CN111683757A - 绝缘静电辅助喷雾扩展器 - Google Patents

绝缘静电辅助喷雾扩展器 Download PDF

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CN111683757A
CN111683757A CN201880084487.2A CN201880084487A CN111683757A CN 111683757 A CN111683757 A CN 111683757A CN 201880084487 A CN201880084487 A CN 201880084487A CN 111683757 A CN111683757 A CN 111683757A
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spray
insulated
nozzle
droplets
extender
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CN111683757B (zh
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阿德里亚诺·马里恩
莱昂纳多·卡普里科恩·维加
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Brazil Maquinas Industrial Technology Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/043Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns using induction-charging
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/053Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
    • B05B5/0533Electrodes specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of electrodes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01MCATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/005Special arrangements or adaptations of the spraying or distributing parts, e.g. adaptations or mounting of the spray booms, mounting of the nozzles, protection shields
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01MCATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/0089Regulating or controlling systems
    • A01M7/0092Adding active material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/60Arrangements for mounting, supporting or holding spraying apparatus
    • B05B15/65Mounting arrangements for fluid connection of the spraying apparatus or its outlets to flow conduits
    • B05B15/658Mounting arrangements for fluid connection of the spraying apparatus or its outlets to flow conduits the spraying apparatus or its outlet axis being perpendicular to the flow conduit
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B05D1/04Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying involving the use of an electrostatic field

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

描述了一个绝缘静电辅助绝缘喷雾扩展器,安装在喷雾设备的喷杆上并且位于雾化喷雾液的液压喷嘴(20)附近,所述扩展器(10)装有一个绝缘内轴(12),以及一个外壳(111),内轴和外壳都具有翅片,用于供电电缆(30)通过以及放置一个为感应电极(151)提供高压的封装电气装置(13),所述感应电极围绕液压喷嘴(20)开口(21),导致介电击穿并且在雾化液滴中感生正电荷或负电荷,消除或减少感应电极(151)和喷杆(100)地线之间的电流损耗,以及使电流很难通过电缆(30)流失。

Description

绝缘静电辅助喷雾扩展器
发明领域
本发明描述了一个装在喷雾装置的喷杆上并且位于液化喷雾液的液压喷嘴附近的绝缘静电辅助喷雾扩展器,所述的扩展器装备有供供电电缆通过的绝缘内轴以及布置了一个密封电器设备向围绕液压喷嘴开口的感应电极供电,从而导致雾化液滴的介电破裂,消除或减少感应电极和供电电缆以及影响喷嘴效率和充分运行的其他电气部件的变湿,同时减少与机器结构的任何部分接触所引起的通过电缆的电流泄漏。
背景技术
静电辅助喷雾是一种可选的改进喷雾液在树叶上应用以减少残留和风吹损耗的方法。与传统方法相比,该系统具有更好的覆盖范围,因为它能产生薄的、均匀的、带电的液滴,减少滴落和漂移,使更多的液滴应用于作物。根据这一新的理念,带正电的薄液滴被带负电的树叶、树枝和树干吸引,从而获得非常高的速度趋向目标,无形中防止了蒸发的发生。
技术文献认为,静电喷雾是一种很有前途的减少农药施用过程中损失,易于减少大量推荐使用的活性成分并且提高生物效率的可选方法。
除了提高控制效率外,静电喷雾还减少了杀虫剂对土壤中生物的影响,因此土壤的损失比传统喷雾低20倍。
在静电喷雾时,液压喷嘴固定在喷杆上,具有一个喷雾液入口和一个空气入口。空气以非常高的速度穿过尖端,一旦它接触溶液,通过碰撞变成喷雾液滴。雾化的液滴通过电极,在这里液流感生出电子,气流携带的具有高静电电荷的液滴被强大的吸引力吸附到目标上(一个接地物体,在本例中为植物)。(最大电荷,2000)。
这一原理基于库仑定律,该定律认为相反的电荷相互吸引,或者更具体地说,不同的带电喷雾电荷相互吸引。带电的液滴产生的吸引力比重力高75倍。这意味着带电的液滴将反转其方向并逆重力运动,朝着所应用产品的表面移动。由于库仑力的作用,一旦被喷射的粒子带电,它们就会被吸引到一个物体上,排成一列,并将包裹物体所有的面。(最大电荷–(ESS)静电喷雾系统有限责任公司)。
为了使液压喷嘴产生的液滴带电,溶液应保持在零电压,并且液滴在保持高压的感应电极和液压喷嘴之间形成的强静电场中获得电荷。感应电极必须位于喷雾边缘区域(雾化区),距离足够短以避免电极和喷雾溶液之间的火花放电。
本实施例的示例在文件WO2017063065中进行了描述,该文件描述了一个耦合到液压喷嘴的感应装置,包括一个由高疏水性材料制成的感应电极的支撑结构和一个由不锈钢丝制成的小尺寸不锈钢环形几何感应电极,它在低压下工作,以减少带电液滴的反向吸引现象,该现象导致喷洒装置过湿,直接影响其工作效率,从而影响静电沉积过程的质量,还可以防止接触设备的表面上积聚过多的液体。
文件BR202014002428-5提到一个应用于静电喷雾器的构造性布置,其中喷嘴被延伸。因此这种结构形式提供了感应环的延伸,将其从固定在锥尖上的锁紧螺母移开,防止液体从流动中被喷射,喷嘴底部的流动入口配备有连接到流动入口分流器的防滴系统。
文件US43433描述了一种能够防止液滴漏电的静电喷雾装置,包括一个喷嘴、一个喷管和一个手柄,喷管的两端分别连接到喷嘴部分和手柄。喷嘴部分包括一个固定在喷管一端的底座,一个固定在底座上的喷嘴、一个围绕喷嘴布置的环形电极和一个向环形电极外缘延伸的支撑部分。喷管配有一个辅助手柄,带有一个降低的环形腔防止液体滴进入。
然而,在这些最新的文献中,在雾化区产生的液滴获得的电荷极性与感应电极相反,因此被其吸引,润湿感应电极及其支撑部分。带电粒子排在一起,甚至弄湿了电源线。在感应电极湿润后,观察到电极的高压与液压喷嘴之间短路,导致系统崩溃并严重削弱液滴带电。
为了避免这一缺点,最新技术描述了气动静电喷嘴,其特征是提供空气和液体的同心喷射流。因此,粉碎液体的同轴空气使带电的液滴不受电极的影响,另其保持干燥。
该技术解决方案的实例在文件US4489894中描述,该文件讲授了一种静电喷雾装置,该装置包括一个用于喷雾液的供给装置、一个具有喷雾液体入口和喷雾出口的喷头、一个安装在该装置上以便在喷雾出口区域施加电位差的电极,其中喷雾是感应充电的,抽吸是指去除沉积在电极上的液体。
文件GB2192351描述了一种适于在挤奶后清洁奶牛乳房的喷雾器,包括一个带喷嘴的静电喷头,用于产生喷雾并在喷嘴周围有一个电极。来自加压空气源的气流被引导到电极周围,以防止液体在电极上积聚。
文件JP2008142662描述了一种静电喷雾装置,其具有环形间隙设置在朝向喷雾目标和相反方向打开的喷嘴上。喷嘴有一层疏水涂层,使得喷射的液滴很难粘在喷嘴的外围。此外,向喷雾提供连续的气流,阻止液滴进入喷嘴。
然而,在这种利用空气将雾化液滴从感应环上移开的技术解决方案中,需要特定的压缩机来供给喷嘴,这将消耗大量的气体。
因此,在此领域进行了改进试验以减少带电液滴的反向吸引现象,这种现象会导致喷洒装置、感应电极和其他电气部件过度湿润,从而影响喷嘴的效率和充分运行。这些改进旨在消除每三小时关闭一次设备按照技术援助手册中的建议清洁喷嘴、电极和喷嘴附近电线的需要。
因此,本发明的客体是一种绝缘静电辅助喷雾扩展器,配备有外部覆盖层为内部绝缘体和安装在绝缘体内部的供电电缆提供额外保护,减少这些部件的湿润并防止感应环和喷杆之间的电流泄漏,所述绝缘扩展器不需要定期清洁,同时能够承受水或导电溶液的飞溅而不崩溃。
附图简介
图1显示了绝缘体和连接到喷雾设备喷杆的喷嘴的透视图。
图2显示了绝缘体的剖面图,显示内部绝缘棒用于连接感应电极的电气设备的供电电缆通过。
图3显示了带有外部覆盖物的绝缘体的透视图。
发明内容
本发明专利的客体,静电辅助喷洒扩展器(10)安装在地面农业喷洒设备的喷杆(100)上,位于使喷嘴(21)释放的喷雾溶液液滴雾化的液压喷嘴(20)附近,液滴穿过产生静电场使液滴带电的感应电极(151)时带电并对准要使用产品的表面。
绝缘扩展器(10)包括一个由疏水材料制成的外壳,其表面优选设有突片,所述外壳(111)设有绝缘内杆(12),其上端设有一开口(121)用于引入一个一端连接到由牵引车电池供电的高压电子模块,另一端连接位于所述有翅片的绝缘内杆(12)上的封装电气装置(13)的供电电缆(30),所述电气装置(13)为所述感应电极(151)供电。
在绝缘杆(121)的下端,设有弹簧(14),其自由端上连接有围绕着液压喷嘴(20)的喷嘴(21)的环形感应电极(151)的支架(15),所述支架(15)固定在弹簧(14)上便于连接到扩展器(10)。
围绕液压喷嘴(20)的喷嘴(21)的感应电极(151)使液体流感生电荷,因此液滴在离开液压喷嘴(20)的喷嘴(21)时带电。
优选地,在疏水材料的带有翅片的外壳(12)的顶部具有一个优选表面具有翅片的外部覆盖层(111)为外壳(12)提供额外保护,以防止绝缘内杆(12)浸湿。
扩展器(10)通过任意可确保其不动的支架固定在喷雾设备的喷杆(100)上。

Claims (3)

1.绝缘静电辅助喷雾扩展器安装在农用地面喷雾器的喷杆(100)上,位于雾化从喷嘴(21)释放的喷雾溶液液滴的液压喷嘴(20)附近,液滴在通过能产生使液滴带点的静电场的感应电极(151)时被充电并对准到将要应用产品的表面,特征在于,包括一个配备有绝缘内轴(12)的疏水性材料外壳(11),所述内轴(12)的上端部分具有开口(121),用于引入一端连接至由牵引车电池供电的高压电子模块,另一端连接至所述高压电子模块位于所述绝缘内轴(12)上的封装电气装置(13)的供电电缆(30),所述电气装置(13)向所述感应电极(151)供电,在所述绝缘轴(12)的下端设置弹簧(14),其自由端附着于环形感应电极(151)的支架(15)。
2.权利要求1的绝缘静电辅助喷雾扩展器,特征在于外壳(11)表面具有翅片。
3.权利要求1的绝缘静电辅助喷雾扩展器,特征在于外壳上带翅片的外部覆盖层(111)由疏水材料(11)制成。
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US20200254467A1 (en) 2020-08-13
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