CN111681783B - Laser fusion ignition device and fusion ignition method - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a laser fusion ignition device, which comprises: a laser source; two identical mutually separated hollow compression cones for filling with fuel for fusion, each of said two compression cones being provided with a hole at the cone top and an open cone bottom, said two compression cones being made of metal, coaxial and with the cone tops opposite; the ignition assembly is used for heating the fuel which is sprayed out of the holes of the two compression cones and collided so as to generate fusion ignition; the laser source generates multiple paths of laser pulses, and the fuel is irradiated from the cone bottom of each of the two compression cones to the cone top direction respectively, so that the fuel is ejected out of the holes of the two compression cones oppositely and collided. The laser fusion ignition device can reduce the energy of laser for implementing fusion compression and ignition, and can improve the stability of laser fusion ignition. A laser fusion ignition method is also disclosed.

Description

A laser fusion ignition device and fusion ignition method

technical field

The present application relates to the field of laser-driven inertial confinement fusion, in particular to a laser fusion ignition device and a laser fusion ignition method.

Background technique

The laser fusion process is highly complex due to highly complex intrinsic physical problems such as laser plasma parametric instability, hydrodynamic instability, and implosion mixing process in the laser fusion (ICF) process.

It is expected that a laser fusion ignition device and corresponding ignition method can substantially reduce the complexity of the laser fusion ignition process and reduce the total demand for laser energy in the laser fusion compression and ignition process.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In one aspect, a laser fusion ignition device is disclosed that includes a laser source; two identical mutually separated hollow compression cones for charging fuel for fusion, each of the two compression cones The top of the cone is provided with a hole, the bottom of the cone is open, the two compression cones are made of metal, coaxial and the cone tops are opposite; The ejected and collided fuel is heated to cause fusion ignition; wherein the laser source generates multiple laser pulses, respectively, from the bottom of each of the two compression cones toward the top of the cone The fuel is irradiated in a direction so that the fuel is ejected from the holes of the two compression cones toward each other and collides.

In some embodiments, the two compression cones are made of gold, the plane projection angle thereof is 90-120 degrees, the distance between the tops of the cones is 80-120 microns, and the inner diameter of the holes is 80-120 microns, The fuel is a frozen spherical shell-shaped deuterium-tritium fuel with an inner diameter of 400-2000 microns and a thickness of 40-100 microns.

In some embodiments, the multiplexed laser pulses generated by the laser source include: multiplexed compression laser pulses irradiated in opposite directions in the two compression cones to compress the fuel near-isentropically; and An accelerated laser pulse is irradiated on the near-isentropically compressed fuel to accelerate the ejection of the fuel from the orifice.

In some embodiments, the pulse width of the compressed laser pulse is 3-15 nanoseconds, the maximum power is 0.5-1 terawatt, the pulse width of the accelerating laser pulse is 50-500 picoseconds, and the maximum power is 70- 90 terawatts.

In some embodiments, the ignition assembly includes a plurality of separate hollow ignition cones, the plurality of ignition cones are made of metal, and the cone tops of the plurality of ignition cones are closed, opposite and adjacent to each other The cone tops of the two compression cones and the cone bottoms of the plurality of ignition cones are open; the laser pulses generated by the laser source further comprise multiple lasers for fusion ignition of the collided fuels a pulse, respectively irradiating the inside of the cone from the cone bottom of each of the plurality of ignition cones toward the cone top direction to generate electrons; and the ignition assembly further includes a magnetic field source, the magnetic field source is in the two ignition cones. A magnetic field is applied to and around the apex of each compression cone, directing the electrons to the region of the fuel where they collide

In another aspect, a laser fusion ignition method is also disclosed, comprising: charging fuel for fusion in two identical mutually separated hollow compression cones, each of the two compression cones having a The top of the cone is provided with a hole, the bottom of the cone is open, the two compression cones are made of metal, coaxial and the cone tops are opposite; the laser pulse is respectively directed from the cone bottom of each of the two compression cones to the cone The fuel is irradiated in the top direction so that the fuel is ejected from the holes of the two compression cones and collides with each other; The colliding said fuel heats up, causing it to fuse and ignite.

In some embodiments, the two compression cones are made of gold, the plane projection angle thereof is 90-120 degrees, the distance between the tops of the cones is 80-120 microns, and the inner diameter of the holes is 80-120 microns, The fuel is a frozen spherical shell-shaped deuterium-tritium fuel with an inner diameter of 400-2000 microns and a thickness of 40-100 microns.

In some embodiments, the two compression cones are irradiated oppositely in the two compression cones using multiplexed compression laser pulses; and after the near-isentropic compression using multiplexed acceleration laser pulses on the fuel to accelerate the fuel ejection from the hole.

In some embodiments, the pulse width of the compressed laser pulse is 3-15 nanoseconds, the maximum power is 0.5-1 terawatt, the pulse width of the accelerating laser pulse is 50-500 picoseconds, and the maximum power is 70- 90 terawatts.

In some embodiments, fusion ignition of the collided fuel includes: using multiple laser pulses, respectively irradiating from the base of each of the plurality of spaced apart hollow ignition cones toward the cone apex inside a cone to generate electrons, the plurality of ignition cones are made of metal, the cone tops of the plurality of ignition cones are closed, opposite each other and close to the cone tops of the two compression cones, the plurality of The cone bottom of the ignition cone is open; and a magnetic field is applied to the cone tops of the two compression cones and their surroundings to guide the electrons to the area where the fuel collides.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laser fusion ignition device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is an example of a laser fusion ignition method according to an embodiment of the present application;

3 is a schematic diagram according to an embodiment of the present application;

4 is a waveform of a compressed laser pulse according to an embodiment of the present application;

5 is a waveform of an accelerated laser pulse according to an embodiment of the present application;

6 is a schematic diagram according to an embodiment of the present application;

7 is a waveform of a heating laser pulse according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic field generated by an ignition assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

The present application proposes a laser fusion ignition device, which utilizes a high-power laser to compress, ablate, and accelerate the fuel in a conical structure, and combines the lateral pinch action of the conical structure to realize a three-dimensional spherically symmetric centripetal implosion of the fuel , so as to achieve laser fusion ignition. Among them, the fuel is a fuel capable of fusion, such as deuterium-tritium.

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are assigned to components having substantially the same or similar structures and functions, and repeated descriptions about them will be omitted.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment 100 of the laser fusion ignition device of the present application along the cone axis SS' of the two compression cones 110 .

The laser fusion ignition device 100 includes two identical hollow compression cones 110 separated from each other for filling fuel 130. The position of the fuel 130 in FIG. 1 is the initial position of the fuel, and the shape of the fuel can be determined according to the actual situation . The top of each compression cone 110 is provided with a hole 111, the bottom of the cone is open, the two compression cones are made of metal, coaxial SS', and the tops of the cones are opposite.

A laser source (not shown in FIG. 1 ) generates multiple laser pulses 140, irradiates the fuel 130 from the bottom of each compression cone 110 toward the top of the cone, and compresses, burns, and impacts the fuel 130, so that the fuel 130 is compressed, burned, and impacted. Each compression cone 110 is ejected from the hole 111 at the top of the cone and collides with each other. The ignition assembly 120 is adjacent to the cone tops of the two compression cones 110. When the fuel 130 is ejected from the two holes 111 and collides, the ignition assembly 120 rapidly heats the fuel to cause fusion ignition.

The shape of the fuel 130 can be set according to the actual application, for example, for the deuterium-tritium fuel, it can be a hollow spherical shell in a frozen state, and the freezing temperature can be an absolute temperature of 2.5K; wherein, the ignition assembly 120 shown in FIG. The location and shape of the ignition assembly 120 are only for illustration, and do not impose any restrictions on the location and shape of the ignition assembly 120. The ignition assembly 120 may include multiple components, for example, may include multiple ignition cones, which may be ejected from the hole 111 and collide with each other. The fuel is heated rapidly, and the ignition assembly can also include a magnetic field source to apply a magnetic field to the collided fuel to improve the heating efficiency and promote the fusion ignition process; during the entire process of laser fusion ignition, the laser source (not shown in Figure 1) ) Different laser pulses can be generated at different stages according to actual needs. For example, the waveform and power can be different, the number of beams of laser pulses can be different, the number of various laser pulses can be different, and the time between various laser pulses can be different. The delay can be set and controlled by electrical circuit and optical path.

In some embodiments, the two compression cones 110 are made of a metal with a high atomic number and a high modulus of elasticity, preferably gold. The plane projection angle of each compression cone is 90°-120° (the corresponding spatial solid angle is 0.58-1π), the inner diameter of the hole 111 at the top of the cone is 80-120 microns, and the cone tops of the two compression cones 110 80-120 microns apart.

According to one embodiment, the fuel 130 is deuterium-tritium, the freezing temperature is 2.5K absolute, and the fuel 130 is spherical shell with an inner diameter of 400-2000 microns and a thickness of 40-100 microns.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a laser fusion ignition method 200 according to one embodiment of the present application, which decomposes the laser fusion process into 4 steps: isentropic compression step 210 , ablation shock mixing acceleration step 220 , collision preheating step 230 and fusion ignition step 240 .

FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a combination of a laser fusion ignition device 300 and a laser fusion ignition method 200 according to an embodiment of the present application.

The two compression cones 110 are coaxial SS'. In the near-isentropic compression step 210 , the laser source generates compressed laser pulses 141 , which irradiate the fuel 130 from the bottom of each compression cone 110 toward the top of the cone, respectively, to perform near-isentropic compression on the fuel 130 . In the ablation shock mixing acceleration step 220, the laser source generates accelerated laser pulses 142, which are irradiated on the fuel 130 from the cone bottom of each compression cone 110 to the cone top direction, further compressing the fuel 130, and burning the fuel 130. The erosion pressure is guided along the axial direction of the compression cones 110 , so that the fuel 130 is accelerated longitudinally to a higher kinetic energy and ejected from the holes 111 of each compression cone 110 . At this time, the collision preheating step 230 is entered, and the two clusters of fuel 130 in the form of high-density plasma move toward each other and collide. 240. The ignition assembly 120 heats the collided fuel 130, so that the collided fuel 130 is fused and ignited. In practical application, the compressed laser pulse 141 and the accelerated laser pulse 142 may include multiple laser pulses, and each laser pulse may include multiple consecutive laser pulses. The ignition assembly 120 may be of any practicable shape and may include multiple components.

Traditional laser fusion ignition is a highly complex process. The laser fusion ignition device 100 or 500 of the present application simplifies the spherically symmetric implosion by centripetal implosion along the conical structure (ie, the compressed cone), relaxes the symmetry requirements for the spherically symmetric implosion, and then detonates the centripetal implosion. The complex physical process of compression and simultaneous heating and ignition is effectively decomposed into four closely related decompositions, namely, isentropic compression process, ablation shock mixing acceleration process (ie, high-density plasma acceleration process), collision preheating process and fusion ignition process. The physical process greatly saves the energy of the compression laser and the ignition laser, reduces the requirement for the uniform smoothing of the compression laser irradiation, and substantially reduces the difficulty of achieving laser fusion ignition. Hereinafter, each specific step will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

In the near-isentropic compression step 210 , the laser source generates multiple compressed laser pulses, and these compressed laser pulses irradiate the fuel 130 from the bottom of each compressed cone 110 to the top of the cone at the same time, respectively. Perform near-isentropic compression. Near-isentropic compression of the fuel 130 in the compression cone 110 is achieved under the combined action of the longitudinal near-isentropic ablation compression of the multiplexed compression laser pulses and the lateral pinch of the compression cone 110 .

Figure 4 is an example of a compressed laser pulse employed by one embodiment of the present application. The compressed laser pulse is a double oblique wave combination pulse, the pulse width is 3-15 nanoseconds, preferably 5-10 nanoseconds, and the maximum power is 0.5-1 terawatt.

According to an embodiment, the laser source uses 16-32 multiplexed compressed laser pulses to be superimposed on the fuel loaded in each compression cone 110 in the form of dynamic focusing, such as the surface of the deuterium-tritium fuel spherical shell, and the near-isentropic compression is adopted. The method compresses the fuel 130 (eg, deuterium-tritium fuel) within the compression cone 110 to a high-density, low-temperature plasma state. During the compression process, due to the near-isentropic compression of the deuterium-tritium plasma by the double oblique wave combination pulse, a good compression effect can be obtained, and the lower light intensity of the first oblique wave in the near-isentropic compression stage is also The early development of laser plasma parametric instability and the development of fluid instability can be suppressed.

According to one embodiment, the waveform of the compressed laser pulse is subjected to beam smoothing.

In the ablation shock mixing acceleration step 220, the laser source generates multiple accelerated laser pulses, and these accelerated laser pulses irradiate the fuel 130 simultaneously from the bottom of each compression cone 110 toward the top of the cone, and will pass through the After near-isentropic compression, the fuel 130 in the form of high-density plasma is further compressed and guided along the axial direction of the compression cone by the ablation pressure, so that the fuel 130 is accelerated longitudinally to higher kinetic energy, from each compression cone 110 is ejected from the hole 111.

5 is a waveform of an accelerated laser pulse according to one embodiment of the present application. The pulse width of the accelerated laser pulse is 50-500 picoseconds, preferably 100 picoseconds, and the maximum power is 70-90 terawatts.

According to one embodiment, the laser source uses 4 to 8 multi-channel accelerated laser pulses to be superimposed and focused into each compressed gold cone 110, and the fuel 130, which is converted into a high-density plasma form after being impacted and compressed, is ablated, so that the fuel 130 obtains With further compression, the fuel density at the holes 111 can reach a maximum of 150 g/cm 3 , and the fuel 130 is accelerated to be ejected from each hole 111 , and the ejection speed can reach 300 km/s.

According to one embodiment, after the near-isentropic compression step 210 is completed, the accelerated laser pulse is sent after a delay of -100ps to +100ps, that is, the accelerated laser pulse is sent with a delay of -100ps to +100ps at the tail of the multiplexed compressed laser pulse.

After the fuel is sprayed from the two holes 111 respectively, the collision preheating step 230 is entered. The tops of the two compression cones are opposite to each other, and the two groups of fuel 130 that are accelerated and ejected from the two holes 111 have high speed and high kinetic energy and move towards each other in the form of high-density plasma. During the collision, the density of the fuel is multiplied to the density required for fusion. At this time, the highest density of fuel can reach 300g/cm3. At the same time, the kinetic energy of the fuel before the collision will also be converted into heat energy under the action of the collision, so that after the collision, the fuel 130 in the form of high-density plasma is preheated to more than 1 kiloelectron volt (1 electron volt). Volt=11604.5K), and the high-density state of the fuel core region can maintain inertial confinement time of hundreds of picoseconds or more.

In the fusion ignition step 240, the ignition assembly 120 heats the collided fuel 130 to cause fusion ignition.

The ignition assembly 120 may include multiple components, which may be the same. The ignition assembly 120 can be any feasible device as long as it can heat the colliding fuel 130 to cause fusion ignition.

According to one embodiment, the ignition assembly 120 is adjacent to the bore 111 of the compression cone 110 .

According to one embodiment, the ignition assembly 120 includes a plurality of separate hollow ignition cones made of metal with closed cone tops, the cone tops of each ignition cone facing each other and adjacent to the two compression cones The top of the cone of the body 110. The cone bases of these ignition cones are open.

According to one embodiment, the respective ignition cones are arranged around the center point of the two compression cones.

In the fusion ignition step 240, laser light from the laser source may be injected into the ignition cone. In some embodiments, the metal from which the ignition cone is made is a high atomic number metal, such as gold.

According to one embodiment, the plane projection angle of each ignition cone is 45-90 degrees, and is made of gold.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment 600 of the laser fusion ignition device of the present application. The ignition assembly 120 includes four ignition cones 121, which are divided into two groups, each group has two ignition cones, and the two ignition cones in the same group are coaxial. , the top of the cone is opposite. The axes PP' and QQ' of the two groups of ignition cones are on a plane perpendicular to the axes SS' of the two compression cones, and the three axes are perpendicular to each other and intersect at the same point, that is, the two compression cones 110 the center point. The four ignition cones 121 are symmetrically arranged around the center point, and the cone tops are close to the center point.

In the fusion ignition step 240, the laser source generates ignition laser pulses 143, which may include multiple laser pulses, which may be multiple beams. The ignition laser pulse 143 is injected into the ignition cone 121 from the cone bottom of each ignition cone 121 toward the cone top direction, so that the ignition cone 121 releases superheat electrons with an energy of the order of megaelectron volts. Under the axial guidance of the ignition cone, the superhot electrons reach the vicinity of the top of the compression cone, and are used to heat the fuel 130 in the region where they are located. The fuel 130 in the high-density plasma state can be heated to the temperature required for fusion ignition, Fusion ignition thus occurs.

According to one embodiment, the apexes of the two firing cones in each set of firing cones are 80-120 microns apart.

According to one embodiment, the ignition laser pulses have a width of 1-20 picoseconds and a maximum power of 1 petawatt (1000 terawatts). FIG. 7 shows one embodiment of the ignition laser pulse of the present application.

According to one embodiment, the ignition laser pulse is delayed relative to the acceleration laser pulse by about 100-400 picoseconds.

The above-mentioned superhot electrons have a relatively large self-generated divergence angle, usually 45-60 degrees, due to the physical mechanism of their generation. Therefore, it is not guaranteed that all of the superhot electrons will reach the area where the fuel 130 is located after the collision. The epithermal electrons can be further guided using an external magnetic field source.

According to one embodiment, the ignition assembly 120 in the laser fusion ignition device 600 further includes a magnetic field source (not shown in the figure), when the laser source generates the ignition laser pulse, the magnetic field source is located at the top of the compression cone and the ignition cone. A magnetic field with a strength of 1-3 kilotesla is applied around, and the superheated electrons released by the ignition cone are further guided to the cone tops of the two compression cones and the surrounding area, that is, the fuel ejected from the two holes 111 In the area where the 130 collides, the fuel 130 is heated, so that the fuel temperature can reach 5-10 kiloelectron volts so that fusion ignition occurs.

8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the laser fusion ignition device 100 along the plane where the axes PP' and QQ' of the four ignition cones of the laser fusion ignition device 600 are located. In the example, the grayscale of the magnetic field represents the strength of the magnetic field, and T represents the unit Tesla of the magnetic field strength. There are four ignition cones 121 in FIG. 8 . Arrows 160 within the ignition cone 121 mark the transport direction of the epithermal electrons released by the ignition cone 121 under the action of the multiple ignition laser pulses, further guided by the magnetic field. The circle 170 in the center of FIG. 8 is the region where the fuel in the form of high-density plasma after collision occurs.

It can be seen from Figure 8 that under the action of the applied magnetic field, the divergence angle of the epithermal electrons is reduced, and the epithermal electrons can be collimated and transported along the direction of the magnetic field lines. Therefore, a large number of epithermal electrons will be guided to reach the laser fusion ignition. The region where the fuel in the form of high-density plasma is located in the center of the device 100 .

Various embodiments of the present application, since the two physical processes of compression and heating are separated, the development of instability in the compression process can be controlled, so the laser-target coupling efficiency, target irradiation uniformity, beam-target coupling and The comprehensive range configuration has unique advantages.

Secondly, compared with the traditional fully spherically symmetric centripetal implosion technology, the ablation compression design of the compression cone can achieve higher irradiation light intensity at lower laser energy on the one hand, and reduce the total energy of the compressed laser. On the other hand, the lateral pinch of the compression cone can be used to effectively increase the density of the fuel in the form of plasma, and advantageously promote the fusion process.

Moreover, various embodiments of the present application decompose the heating of the fuel in the form of high-density plasma into two processes of collisional preheating and fusion ignition, which is expected to reduce the energy demand for picosecond ignition lasers.

In addition, compared with the traditional laser fusion ignition process, the ignition laser pulse is directly incident on the dedicated ignition cone instead of the compression cone, which can avoid the energy loss of the ignition laser pulse caused by the possible residual fuel in the compression cone. It is conducive to the generation of epithermal electrons, thereby more effectively heating the fuel after the collision, and promoting the laser fusion ignition process. Moreover, when an external magnetic field is applied during the fusion ignition process, the superheated electrons released by the ignition cone are more concentratedly guided to the area where the fuel after the collision occurs, which can improve the heating efficiency of the fuel during the laser fusion ignition process.

While some embodiments of the application have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the application. Indeed, the laser fusion ignition devices and laser fusion ignition methods described herein may be implemented in a variety of other forms. In addition, various omissions, substitutions and changes in form may be made in the laser fusion ignition devices and laser fusion ignition methods described herein without departing from the scope of the present application.

Throughout the specification and claims, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the words "comprising", "comprising" and the like should be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense, that is, should be interpreted as "including but not limited to" meaning. Additionally, the words "herein," "above," "below," and words of similar import, when used in this application, shall refer to this application as a whole and not to any particular portions of this application. Where the context permits, phrases in the above description using the singular or plural may also include the plural or singular, respectively. With respect to the word "or" when referring to a list of two or more items, the word covers all of the following interpretations of the word: any item in a list, all items in a list, and any item in a list any combination of items. Additionally, the terms "first," "second," etc. are intended to be used for distinction, not for emphasis on order or importance.

Claims (6)

1. A laser fusion ignition device, comprising: laser source; Two identical mutually separated hollow compression cones for filling fuel for fusion, each of the two compression cones is provided with a hole at the top and an open bottom, the two compression cones The body is made of metal, coaxial with opposite cone apexes; and an ignition assembly for heating the fuel ejected from the holes of the two compression cones and colliding to cause fusion ignition; Wherein, the laser source generates multiple laser pulses, and irradiates the fuel from the cone bottom of each of the two compression cones to the cone top direction, so that the fuel is radiated from the two compression cones. The holes of the body are ejected toward each other and collide The multiplexed laser pulses generated by the laser source include: multiple compression laser pulses irradiated in opposite directions in the two compression cones for near-isentropic compression of the fuel; and multiplexed accelerating laser pulses that irradiate the near-isentropically compressed said fuel to accelerate the ejection of said fuel from said orifice, The pulse width of the compressed laser pulse is 3-15 nanoseconds, the maximum power is 0.5-1 terawatt, the pulse width of the accelerated laser pulse is 50-500 picoseconds, and the maximum power is 70-90 terawatt. 2 . The laser fusion ignition device according to claim 1 , wherein the two compression cones are made of gold, their plane projection angles are 90 degrees to 120 degrees, and the distance between the tops of the cones is 80 to 120 microns. 3 . The inner diameter of the hole is 80-120 microns, and the fuel is a frozen spherical shell-shaped deuterium-tritium fuel with an inner diameter of 400-2000 microns and a thickness of 40-100 microns. 3. The laser fusion ignition device of claim 1, wherein, The ignition assembly includes a plurality of hollow ignition cones separated from each other, the ignition cones are made of metal, and the cone tops of the ignition cones are closed, opposite each other and close to the two compression cones a cone top of the body, and the cone bottoms of the plurality of ignition cones are open; The laser pulses generated by the laser source further include multiple laser pulses for fusion ignition of the colliding fuels, respectively from the bottom of each of the plurality of ignition cones toward the top of the cone irradiates the interior of the cone to generate electrons; and The ignition assembly further includes a magnetic field source that applies a magnetic field to and around the apexes of the two compression cones to direct the electrons to the region where the fuel collides. 4. The method of operation of the laser fusion ignition device according to any one of claims 1-3, comprising: Fuel for fusion is charged in two identical mutually separated hollow compression cones, each of which is provided with a hole at the top and an open bottom, the two compression cones Made of metal, coaxial and opposite cones; irradiating the fuel from the bottom of each of the two compression cones toward the top of the cone with laser pulses, respectively, so that the fuel is ejected from the holes of the two compression cones toward each other and occurs collision; and The fuel ejected from the holes of the two compression cones and collided is heated to cause fusion ignition. 5. The operating method of claim 4, wherein: irradiating oppositely in the two compression cones using multiple compression laser pulses to perform near-isentropic compression of the fuel; and The near-isentropically compressed fuel is irradiated with multiplexed accelerating laser pulses to accelerate the fuel ejection from the orifice. 6. The method of operation of claim 4, wherein fusion firing the collided fuel comprises: using multiplexed laser pulses to generate electrons by irradiating the interior of the cone from the cone base of each of a plurality of mutually separated hollow ignition cones, which are made of metal, toward the cone top, respectively, The cone tops of the plurality of ignition cones are closed, opposite to each other and adjacent to the cone tops of the two compression cones, and the cone bases of the plurality of ignition cones are open; and A magnetic field is applied to and around the tops of the two compression cones to direct the electrons to the region of the fuel where they collide.

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