Background
In the current three major grain crops in China, the mechanized harvesting rate of wheat reaches over 90 percent, the mechanized harvesting rate of rice is about 70 to 80 percent, the mechanized harvesting rate of corn is only about 70 percent, and the difference is large. The current leading mode of mechanized corn harvesting in China is the mode of fruit cluster harvesting. Due to the fact that the difference of the agricultural technology of corn and the physical characteristics of crops in different regions is large, the mechanical harvesting of the corn cannot be suitable for domestic cross-region harvesting by using the same harvester structure like wheat and rice.
Due to the fact that the corn harvesting states in different regions are different greatly, and the water content difference when different corn varieties are harvested is large, the outstanding problems are that wheat and corn rotation is required to be considered during corn harvesting in Huang-Huai-Hai regions, the season needs to be preempted, the corn harvesting period is generally advanced, and time is won for wheat rotation and seed preempting. Therefore, when the Huang-Huai-Hai corn is harvested, the crops are generally green, the crops are harvested in a wax ripeness stage, the moisture content of the corn is high, the moisture content of the corn ears and the bracts is high, the bracts of the ears are closed tightly, and if a flat-roller peeling structure is adopted for peeling, the phenomenon that the bracts cannot be completely peeled is easy to occur due to low peeling strength, so that the operation performance of mechanical ear harvesting of the corn is influenced. The lack of performance indicators may affect the satisfaction rate of the user. At the moment, the peeling and harvesting effect is better if a high-low roller structure is adopted, and the bract peeling rate is obviously improved. However, in single-season corn planting areas in the north of northwest, northeast and the like, the corn is generally harvested in the complete period in the harvesting period, the corn is basically mature at the moment, the connection force between corn kernels and corn cobs becomes smaller, the opening parts of bracts are loose, and the kernels are easy to fall and damage due to higher peeling strength when being peeled by adopting a high-low roller structure, so that loss is caused. Because the moisture content of the corn plant is lower at this moment, the harvesting effect is better by adopting a flat roller type peeling structure, not only the ear seeds are not damaged, but also the ear peeling rate can meet the performance requirement.
In the prior art, when the height roller structure peeling machine is adjusted to be the flat roller structure peeling machine, the peeling machine needs to be detached from the whole machine and adjusted on the adjusting platform, the adjustment is time-consuming and high in cost, and the harvesting operation of a user is delayed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multifunctional corn peeling device.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the device comprises a plurality of floating peeling roller groups, a plurality of fixed peeling roller groups and a mounting frame, wherein the floating peeling roller groups and the fixed peeling roller groups are mounted on the mounting frame and are horizontally and alternately arranged; each of the floating peel roller sets includes at least one floating peel roller, and each of the fixed peel roller sets includes at least one fixed peel roller; the mounting rack comprises a floating peeling roller mounting rack and a fixed peeling roller mounting rack; the floating peeling roller is fixed on the floating peeling roller mounting frame, and the fixed peeling roller is fixed on the fixed peeling roller mounting frame; the fixed peeling roller mounting frame and the floating peeling roller mounting frame are arranged up and down in the vertical direction and are connected with each other at an adjustable interval.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the distance between the floating peeling roller mounting frame and the fixed peeling roller mounting frame in the vertical direction is adjusted, so that the distance between the floating peeling roller and the fixed peeling roller in the vertical direction can be adjusted, the conversion between the high-low roller and the flat roller of the corn peeling machine is realized, the adjustment mode is simplified, and the adjustment efficiency is greatly improved.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Furthermore, an adjusting rod is arranged on the frame of the floating peeling roller mounting frame along the vertical direction; a limiting piece and a fixing piece are arranged on the frame of the fixed peeling roller mounting frame, a hole in sliding fit with the adjusting rod is formed in the limiting piece, and the adjusting rod penetrates through the hole and is connected with the limiting piece in a sliding manner; the fixing piece can fix the limiting piece on the adjusting rod.
The technical scheme has the advantages that the limiting piece can be fixed on the adjusting rod through the fixing piece; the distance between the floating peeling roller mounting frame and the fixed peeling roller mounting frame in the vertical direction is adjustable.
Further, the adjusting rod is positioned on at least one corner of the floating peeling roller mounting frame; the limiting part and the fixing part correspond to the adjusting rod in position.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that the limiting part and the adjusting rod are easier to adjust.
Further, the maximum distance between the floating peeling roller mounting frame and the fixed peeling roller mounting frame in the vertical direction is the sum of the radius of the cross section of the floating peeling roller and the radius of the cross section of the fixed peeling roller; the minimum distance is zero.
The corn husking device has the beneficial effects that the distance in the range can enable the angle between the floating husking roller and the fixed husking roller to be suitable for corn husking operation in all regions and varieties.
Further, when the distance between the floating peeling roller mounting frame and the fixed peeling roller mounting frame is the maximum distance, the floating peeling roller and the fixed peeling roller are located on the same horizontal plane.
Adopt above-mentioned further technical scheme's beneficial effect be, at this moment, the peeler is the plain-barreled roll structure, can be applicable to the lower maize operation of skinning of moisture content.
Further, the distance between the floating peeling roller mounting frame and the fixed peeling roller mounting frame is zero, and the floating peeling roller is higher than the fixed peeling roller in the vertical direction.
Adopt above-mentioned further technical scheme's beneficial effect be, at this moment, the peeler is the height roller structure, can be applicable to the higher maize operation of skinning of moisture content.
Furthermore, a plurality of rocker arms are arranged on the floating peeling roller mounting rack; and the shaft of each floating peeling roller is connected to the mounting frame of the floating peeling roller through the rocker arm.
The floating peeling roller has the advantages that the floating peeling roller is easy to disassemble and convenient to replace in actual production.
Furthermore, an upper mounting hole and a lower mounting hole are formed in the rocker arm; the rocker arm is connected with the floating peeling roller mounting frame through an upper mounting hole or a lower mounting hole.
Adopt above-mentioned further technical scheme's beneficial effect be, make the rocking arm for with the height of unsteady peeling roller mounting bracket can obtain adjusting, and then adjust the height of the unsteady peeling roller that it corresponds.
Further, the upper end of the rocker arm is rotatably connected with the floating peeling roller through a bearing; the upper mounting hole and the lower mounting hole are positioned in the middle of the rocker arm and are rotatably connected with the floating debarking roller mounting frame; in the adjacent floating peeling roller sets, an adjusting spring is arranged between the lower ends of the two adjacent rocker arms.
Adopt above-mentioned further technical scheme's beneficial effect be, make adjacent floating peeling roller group in, the distance of two adjacent floating peeling rollers in the horizontal direction can obtain adjusting.
Furthermore, each floating peeling roller group is provided with two floating peeling rollers, and each fixed peeling roller group is provided with two fixed peeling rollers.
The further technical scheme has the beneficial effects that the adjacent floating peeling rollers and the fixed peeling rollers can rotate oppositely, so that the peeling efficiency is improved.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with examples which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the multifunctional corn husking device of the present invention comprises a plurality of floating husking roller sets, a plurality of fixed husking roller sets and a mounting frame, wherein the floating husking roller sets and the fixed husking roller sets are mounted on the mounting frame and horizontally arranged in an alternating manner; each floating peeling roller group comprises at least one floating peeling roller 1, and each fixed peeling roller group comprises at least one fixed peeling roller 2; the mounting rack comprises a floating peeling roller mounting rack 3 and a fixed peeling roller mounting rack 4; the floating peeling roller 1 is fixed on the floating peeling roller mounting frame 3, and the fixed peeling roller 2 is fixed on the fixed peeling roller mounting frame 4; the fixed peeling roller mounting rack 4 and the floating peeling roller mounting rack 3 are arranged up and down in the vertical direction and are connected with each other at an adjustable interval; through the spacing in the vertical direction between the floating peeling roller mounting frame 3 and the fixed peeling roller mounting frame 4, the distance between the floating peeling roller 1 and the fixed peeling roller 2 in the vertical direction can be adjusted, the conversion between the high-low roller and the flat roller of the corn peeling machine is realized, the adjustment mode is simplified, and the adjustment efficiency is greatly improved.
As shown in fig. 2, in the scheme, an adjusting rod 31 is arranged on the frame of the floating peeling roller mounting frame 3 along the vertical direction; a limiting piece 41 and a fixing piece 42 are arranged on the frame of the fixed peeling roller mounting frame 4, a hole matched with the adjusting rod 31 is formed in the limiting piece 41, and the adjusting rod 31 penetrates through the hole and is connected with the limiting piece 41 in a sliding manner; the fixing member 42 can fix the limiting member 41 to the adjusting lever 31; the distance between the floating debarking roller mounting rack 3 and the fixed debarking roller mounting rack 4 in the vertical direction is adjustable.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the fixing member 42 is a fastening nut; two fastening nuts are respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the limiting piece 41; after the position of the adjusting rod 31 relative to the position-limiting member 41 is determined, a set nut is mounted on the adjusting rod 31, and then the adjusting rod 31 passes through the hole of the position-limiting member 41, so that the position-limiting member 41 is positioned on the set nut; another fastening nut is mounted on the adjusting rod 31 and positioned on the upper part of the limiting member 41; the stop member 41 is restricted by the fastening nut to slide along the adjustment rod 31, so that the stop member 41 is fixed.
In the above embodiment, it is preferable that the adjusting lever 31 is located at least one corner of the floating debarking roller mounting frame 3; the position of the limiting member 41 and the fixing member 42 corresponds to the position of the adjusting lever 31; the stopper 41 and the adjustment lever 31 are easily adjusted.
In the above embodiment, preferably, when the distance between the floating debarking roller mounting frame 3 and the fixed debarking roller mounting frame 4 is adjusted, the adjustment can be performed through a hydraulic oil cylinder or an electric push rod; the adjustment efficiency is further improved.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the maximum distance between the floating debarking roller mounting bracket 3 and the fixed debarking roller mounting bracket 4 is the sum of the radius of the cross section of the floating debarking roller 1 and the radius of the cross section of the fixed debarking roller 2, and the minimum distance is zero; the distance in the range can ensure that the angle between the floating peeling roller 1 and the fixed peeling roller 2 is suitable for corn peeling operation in all regions and varieties.
In the above embodiment, preferably, when the distance between the floating debarking roller mounting bracket 3 and the fixed debarking roller mounting bracket 4 is the maximum distance, the floating debarking roller 1 and the fixed debarking roller 2 are located on the same horizontal plane; in this case, the husker is of a flat roll structure, and can be applied to corn husking operation with low water content.
In the above embodiment, preferably, when the distance between the floating debarking roller mounting bracket 3 and the fixed debarking roller mounting bracket 4 is zero, the floating debarking roller 1 is higher than the fixed debarking roller 2 in the vertical direction; at this time, the peeling machine has a high-low roller structure, and can be applied to corn peeling operation with high water content.
In the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, it is preferable that the floating debarking roller mounting bracket 3 is provided with a plurality of swing arms 32; the shaft of each floating peeling roller 1 is connected with the floating peeling roller mounting frame 3 through a rocker 32; the floating peeling roller 1 is easy to disassemble and convenient to replace in actual production.
As shown in fig. 3, in the above embodiment, preferably, the rocker arm 32 is provided with an upper mounting hole 321 and a lower mounting hole 322; the rocker 32 is connected with the floating debarking roller mounting frame 3 through an upper mounting hole 321 or a lower mounting hole 322; the height of the rocker 32 relative to the floating peeling roller mounting frame 3 can be adjusted, and then the height of the floating peeling roller 1 corresponding to the rocker is adjusted, so that the height of the floating peeling roller 1 on the floating peeling roller mounting frame 3 can be partially adjusted, and the peeling machine is adjusted to be in a form of a partial high-low roller partial flat roller, and the application range of the peeling machine is wider.
In the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the upper end of the swing arm 32 is preferably rotatably connected to the floating debarking roller 1 by a bearing; the upper mounting hole 321 and the lower mounting hole 322 are positioned in the middle of the rocker 32 and are rotatably connected with the floating debarking roller mounting bracket 3; in the adjacent floating peeling roller sets, an adjusting spring 5 is arranged between the lower ends of two adjacent rocker arms 32; through the tensioning of adjusting spring, make rocking arm 32 rotate for floating skinning roller mounting bracket 3 to adjust the distance of two adjacent rocking arm 32 upper ends, in making adjacent floating skinning roller group, the distance between two adjacent floating skinning rollers 1 can be adjusted.
In the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, it is preferable that two floating peeling rollers 1 are provided in each floating peeling roller group, and two fixed peeling rollers 2 are provided in each fixed peeling roller group; the adjacent floating peeling roller 1 and the fixed peeling roller 2 can rotate oppositely, and the peeling efficiency is improved.
According to the multifunctional corn husker, the floating husking roller 1 and the fixed husking roller 2 are respectively installed, so that the distance between the floating husking roller and the fixed husking roller in the vertical direction is adjusted, the conversion between a high-low roller and a flat roller of the husker can be simply, conveniently and quickly realized, and the application range of the husker is greatly increased.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.