CN111687374A - Water glass reclaimed sand and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water glass reclaimed sand and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111687374A CN111687374A CN202010644012.3A CN202010644012A CN111687374A CN 111687374 A CN111687374 A CN 111687374A CN 202010644012 A CN202010644012 A CN 202010644012A CN 111687374 A CN111687374 A CN 111687374A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/02—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives
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Abstract
The water glass reclaimed sand comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of water glass, 2-10 parts of acidified starch, 2-10 parts of silicic acid, 2-10 parts of silicate and 0-103 parts of carbon dioxide. The preparation method of the water glass reclaimed sand comprises the following steps: firstly, stirring and heating water glass and acidified starch according to a formula amount, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A; secondly, adding silicic acid into the mixture A according to the formula amount, stirring, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B; and thirdly, adding silicate and carbon dioxide into the mixture B according to the formula amount, stirring and heating, and uniformly mixing to obtain the water glass reclaimed sand. The water glass reclaimed sand has high reuse rate and good reuse effect, and can reduce the production cost when being applied to a casting process, so that the surface of a casting is smooth. The preparation method of the water glass reclaimed sand utilizes the modification effect of the acidic starch and the dry ice to ensure that the molding sand achieves the effect of surface coating and the treatment of the water glass reclaimed sand is reused.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water glass sand, in particular to water glass reclaimed sand and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The sodium silicate sand is used as a binder of casting molding sand, so that the pollution of casting industries such as cast steel and cast iron can be reduced, and green casting is realized. The casting process adopting the sodium silicate sand has the advantages of high casting size precision, smooth surface and high molding efficiency, can manufacture castings with complex shapes and strict requirements on internal quality, causes less dust in the using process, is nontoxic and tasteless, and is widely applied to industry.
However, it is known that water glass sand has poor collapsibility, which is a great problem in casting processes. Collapsibility refers to the degree of difficulty in breaking up the sand mold and sand core after the casting is poured and solidified, and is also called desanding. Generally, the main reason for the poor collapsibility of the water glass sand is that the effective component sodium silicate in the water glass is melted and agglomerated at high temperature, so that the residual strength of the sand mold is very high, the sand mold is very unfavorable for shakeout and sand cleaning of castings, and excessive sodium ions can remain on the surface of old sand, and the recycling of the old sand is seriously affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides water glass reclaimed sand and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problem that the water glass sand is difficult to regenerate and recycle in the common water glass sand casting process in the related technology.
According to one aspect of the invention, the invention provides water glass reclaimed sand, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of water glass, 2-10 parts of acidified starch, 2-10 parts of silicic acid, 2-10 parts of silicate and 0-103 parts of carbon dioxide.
Further, the composite material also comprises one or more of alpha-starch, graphite powder and bentonite.
Further, the silicate is one or more of sodium silicate, potassium silicate, lithium silicate and potassium sodium silicate, and the particle size of the silicate is smaller than 50 meshes.
Further, the silicic acid is metasilicic acid and is glassy, colorless and transparent amorphous particles.
Further, the carbon dioxide adopts dry ice.
According to another aspect of the invention, a preparation method of water glass reclaimed sand is provided, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, stirring and heating water glass and acidified starch according to a formula amount, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A;
secondly, adding silicic acid into the mixture A according to the formula amount, stirring, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B;
and thirdly, adding silicate and carbon dioxide into the mixture B according to the formula amount, stirring and heating, and uniformly mixing to obtain the water glass reclaimed sand.
Further, in the first step, the heating temperature is 40-85 ℃, and the heating time is 15-80 min.
Further, in the first step, the heating is performed step by step and respectively comprises a first temperature programming stage, a second temperature programming stage, a first temperature programming stage and a second temperature programming stage, wherein the temperature is increased from room temperature to 90 ℃ at a constant speed within 10 min, the temperature is increased from 90 ℃ to 100 ℃ at a constant speed within 5 min, the temperature is decreased from 100 ℃ to 90 ℃ at a constant speed within 10 min, and the temperature is decreased from 90 ℃ to room temperature at a constant speed within 45 min.
Further, in the third step, the heating temperature is 110-.
Further, in the third step, the heating is performed by temperature programming, and the temperature is increased from room temperature to 110-130 ℃ at a constant speed.
The water glass reclaimed sand provided by the invention has high reuse rate and good reuse effect, and can reduce the production cost and reduce or not use paint when being applied to a casting process, so that the surface of a casting is smooth and clean. According to the preparation method of the water glass reclaimed sand, the modification effect of the acidic starch and the dry ice is utilized, so that the surface coating effect in the molding sand is achieved, and the water glass reclaimed sand is treated and reused.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first concrete embodiment is that the water glass reclaimed sand comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of water glass, 2 parts of acidified starch, 2 parts of silicic acid and 2 parts of sodium silicate.
In this example, the particle size of the sodium silicate is less than 50 mesh; the silicic acid is glass colorless transparent amorphous metasilicic acid particles.
The preparation method of the water glass reclaimed sand comprises the following steps:
step one, stirring and heating water glass and acidified starch according to the formula amount, wherein the heating is carried out step by step and comprises a first temperature programming stage, a second temperature programming stage, a first temperature programming stage and a second temperature programming stage, wherein the first temperature programming stage is used for heating from room temperature to 90 ℃ at a constant speed within 10 min, the second temperature programming stage is used for heating from 90 ℃ to 100 ℃ at a constant speed within 5 min, the first temperature programming stage is used for cooling from 100 ℃ to 90 ℃ at a constant speed within 10 min, the second temperature programming stage is used for cooling from 90 ℃ to room temperature at a constant speed within 45 min, and the mixture A is obtained by uniformly mixing;
secondly, adding silicic acid into the mixture A according to the formula amount, stirring, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B;
and thirdly, adding silicate according to the formula amount into the mixture B, stirring and heating the mixture B, uniformly heating the mixture B to 110 ℃ from room temperature within 0.5 h, and uniformly mixing the mixture B and the silicate to obtain the water glass reclaimed sand.
The reaction principle of this example is: the water glass and the acidified starch are mixed and stirred uniformly, the temperature is raised from room temperature to full gelatinization and expansion of the acidified starch by adopting a sectional program, then the temperature is slowly raised to a higher temperature, so that the gelatinized starch is fully decomposed, the overall viscosity of the mixture is reduced, and the overall viscosity of the mixture is not changed too much by adopting the slow program cooling of two stages. Then adding silicic acid and silicate, mixing, stirring and heating, reacting with the modified water glass to generate water glass regenerated sand, and improving collapsibility. The recycled water glass sand has high reuse rate and good recycling effect, can reduce the production cost when being applied to a casting process, and reduces or does not use paint, so that the surface of a casting is smooth and clean. The molding sand produced by the modified water glass can be treated and reused by utilizing the modification effect of the acidic starch on the water glass.
In a second specific embodiment, the water glass reclaimed sand comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of water glass, 2 parts of acidified starch, 2 parts of silicic acid, 2 parts of sodium silicate and 1 part of carbon dioxide.
In the water glass reclaimed sand in the embodiment, solid dry ice is used as carbon dioxide, and the rest components are the same as those in the embodiment.
The preparation method of the water glass reclaimed sand comprises the following steps:
step one, stirring and heating water glass and acidified starch according to the formula amount, wherein the heating is carried out step by step and comprises a first temperature programming stage, a second temperature programming stage, a first temperature programming stage and a second temperature programming stage, wherein the first temperature programming stage is used for heating from room temperature to 90 ℃ at a constant speed within 10 min, the second temperature programming stage is used for heating from 90 ℃ to 100 ℃ at a constant speed within 5 min, the first temperature programming stage is used for cooling from 100 ℃ to 90 ℃ at a constant speed within 10 min, the second temperature programming stage is used for cooling from 90 ℃ to room temperature at a constant speed within 45 min, and the mixture A is obtained by uniformly mixing;
secondly, adding silicic acid into the mixture A according to the formula amount, stirring, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B;
and thirdly, adding silicate and dry ice into the mixture B according to the formula amount, heating while stirring, uniformly heating from room temperature to 110 ℃ within 0.5 h, and uniformly mixing to obtain the water glass reclaimed sand.
The reaction principle of this example is: the water glass and the acidified starch are mixed and stirred uniformly, the temperature is raised from room temperature to full gelatinization and expansion of the acidified starch by adopting a sectional program, then the temperature is slowly raised to a higher temperature, so that the gelatinized starch is fully decomposed, the overall viscosity of the mixture is reduced, and the overall viscosity of the mixture is not changed too much by adopting the slow program cooling of two stages. Then adding silicic acid and silicate for mixing, stirring and heating, and utilizing the characteristic that solid dry ice absorbs heat and is gasified immediately, so that the modified water glass reacts to generate water glass regenerated sand, the surface of each molding sand particle is coated with a protective film formed by starch particles, and the water glass regenerated sand is hardened, thereby improving the collapsibility of the water glass regenerated sand. The recycled water glass sand has high reuse rate and good recycling effect, can reduce the production cost when being applied to a casting process, and reduces or does not use paint, so that the surface of a casting is smooth and clean. The molding sand produced by the modified water glass achieves the effect of surface coating by utilizing the modification effect of the acid starch on the water glass, so that the water glass reclaimed sand can be repeatedly used.
In a third specific embodiment, the water glass reclaimed sand comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of water glass, 6 parts of acidified starch, 6 parts of silicic acid, 6 parts of sodium silicate and 10 parts of dry ice.
The preparation method of the water glass reclaimed sand is the same as that in the second embodiment.
The fourth concrete embodiment is that the water glass reclaimed sand comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of water glass, 10 parts of acidified starch, 10 parts of silicic acid, 10 parts of sodium silicate and 50 parts of dry ice.
The preparation method of the water glass reclaimed sand is the same as that in the second embodiment.
In a fifth specific embodiment, the water glass reclaimed sand comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of water glass, 10 parts of acidified starch, 10 parts of silicic acid, 10 parts of sodium silicate and 103 parts of dry ice.
The preparation method of the water glass reclaimed sand is the same as that in the second embodiment.
The sixth concrete embodiment is that the water glass reclaimed sand comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of water glass, 10 parts of acidified starch, 10 parts of silicic acid, 10 parts of sodium silicate, 50 parts of dry ice and 3 parts of alpha-starch.
The preparation method of the water glass regenerated sand comprises the following steps of firstly, stirring and heating water glass, acidified starch and alpha-starch according to the formula amount, and heating step by step, wherein the heating step is respectively a first temperature programming stage, a second temperature programming stage, a first temperature programming stage and a second temperature programming stage, the first temperature programming stage is heated from room temperature to 90 ℃ at a constant speed within 10 min, the second temperature programming stage is heated from 90 ℃ to 100 ℃ at a constant speed within 5 min, the first temperature programming stage is cooled from 100 ℃ to 90 ℃ at a constant speed within 10 min, the second temperature programming stage is cooled from 90 ℃ to room temperature at a constant speed within 45 min, and a mixture A is obtained by uniformly mixing;
secondly, adding silicic acid into the mixture A according to the formula amount, stirring, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B;
and thirdly, adding silicate and dry ice into the mixture B according to the formula amount, heating while stirring, uniformly heating from room temperature to 110 ℃ within 0.5 h, and uniformly mixing to obtain the water glass reclaimed sand.
The seventh specific embodiment is that the water glass reclaimed sand comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of water glass, 10 parts of acidified starch, 10 parts of silicic acid, 10 parts of sodium silicate, 50 parts of dry ice and 3 parts of graphite powder.
The preparation method of the water glass reclaimed sand comprises the steps of firstly, stirring and heating water glass, acidified starch and graphite powder according to the formula amount, and heating step by step, wherein the heating step is respectively a first temperature programming stage, a second temperature programming stage, a first temperature programming stage and a second temperature programming stage, the first temperature programming stage is heated from room temperature to 90 ℃ at a constant speed within 10 min, the second temperature programming stage is heated from 90 ℃ to 100 ℃ at a constant speed within 5 min, the first temperature programming stage is cooled from 100 ℃ to 90 ℃ at a constant speed within 10 min, the second temperature programming stage is cooled from 90 ℃ to room temperature at a constant speed within 45 min, and a mixture A is obtained by uniformly mixing;
secondly, adding silicic acid into the mixture A according to the formula amount, stirring, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B;
and thirdly, adding silicate and dry ice into the mixture B according to the formula amount, heating while stirring, uniformly heating from room temperature to 110 ℃ within 0.5 h, and uniformly mixing to obtain the water glass reclaimed sand.
The eighth specific embodiment is that the water glass reclaimed sand comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of water glass, 10 parts of acidified starch, 10 parts of silicic acid, 10 parts of sodium silicate, 50 parts of dry ice and 3 parts of bentonite.
The preparation method of the water glass reclaimed sand comprises the steps of firstly, stirring and heating water glass, acidified starch and bentonite according to the formula amount, and heating step by step, wherein the heating step is respectively a first temperature programming stage, a second temperature programming stage, a first temperature programming stage and a second temperature programming stage, the first temperature programming stage is heated from room temperature to 90 ℃ at a constant speed within 10 min, the second temperature programming stage is heated from 90 ℃ to 100 ℃ at a constant speed within 5 min, the first temperature programming stage is cooled from 100 ℃ to 90 ℃ at a constant speed within 10 min, the second temperature programming stage is cooled from 90 ℃ to room temperature at a constant speed within 45 min, and a mixture A is obtained by uniformly mixing;
secondly, adding silicic acid into the mixture A according to the formula amount, stirring, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B;
and thirdly, adding silicate and dry ice into the mixture B according to the formula amount, heating while stirring, uniformly heating from room temperature to 110 ℃ within 0.5 h, and uniformly mixing to obtain the water glass reclaimed sand.
The ninth embodiment is a water glass reclaimed sand, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of water glass, 10 parts of acidified starch, 10 parts of silicic acid, 10 parts of sodium silicate, 50 parts of dry ice, 1 part of alpha-starch, 1 part of graphite powder and 1 part of bentonite.
The preparation method of the water glass reclaimed sand comprises the steps of firstly, stirring and heating water glass, acidified starch, alpha-starch, graphite powder and bentonite according to the formula amount, wherein the heating is carried out step by step and comprises a first temperature programming stage, a second temperature programming stage, a first temperature programming stage and a second temperature programming stage, wherein the first temperature programming stage is used for uniformly heating from room temperature to 90 ℃ within 10 min, the second temperature programming stage is used for uniformly heating from 90 ℃ to 100 ℃ within 5 min, the first temperature programming stage is used for uniformly cooling from 100 ℃ to 90 ℃ within 10 min, the second temperature programming stage is used for uniformly cooling from 90 ℃ to room temperature within 45 min, and a mixture A is obtained after uniform mixing;
secondly, adding silicic acid into the mixture A according to the formula amount, stirring, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B;
and thirdly, adding silicate and dry ice into the mixture B according to the formula amount, heating while stirring, uniformly heating from room temperature to 110 ℃ within 0.5 h, and uniformly mixing to obtain the water glass reclaimed sand.
The water glass reclaimed sand in the first to eighth concrete examples and the purchased common water glass sand sold in the market are respectively measured for dry-pressing strength and residual strength at different temperatures, steel casting is carried out to form a casting, the surface of the casting is observed, and the concrete results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 comparison of the results of the performance measurements of the reclaimed sand of the one-eight sodium silicate and the commercial ordinary sodium silicate sand
Compared with the performance data of the purchased common water glass sand, the water glass reclaimed sand in the first to eighth embodiments has better starch modification effect due to the starch modification treatment of the water glass or the sublimation effect of the added dry ice, so that the surface of the prepared water glass reclaimed sand is basically smooth, the sand sticking is basically avoided, the collapsibility is good, and the reuse rate of the water glass reclaimed sand is high after the prepared water glass reclaimed sand is subjected to steel casting to form a casting.
Compared with the performance data of the water glass reclaimed sand in the second embodiment, in the mixing process of the water glass reclaimed sand, the dry ice plays an important role, the dry ice absorbs heat and rapidly sublimates to generate uniform bubbles, and in the process of preparing the water glass sand from the modified water glass, a coating is formed on the surface of each sand grain, so that the collapsibility of the water glass reclaimed sand is improved.
Comparing the data of the water glass reclaimed sand of the third and fourth embodiments with the data of the water glass reclaimed sand of the fifth embodiment, it is shown that the amount of dry ice has little influence on the final molding sand product in the mixing process of the water glass reclaimed sand.
Comparing the data of the water glass reclaimed sand of the sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth embodiments with the data of the water glass reclaimed sand of the fourth embodiment, the data shows that the alpha-starch, the graphite powder and the bentonite play a certain auxiliary role in modifying the water glass, the alpha-starch, the graphite powder and the bentonite are communicated with the acid starch, and the alpha-starch, the graphite powder and the bentonite play a role in improving the instant strength and the surface stability of the molding sand in the water glass reclaimed sand. Alpha-starch, graphite powder, bentonite and acidified starch modify water glass together, and then absorb heat in dry ice and sublimate rapidly to generate uniform bubbles, so that in the process of preparing water glass sand from modified water glass, a coating film is formed on the surface of each grain of sand, and the collapsibility of water glass reclaimed sand is improved.
The water glass reclaimed sand provided by the invention has high reuse rate and good reuse effect, and can reduce the production cost and reduce or not use paint when being applied to a casting process, so that the surface of a casting is smooth and clean. According to the preparation method of the water glass reclaimed sand, the modification effect of the acidic starch and the dry ice is utilized, so that the surface coating effect in the molding sand is achieved, and the water glass reclaimed sand is treated and reused.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other various forms of products can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The water glass reclaimed sand is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of water glass, 2-10 parts of acidified starch, 2-10 parts of silicic acid, 2-10 parts of silicate and 0-103 parts of carbon dioxide.
2. The water glass reclaimed sand according to claim 1, further comprising one or more of alpha-starch, graphite powder and bentonite.
3. The water glass reclaimed sand according to claim 2, wherein the silicate is one or more of sodium silicate, potassium silicate, lithium silicate and potassium sodium silicate, and the particle size of the silicate is less than 50 meshes.
4. The water glass reclaimed sand according to claim 3, wherein the silicic acid is metasilicic acid and is a glassy, colorless and transparent amorphous particle.
5. The water glass reclaimed sand according to claim 4, wherein the carbon dioxide is dry ice.
6. The method for preparing the water glass reclaimed sand as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, stirring and heating water glass and acidified starch according to a formula amount, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A;
secondly, adding silicic acid into the mixture A according to the formula amount, stirring, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B;
and thirdly, adding silicate and carbon dioxide into the mixture B according to the formula amount, stirring and heating, and uniformly mixing to obtain the water glass reclaimed sand.
7. The method for preparing the water glass reclaimed sand according to claim 6, wherein in the first step, the heating temperature is 40-85 ℃, and the heating time is 15-80 min.
8. The method for preparing the recycled water glass sand as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the first step, the heating is performed step by step and comprises a first temperature programming stage, a second temperature programming stage, a first temperature programming stage and a second temperature programming stage, wherein the first temperature programming stage is used for raising the temperature from room temperature to 90 ℃ at a constant speed within 10 min, the second temperature programming stage is used for raising the temperature from 90 ℃ to 100 ℃ at a constant speed within 5 min, the first temperature programming stage is used for lowering the temperature from 100 ℃ to 90 ℃ at a constant speed within 10 min, and the second temperature programming stage is used for lowering the temperature from 90 ℃ to room temperature at a constant speed within 45 min.
9. The method for preparing reclaimed water glass sand according to claim 8, wherein the heating temperature in the third step is 110-130 ℃, and the heating time is 0.5-2.0 h.
10. The method for preparing reclaimed water glass sand according to claim 9, wherein in the third step, the heating is performed by temperature programming, and the temperature is increased from room temperature to 110-130 ℃ at a constant speed.
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| CN202010644012.3A CN111687374A (en) | 2020-07-07 | 2020-07-07 | Water glass reclaimed sand and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112958744A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-06-15 | 曲阜市铸造材料厂 | Preparation method for regeneration of sodium silicate sand |
| CN117696829A (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-03-15 | 曲阜冶通铸材科技发展有限公司 | Casting additive for sand casting and use method thereof |
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