CN111683031B - Method and system for controlling backscattering circuit based on multi-subcarrier modulation - Google Patents
Method and system for controlling backscattering circuit based on multi-subcarrier modulation Download PDFInfo
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for controlling a backscattering circuit based on multi-subcarrier modulation, which comprises the following steps: a multi-subcarrier modulation algorithm of the backscattering label; step M1: a phase-based digital oscillator that determines a final logic output 0/1; step M2: determining 0/1 a logic value of a control signal to be finally output to the radio frequency switch based on the output decision module according to the logic output of the digital oscillator of the plurality of phases; the output decision module is used for voting and selecting the logic value of the control signal finally output to the radio frequency switch by the logic output of the digital oscillators with multiple phases. The method of the present invention can be applied to any backscatter or backscatter circuit in the unconventional sense. The multi-carrier is realized as an algorithm of a digital domain without limitation to an analog circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method and system for controlling a backscatter circuit based on multi-subcarrier modulation, and more particularly, to an algorithm capable of implementing multi-subcarrier modulation and how to provide the output of the algorithm to the circuit without any limitation on the backscatter radio frequency circuit.
Background
Backscatter communications have attracted considerable attention in recent years in the field of the internet of things. The main characteristic is that the communication is realized by modulating the external electromagnetic wave. Since there is no need to actively generate electromagnetic waves, power consumption is very low, only a few tens of microwatts, even if Wi-Fi communication is generated (see Bryce Kellogg et al NSDI paper 2016). However, there are three problems with current backscatter devices: (a) low communication rate, (b) insufficient network capacity, and (c) insufficient support for long-distance protocols. In terms of rate, the current highest rate backscatter communication device can only upload data at the physical layer at 11Mbps (brece Kellogg, 2016). In terms of capacity, current backscatter devices can only support 48 devices communicating in the same Wi-Fi band. In support of long-distance protocols, the current backscatter system only supports the LoRa protocol (Vamsi Talla, Mehrdad Hessar,2017), and has no support capability for other long-distance protocols, such as LTE-M and other protocols. The multi-subcarrier modulation technology is greatly helpful for solving the three problems. The OFDM technology is a typical multi-subcarrier modulation technology, has extremely high frequency spectrum utilization rate and is suitable for high-speed communication; the OFDMA technology based on OFDM is a key technology for increasing capacity, and is applied to a new generation of 802.11 protocol and 4G,5G network; in addition, the LTE-M protocol also requires the implementation of multi-subcarrier modulation to be compatible with the physical layer mode of LTE.
Patent document CN106506426B (application number: 201610885466.3) discloses a backscatter communication modulation method based on an OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) carrier. The modulation method is used for a backscattering communication system, and the backscattering communication system comprises a radio frequency source, a reader and a label; the method mainly comprises the following steps: the radio frequency source transmits OFDM carrier signals to the label; the tag receives OFDM signals, and further comprises a backscattering antenna and a radio frequency energy collection module, wherein the radio frequency energy collection module is used for collecting energy of the OFDM signals in a tag environment, and the backscattering antenna is used for sending information bits to a reader; the reader receives and decodes the backscattered signal from the tag.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for controlling a backscatter circuit based on multi-subcarrier modulation.
The invention provides a method for controlling a backscattering circuit based on multi-subcarrier modulation, which comprises the following steps: a multi-subcarrier modulation algorithm of the backscattering label;
step M1: a phase-based digital oscillator, decision logic output 0/1;
step M2: determining 0/1 a logic value of a control signal to be finally output to the radio frequency switch based on the output decision module according to the logic output of the digital oscillator of the plurality of phases;
the output decision module is used for voting and selecting the logic value of the control signal finally output to the radio frequency switch by the logic output of the digital oscillators with multiple phases.
Preferably, the step M1 includes:
the digital oscillator based on the phase stores a specific phase in a register according to the subcarrier frequency of the digital oscillator of the phase and adds the specific phase with the phase stored in the original register every time according to a preset sampling clock; each time a particular phase is stored as a fixed value, the digital oscillator makes an interval decision based on the phase added value and then determines the logic output 0/1.
Preferably, the digital oscillator making interval judgment according to the phase addition value includes: and the digital oscillator makes interval judgment according to the decimal part after the phase addition and/or the digital oscillator makes uniform numerical value change according to the phase addition numerical value, so that decimal points in the phase addition numerical value move, and the phase addition integer is obtained to make interval judgment.
Preferably, the step M2 includes: multiple subcarrier modulation requires multiple digital oscillators, which provide multiple 0/1 outputs; and determining the logic value 0/1 of the control signal finally output to the radio frequency switch according to a voting method based on the output decision module.
Preferably, the voting method is output according to a plurality of logic values 0/1 provided by a plurality of digital oscillators, and when the number of logic values 0 is greater than the number of logic values 1, a logic value 0 is finally output; when the number of the logic values 0 is smaller than that of the logic values 1, finally outputting the logic values 1; when the number of logic values 0 is equal to the number of logic values 1, logic values 0 or logic values 1 are finally output.
Preferably, the carrier of the multi-subcarrier modulation algorithm of the backscatter tag comprises: a microcontroller and editable logic circuitry.
The invention provides a system for controlling a backscattering circuit based on multi-subcarrier modulation, which comprises the following components: a multi-subcarrier modulation algorithm of the backscattering label;
module M1: a phase-based digital oscillator, decision logic output 0/1;
module M2: determining 0/1 a logic value of a control signal to be finally output to the radio frequency switch based on the output decision module according to the logic output of the digital oscillator of the plurality of phases;
the output decision module is used for voting and selecting the logic value of the control signal finally output to the radio frequency switch by the logic output of the digital oscillators with multiple phases.
Preferably, said module M1 comprises:
the digital oscillator based on the phase stores a specific phase in a register according to the subcarrier frequency of the digital oscillator of the phase and adds the specific phase with the phase stored in the original register every time according to a preset sampling clock; every time the specific phase stored is a fixed value, the digital oscillator makes interval judgment according to the phase addition value, and then logic output 0/1 is determined;
the digital oscillator makes interval judgment according to the phase addition value, and the interval judgment comprises the following steps: and the digital oscillator makes interval judgment according to the decimal part after the phase addition and/or the digital oscillator makes uniform numerical value change according to the phase addition numerical value, so that decimal points in the phase addition numerical value move, and the phase addition integer is obtained to make interval judgment.
Preferably, said module M2 comprises: multiple subcarrier modulation requires multiple digital oscillators, which provide multiple 0/1 outputs; based on the output decision module, according to the voting method, the logic value 0/1 of the control signal finally output to the radio frequency switch is determined;
the voting method is output according to a plurality of logic values 0/1 provided by a plurality of digital oscillators, and when the number of logic values 0 is greater than the number of logic values 1, the logic value 0 is finally output; when the number of the logic values 0 is smaller than that of the logic values 1, finally outputting the logic values 1; when the number of logic values 0 is equal to the number of logic values 1, logic values 0 or logic values 1 are finally output.
Preferably, the carrier of the multi-subcarrier modulation algorithm of the backscatter tag comprises: a microcontroller and editable logic circuitry.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method provided by the invention can enable the backscattering equipment to realize multi-subcarrier modulation, thereby supporting wider communication protocols.
2. The method of the invention enables the backscatter devices to communicate in an OFDM manner, thereby achieving higher spectral efficiency.
3. The method of the present invention can be applied to any backscatter or backscatter circuit in the unconventional sense. The algorithm that the multi-carrier is a digital domain is realized, and the analog circuit is not limited;
4. the final output is a 1bit logic control signal, so that the circuit is compatible with any existing backscattering circuit; this is because backscatter communications naturally require a switching function of impedance; the logic signal generated by the algorithm provided by the invention can be used for controlling the impedance switching. The logic signal generated by the algorithm provided by the invention can be used for controlling impedance switching.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary design of a phase based digital oscillator according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an output decision device for deciding an output according to inputs of a plurality of digital oscillators according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a multi-subcarrier modulation technology suitable for backscattering communication. The technology is an algorithm of a digital domain, can support multi-subcarrier modulation only by two switchable impedances on a radio frequency circuit, and can be suitable for most of the existing backscatter circuits.
Examples1
The invention provides a method for controlling a backscattering circuit based on multi-subcarrier modulation, which comprises the following steps: a multi-subcarrier modulation algorithm of the backscattering label; as shown in fig. 2, four digital oscillators are adopted in fig. 2 for example only, and the number of digital oscillators or the number of subcarriers is not limited in the present invention;
step M1: a phase-based digital oscillator, decision logic output 0/1;
specifically, the step M1 includes:
the digital oscillator based on the phase stores a specific phase in a register according to the subcarrier frequency of the digital oscillator of the phase and adds the specific phase with the phase stored in the original register every time according to a preset sampling clock; each time a particular phase is stored as a fixed value, the digital oscillator makes an interval decision based on the phase added value and then determines the logic output 0/1.
The phase stored by the original register means that the register is a storage device, and a value is stored in the register. After initialization, this value is 0. This value will change as the system runs (since our algorithm will assign a new value to it). The phase is represented by this value. So the phase stored here is said to refer to the value in the current register.
The phase stored by the next clock of the register is equal to the original phase (in the register) + Delta phase. Wherein the Delta phase is a fixed value under the condition that the subcarrier is fixed, and Delta \ phi is k/N. Where k is the subcarrier number and N is a constant (total number of subcarriers in the system). Of course, if we change the sub-carriers allocated to this device, k will change and Delta phase will also change.
Specifically, the digital oscillator performing interval judgment according to the phase addition value includes: and the digital oscillator makes interval judgment according to the decimal part after the phase addition and/or the digital oscillator makes uniform numerical value change according to the phase addition numerical value, so that decimal points in the phase addition numerical value move, and the phase addition integer is obtained to make interval judgment.
Step M2: determining 0/1 a logic value of a control signal to be finally output to the radio frequency switch based on the output decision module according to the logic output of the digital oscillator of the plurality of phases; namely, a control signal for controlling the radio frequency switch is derived from a multi-subcarrier modulation algorithm;
the output decision module is used for voting and selecting the logic value of the control signal finally output to the radio frequency switch by the logic output of the digital oscillators with multiple phases.
For example: and a oscillators work independently, and according to the rule, the a oscillators can generate 0/1 output with 2^ a possibilities. In the chip, the operations of a oscillators are parallel, and the outputs are also simultaneous. However, the signal that our backscatter device ultimately controls the RF switch cannot have a signals, and the final output can only be determined by a logic signal 0/1. This is the role of the output decision block to vote whether to finally be 0 or 1 based on the output results of the a oscillators.
Specifically, the step M2 includes: multiple subcarrier modulation requires multiple digital oscillators, which provide multiple 0/1 outputs; and determining the logic value 0/1 of the control signal finally output to the radio frequency switch according to a voting method based on the output decision module.
Specifically, the voting method is to output a plurality of logic values 0/1 according to a plurality of digital oscillators, and when the number of logic values 0 is greater than the number of logic values 1, a logic value 0 is finally output; when the number of the logic values 0 is smaller than that of the logic values 1, finally outputting the logic values 1; when the number of logic values 0 is equal to the number of logic values 1, logic values 0 or logic values 1 are finally output.
Specifically, the carrier of the multi-subcarrier modulation algorithm of the backscattering tag comprises: a Microcontroller (MCU) and editable logic circuitry, such as a PLD/CPLD/FPGA.
Other active/passive circuits that use the multi-subcarrier modulation algorithm of the present invention, such as: the state of the switching power amplifier is utilized on the active radio frequency circuit, and the multi-subcarrier modulation algorithm is used, namely the multi-subcarrier modulation algorithm based on the invention is used for controlling the state of the switching power amplifier on the active radio frequency circuit.
The final output is a 1bit logic control signal, so that the circuit is compatible with any existing backscattering circuit; this is because backscatter communications naturally require a switching function of impedance; the logic signal generated by the algorithm provided by the invention can be used for controlling the impedance switching.
The invention provides a system for controlling a backscattering circuit based on multi-subcarrier modulation, which comprises the following components: a multi-subcarrier modulation algorithm of the backscattering label;
module M1: a phase-based digital oscillator, decision logic output 0/1;
specifically, the module M1 includes:
as shown in fig. 1, the phase-based digital oscillator stores a specific phase in a register according to a preset sampling clock each time according to a subcarrier frequency of the phase-based digital oscillator, and adds the specific phase to a phase stored in the original register; each time a particular phase is stored as a fixed value, the digital oscillator makes an interval decision based on the phase added value and then determines the logic output 0/1.
The phase stored by the original register means that the register is a storage device, and a value is stored in the register. After initialization, this value is 0. This value will change as the system runs (since our algorithm will assign a new value to it). The phase is represented by this value. So the phase stored here is said to refer to the value in the current register.
The phase stored by the next clock of the register is equal to the original phase (in the register) + Delta phase. Wherein the Delta phase is a fixed value under the condition that the subcarrier is fixed, and Delta \ phi is k/N. Where k is the subcarrier number and N is a constant (total number of subcarriers in the system). Of course, if we change the sub-carriers allocated to this device, k will change and Delta phase will also change.
Specifically, the digital oscillator performing interval judgment according to the phase addition value includes: and the digital oscillator makes interval judgment according to the decimal part after the phase addition and/or the digital oscillator makes uniform numerical value change according to the phase addition numerical value, so that decimal points in the phase addition numerical value move, and the phase addition integer is obtained to make interval judgment.
Module M2: determining 0/1 a logic value of a control signal to be finally output to the radio frequency switch based on the output decision module according to the logic output of the digital oscillator of the plurality of phases; namely, a control signal for controlling the radio frequency switch is derived from a multi-subcarrier modulation algorithm;
the output decision module is used for voting and selecting the logic value of the control signal finally output to the radio frequency switch by the logic output of the digital oscillators with multiple phases.
For example: and a oscillators work independently, and according to the rule, the a oscillators can generate 0/1 output with 2^ a possibilities. In the chip, the operations of a oscillators are parallel, and the outputs are also simultaneous. However, the signal that our backscatter device ultimately controls the RF switch cannot have a signals, and the final output can only be determined by a logic signal 0/1. This is the role of the output decision block to vote whether to finally be 0 or 1 based on the output results of the a oscillators.
Specifically, the module M2 includes: multiple subcarrier modulation requires multiple digital oscillators, which provide multiple 0/1 outputs; and determining the logic value 0/1 of the control signal finally output to the radio frequency switch according to a voting method based on the output decision module.
Specifically, the voting method is to output a plurality of logic values 0/1 according to a plurality of digital oscillators, and when the number of logic values 0 is greater than the number of logic values 1, a logic value 0 is finally output; when the number of the logic values 0 is smaller than that of the logic values 1, finally outputting the logic values 1; when the number of logic values 0 is equal to the number of logic values 1, logic values 0 or logic values 1 are finally output.
Specifically, the carrier of the multi-subcarrier modulation algorithm of the backscattering tag comprises: a Microcontroller (MCU) and editable logic circuitry, such as a PLD/CPLD/FPGA.
Other active/passive circuits that use the multi-subcarrier modulation algorithm of the present invention, such as: the state of the switching power amplifier is utilized on the active radio frequency circuit, and the multi-subcarrier modulation algorithm is used, namely the multi-subcarrier modulation algorithm based on the invention is used for controlling the state of the switching power amplifier on the active radio frequency circuit.
The final output is a 1bit logic control signal, so that the circuit is compatible with any existing backscattering circuit; this is because backscatter communications naturally require a switching function of impedance; the logic signal generated by the algorithm provided by the invention can be used for controlling the impedance switching.
Example 2
Example 2 is a modification of example 1
The digital oscillator makes interval judgment according to the phase addition value, and the interval judgment comprises the following steps: and the digital oscillator makes interval judgment according to the decimal part after the phase addition and/or the digital oscillator makes uniform numerical value change according to the phase addition numerical value, so that decimal points in the phase addition numerical value move, and the phase addition integer is obtained to make interval judgment.
For convenience of description, it is specified here that the phase is equal to physical phase/2. However, the actual calculation in the chip uses fixed point numbers, which can be mapped with the phase therein, for example, uniformly multiplied by 1024, which results in the shift of decimal point. As an example, 0.5 of the physical world can be represented as 512 (by 1024) in the chip, and can be stored in the chip in the form of 10-bit unsigned integer, in this case, the integer part is n times 1024, and the decimal part is a part less than 1024, so that when we add, the operation of discarding the integer part and the decimal part in the physical world is equivalent to only retaining the lowest 10 bits and discarding the carry bit of the 11 th bit which may be generated by adding two 10bit numbers. Both of these methods are essentially equivalent.
Example 3
Example 3 is a modification of example 1 and/or example 2
The digital oscillator makes interval judgment according to the decimal part after the phase addition, and the interval judgment comprises the following steps:
the simplest interval is (0,0.5) judged to be "0"; (0.5,1) is judged as "1". A case greater than 1 does not exist because the integer part has been discarded. Nor less than 0 because the phase storage format is unsigned positive. This is of course not the only decision interval, as long as it is satisfied that the two intervals are complementary between (0,1), and each occupy a length of 0.5 (but are contiguous). For example, (0,0.1) and (0.6,1) may be determined as "0" or (0.1,0.6) may be determined as "1". There are numerous such options. The 0 phase and the 1 phase, according to the previous mapping rules, should be actually 0 and 2 pi before normalization, so these two points are the same point, and thus (0,0.1) and (0.6,1) are a continuous interval.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, in addition to implementing the systems, apparatus, and various modules thereof provided by the present invention in purely computer readable program code, the same procedures can be implemented entirely by logically programming method steps such that the systems, apparatus, and various modules thereof are provided in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers and the like. Therefore, the system, the device and the modules thereof provided by the present invention can be considered as a hardware component, and the modules included in the system, the device and the modules thereof for implementing various programs can also be considered as structures in the hardware component; modules for performing various functions may also be considered to be both software programs for performing the methods and structures within hardware components.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (8)
1. A method for controlling a backscatter circuit based on multi-subcarrier modulation, comprising: a multi-subcarrier modulation algorithm of the backscattering label;
step M1: the digital oscillator based on the phase stores a specific phase in a register according to a preset sampling clock and the subcarrier frequency of the digital oscillator based on the phase each time, the specific phase stored in the register each time is a fixed value, the digital oscillator makes interval judgment according to the phase addition value, and then logic output 0/1 is determined;
the digital oscillator makes interval judgment according to the phase addition value, and the interval judgment comprises the following steps: the digital oscillator makes interval judgment according to the decimal part after phase addition and/or the digital oscillator makes uniform numerical value change according to the phase addition numerical value, so that decimal points in the phase addition numerical value move to obtain a phase addition integer for interval judgment;
step M2: determining 0/1 a logic output of a control signal to be finally output to the radio frequency switch based on the output decision module according to the logic outputs of the digital oscillators of the plurality of phases;
the output decision module is used for voting and selecting the logic value of the control signal finally output to the radio frequency switch by the logic output of the digital oscillator with a plurality of phases.
2. The method for controlling a backscatter circuit based on multi-subcarrier modulation according to claim 1, wherein the step M2 comprises: multiple subcarrier modulation requires multiple digital oscillators, which provide multiple 0/1 outputs; and determining the logic value 0/1 of the control signal finally output to the radio frequency switch according to a voting method based on the output decision module.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the voting method is based on a plurality of logic values 0/1 provided by a plurality of digital oscillators, and when the number of logic values 0 is greater than the number of logic values 1, a logic value 0 is finally output; when the number of the logic values 0 is smaller than that of the logic values 1, finally outputting the logic values 1; when the number of logic values 0 is equal to the number of logic values 1, logic values 0 or logic values 1 are finally output.
4. The method for controlling a backscatter circuit based on multi-subcarrier modulation of claim 1, wherein the carrier of the multi-subcarrier modulation algorithm of the backscatter tag comprises: a microcontroller and editable logic circuitry.
5. A system for controlling a backscatter circuit based on multi-subcarrier modulation, comprising: a multi-subcarrier modulation algorithm of the backscattering label;
module M1: the digital oscillator based on the phase stores a specific phase in a register according to a preset sampling clock and the subcarrier frequency of the digital oscillator based on the phase each time, the specific phase stored in the register each time is a fixed value, the digital oscillator makes interval judgment according to the phase addition value, and then logic output 0/1 is determined;
the digital oscillator makes interval judgment according to the phase addition value, and the interval judgment comprises the following steps: the digital oscillator makes interval judgment according to the decimal part after phase addition and/or the digital oscillator makes uniform numerical value change according to the phase addition numerical value, so that decimal points in the phase addition numerical value move to obtain a phase addition integer for interval judgment;
module M2: determining 0/1 a logic output of a control signal to be finally output to the radio frequency switch based on the output decision module according to the logic outputs of the digital oscillators of the plurality of phases;
the output decision module is used for voting and selecting the logic value of the control signal finally output to the radio frequency switch by the logic output of the digital oscillator with a plurality of phases.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the module M1 comprises:
the digital oscillator based on the phase stores a specific phase in a register according to the subcarrier frequency of the digital oscillator of the phase and adds the specific phase with the phase stored in the original register every time according to a preset sampling clock; every time the specific phase stored is a fixed value, the digital oscillator makes interval judgment according to the phase addition value, and then logic output 0/1 is determined;
the digital oscillator makes interval judgment according to the phase addition value, and the interval judgment comprises the following steps: and the digital oscillator makes interval judgment according to the decimal part after the phase addition and/or the digital oscillator makes uniform numerical value change according to the phase addition numerical value, so that decimal points in the phase addition numerical value move, and the phase addition integer is obtained to make interval judgment.
7. The system of claim 5, wherein the module M2 comprises: multiple subcarrier modulation requires multiple digital oscillators, which provide multiple 0/1 outputs; based on the output decision module, according to the voting method, the logic value 0/1 of the control signal finally output to the radio frequency switch is determined;
the voting method is output according to a plurality of logic values 0/1 provided by a plurality of digital oscillators, and when the number of logic values 0 is greater than the number of logic values 1, the logic value 0 is finally output; when the number of the logic values 0 is smaller than that of the logic values 1, finally outputting the logic values 1; when the number of logic values 0 is equal to the number of logic values 1, logic values 0 or logic values 1 are finally output.
8. The system of claim 5, wherein the carrier of the multiple subcarrier modulation algorithm of the backscatter tag comprises: a microcontroller and editable logic circuitry.
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| WO2021228279A1 (en) | 2021-11-18 |
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