CN111678598A - Dyson curved surface prism spectral imaging system - Google Patents
Dyson curved surface prism spectral imaging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111678598A CN111678598A CN202010506472.XA CN202010506472A CN111678598A CN 111678598 A CN111678598 A CN 111678598A CN 202010506472 A CN202010506472 A CN 202010506472A CN 111678598 A CN111678598 A CN 111678598A
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- 238000000701 chemical imaging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000009310 astigmatism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/12—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/12—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators
- G01J2003/1208—Prism and grating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
- G01J2003/2826—Multispectral imaging, e.g. filter imaging
Abstract
The invention discloses a Dyson curved prism spectral imaging system which comprises a slit, a Dyson lens, a convex lens, a concave lens, a first curved prism, a second curved prism and a detector, wherein the convex lens and the concave lens are positioned between the Dyson lens and the first curved prism; the front and back surfaces of the first curved surface prism and the second curved surface prism are spherical surfaces, but the optical axes are not on the same straight line, the two curved surface prisms have different refractive index Abbe numbers, and the inclined directions of included angles are different; the back surface of the second curved surface prism is used as an aperture diaphragm of the whole system, and a reflecting film layer is plated on the whole back surface. The system can realize wide spectrum, large field of view and high resolution, and simultaneously realize high signal-to-noise ratio and compact volume which is easy to adjust.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hyperspectral imaging, in particular to a Dyson curved prism spectral imaging system.
Background
The hyperspectral imaging technology is a new generation of space flight and aviation optical remote sensing technology developed on the basis of the multispectral remote sensing technology, can simultaneously acquire space and spectral information of a target at high resolution, a hyperspectral imager generally consists of a front mirror system, a slit and a spectral imaging system, the current hyperspectral imaging equipment is developing towards the directions of large field of view, wide spectrum section, high resolution and miniaturization, the current common hyperspectral imaging technical scheme comprises Czerny-Turner, Offner, Dyson and the like, and specifically:
1) the Czerny-Turner spectrometer adopts a plane grating as a light splitting element, but has the defects that the large residual astigmatism is difficult to effectively correct, and the F number cannot be small enough;
2) the Offner spectrometer uses the convex grating as a light splitting element and has good imaging performance, but the convex grating is difficult to manufacture and high in cost. Also the F-number of the Offner spectrometer cannot be made very small, usually the F-number of 2.5 is already a limit.
3) The Dyson spectral imaging system consists of a Dyson lens and a concave grating, the concave grating is used as a light splitting element in the prior art, the spherical surface of the Dyson lens is concentric with the concave grating, the problem of stray light caused by high-grade diffraction light of the diffraction grating of the Dyson spectrometer can seriously affect the comprehensive quality of the system, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the system is reduced to a certain extent due to energy loss caused by diffraction of the grating.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a Dyson curved prism spectral imaging system which can realize a wide spectrum band, a large field of view and high resolution, and simultaneously realize high signal-to-noise ratio and compact volume which is easy to adjust.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a Dyson curved prism spectral imaging system, the system comprising a slit, a Dyson lens, a convex lens, a concave lens, a first curved prism, a second curved prism, and a detector, wherein:
the convex lens and the concave lens are positioned between the Dyson lens and the first curved prism;
the front and back surfaces of the first curved surface prism and the second curved surface prism are spherical surfaces, but the optical axes are not on the same straight line, the two curved surface prisms have different refractive index Abbe numbers, and the inclined directions of included angles are different;
the rear surface of the second curved surface prism is used as an aperture diaphragm of the whole system, and a reflecting film layer is plated on the whole rear surface;
in the imaging process: after passing through the slit, the light beam of the detection target collected by the front mirror sequentially enters a Dyson lens, a convex lens, a concave lens, a first curved prism and a second curved prism; and after the light beam is reflected by the reflecting film coated on the rear surface of the second curved prism, the light beam sequentially passes through the second curved prism, the first curved prism, the concave lens, the convex lens and the Dyson lens and finally forms an image on the detector.
The technical scheme provided by the invention can show that the system can realize high signal-to-noise ratio and compact volume which is easy to adjust while realizing wide spectrum, large field of view and high resolution, and improves the performance and practicability of the spectral imaging system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a Dyson curved prism spectral imaging system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a Dyson curved prism spectral imaging system according to an example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and as shown in fig. 1, is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a Dyson curved prism spectral imaging system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the system mainly includes a slit 101, a Dyson lens 102, a convex lens 103, a concave lens 104, a first curved prism 105, a second curved prism 106, and a detector 107, where:
the convex lens 103 and the concave lens 104 are positioned between the Dyson lens 102 and the first curved prism 105; the focal power of the system can be optimized through the design of the convex lens 103 and the concave lens 104, the distance between an incident slit, an image plane and the Dyson lens is increased, and the adjustment test of the system is easy;
the front and back surfaces of the first curved surface prism 105 and the second curved surface prism 106 are spherical surfaces, but the optical axes are not on the same straight line, the two curved surface prisms have different refractive index abbe numbers, and the included angles are different in the inclination directions; therefore, when the light passes through the first curved prism 105 and the second curved prism 106, the light can generate dispersion, and the incident light with the compound color and a certain bandwidth can be dispersed;
because the spectral imaging system based on the curved surface prism generally has obvious dispersion nonlinearity problem, which is determined by the refractive index characteristics of optical materials, for example, for common optical materials, the refractive index of glass changes very fast in the short wave range of visible light, but changes slowly in the long wave range, and under the condition of no nonlinear correction, the spectral resolution in the equally spaced short wave range and long wave range is greatly different, the signal-to-noise ratio of the system is seriously influenced, and the subsequent data processing and calculation are inconvenient, so that the embodiment of the application adopts the combination of two curved surface prisms with different refractive index abbe numbers and different included angle inclination directions, thereby obtaining the optimal parameter value of the curved surface prism for correcting the nonlinearity to correct the nonlinearity of the spectrum;
the rear surface of the second curved prism 106 is used as an aperture diaphragm of the whole system, and a reflecting film layer is plated on the whole rear surface;
specifically, in the imaging process: firstly, after passing through the slit 101, a light beam of a detection target collected by a front mirror is sequentially incident to a Dyson lens 102, a convex lens 103, a concave lens 104, a first curved prism 105 and a second curved prism 106; and after being reflected by the reflection film layer plated on the rear surface of the second curved prism 106, the light beam sequentially passes through the second curved prism 106, the first curved prism 105, the concave lens 104, the convex lens 103 and the Dyson lens 102, and is finally imaged on the detector 107.
In a specific implementation, the refractive index abbe numbers of the first curved surface prism 105 and the second curved surface prism 106 are respectively:
| refractive index | Abbe number | |
| First |
1.806 | 41.02 |
| Second |
1.761 | 26.56 |
The inclined directions of the included angles are respectively as follows:
the first curved surface prism 105 is in an angle of +12 to 28 degrees; the second curved surface prism 106 is-2 to-25.
The front lens can be a telescope or a microscope objective.
The following describes the working process and effect of the above system in detail by using a specific example, in this example, the system parameters are: the spectral range reaches 400-900nm, the spectrum covers the visible light to the near infrared band, the slit length is 22mm, the F number is 1.8, the pixel size is 11 μm, as shown in FIG. 2, the schematic diagram of the Dyson curved prism spectral imaging system of the embodiment of the invention is shown, and refer to FIG. 2:
incident light enters the Dyson lens and the two spherical lenses through the slit and then reaches the two curved prisms 1 and 2 which are opposite in direction and different in material, light beams with different wavelengths are dispersed in the direction vertical to the slit due to included angles between the front surface and the rear surface of the curved prisms and the optical axis, an aperture diaphragm of the whole spectrum system is arranged on the rear surface of the second curved prism (Frey prism 2 in the graph 2), and a reflection film layer is plated on the whole rear surface;
the light beam is reflected and then passes through the two curved surface prisms, the two spherical surface lenses and the Dyson lens again and finally reaches the detector to be converged on the image surface, at the moment, the distance between the image surface and the Dyson lens reaches 32.9mm, the distance between the incident slit and the Dyson lens reaches 36.9mm, and the distance between the image surface and the incident slit in the vertical direction is 18mm, so that sufficient space is provided for the installation of the incident slit and the detector, and the installation and debugging of the whole system are facilitated.
The work debugging result of the system shows that the color dispersion in the wavelength range of 400nm to 900nm is 1mm long, the spectral resolution at the long wave of 900nm is less than 10nm, the spectral resolution at the central wavelength of 650nm is less than 7nm, and the spectral resolution at the short wave of 400nm is less than 5 nm. And the RMS diameter of the diffuse spot formed by the light after passing through the optical system is within 11 μm, which shows that the geometric aberration is basically corrected, and meanwhile, the MTF curve of each monochromatic light can be known as follows: the MTF value of the system at the corresponding spatial sampling frequency of 46lp/mm is above 0.5 in the full field of view, and the imaging quality is good.
It is noted that the embodiments of the present invention not described in detail belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art, for example, different curved prism forms are adopted.
In summary, the embodiment of the present application adopts the curved surface prism to replace the concave surface grating as the light splitting element of the spectrum system, so that on one hand, the problems of energy loss and stray light caused by grating diffraction are eliminated; on the other hand, the nonlinear problem of the spectrum is corrected by optimally designing the shapes and materials of the two curved surface prisms.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (3)
1. The Dyson curved prism spectral imaging system is characterized by comprising a slit, a Dyson lens, a convex lens, a concave lens, a first curved prism, a second curved prism and a detector, wherein:
the convex lens and the concave lens are positioned between the Dyson lens and the first curved prism;
the front and back surfaces of the first curved surface prism and the second curved surface prism are spherical surfaces, but the optical axes are not on the same straight line, the two curved surface prisms have different refractive index Abbe numbers, and the inclined directions of included angles are different;
the rear surface of the second curved surface prism is used as an aperture diaphragm of the whole system, and a reflecting film layer is plated on the whole rear surface;
in the imaging process: after passing through the slit, the light beam of the detection target collected by the front mirror sequentially enters a Dyson lens, a convex lens, a concave lens, a first curved prism and a second curved prism; and after the light beam is reflected by the reflecting film coated on the rear surface of the second curved prism, the light beam sequentially passes through the second curved prism, the first curved prism, the concave lens, the convex lens and the Dyson lens and finally forms an image on the detector.
2. The Dyson curved prism spectral imaging system of claim 1, wherein the refractive index abbe numbers of the first curved prism and the second curved prism are respectively:
The included angle inclination directions are respectively as follows:
the first curved surface prism is in an angle of + 12-28 degrees; the second curved surface prism is-2 to-25 degrees.
3. The Dyson curved prism spectral imaging system of claim 1,
the adopted front lens is a telescope or a microscope objective.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010506472.XA CN111678598B (en) | 2020-06-05 | 2020-06-05 | Dyson curved surface prism spectral imaging system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010506472.XA CN111678598B (en) | 2020-06-05 | 2020-06-05 | Dyson curved surface prism spectral imaging system |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090237657A1 (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2009-09-24 | David Wheeler Warren | Compact, high-throughput spectrometer apparatus for hyperspectral remote sensing |
| US20110222061A1 (en) * | 2008-11-03 | 2011-09-15 | Horiba Jobin Yvon Sas | Dyson-type imaging spectrometer having improved image quality and low distortion |
| US20130148195A1 (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2013-06-13 | Itres Research Limited | Compact, light-transfer system for use in image relay devices, hyperspectral imagers and spectographs |
| CN108489611A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-09-04 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | More slotted prism dispersive spectrometer systems |
| CN110646091A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2020-01-03 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | Large-view-field Dyson spectral imaging system adopting free-form surface |
| CN110672206A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-10 | 中国海洋大学 | Double-slit curved prism chromatic dispersion ultra-large field of view spectrometer optical system |
| CN110879104A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-03-13 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Optical system of long slit spectrometer |
-
2020
- 2020-06-05 CN CN202010506472.XA patent/CN111678598B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090237657A1 (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2009-09-24 | David Wheeler Warren | Compact, high-throughput spectrometer apparatus for hyperspectral remote sensing |
| US20110222061A1 (en) * | 2008-11-03 | 2011-09-15 | Horiba Jobin Yvon Sas | Dyson-type imaging spectrometer having improved image quality and low distortion |
| US20130148195A1 (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2013-06-13 | Itres Research Limited | Compact, light-transfer system for use in image relay devices, hyperspectral imagers and spectographs |
| CN108489611A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-09-04 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | More slotted prism dispersive spectrometer systems |
| CN110672206A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-10 | 中国海洋大学 | Double-slit curved prism chromatic dispersion ultra-large field of view spectrometer optical system |
| CN110646091A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2020-01-03 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | Large-view-field Dyson spectral imaging system adopting free-form surface |
| CN110879104A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-03-13 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Optical system of long slit spectrometer |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| LINLIN PEI等: "Optical system design of the Dyson imaging spectrometer based on the Fery prism", 《OPTICAL REVIEW》 * |
| 刘玉娟等: "红外成像光谱测量中Dyson光学系统的研究进展", 《光谱学与光谱分析》 * |
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