CN111685749A - Construction method of pulse pressure wave mathematical model - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method of a pulse pressure wave mathematical model, which uses a pressure sensor to collect a plurality of pulse pressure wave curves with maximum amplitude and synchronous/quasi-synchronous non-invasive blood pressure data; the pulse pressure wave curve data is refined and least square nonlinear fitting is carried out according to constraint conditions, so that a nonlinear system capable of fully and accurately reflecting the hemodynamic characteristics of a data source is obtained; and finally, constructing a pulse pressure wave mathematical model for extracting the hemodynamic parameters through the quantitative conversion of the waveform and the blood pressure data.

Description

Construction method of pulse pressure wave mathematical model

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technology of noninvasive sign data measurement, in-vitro diagnosis and health monitoring, and particularly relates to a construction method of a pulse pressure wave mathematical model.

Background

The hemodynamic parameters can definitely reflect the individual physiological and pathological characteristics of a human body, can comprehensively and accurately provide reliable basis for cardiovascular system disease prevention and control, disease diagnosis, etiological analysis, trend speculation, diagnosis and treatment optimization and early high-risk symptom identification, and the acquisition modes of the hemodynamic parameters are invasive and noninvasive. In an invasive mode, a doctor needs to carry out surgical catheterization to connect an invasive monitor with a cardiovascular system in a professional environment of a medical institution, and a series of hemodynamic parameters are directly obtained in real time; non-invasive methods are used to indirectly obtain different hemodynamic parameters using various specialized medical diagnostic devices such as CT, MRI, PDE, sphygmomanometer, and electrocardiograph.

A series of hemodynamic parameters are acquired by using a conventional sphygmomanometer and small in-vitro pulse wave acquisition equipment, so that the practical application limitations of the two methods can be effectively overcome, and the convenient application under wide scenes such as daily monitoring can be realized. The invention is one of the representatives of Chinese patent with publication number CN1121798A and name of 'a method and device for detecting and analyzing dynamic parameters of cardiovascular function'. However, the methods have the defects of asynchronous data of different sensors in a mixed mode, manual intervention for data acquisition, lack of precise control on basic data and the like, so that the accuracy and the stability of the measurement result of the hemodynamic parameters are not ideal.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for constructing a pulse pressure wave mathematical model.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a method for constructing a pulse pressure wave mathematical model, which comprises the following steps:

s10, collecting and screening pulse pressure wave curves, which comprises the following steps:

s11, using pressure sensor and clock, when pulse pressure wave amplitude H is maximum, H_WMaxAt least 5 continuous and complete pulse pressure wave curves are collected and placed in a pulse pressure wave curve coordinate system taking the amplitude H of the pulse pressure wave as a vertical axis and the time T as a horizontal axis;

s12, extracting the waveform height value H of each pulse pressure wave curve_iSum waveform width value T_i(ii) a Wherein, T_i＝t_i2-t_i1，t_i2And t_i1Respectively time values of an end point and a starting point of the ith pulse pressure wave curve; respectively calculating the average value H-of the height of the waveform and the average value T-of the width of the waveform by using all the data excluding the maximum value and the minimum value;

s13, reserving and satisfying | H less than or equal to 0_i-H-/H-is less than or equal to 10% and 0. ltoreq. T_i-all pulse pressure wave curves for the condition T-/T-less than or equal to 10%;

s20, constructing a pulse pressure wave nonlinear system, specifically comprising the following steps:

s21, marking D on each pulse pressure wave curve according to the known definition₁～D₇7 known feature points in total; the inflection point F of the curve with the same position and the common characteristic on each pulse pressure wave curve₁～F_nLabeling as individual feature points; according to the set contour definition and constraint conditions, selecting a plurality of curve control points Z on both sides of all inflection points and between two inflection points₁～Z_nSo as to effectively inhibit the overproof deformation of the curve;

s22, using the known characteristic point D on each pulse pressure wave curve₁、D₂、D₇Constructing triangles for the vertices and finding the geometric centers K of all triangles₁～K_n(ii) a Translating all pulse pressure wave curves after the first one to the first one until K₂～K_nAnd K₁Completely overlapping;

s23, on the overlapped curve group, using the smallest circle to surround the same name point of each curve to form D₁～D₇、F₁～F_n、Z₁～Z_nA plurality of homonymous point discrete areas; finding the weighted median center D0 for each homonym discrete region₁～D0₇、F0₁～F0_n、Z0₁～Z0_n；

S24, according to the basic rule that the abscissa value is from small to large, each group is more than or equal to 3 points, and at least 1 coincident point is arranged on two adjacent sections of curves, carrying out least square nonlinear fitting on the points to obtain a continuous pulse pressure wave nonlinear system;

s30, measuring blood pressure to obtain pressure value F when pulse pressure wave appears_{A Min}Pressure value F when pulse pressure wave disappears_{B Min}And a pressure value F at maximum amplitude_{W Max}Corresponding DP diastolic, SP systolic and MAP mean arterial pressures;

s40, constructing a pulse pressure wave mathematical model, specifically comprising the following steps:

s41, converting the known characteristic point D0 of the pulse pressure wave nonlinear system₁Coincident with the ordinate axis, the feature point D0 was replaced on the ordinate by the DP and SP values in S38₁And D0₂Amplitude value H of₁And H₂Carrying out quantitative conversion from the amplitude H to the blood pressure value BP on the ordinate;

s42, establishing the blood pressure value BP as the vertical axisThe pulse pressure nonlinear system coordinate system with the horizontal axis as the time T redefines and names the known characteristic point D00₁～D00₇And the individual character point F00₁～F00_nAnd finishing the construction of the pulse pressure wave digital model.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step S30 of measuring blood pressure may be any one of the known methods of synchronous/quasi-synchronous blood pressure measurement, or the following non-invasive blood pressure measurement method synchronized with pulse pressure wave acquisition, wherein the method of acquiring pulse pressure wave with a pressure sensor and a clock and synchronously performing blood pressure measurement specifically includes the following steps:

s31, slowly and vertically pushing the pressure sensor to the radial artery, carrying out the 1 st measurement when the pulse pressure wave is observed to appear, and reading the pressure value F₁And the pulse pressure wave amplitude value H₁；

S32, defining f as a step pressure value and pressurizing step by step for subsequent measurement; 2 nd and 3 rd measurements were made at the 1/2f step value;

s33, performing subsequent measurement according to the step value f after the 3 rd measurement, and when the pulse pressure wave amplitude value observed in the q-th measurement is smaller than that observed in the previous measurement, namely H_q＜H_q-1After the completion of the measurement, the qth was performed by decompressing at 1/2f₊₁Secondary measurement;

s34, according to q_-1、q、q₊₁Three groups of measurement data are used for calculating the maximum amplitude value H of the pulse pressure wave_{W Max}And corresponding pressure value F_{W Max}(ii) a With a sampling rate of 200Hz or more and applying F_{W Max}At least 5 continuous and complete pulse pressure wave curves are acquired and provided to the step S10 in real time locally or in the cloud; then continuing to carry out subsequent measurement according to the step value f;

s35, when the q is_+nThe secondary measurement observes that the pulse pressure wave amplitude is less than 85% of the maximum amplitude, namely H_q+n≤H_WAt 85%, performing subsequent measurements at 1/2f step until the pulse pressure wave disappears;

s36, using the three groups of measurement data of 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd times to carry out zero point convergence on the longitudinal axis, and calculating the occurrence H of pulse pressure wave_{A Min}Pressure value F at → 0_{A Min}(ii) a Using the last three groups of measurement data to carry out zero point convergence of the longitudinal axis and calculate the disappearance H of the pulse pressure wave_{B Min}Pressure value F at → 0_{B Min}；

S37, completing pulse wave pressure/blood pressure conversion calculation in real time at local or cloud:

P＝F/e

p is a blood pressure value, F is a pressure value and is a pulse wave pressure/blood pressure conversion factor;

wherein: n + [ (T-T)/a + (D-D)/b ] } c

N is the effective area value when the sensor measures the pulse wave pressure, T is the measured height value T is the system reference height value, D is the measured wrist circumference value D is the system reference wrist circumference value, a, b, c are the system constant value;

by F_{A Min}、F_{B Min}、F_{W Max}Respectively calculating the diastolic pressure DP, the systolic pressure SP and the mean arterial pressure MAP corresponding to the above steps:

DP＝F_{A Min}/

SP＝F_{B Min}/

MAP＝F_{W Max}/

s38, since the diastolic blood pressure DP, the systolic blood pressure SP and the mean arterial pressure MAP are independent results calculated from independent measurements, they can be used with each other as known:

and carrying out cross check on formulas such as MAP (SP +2 xDP)/3 or MAP (DP + I/3) (DP-SP) and the like, and weighting adjustment by using a least square method to obtain the most probable values of the diastolic pressure DP, the systolic pressure SP and the average arterial pressure MAP.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. synchronously acquiring blood pressure and pulse pressure wave data by using the same pressure sensor in the same time dimension, strictly keeping the original correlation among the data and eliminating system errors;

2. the automatic measurement/discrimination mode thoroughly eliminates accidental errors caused by human intervention;

3. optimizing, recursion and adjustment are carried out on the large redundant observation data, and the high precision and high reliability of the pulse pressure wave digital model are ensured; therefore, the accuracy of calculating a series of hemodynamic parameters by directly reading or extracting basic data subsequently is ensured;

4. the noninvasive acquisition method of the hemodynamic parameters with the result precision equal to or very similar to that of the invasive method can be realized by carrying out model refinement on the benchmarks which are synchronous with invasive data;

5. a series of hemodynamic parameters are obtained conveniently, accurately and immediately, and independent real-time local and cloud wide-area application of a user is supported.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a set of pulse pressure wave curves with maximum amplitude and continuity in a pulse pressure wave curve processing coordinate system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graphical representation of the pulse pressure wave curves retained after screening in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of labeling feature points and finding geometric centers according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the same-name discrete areas after coincidence of the pulse pressure wave curves of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of finding the center point of the weighted median from the homonym discrete region according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a non-linear plot of the pulse pressure waves generated in the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the coordinate system and the measurement process of blood pressure measurement and the mark points in the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a mathematical model in the hemodynamic coordinate system of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.

In order to achieve the object of the present invention, in one embodiment of the present invention, a method for constructing a pulse pressure wave mathematical model is provided, which includes the following steps:

s10, collecting and screening pulse pressure wave curves, which comprises the following steps:

s11, using pressure sensor and clock, when pulse pressure wave amplitude H is maximum, H_{W Max}At least 5 continuous and complete pulse pressure wave curves are acquired and placed in a pulse pressure wave curve coordinate system taking the pulse pressure wave amplitude H as a vertical axis and the time T as a horizontal axis as shown in figure 1;

s12, extracting the waveform height value H of each pulse pressure wave curve_iSum waveform width value T_i(ii) a Wherein, T_i＝t_i2-t_i1，t_i2And t_i1Respectively time values of an end point and a starting point of the ith pulse pressure wave curve; respectively calculating the average value H-of the height of the waveform and the average value T-of the width of the waveform by using all the data excluding the maximum value and the minimum value;

s13, reserving and satisfying | H less than or equal to 0_i-H-/H-is less than or equal to 10% and 0. ltoreq. T_iAll pulse pressure wave curves for the-T-/T-10% condition are shown in FIG. 2;

s20, constructing a pulse pressure wave nonlinear system, specifically comprising the following steps:

s21, marking D on each pulse pressure wave curve according to the known definition₁～D₇7 known feature points in total; the inflection point F of the curve with the same position and the common characteristic on each pulse pressure wave curve₁～F_nLabeling as individual feature points; according to the set contour definition and constraint conditions, selecting a plurality of curve control points Z on both sides of all inflection points and between two inflection points₁～Z_nThe superscalar deformation with the effective suppression curve is shown in FIG. 3;

s22, using the known characteristic point D on each pulse pressure wave curve₁、D₂、D₇Constructing triangles for the vertices and finding the geometric centers K of all triangles₁～K_n(ii) a Translating all pulse pressure wave curves after the first one to the first one until K₂～K_nAnd K₁Full coincidence is shown in fig. 4;

s23, on the overlapped curve group, using the smallest circle to surround the same name point of each curve to form D₁～D₇、F₁～F_n、Z₁～Z_nA plurality of homonymous point discrete areas; finding the weighted median center D0 for each homonym discrete region₁～D0₇、F0₁～F0_n、Z0₁～Z0_nAs shown in fig. 5;

s24, according to the basic rule that the abscissa value is from small to large, each group is more than or equal to 3 points, and at least 1 coincident point is arranged on two adjacent sections of curves, performing least square nonlinear fitting on the points to obtain a continuous pulse pressure wave nonlinear system as shown in figure 6;

s30, measuring blood pressure to obtain pressure value F when pulse pressure wave appears_{A Min}Pressure value F when pulse pressure wave disappears_{B Min}And a pressure value F at maximum amplitude_{W Max}The corresponding DP diastolic, SP systolic and MAP mean arterial pressures are shown in figure 7;

s40, constructing a pulse pressure wave mathematical model, specifically comprising the following steps:

s41, converting the known characteristic point D0 of the pulse pressure wave nonlinear system₁Coincident with the ordinate axis, the feature point D0 was replaced on the ordinate by the DP and SP values in S38₁And D0₂Amplitude value H of₁And H₂Carrying out quantitative conversion from the amplitude H to the blood pressure value BP on the ordinate;

s42, establishing a pulse pressure nonlinear system coordinate system with the blood pressure value BP as the vertical axis and the time T as the horizontal axis, redefining and naming the known characteristic points D00₁～D00₇And the individual character point F00₁～F00_nAnd finishing the construction of the pulse pressure wave digital model.

On the pulse pressure wave digital model constructed by the invention, a series of hemodynamic parameters are calculated by directly reading or extracting basic data through the nonlinear relation between two basic elements of blood pressure and time or the linear relation of line segments between characteristic points, the pressure integral of an ejection period, a diastole and a stroke period and the like.

According to the actual situation, step S30 is to measure the blood pressure, and any one of the known methods can be selected to perform synchronous/quasi-synchronous blood pressure measurement, or the following non-invasive blood pressure measurement method synchronized with the pulse pressure wave acquisition is adopted, and the method performs the pulse pressure wave acquisition with the pressure sensor and the clock and synchronously performs the blood pressure measurement, and specifically includes the following steps:

s31, slowly and vertically pushing the pressure sensor to the radial artery, carrying out the 1 st measurement when the pulse pressure wave is observed to appear, and reading the pressure value F₁And the pulse pressure wave amplitude value H₁；

S32, defining f as 5-10 mmHg after the step pressure value is converted, and pressurizing step by step for subsequent measurement; 2 nd and 3 rd measurements were made at the 1/2f step value;

s33, performing subsequent measurement according to the step value f after the 3 rd measurement, and when the pulse pressure wave amplitude value observed in the q-th measurement is smaller than that observed in the previous measurement, namely H_q＜H_q-1After the completion of the measurement, the qth was performed by decompressing at 1/2f₊₁Secondary measurement;

s34, according to q_-1、q、q₊₁Three groups of measurement data are used for calculating the maximum amplitude value H of the pulse pressure wave_{W Max}And corresponding pressure value F_{W Max}(ii) a With a sampling rate of 200Hz or more and applying F_{W Max}At least 5 continuous and complete pulse pressure wave curves are acquired and provided to the step S10 in real time locally or in the cloud; then continuing to carry out subsequent measurement according to the step value f;

s35, when the q is_+nThe secondary measurement observes that the pulse pressure wave amplitude is less than 85% of the maximum amplitude, namely H_q+n≤H_WAt 85%, performing subsequent measurements at 1/2f step until the pulse pressure wave disappears;

s36, using the three groups of measurement data of 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd times to carry out zero point convergence on the longitudinal axis, and calculating the occurrence H of pulse pressure wave_{A Min}Pressure value F at → 0_{A Min}(ii) a Using the last three groups of measurement data to carry out zero point convergence of the longitudinal axis and calculate the disappearance H of the pulse pressure wave_{B Min}Pressure value F at → 0_{B Min}；

S37, completing pulse wave pressure/blood pressure conversion calculation in real time at local or cloud:

P＝F/

p is a blood pressure value, F is a pressure value and is a pulse wave pressure/blood pressure conversion factor;

wherein: n + [ (T-T)/a + (D-D)/b ] } c

N is the effective area value when the sensor measures the pulse wave pressure, T is the measured height value T is the system reference height value, D is the measured wrist circumference value D is the system reference wrist circumference value, a, b, c are the system constant value;

by F_{A Min}、F_{B Min}、F_{W Max}Respectively calculating the diastolic pressure DP, the systolic pressure SP and the mean arterial pressure MAP corresponding to the above steps:

DP＝F_{A Min}/

SP＝F_{B Min}/

MAP＝F_{W Max}/

s38, since the diastolic blood pressure DP, the systolic blood pressure SP and the mean arterial pressure MAP are independent results calculated from independent measurements, they can be used with each other as known:

and carrying out cross check on formulas such as MAP (SP +2 xDP)/3 or MAP (DP + 1/3) (DP-SP), and weighting adjustment by using a least square method to obtain the most probable values of diastolic pressure DP, systolic pressure SP and average arterial pressure MAP.

In order to further optimize the implementation effect of the present invention, in another embodiment of the present invention, in order to enhance and strengthen the implementation effect of the present invention, a known method, such as time domain feature resolution, is further applied and not limited, so as to achieve the purpose of obtaining the mapping point of the physiological features, which is not obvious in local features of the waveform and cannot be accurately located or even ignored.

In order to further optimize the implementation effect of the invention, in another embodiment of the invention, calibration and refinement of the noninvasive pulse pressure wave digital model in the big data background can be realized by continuously synchronizing the benchmarks with a certain number of invasive hemodynamic parameters.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A method for constructing a pulse pressure wave mathematical model is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s10, collecting and screening pulse pressure wave curves, which comprises the following steps:

s11, using pressure sensor and clock, when pulse pressure wave amplitude H is maximum, H_{W Max}At least 5 continuous and complete pulse pressure wave curves are collected and placed in a pulse pressure wave curve coordinate system taking the amplitude H of the pulse pressure wave as a vertical axis and the time T as a horizontal axis;

s12, extracting the waveform height value H of each pulse pressure wave curve_iSum waveform width value T_i(ii) a Wherein, T_i＝t_i2-t_i1，t_i2And t_i1Respectively time values of an end point and a starting point of the ith pulse pressure wave curve; respectively calculating the average value H-of the height of the waveform and the average value T-of the width of the waveform by using all the data excluding the maximum value and the minimum value;

s13, reserving and satisfying | H less than or equal to 0_i-H-/H-is less than or equal to 10% and 0. ltoreq. T_i-all pulse pressure wave curves for the condition T-/T-less than or equal to 10%;

s20, constructing a pulse pressure wave nonlinear system, specifically comprising the following steps:

s21, marking D on each pulse pressure wave curve according to the known definition₁～D₇7 known feature points in total; the inflection point F of the curve with the same position and the common characteristic on each pulse pressure wave curve₁～F_nLabeling as individual feature points; according to the set contour definition and constraint conditions, selecting a plurality of curve control points Z on both sides of all inflection points and between two inflection points₁～Z_nSo as to effectively inhibit the overproof deformation of the curve;

s22, using the known characteristic point D on each pulse pressure wave curve₁、D₂、D₇Constructing triangles for the vertices and finding the geometric centers K of all triangles₁～K_n(ii) a Translating all pulse pressure wave curves after the first one to the first one until K₂～K_nAnd K₁Completely overlapping;

s23, on the overlapped curve group, using the smallest circle to surround the same name point of each curve to form D₁～D₇、F₁～F_n、Z₁～Z_nA plurality of homonymous point discrete areas; finding the weighted median center D0 for each homonym discrete region₁～D0₇、F0₁～F0_n、Z0₁～Z0_n；

S24, according to the basic rule that the abscissa value is from small to large, each group is more than or equal to 3 points, and at least 1 coincident point is arranged on two adjacent sections of curves, carrying out least square nonlinear fitting on the points to obtain a continuous pulse pressure wave nonlinear system;

s30, measuring blood pressure to obtain pressure value F when pulse pressure wave appears_{A Min}Pressure value F when pulse pressure wave disappears_{B Min}And a pressure value F at maximum amplitude_{W Max}Corresponding DP diastolic, SP systolic and MAP mean arterial pressures;

s40, constructing a pulse pressure wave mathematical model, specifically comprising the following steps:

s41, converting the known characteristic point D0 of the pulse pressure wave nonlinear system₁Coincident with the ordinate axis, the feature point D0 was replaced on the ordinate by the DP and SP values in S38₁And D0₂Amplitude value H of₁And H₂Carrying out quantitative conversion from the amplitude H to the blood pressure value BP on the ordinate;

s42, establishing a pulse pressure nonlinear system coordinate system with the blood pressure value BP as the vertical axis and the time T as the horizontal axis, redefining and naming the known characteristic points D00₁～D00₇And the individual character point F00₁～F00_nAnd finishing the construction of the pulse pressure wave digital model.

2. The method for constructing a mathematical model of pulse pressure wave according to claim 1, wherein the step S30 is performed to measure blood pressure, optionally by any one of the known methods, or by the following non-invasive blood pressure measurement methods synchronized with the pulse pressure wave acquisition, wherein the method uses a pressure sensor and a clock to perform the pulse pressure wave acquisition and perform the blood pressure measurement synchronously, and comprises the following steps:

s31, slowly and vertically pushing the pressure sensor to the radial artery, carrying out the 1 st measurement when the pulse pressure wave is observed to appear, and reading the pressure value F₁And the pulse pressure wave amplitude value H₁；

S32, defining f as a step pressure value and pressurizing step by step for subsequent measurement; 2 nd and 3 rd measurements were made at the 1/2f step value;

s33, performing subsequent measurement according to the step value f after the 3 rd measurement, and when the pulse pressure wave amplitude value observed in the q-th measurement is smaller than that observed in the previous measurement, namely H_q＜H_q-1After the completion of the measurement, the qth was performed by decompressing at 1/2f₊₁Secondary measurement;

s34, according to q_-1、q、q₊₁Three groups of measurement data are used for calculating the maximum amplitude value H of the pulse pressure wave_{W Max}And corresponding pressure value F_{W Max}(ii) a With a sampling rate of 200Hz or more and applying F_{W Max}At least 5 continuous and complete pulse pressure wave curves are acquired and provided to the step S10 in real time locally or in the cloud; then continuing to carry out subsequent measurement according to the step value f;

s35, when the q is_+nThe secondary measurement observes that the pulse pressure wave amplitude is less than 85% of the maximum amplitude, namely H_q+n≤H_WAt 85%, performing subsequent measurements at 1/2f step until the pulse pressure wave disappears;

s36, using the three groups of measurement data of 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd times to carry out zero point convergence on the longitudinal axis, and calculating the occurrence H of pulse pressure wave_{A Min}Pressure value F at → 0_{A Min}(ii) a Using the last three groups of measurement data to carry out zero point convergence of the longitudinal axis and calculate the disappearance H of the pulse pressure wave_{B Min}Pressure value F at → 0_{B Min}；

S37, completing pulse wave pressure/blood pressure conversion calculation in real time at local or cloud:

P＝F/

p is a blood pressure value, F is a pressure value and is a pulse wave pressure/blood pressure conversion factor;

wherein: n + [ (T-T)/a + (D-D)/b ] } c

N is the effective area value when the sensor measures the pulse wave pressure, T is the measured height value T is the system reference height value, D is the measured wrist circumference value D is the system reference wrist circumference value, a, b, c are the system constant value;

by F_{A Min}、F_{B Min}、F_{W Max}Respectively calculating the diastolic pressure DP, the systolic pressure SP and the mean arterial pressure MAP corresponding to the above steps:

DP＝F_{A Min}/

SP＝F_{B Min}/

MAP＝F_{W Max}/

s38, since the diastolic blood pressure DP, the systolic blood pressure SP and the mean arterial pressure MAP are independent results calculated from independent measurements, they can be used with each other as known:

and carrying out cross check on formulas such as MAP (SP +2 xDP)/3 or MAP (DP + 1/3) (DP-SP), and weighting adjustment by using a least square method to obtain the most probable values of diastolic pressure DP, systolic pressure SP and average arterial pressure MAP.

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