the stainless steel porous element at 110 ℃ for removing the solvent;
(5) placing the dried stainless steel porous element in a vacuum furnace for brazing treatment, preserving heat for 40min at 1100 ℃, cutting off the power after the heat preservation is finished, filling argon for protection when the temperature is cooled to 450 ℃, opening a fan when the temperature is cooled to 350 ℃, and discharging the stainless steel porous element after the temperature is cooled to below 45 ℃ to obtain a repaired stainless steel element;
wherein the vacuum degree of the vacuum furnace before temperature rise is 2 × 10-2Pa, the heating rate is 7 ℃/min; the stainless steel porous element is a stainless steel powder sintered element.
Example 4
A method of repairing a stainless steel porous element with a brazing material:
(1) weighing a nickel-based alloy brazing material BNi82CrSiB with the particle size of 5-40 mu m;
(2) deionized water and hydroxyethyl cellulose were mixed as 8: 1 to obtain a mixed solution, mixing the mixed solution and the nickel-based alloy brazing material according to the mass ratio of 25:1, stirring for 30min to be uniform to obtain brazing paste, and filling the brazing paste into an injector;
(3) wiping the stainless steel porous element clean by using alcohol, removing impurities, injecting paste in the injector into a hole defect area of the stainless steel porous element, uniformly coating, and scraping redundant brazing paste;
(4) drying the brazing paste on the stainless steel porous element at 120 ℃ for removing the solvent;
(5) placing the dried stainless steel porous element in a vacuum furnace for brazing treatment, preserving heat at 1080 ℃ for 50min, cutting off the power after the heat preservation is finished, filling argon for protection when the temperature is cooled to 450 ℃, opening a fan when the temperature is cooled to 350 ℃, and discharging the stainless steel porous element after the temperature is cooled to below 45 ℃ to obtain a repaired stainless steel element;
wherein the vacuum degree of the vacuum furnace before temperature rise is 2 × 10-2Pa, the heating rate is 8 ℃/min; the stainless steel porous element is a stainless steel sintered fiber felt.
Example 5
A method of repairing a stainless steel porous element with a brazing material:
(1) weighing a nickel-based alloy brazing material BNi82CrSiB with the particle size of 5-40 mu m;
(2) mixing anhydrous ethanol and polyvinylpyrrolidone according to the weight ratio of 5:1 to obtain a mixed solution, mixing the mixed solution and the nickel-based alloy brazing material according to the mass ratio of 22:1, stirring for 30min to be uniform to obtain brazing paste, and filling the brazing paste into an injector;
(3) wiping the stainless steel porous element clean by using alcohol, removing impurities, injecting paste in the injector into a hole defect area of the stainless steel porous element, uniformly coating, and scraping redundant brazing paste;
(4) drying the brazing paste on the stainless steel porous element at 70 ℃ for removing the solvent;
(5) placing the dried stainless steel porous element in a vacuum furnace for brazing treatment, preserving heat for 1h at 1130 ℃, cutting off the power after the heat preservation is finished, filling argon for protection when the temperature is cooled to 450 ℃, opening a fan when the temperature is cooled to 350 ℃, and discharging the stainless steel porous element after the temperature is cooled to below 45 ℃ to obtain a repaired stainless steel element;
wherein the vacuum degree of the vacuum furnace before temperature rise is 2 × 10-2Pa, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min; the stainless steel porous element is a stainless steel sintered porous wire mesh.
And (3) experimental verification:
the basic properties of the stainless steel porous members of examples 1 to 5 before and after brazing were measured and shown in Table 1. The performance test is carried out by adopting a test means known in the field, the compressive strength test is carried out according to the method in the appendix A of GB/T6886, and the maximum aperture test is carried out according to the national standard GB/T5249-2013.
TABLE 1 basic Properties of stainless Steel porous elements before and after brazing in examples 1-5
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the performance of the stainless steel porous element after brazing, the maximum pore size can be significantly reduced by uniformly applying the brazing paste to the large pore defects of the stainless steel porous element by using the vacuum brazing technique, and the mechanical properties of the stainless steel porous element can be satisfied without reducing the material strength of the stainless steel porous element.
Claims (7)
1. A method for repairing a stainless steel porous element by adopting a brazing material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, weighing a proper amount of nickel-based alloy brazing material BNi82 CrSiB;
step 2, mixing a solvent and a binder according to the ratio of 5-8: 1 to obtain a mixed solution, and mixing the mixed solution and the nickel-based alloy brazing material according to a mass ratio of 20-30: 1, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain brazing paste, and filling the brazing paste into an injector;
step 3, wiping the stainless steel porous element clean by alcohol, injecting the paste in the injector into the hole defect area of the stainless steel porous element, uniformly coating the paste, and scraping redundant brazing paste;
step 4, drying the brazing paste on the stainless steel porous element;
and 5, placing the dried stainless steel porous element in a vacuum furnace for brazing treatment, cutting off the power after the brazing treatment is finished, filling argon for protection when the stainless steel porous element is cooled to 450 ℃, opening a fan when the stainless steel porous element is cooled to 350 ℃, and discharging the stainless steel porous element after the stainless steel porous element is cooled to below 45 ℃ to obtain the repaired stainless steel element.
2. The method for repairing a stainless steel porous element by using a brazing material according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the nickel-based alloy brazing material is 5-40 μm.
3. The method for repairing a stainless steel porous element by using a brazing material according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is any one of deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and ethylene glycol.
4. The method for repairing a stainless steel porous element by using a brazing material according to claim 1, wherein the binder is any one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose and polyvinylpyrrolidone.
5. The method of repairing a stainless steel porous element with a brazing material of claim 1, wherein the stainless steel element is a stainless steel sintered porous wire mesh, a stainless steel sintered fiber mat, or a stainless steel powder sintered element.
6. The method for repairing a stainless steel porous element by using a brazing material according to claim 1, wherein the drying temperature in the step 4 is 50-120 ℃.
7. The method for repairing a stainless steel porous element by using a brazing material according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5, the vacuum degree before the temperature rise of the vacuum furnace is 2 × 10-2Pa, the heating rate is 7-10 ℃/min; the temperature of the brazing treatment is controlled to be 1050-1150 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 0.5-1 h.
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| CN114941137A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-26 | 湘潭大学 | Preparation of stainless steel porous membrane and method for connecting stainless steel porous membrane with stainless steel pipe |
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| CN114941137B (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2024-01-23 | 湘潭大学 | Preparation of stainless steel porous membrane and method for connecting stainless steel porous membrane with stainless steel pipe |
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| CN111687508B (en) | 2022-03-25 |
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