CN111679889B - Conversion migration method and system of virtual machine - Google Patents
Conversion migration method and system of virtual machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN111679889B CN111679889B CN202010523572.3A CN202010523572A CN111679889B CN 111679889 B CN111679889 B CN 111679889B CN 202010523572 A CN202010523572 A CN 202010523572A CN 111679889 B CN111679889 B CN 111679889B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
- G06F9/45558—Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
- G06F9/45558—Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
- G06F2009/45562—Creating, deleting, cloning virtual machine instances
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
- G06F9/45558—Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
- G06F2009/45575—Starting, stopping, suspending or resuming virtual machine instances
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
- G06F9/45558—Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
- G06F2009/45579—I/O management, e.g. providing access to device drivers or storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for converting and migrating a virtual machine. The conversion migration method of the virtual machine comprises the following steps: acquiring system information of a source virtual machine in a first virtual machine system, and creating a target virtual machine which is the same as hardware resources of the source virtual machine; according to the system information, mounting system disks and data disks with the same capacity and number as the source virtual machine in a second virtual machine system, and creating a soft link file; writing the converted file into a system disk and a data disk corresponding to the target virtual machine according to the soft link file; and restarting the target virtual machine after setting the system disk of the target virtual machine as a new system disk. The method and the system for converting and migrating the virtual machine realize that the source virtual machine is directly dropped to the system disk and the data disk of the target virtual machine in the second virtual machine system, thereby greatly saving time and space and greatly saving calculation, storage and network resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of virtual machines, in particular to a method and a system for converting and migrating a virtual machine.
Background
A Virtual Machine (Virtual Machine) refers to a complete computer system that runs in a completely isolated environment, simulated by software, with the functions of a finished hardware system. By virtual machine software, one physical computer can be modeled on another virtual computer or computers, which can function exactly like a real computer, for example, by installing an operating system, installing application programs, accessing network resources, etc. The common virtual machine technology platforms are as follows: xen, KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine ), and VMware ESX. The KVM is a popular open source virtual technology, is supported by Red Hat (Red Hat) companies, and is simpler and more convenient to use. VMware ESX virtualization technology is a technology provided by VMware corporation, a global leading virtualization and cloud computing manufacturer, and the related product is a piece of business software VMware vCenter Server.
With the development of cloud computing technology, various virtualization technologies are increasingly applied, for example, VMWare, XEN, KVM. For various reasons such as cloud of virtual machines, localization of cloud platforms, replacement of new and old cloud platforms and the like, virtual machines in other virtual machine systems need to be converted into virtual machine formats of self cloud platforms and run.
The existing virtual machine conversion and migration method generally uses a virt-v2v tool to convert into a virtual machine in a self cloud platform format, and then creates the virtual machine from a mirror image to complete the migration process. This migration method of conversion has the following disadvantages:
1) In one migration, at least two virtual machines need to be created, one for conversion and one being a target virtual machine;
2) In one migration, the system disk and the data disk of the virtual machine are written at least twice, so that time and space are wasted, and computing, storage and network resources are very consumed;
3) Since the conversion process involves mounting/dismounting the disk, the conversion VM needs to be prepared for different cloud platform tenants, and resources are additionally added when multiple parallel migration occurs.
4) The complex actions of hanging disk, copying data and unloading disk are involved, and errors are easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a conversion migration method and a conversion migration system of a virtual machine, aiming at solving the problem that a large amount of resources are required to be consumed in the conversion migration process of the virtual machine.
Therefore, the invention provides a conversion migration method of a virtual machine, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring system information of a source virtual machine in a first virtual machine system, and creating a target virtual machine which is the same as hardware resources of the source virtual machine in a second virtual machine system according to the system information; the target virtual machine is internally provided with a conversion system disk, and a conversion program is arranged in the conversion system disk;
according to the system information, mounting system disks and data disks with the same capacity and number as the source virtual machine in a second virtual machine system, and creating a soft link file under a conversion directory of the conversion program, wherein the target of the soft link file is the system disks and the data disks of the target virtual machine;
converting the system disk and data of the source virtual machine into a format compatible with a second virtual machine system through the conversion program, and writing the converted file into the system disk and data disk corresponding to the target virtual machine according to the soft link file;
and restarting the target virtual machine after setting the system disk of the target virtual machine as a new system disk.
Preferably, after setting the system disk of the target virtual machine as a new system disk, deleting the conversion system disk of the target virtual machine is further included.
Preferably, after restarting the target virtual machine, a verification step for verifying the target virtual machine is further included, and the verification step includes: and checking and verifying the target virtual machine after logging in by using the VNC control console of the second virtual machine system.
Preferably, the system information includes architecture, system type, CPU, memory, name and size of system disk, name, number and size of data disk of the source virtual machine.
Preferably, the system disk and the data disk of the target virtual machine are block storage devices, and the conversion program converts the system disk and the data of the source virtual machine into a KVM format compatible with the second virtual machine system.
A virtual machine migration system for migrating a source virtual machine in a first virtual machine system to a target virtual machine of a second virtual machine system, comprising a controller and a memory, the memory having stored therein computer program code, the controller running the computer program code stored in the memory to perform the steps of:
acquiring system information of a source virtual machine in a first virtual machine system, and creating a target virtual machine which is the same as hardware resources of the source virtual machine in a second virtual machine system according to the system information; the target virtual machine is internally provided with a conversion system disk, and a conversion program is arranged in the conversion system disk;
according to the system information, mounting system disks and data disks with the same capacity and number as the source virtual machine in a second virtual machine system, and creating a soft link file under a conversion directory of the conversion program, wherein the target of the soft link file is the system disks and the data disks of the target virtual machine;
converting the system disk and data of the source virtual machine into a format compatible with a second virtual machine system through the conversion program, and writing the converted file into the system disk and data disk corresponding to the target virtual machine according to the soft link file;
and restarting the target virtual machine after setting the system disk of the target virtual machine as a new system disk.
Preferably, after setting the system disk of the target virtual machine as a new system disk, deleting the conversion system disk of the target virtual machine is further included.
Preferably, after restarting the target virtual machine, a verification step for verifying the target virtual machine is further included, and the verification step includes: and checking and verifying the target virtual machine after logging in by using the VNC control console of the second virtual machine system.
Preferably, the system information includes architecture, system type, CPU, memory, name and size of system disk, name, number and size of data disk of the source virtual machine.
Preferably, the system disk and the data disk of the target virtual machine are block storage devices, and the conversion program converts the system disk and the data of the source virtual machine into a KVM format compatible with the second virtual machine system.
Compared with the prior art, the method and the system for transferring the virtual machine create the target virtual machine with the same hardware resources as the source virtual machine in the second virtual machine system, transfer the files of the source virtual machine through the transfer program preset in the transfer system disk of the target virtual machine, correspondingly write the files into the system disk and the data disk of the target virtual machine through the soft link files positioned under the transfer directory, then set the system disk of the target virtual machine to replace the original transfer system disk as a new system disk, realize that the source virtual machine is directly dropped to the system disk and the data disk of the target virtual machine (target machine), greatly save time and space, and greatly save calculation, storage and network resources. The whole conversion migration process is completed by a virtual machine system, after the conversion stage is completed, the conversion system disk is replaced by the system disk converted into the target virtual machine, the logic and the process of conversion migration are more concise and clear, the consumed resources are less, and a foundation is provided for large-scale replacement.
Furthermore, the whole conversion migration process can be completed by only one virtual machine (target machine), so that a plurality of migration instances can be directly and simultaneously started, after the migration instances are started and required disks are hung, all resources required next are acquired, and resource guarantee after conversion is completed and restarting can be ensured.
Moreover, the virtual machine migration method and the virtual machine migration system can realize one-to-one virtual machine migration, so that network QoS can be conveniently set for migration, different bandwidths can be set for examples with different priorities, and computing, storage and network resources can be used more effectively.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a migration system for virtual machines.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a migration method of virtual machine.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a migration system of a virtual machine, as shown in fig. 1, where the migration system of the virtual machine is used to migrate a source virtual machine VM1 located in a first virtual machine system (i.e., virtual machine system 1 shown in fig. 1) to a second virtual machine system (i.e., virtual machine system 2 shown in fig. 1), and for convenience of description, migrate a virtual machine migrated to the second virtual machine system as a target virtual machine VM'. And the virtual machine conversion migration system is used for migrating the source virtual machine in the first virtual machine system to the target virtual machine of the second virtual machine system. The virtual machine migration system comprises a controller and a memory, wherein computer program codes are stored in the memory, and the controller runs the computer program codes stored in the memory to execute the steps of a migration method of the virtual machine.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a migration method of a virtual machine, and as shown in fig. 2, the migration method of a virtual machine includes the following steps 1 to 5.
Step 1: acquiring system information of a source virtual machine in a first virtual machine system (virtual machine system 1), and creating a target virtual machine which is the same as hardware resources of the source virtual machine in a second virtual machine system (virtual machine system 2) according to the system information; the target virtual machine is provided with a conversion system disk, and a conversion program is installed in the conversion system disk. Specifically, the system information of the source virtual machine (VM 1) may be acquired through a service interface of the first virtual machine system, a target virtual machine (VM 1') with the same scale as that of VM1 is created in the second virtual machine system, and the virtual machine selects a conversion program in which virt-v2v is installed in advance. The system information comprises the architecture, the system type, the CPU, the memory, the name and the size of the system disk and the name, the number and the size of the data disk of the source virtual machine.
Step 2: according to the system information, the same capacity and number of system disks D0 and data disks (D1 ' and D2' as shown in fig. 1) as the source virtual machine (VM 1) are mounted in the target virtual machine (VM 1 ') of the second virtual machine system. Obviously, the number and size of the data discs can be obtained from the system information of VM1 acquired in step 1.
In this step, a soft link file is then created under the conversion directory of the conversion program, where the soft link file is targeted for the system disk and the data disk of the target virtual machine. In practical applications, since the mounted system disk D0 and data disks D1 'and D2' are block storage devices, and the virt-v2v tool does not support direct output to the block devices, this step can be implemented as follows:
1) Obtaining the file name finally produced by the virt-v2v tool through the analysis of the system information obtained in the step 1;
2) And creating a corresponding soft link file under the conversion directory of the conversion program virt-v2v according to the file name, wherein the soft link file is targeted to the block memory of the target virtual machine, namely a system disk D0 and data disks D1 'and D2'.
Step 3: and converting the system disk and the data of the source virtual machine into a format compatible with a second virtual machine system through the conversion program, and writing the converted file into the system disk and the data disk corresponding to the target virtual machine according to the soft link file. Specifically, the files of the system disk and the data disk of the source virtual machine VM1 are converted into the format (such as KVM) required by the second virtual machine system (for example, a cloud platform) through the virt-v2v tool pre-installed in the target virtual machine VM1', and then the converted files are written into the corresponding block storage devices, namely, written into the system disk and the data disk corresponding to the target virtual machine.
Step 4: and restarting the target virtual machine after setting the system disk of the target virtual machine as a new system disk. After the conversion is completed, the target virtual machine VM1 'is closed, the system disk D0 is set as a system disk, the original system disk (i.e., the conversion system disk) is deleted, and the target virtual machine VM1' is restarted. Since the system disk D0 and the data disks D1 'and D2' are prepared, the unloading, destroying and mounting of the disk interface of the cloud platform is completed by only replacing the existing system disk (i.e. the conversion system disk) with the new system disk D0. It can be seen that the target virtual machine that is initially started is the target virtual machine, and the whole process is completed by a virtual machine (target virtual machine) shell to perform conversion migration.
Step 5: after the migration is completed, the target virtual machine can be verified. Specifically, after logging in a target virtual machine, the VNC console of the second virtual machine system is used to check and verify the target virtual machine. If multiple source virtual machines need to be cloned, functions such as turning into mirror, creating a snapshot of the data disk, or creating an instance from a backup can be used.
According to the method and the system for converting and migrating the virtual machine, the target virtual machine with the same hardware resources as the source virtual machine is created in the second virtual machine system, after the files of the source virtual machine are converted through the conversion program preset in the conversion system disk of the target virtual machine, the files are correspondingly written into the system disk and the data disk of the target virtual machine through the soft link files positioned under the conversion directory, and then the system disk of the target virtual machine is set to replace the original conversion system disk to serve as a new system disk, so that the source virtual machine is directly dropped to the system disk and the data disk of the target virtual machine (target machine), time and space are greatly saved, and calculation, storage and network resources are also greatly saved. The whole conversion migration process is completed by a virtual machine system, after the conversion stage is completed, the conversion system disk is replaced by the system disk converted into the target virtual machine, the logic and the process of conversion migration are more concise and clear, the consumed resources are less, and a foundation is provided for large-scale replacement.
Furthermore, the whole transfer and migration process can be completed by only one virtual machine (target machine), so that in large-scale transfer application, transfer and migration can be directly carried out on a large number of virtual machines without setting mirror image virtual machines for each virtual machine, a plurality of transfer instances can be directly and simultaneously started, after the transfer instances are started and required disks are hung, all resources required next are acquired, and resource guarantee after transfer is completed and restarted can be ensured. However, the existing migration method cannot achieve such a guarantee, for example, after the conversion is completed, the target VM may not be started by the resources.
Moreover, the virtual machine migration method and the virtual machine migration system can realize one-to-one virtual machine migration, so that network QoS can be conveniently set for migration, different bandwidths can be set for examples with different priorities, the loss of calculation, storage and network resources is avoided, and the existing 1-to-many migration method cannot accurately limit QoS.
It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and that the present invention is intended to include modifications and variations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (3)
1. The transition migration method of the virtual machine is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring system information of a source virtual machine in a first virtual machine system, and creating a target virtual machine which is the same as hardware resources of the source virtual machine in a second virtual machine system according to the system information; the target virtual machine is internally provided with a conversion system disk, and a conversion program is arranged in the conversion system disk;
acquiring system information of a source virtual machine VM1 through a service interface of a first virtual machine system, and creating a target virtual machine VM1' with the same scale as the VM1 in a second virtual machine system, wherein the system information comprises a framework of the source virtual machine, a system type, a CPU (central processing unit), a memory, a name and a size of a system disk, and a name, a number and a size of a data disk;
according to the system information, mounting system disks and data disks with the same capacity and number as the source virtual machine in a second virtual machine system, and creating a soft link file under a conversion directory of the conversion program, wherein the target of the soft link file is the system disks and the data disks of the target virtual machine;
converting the system disk and data of the source virtual machine into a format compatible with a second virtual machine system through the conversion program, and writing the converted file into the system disk and data disk corresponding to the target virtual machine according to the soft link file;
after setting the system disk of the target virtual machine as a new system disk, deleting the conversion system disk of the target virtual machine; restarting the target virtual machine; the system disk and the data disk of the target virtual machine are block storage devices, and the conversion program converts the system disk and the data of the source virtual machine into a KVM format compatible with a second virtual machine system;
after restarting the target virtual machine, further comprising a verification step for verifying the target virtual machine, the verification step comprising: and checking and verifying the target virtual machine after logging in by using the VNC control console of the second virtual machine system.
2. A virtual machine migration system for migrating a source virtual machine in a first virtual machine system to a target virtual machine in a second virtual machine system, comprising a controller and a memory, the memory having stored therein computer program code, the controller running the computer program code stored in the memory to perform the steps of:
acquiring system information of a source virtual machine in a first virtual machine system, and creating a target virtual machine which is the same as hardware resources of the source virtual machine in a second virtual machine system according to the system information; the target virtual machine is internally provided with a conversion system disk, and a conversion program is arranged in the conversion system disk; the system information comprises the architecture, the system type, the CPU, the memory, the name and the size of a system disk and the name, the number and the size of a data disk of the source virtual machine;
according to the system information, mounting system disks and data disks with the same capacity and number as the source virtual machine in a second virtual machine system, and creating a soft link file under a conversion directory of the conversion program, wherein the target of the soft link file is the system disks and the data disks of the target virtual machine;
converting the system disk and data of the source virtual machine into a format compatible with a second virtual machine system through the conversion program, and writing the converted file into the system disk and data disk corresponding to the target virtual machine according to the soft link file;
after setting the system disk of the target virtual machine as a new system disk, deleting the conversion system disk of the target virtual machine, and restarting the target virtual machine;
the system disk and the data disk of the target virtual machine are block storage devices, and the conversion program converts the system disk and the data of the source virtual machine into a KVM format compatible with a second virtual machine system.
3. The virtual machine migration system of claim 2, wherein:
after restarting the target virtual machine, further comprising a verification step for verifying the target virtual machine, the verification step comprising: and checking and verifying the target virtual machine after logging in by using the VNC control console of the second virtual machine system.
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| CN112256397A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-22 | 上海英方软件股份有限公司 | Virtual machine cross-platform migration method and system |
| CN112799790B (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2022-03-11 | 北京首都在线科技股份有限公司 | Scheduling method, scheduling device, electronic equipment and computer storage medium |
| CN114185641B (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2024-02-27 | 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 | Virtual machine cold migration method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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