CN111680890A - Surface water environment quality evaluation method suitable for river growth system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a surface water environment quality evaluation method suitable for river growth, which comprises the steps of firstly determining the type of a water quality index for water quality evaluation, monitoring, then calculating the water quality index, the section water quality index, the river water quality index and the regional water quality index of a single water quality index through a formula, and finally carrying out evaluation grade division. The method utilizes a comprehensive water quality index method to comprehensively evaluate the regional water environment quality, the river water environment quality and the section water environment quality. The evaluation method is simple and practical, can integrally react the cross section or the regional pollution condition, can also react the primary pollutants, and is convenient for social supervision. Has positive effects of continuously improving the water environment quality and promoting the water pollution prevention and treatment process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water environment quality evaluation, and particularly relates to a surface water environment quality evaluation method suitable for river growth.
Background
In recent years, water pollution control has been receiving more and more attention. In consideration of the complexity of water pollution control, China has made various systems and measures, such as "action plan for water pollution control" and "opinions about the overall development of river growth".
The quality of the surface water environment in the whole country is continuously improved under the combined action of various systems and measures. But also has partial problems which are mainly reflected in the aspects of fuzzy evaluation indexes, incapability of quantification and the like. Particularly, when the regional assessment is carried out, unfairness caused by different number of sections in each region, different execution standards and the like exists, and certain resistance is caused to later-stage treatment, repair and the like. Conventional evaluation methods include:
(1) according to the national standard, the method selects the worst indexes to evaluate according to the classification. The method is suitable for a certain section or a river or lake. But rivers and lakes usually span multiple areas and cannot be well quantified specifically to a certain responsible person.
(2) And in the pollution index method, the evaluation result of the method is a relative value, only qualitative evaluation is available, comprehensive evaluation cannot be achieved, and the category of the whole water quality cannot be specified.
(3) The fuzzy comprehensive index method is good overall, and the state also sets up the technical regulation of urban surface water environment quality ranking. However, the method has the disadvantages of complex calculation process, excessive related pollution indexes, and inconvenient popularization if the total monitoring cost is high. And a specific grading method is not given like the AQI index, so that the social supervision is inconvenient.
Therefore, a scientific and reasonable water quality comprehensive evaluation method needs to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a surface water environment quality evaluation method suitable for river growth.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a surface water environment quality evaluation method suitable for river growth comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the type of a water quality index for water quality evaluation and monitoring;
(2) calculating the water quality index of the single water quality index; that is, the actual monitored concentration of each single index is divided by the corresponding standard limit value (such as class III or class IV) of the surface water corresponding to the index, and when the monthly, quarterly, semiannually or annually test is carried out, the average value of the corresponding index is divided by the corresponding standard limit value for calculation, and the formula is as follows:
in the formulaP(i)Is as followsiThe water quality index of each water quality index,C(i)is as followsiThe concentration value of each water quality index,Cs(i)is as followsiThe standard limit value corresponding to each water quality index;
(3) calculating the water quality index of the section, taking the index and adding the index according to P (i) of each single index to obtain the SWQI of the section,the formula is as follows:
in the formula:SWQIis a section water quality index;Cc =1.00 when the calculated water quality index is less than or equal to 3 for the correction coefficient; when the number of the cells is larger than 3,C=
wherein N is the number of actual water quality indexes; n is the number of water quality indexes;
wherein the largest of the water quality indexes participating in the cross-section water quality evaluation is the cross-Section Primary Pollutant (SPP),
，SPPis the first pollutant of the section; for monthly, quarterly, semiannual or annual evaluation, p (i) is selected corresponding values.
(4) And evaluating grading.
In order to further improve the evaluation method, the step (3) further comprises the steps of calculating a river water quality index, and taking an average value of the river water quality index according to the SWQI of each section on the corresponding river, namely the RWQI of the river, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein RWQI is regional water quality index; n is effectively the number of effective sections arranged on the river;SWQI(j)is as followsjWater quality index of each section;
wherein the largest water quality index in each section participating in river water quality evaluation is the River Primary Pollutant (RPP),
wherein RPP is the first pollutant of river;
j is the jth section participating in evaluation;
i is the ith water quality index of the jth section participating in evaluation;
preferably, the step (3) further comprises calculating a regional water quality index, and taking the regional water quality index according to the SWQI of the section in the regionAnd adding, weighting and other correction are carried out, and the ZWQI of the region is obtained, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein ZWQI is regional water quality index; c is a correction coefficient, and the value is 6.00; the m datum is the number of datum sections in the region; the m is the number of effective sections in the area;
SWQI (j) is the water quality index of the jth section; m is the number of the sections;
wherein the largest water quality index in each cross section participating in regional water quality evaluation is the primary pollutant of the region: (ZPP），
In the formula: ZPP is the primary regional pollutant;
j is the jth section participating in evaluation;
i is the ith water quality index of the jth section participating in the evaluation.
In order to evaluate the surface water environment more reasonably, the types of the water quality indexes in the step (1) are one or more of surface water environment quality standard items in table 1 of the quality standards of the surface water environment (GB 3838-2002).
In order to better realize monitoring and combine automatic monitoring to realize difficulty and popularity, preferably, the types of the water quality indexes in the step (1) are one or more of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity and turbidity. According to monitoring and evaluation experience, COD, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus are main pollutants, and the three pollutants have obvious discrimination on different sections. Therefore, when the water quality index is calculated, the three pollutants are generally selected, but the three pollutants or the other three pollutants are not limited, and the three pollutants can be flexibly combined according to the actual conditions of the pollutants.
In principle, indexes such as pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity and turbidity do not participate in the calculation of the water quality index, but when the water quality condition of the cross section is published, the pH and the dissolved oxygen of the water quality of the corresponding cross section are published together with the water quality index.
Preferably, the concentration value in step (2) is a single-monitored value or an average value of multiple monitoring; the standard limit value is a standard limit value of a surface water environment quality standard project in a table 1 of the surface water environment quality standard (GB 3838-2002).
In order to make the evaluation result more accurate, when a certain selected water quality index in the step (1) is lower than the detection limit, the water quality index of a single water quality index is calculated according to the detection limit of 1/2; if the corresponding indexes are not detected on a plurality of sections for a plurality of times, the index discrimination is poor, the water quality condition cannot be accurately reflected, the indexes are removed from the determined water quality index types, and other water quality index types with more representativeness and discrimination are selected.
In order to further ensure the accuracy of the data and improve the evaluation quality, the P (i),SWQI and RWQIThe data are reduced to two digits after decimal point according to the numerical value reduction rule and the representation and judgment of limit numerical value (GB 8170); the results of the ZWQI prune the data to integer bits according to "rules for value pruning and the representation and determination of extreme values" (GB 8170).
Further, the specific method for evaluating grade division in the step (4) is as follows:
evaluating the environmental quality of the cross section, the river and the regional surface water respectively based on SWQI, RWQI and ZWQI, and dividing the quality into six grades from small to large according to the numerical value; the grading basis of the section water environment quality and the river water environment quality is as follows: 0 < SWQI, RWQI < 2.50 are first-level, 2.51 < SWQI, RWQI < 5.00 are second-level, 5.01 < SWQI, RWQI < 7.50 are third-level, 7.51 < SWQI, RWQI < 10.00 are fourth-level, 10.01 < SWQI, RWQI < 15.00 are fifth-level, and SWQI, RWQI > 15.00 are sixth-level;
the grading basis of the environmental quality of the regional surface water is as follows: ZWQI more than 0 and less than or equal to 50 is the first grade, ZWQI more than or equal to 51 and less than or equal to 100 is the second grade, ZWQI more than or equal to 101 and less than or equal to 150 is the third grade, ZWQI more than or equal to 151 and less than or equal to 200 is the fourth grade, ZWQI more than or equal to 201 and less than or equal to 300 is the fifth grade, and ZWQI more than or equal to.
Further, the quality of the surface water environment in the step (4) is evaluated in a grading manner, the quality of the section water environment, the quality of the river water environment and the quality of the regional water environment are classified into 6 grades according to the pollution degree, and grading basis and a representation method are shown in tables 1 and 2:
TABLE 1 section and river Water quality index and related information
TABLE 2 regional Water quality index and related information
Wherein the regional water quality index in table 1 is SWQI or RWQI, and the regional water quality index in table 2 is ZWQI.
Tables 1 and 2 show the water environment quality levels and pollution conditions corresponding to the water quality indexes of different areas more clearly, and meanwhile, the water environment quality levels and the pollution conditions can be distinguished through colors, so that the evaluation grade division is more perfect, and the social supervision is facilitated.
The method also comprises water environment quality ranking, and the section, the river and the regional surface water environment quality can be respectively evaluated based on the SWQI, the RWQI and the ZWQI, namely ranking is carried out according to the sequence from small to large, and the closer the ranking is, the better the surface water environment quality of the corresponding section or region is. The change rate calculated based on the last index value can be used for evaluating the water quality change of the corresponding section or area, wherein a positive value indicates that the surface water environment quality is poor, and a negative value indicates that the surface water environment quality is good.
The method of the invention also comprises information release, and the ranking information of the surface water environment quality condition published by the administrative department comprises the following steps:
list of cross section ranking according to cross section water quality indexSWQIAnd sequencing from small to large, evaluating the corresponding sections according to an evaluation method, and reporting the primary pollutants. When necessary, the change condition based on the last examination period can be published simultaneously, and the change condition of the water quality of the section can be objectively reflected.
When the water quality condition of the cross section is released, attention should be paid to releasing the pH value and the dissolved oxygen of the water quality of the cross section at the same time, and if corresponding indexes do not meet related national standards, the indexes should be marked.
River ranking list according to river water quality indexRWQIAnd sequencing from small to large, evaluating the corresponding sections according to an evaluation method, and reporting the primary pollutants. When necessary, the change condition based on the last examination period can be published simultaneously, and the change condition of the river water quality can be objectively reflected.
A regional ranking list according to regional water quality indexZWQIAnd sequencing from small to large, evaluating the corresponding area according to an evaluation method, and reporting the primary pollutants. When necessary, the change condition based on the last examination period can be published simultaneously, and the regional water quality change condition can be objectively reflected.
In principle, information release should be visually displayed, which is convenient for social supervision.
Due to the fact that natural disasters such as particularly serious and serious floods and droughts, meteorology, earthquake, geology and the like or unreasonable development and utilization of natural seasonal rivers and other upstream areas all the year round are caused, the cutoff of the section is not monitored, and the data of the actual watery months of the section is used for evaluation.
If the assessment section is continuously anhydrous, the monitoring section is re-established near the river reach with water by combining with the local actual situation, and the assessment section is not qualified and can be cancelled after being approved by a competent department.
The method utilizes a comprehensive water quality index method to comprehensively evaluate the regional water environment quality, the river water environment quality and the section water environment quality. The evaluation method is simple and practical, can integrally react the cross section or the regional pollution condition, can also react the primary pollutants, and is convenient for social supervision. Has positive effects of continuously improving the water environment quality and promoting the water pollution prevention and treatment process. Meanwhile, the method of the invention has the following characteristics:
(1) the water quality index types and the monitoring method have national standards, and have strong operability and practicability.
(2) The method is representative and comparable. The selected evaluation index can accurately reflect the pollution condition of an area, can better distinguish the water quality, and is convenient for the government or the competent department to carry out examination and evaluation.
(3) The method has good social supervision effect and is visual. Indexes or indexes participating in evaluation are clear and definite, are similar to the existing AQI indexes, can visually display results, and are convenient for the common public to participate in supervision.
(4) The method has strong flexibility, and pollution indexes suitable for the regions can be selected to evaluate according to actual conditions of the regions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a water pollution map of annual evaluation of cross sections in 2019 of Zhengzhou city;
FIG. 2 is a water pollution map of annual evaluation of rivers in 2019 of Zhengzhou city;
FIG. 3 is a water pollution map of Zhengzhou city in 2019 regional annual evaluation;
FIG. 4 is a distribution diagram of surface water pollution in 2019 Zhengzhou city.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
The standard limit values in the following examples are standard limit values of surface water environment quality standard items in a surface water environment quality standard (GB 3838-2002) table 1; said P (i),SWQI and RWQIThe data are reduced to two digits after decimal point according to the numerical value reduction rule and the representation and judgment of limit numerical value (GB 8170); the results of the ZWQI prune the data to integer bits according to "rules for value pruning and the representation and determination of extreme values" (GB 8170).
Example 1
A surface water environment quality evaluation method for river growth comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the types of the indexes participating in water quality evaluation: in the early stage, pH, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, permanganate index, fluoride, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, volatile phenol and five-day biochemical oxygen demand are selected as daily monitoring factors. Practice of one year finds that the chemical oxygen demand, the total phosphorus and the ammonia nitrogen have better discrimination on different sections, so that the 3 pollutants are finally selected as assessment indexes.
(2) Calculating the water quality index of a single water quality index, i.e.P(i): in the embodiment, the river takes the golden river as an example, the golden river is provided with 5 sections which are respectively JSC-0 to JSC-4, and the target water quality is III. The monitoring data for 7 months in 2019 are shown in table 3.
Data for monitoring sections of golden river in 7 months in 32019 years
According to the water quality index calculation formula
The water quality index of each factor for each section design was calculated, and the results are shown in table 4.
Water quality index of each section of Jinshui river in 7 months of 42019 years
(3) And calculating the cross-section water quality index and dividing the evaluation grade. According to respective indexes of the corresponding cross-sectionP(i)Taking the sum of the two to obtain the SWQI of the section, wherein the formula is as follows:
(ii) a Wherein the water quality index involved in the calculation was 3, C =1.00, and the results and evaluation scale were as shown in table 5.
TABLE 5 SWQI and evaluation grade division of various cross sections of the golden river
(4) And (4) calculating the river water quality index and rating division. And (3) taking the average value of the SWQIs according to the SWQIs of all sections on the corresponding river, namely the RQI of the river, wherein the formula is as follows:
n is effectively 5; RWQI of the golden river of this month is 2.68, the water quality grade is second grade, the water quality is good, and the primary pollutant is ammonia nitrogen.
Example 2
A surface water environment quality evaluation method for river growth comprises the following steps:
step (1) was the same as in example 1,
(2) taking the golden river as an example, the golden river is provided with 5 sections which are respectively JSC-0 to JSC-4, the target water quality is III, and monitoring data of 8 months in 2019 are selected as evaluation bases, as shown in Table 6.
Data for monitoring each section of golden river in 8 months in 62019 years
According to the water quality index calculation formula
The water quality index of each factor for each section design was calculated, and the results are shown in table 7.
Water quality index of each section of golden river in 8 months in 72019 years
(3) And calculating the cross-section water quality index and dividing the evaluation grade. According to respective indexes of the corresponding cross-sectionP(i)Taking the sum of the two to obtain the SWQI of the section, wherein the formula is as follows:
(ii) a Wherein the water quality index participating in the calculation is 3, and C = 1.00. The results and evaluation scale were as shown in table 8.
TABLE 8 SWQI and evaluation grade of each section of the golden river
As is clear from Table 8, the water quality of each of the sections other than the JSC-0 section was remarkably deteriorated, and the JSC-2 section was most remarkably deteriorated.
(4) And (4) calculating the river water quality index and rating division. And (3) taking the average value of the SWQIs according to the SWQIs of all sections on the corresponding river, namely the RQI of the river, wherein the formula is as follows:
n is effectively 5. The RWQI of the golden water river of this month is 9.68, the water quality level is four, the water quality is moderate pollution, and the first pollutant is ammonia nitrogen. The water quality in this month is obviously worse than in the previous month.
Example 3
A surface water environment quality evaluation method for river growth comprises the following steps:
step (1) was the same as in example 1;
(2) taking the yellow river as an example, the yellow river is provided with 6 sections, namely HC-1 to HC-6, the target water quality is III, and monitoring data of 8 months in 2019 are selected as evaluation bases, as shown in Table 9.
Data for monitoring each section of yellow river in 8 months in 92019 years
According to the water quality index calculation formula
The water quality index of each factor for each section design was calculated, and the results are shown in table 10.
Water quality index of each section of yellow river in 8 months in 102019 years
(3) And calculating the cross-section water quality index and dividing the evaluation grade. According to respective indexes of the corresponding cross-sectionP(i)Taking the sum of the two to obtain the SWQI of the section, wherein the formula is as follows:
(ii) a Wherein the water quality index participating in the calculation is 3, and C = 1.00. The results and evaluation scale were as shown in table 11.
TABLE 11 SWQI and evaluation grade of each section of the yellow river
As can be seen from Table 11, in 8 months in 2019, except for HC-3 cross section, the water quality of each cross section of the yellow river is superior to that of the golden river in the same period, and the water quality of most cross sections can reach the first-level standard.
(4) And calculating the river water quality index. And (3) taking the average value of the SWQIs according to the SWQIs of all sections on the corresponding river, namely the RQI of the river, wherein the formula is as follows:
n is effectively 6. The RWQI of the yellow river in this month is 0.92, the water quality level is first grade, and the water quality is excellent.
Example 4
A surface water environment quality evaluation method for river growth comprises the following steps:
step (1) was the same as in example 1;
(2) in this embodiment, taking Zhengdong New district as an example, 10 monitoring sections are set in the district of Zhengdong New district, which are HC-5 section, JC-8 section, CHC-4 section, JSC-4 section, XEC-4 section, DFC-3 section, WHC-3 section, QLC-1 section, SGC-2 section and XBC-1 section, respectively, target water quality is III type, and formula is calculated according to water quality index
Calculating the water quality index of each factor designed on each section; monitoring data of 7 months in 2019 are selected as calculation and evaluation bases, the data are shown in a table 12, and the water quality indexes of factors of all sections obtained through calculation are shown in a table 13.
Data of monitoring each section in Zhengdong New district in 7 months in Table 122019
Water quality index of each section sub-factor in Zhengdong New district of 7 months in Table 132019
(3) And calculating the cross-section water quality index and dividing the evaluation grade. According to respective indexes of the corresponding cross-sectionP(i)Taking the sum of the two to obtain the SWQI of the section, and according to a formula:
(ii) a The number of water quality indexes involved in the calculation was 3, C =1.00, and the water quality index (SWQI) and evaluation grade of each section were shown in table 14.
Dividing water quality index and evaluation grade of each section in the district of Zhengdong New district in 7 months in Table 142019
The average number of sections set in each district and county under Zhengzhou city is 5, and according to a calculation formula:
Example 5
A surface water environment quality evaluation method for river growth comprises the following steps:
step (1) was the same as in example 1;
(2) in this example, Zhoumui county is taken as an example, and a formula is calculated according to a water quality index
And calculating the water quality index of each factor designed on each section.
(3) 6 monitoring sections are arranged in the district of Zhongmuui county, namely an HC-6 section, an JC-9 section, a QLC-3 section, an SGC-2 section, a ZBC-2 section and an XQHC-2 section. Monitoring data of 7 months in 2019 are selected as calculation and evaluation basis, target water quality is III type, and according to a formula:
(ii) a The number of water quality indexes involved in the calculation was 3, C =1.00, and the water quality index (SWQI) and evaluation scale of each section are shown in table 15.
Water quality index and evaluation grade division of each section in Jupiter county in 7 months in Table 152019
The average number of sections set in each district and county under Zhengzhou city is 5, and according to a calculation formula:
Example 6
A surface water environment quality evaluation method for river growth comprises the following steps:
step (1) was the same as in example 1;
(2) in this example, Zhoumui county is taken as an example, and a formula is calculated according to a water quality index
And calculating the water quality index of each factor designed on each section, wherein the target water quality is III.
(3) 6 monitoring sections are arranged in the district of Zhongmuui county, namely an HC-6 section, an JC-9 section, a QLC-3 section, an SGC-2 section, a ZBC-2 section and an XQHC-2 section. The monitoring data of 2019, 8 months are selected as calculation and evaluation bases, and the water quality index (SWQI) and evaluation grade division of each section are shown in Table 16.
Water quality index and evaluation grade division of each section in Zhoumu county in 8 months in Table 162019
The average number of sections set in each district and county under Zhengzhou city is 5, and according to a calculation formula:
Example 7
A surface water environment quality evaluation method for river growth comprises the following steps:
step (1) was the same as in example 1;
(2) in this embodiment, the entire Zhengzhou city is taken as an example, and the formula is calculated according to the water quality index
Calculating the water quality index of each factor designed on each section when the target water quality is III;
(3) and respectively calculating the cross-section water quality index, the river water quality index and the regional water quality index. The Zhengzhou city examines 78 sections on 25 rivers, the average value of the annual monitoring data of 2019 is selected as a calculation and evaluation basis, and the water quality index (SWQI) and evaluation grade division of each section are shown in Table 17.
Annual average water quality index and evaluation grade division of various sections of Zhengzhou city in Table 172019 years
According to a calculation formula:
the Nvalid is the number of valid sections of each river, and annual evaluation in 2019 of each river in Zhengzhou city is obtained, as shown in Table 18.
Annual evaluation of rivers in 2019 years in Zheng Zhou city, Table 18
The average number of sections set in each district and county under Zhengzhou city is 5, and according to a calculation formula:
Annual average water quality index and evaluation grade division of Zhengzhou city in Zhengzhou city of 192019 years
The section annual evaluation, the river annual evaluation and the regional annual evaluation are visually displayed by using software having a GIS function, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, respectively. In addition, a map of the contamination of the zheng city water is drawn based on the annual average water quality index of each section, and as shown in fig. 4, the deeper the color in fig. 4, the heavier the contamination.
In conclusion, the method utilizes the comprehensive water quality index method to comprehensively evaluate the regional water environment quality, the river water environment quality and the section water environment quality. The evaluation method is simple and practical, can integrally react the cross section or the regional pollution condition, can also react the primary pollutants, and is convenient for social supervision. The evaluation grade division method is various, the water environment quality levels and the pollution conditions corresponding to the water quality indexes of different areas can be clearly displayed, meanwhile, the division can be realized through colors, the evaluation grade division is more perfect, and operators can divide the evaluation equivalence according to different requirements and release the evaluation equivalence to the public. The invention has positive effects on continuously improving the water environment quality and promoting the water pollution prevention and treatment process.
Claims (10)
1. A surface water environment quality evaluation method suitable for river growth is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) determining the type of a water quality index for water quality evaluation and monitoring;
(2) calculating the water quality index of the single water quality index;
in the formulaP(i)Is as followsiThe water quality index of each water quality index,C(i)is as followsiThe concentration value of each water quality index,Cs(i)is as followsiThe standard limit value corresponding to each water quality index;
(3) calculating the water quality index of the cross section,
in the formula:SWQIis a section water quality index;Cc =1.00 when the calculated water quality index is less than or equal to 3 for the correction coefficient; when the number of the cells is larger than 3,C=
wherein N is the number of actual water quality indexes; n is the number of water quality indexes;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
，SPPis the first pollutant of the section;
(4) and evaluating grading.
2. The method for evaluating the environmental quality of surface water suitable for river growth according to claim 1, wherein the step (3) further comprises: calculating the water quality index of the river,
wherein RWQI is regional water quality index; n is effectively the number of effective sections arranged on the river;SWQI(j)is as followsjWater quality index of each section;
wherein
Wherein RPP is the first pollutant of river;
j is the jth section participating in evaluation;
i is the ith water quality index of the jth section participating in the evaluation.
3. The method for evaluating the environmental quality of the surface water suitable for the river growth according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step (3) further comprises calculating a regional water quality index,
wherein ZWQI is regional water quality index; c1 is a correction coefficient, and the value is 6.00; the m datum is the number of datum sections in the region; the m is the number of effective sections in the area;
SWQI (j) is the water quality index of the jth section; m is the number of the sections;
wherein
In the formula: ZPP is the primary regional pollutant;
j is the jth section participating in evaluation;
i is the ith water quality index of the jth section participating in the evaluation.
4. The method for evaluating the environmental quality of surface water suitable for river growth according to claim 1, wherein the type of the water quality index in the step (1) is one or more of the items of the quality standards of surface water environment in table 1 of the quality standards of surface water environment (GB 3838-2002).
5. The method for evaluating the environmental quality of surface water suitable for river growth according to claim 4, wherein the water quality index in the step (1) is one or more of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity and turbidity.
6. The method for evaluating the environmental quality of surface water suitable for river growth according to claim 1, wherein the concentration value in the step (2) is a single-monitored value or an average value of multiple monitoring; the standard limit value is a standard limit value of a surface water environment quality standard project in a table 1 of the surface water environment quality standard (GB 3838-2002).
7. The method for evaluating the environmental quality of the surface water applicable to river growth according to claim 1, wherein when a certain selected water quality index is lower than a detection limit in the step (1), the water quality index of a single water quality index is calculated according to a detection limit of 1/2; if the corresponding index is not detected on a plurality of sections for a plurality of times, the corresponding index is removed from the determined water quality index types, and other water quality index types are selected.
8. The method for evaluating the environmental quality of surface water suitable for river growth according to claim 1 or 2, wherein P (i),SWQI and RWQIThe data are reduced to two decimal points according to the numerical value reduction rule and the representation and judgment of limit numerical values (GB 8170).
9. The method according to claim 3, wherein the ZWQI result is obtained by rounding the data to integer bits according to the "rules for rounding numerical values and the indication and determination of extreme numerical values" (GB 8170).
10. The method for evaluating the environmental quality of surface water suitable for river growth according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the specific method for evaluating the grade division in the step (4) is as follows:
evaluating the environmental quality of the cross section, the river and the regional surface water respectively based on SWQI, RWQI and ZWQI, and dividing the quality into six grades from small to large according to the numerical value; the grading basis of the section water environment quality and the river water environment quality is as follows: 0 < SWQI, RWQI < 2.50 are first-level, 2.51 < SWQI, RWQI < 5.00 are second-level, 5.01 < SWQI, RWQI < 7.50 are third-level, 7.51 < SWQI, RWQI < 10.00 are fourth-level, 10.01 < SWQI, RWQI < 15.00 are fifth-level, and SWQI, RWQI > 15.00 are sixth-level;
the grading basis of the environmental quality of the regional surface water is as follows: ZWQI more than 0 and less than or equal to 50 is the first grade, ZWQI more than or equal to 51 and less than or equal to 100 is the second grade, ZWQI more than or equal to 101 and less than or equal to 150 is the third grade, ZWQI more than or equal to 151 and less than or equal to 200 is the fourth grade, ZWQI more than or equal to 201 and less than or equal to 300 is the fifth grade, and ZWQI more than or equal to.
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