CN111677523A - Asymmetric selective support method for tunnel with layered surrounding rock - Google Patents
Asymmetric selective support method for tunnel with layered surrounding rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN111677523A CN111677523A CN202010436040.6A CN202010436040A CN111677523A CN 111677523 A CN111677523 A CN 111677523A CN 202010436040 A CN202010436040 A CN 202010436040A CN 111677523 A CN111677523 A CN 111677523A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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Abstract
An asymmetric deformation selective support method for a tunnel with surrounding rocks of a layered structure. The method comprises the steps of obtaining a deformation contour line of the non-support tunnel; obtaining deformation values of different positions of the surrounding rock of the layered structure; defining a large deformation area, a middle deformation area and a small deformation area; forming a primary support structure after the tunnel is excavated; adopting an anchor rod to support the surrounding rock in the deformation area; and performing construction of a second lining concrete layer and the like. The tunnel asymmetric deformation selective support method with the surrounding rock of the layered structure has the beneficial effects that: by the support method, the asymmetric deformation of the tunnel with the layered surrounding rock can be controlled in a targeted manner, so that the deformation of the tunnel tends to be coordinated, the stress difference of the layered surrounding rock support structure is reduced, the coordination effect of the stress and deformation of the structure after the tunnel construction is finished is achieved, the structural safety of the tunnel can be improved, the maintenance cost in the operation period is reduced, and the cost can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground rock mass engineering, and particularly relates to an asymmetric deformation selective supporting method for a tunnel with surrounding rocks of a layered structure.
Background
In traffic engineering, when a tunnel passes through a layered structure surrounding rock, obvious asymmetric deformation can occur in the construction and excavation process under the influence of the original rock stress, the layered structure rock stratum inclination angle and the tunnel trend relation, and the asymmetric deformation is mainly caused by the shearing displacement of the layered structure surrounding rock along the layer surface or the bending of the structure. The existing tunnel support design method only considers conditions such as bias voltage, water pressure, stress and the like according to surrounding rock grades on the surrounding rocks with the layered structures, and after the surrounding rock grades are degraded, a corresponding primary support form is adopted and the tunnel support design method is symmetrical. The support design method has the advantages that the effect on the asymmetric surrounding rock with the layered structure is not obvious, the phenomenon of asymmetric deformation cannot be controlled, and the cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide an asymmetric deformation selective supporting method for a tunnel with surrounding rocks of a layered structure.
In order to achieve the aim, the asymmetric deformation selective supporting method for the tunnel with the surrounding rock with the layered structure, provided by the invention, comprises the following steps in sequence:
1) firstly, a finite element analysis model is established by technicians according to survey data including parameters of surrounding rocks of a layered structure and the size of a stress field, and then excavation analysis of a tunnel without support is carried out by utilizing the model to obtain a deformation contour line of the tunnel without support;
2) obtaining deformation values of different positions of the surrounding rock of the layered structure according to the deformation contour line of the non-support tunnel and the design contour line of the tunnel, and then normalizing the values of the deformation values to 0-1;
3) defining areas with corresponding deformation values in the ranges of 0.6-1.0, 0.3-0.6 and 0-0.3 on the surrounding rock of the layered structure as a large deformation area, a middle deformation area and a small deformation area;
4) when asymmetric deformation occurs in the tunnel excavation process of the surrounding rock with the layered structure, spraying a layer of concrete on the surrounding rock with the layered structure, and forming a primary support structure after the concrete is solidified;
5) when the integral asymmetric deformation degree of the tunnel is large, sequentially supporting layered structure surrounding rocks in a large deformation area, a middle deformation area and a small deformation area from the outer side of a primary support structure to the inner side by adopting a plurality of groups of three-way long anchor rods, two-way medium length anchor rods and a plurality of one-way short anchor rods; when the asymmetric deformation degree of the whole tunnel is not large, a plurality of groups of three-way long anchor rods are arranged in the large deformation area;
6) and finally, constructing a secondary lining concrete layer on the outer side of the primary support structure.
In the large deformation area, the multiple groups of three-way long anchor rods are arranged in a quincunx mode, the distance is 1m, the inner ends of the three long anchor rods in each group are located at the same position, one of the three long anchor rods located in the middle is perpendicular to the primary support surface of the setting position, and the rear portions of the other two long anchor rods deflect towards two sides respectively by 30 degrees; the length of the long anchor rod is 9 m.
In the middle deformation area, the multiple groups of bidirectional medium-length anchor rods are arranged in a quincunx mode, the distance is 1m, the inner ends of the two medium-length anchor rods in each group are located at the same position, one of the two medium-length anchor rods is perpendicular to the primary support surface of the setting position, and the rear part of the other medium-length anchor rod deflects 30 degrees in the direction of large-angle intersection with the bedding surface; the length of the medium length anchor rod is 6 m.
In the small deformation area, the plurality of unidirectional short anchor rods are arranged in a quincunx mode, the distance between the unidirectional short anchor rods is 1m, and each unidirectional short anchor rod is perpendicular to the primary support surface of the setting position; the length of the one-way short anchor rod is 3 m.
The tunnel asymmetric deformation selective support method with the surrounding rock of the layered structure has the beneficial effects that: by the support method, the asymmetric deformation of the tunnel with the layered surrounding rock can be controlled in a targeted manner, so that the deformation of the tunnel tends to be coordinated, the stress difference of the layered surrounding rock support structure is reduced, the coordination effect of the stress and deformation of the structure after the tunnel construction is finished is achieved, the structural safety of the tunnel can be improved, the maintenance cost in the operation period is reduced, and the cost can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a tunnel deformation zone with a layered structure of surrounding rock when the method of the present invention is employed;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention, rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the depth of embedding of the surrounding rock of the layered structure of the tunnel is 50m, the structural stress is not obvious, the surrounding rock is flaky and V-level surrounding rock, and the uniaxial compressive strength is 10 MPa. The parameters of the laminated structure surface are 30kPa of cohesive force, 35 degrees of internal friction angle, 60 degrees of layer inclination angle and 30 degrees of layer trend. The layer thickness effect is manifested by different elastic moduli, shear moduli and poisson's ratios.
The tunnel in the embodiment is a railway single-track tunnel, the maximum height is 9m, and the maximum width is 6 m. Influenced by the bedding of surrounding rocks with a layered structure, the integrity of rock mass is poor, the strength is low, and obvious asymmetric deformation appears after the tunnel is excavated. Therefore, the inventor adopts the tunnel asymmetric deformation selective support method with the layered surrounding rock, effectively controls the development of asymmetric deformation, and ensures the stability of the tunnel structure.
The asymmetric deformation selective supporting method for the tunnel with the surrounding rock of the layered structure, provided by the embodiment, comprises the following steps in sequence:
1) firstly, a finite element analysis model is established by technicians according to survey data including parameters of surrounding rocks of a layered structure and the size of a stress field, and then excavation analysis of a tunnel without support is carried out by utilizing the model to obtain a deformation contour line of the tunnel without support;
2) obtaining deformation values of different positions of the surrounding rock 1 with the layered structure according to the deformation contour line of the non-support tunnel and the design contour line of the tunnel, and then normalizing the values of the deformation values to 0-1;
3) defining areas with corresponding deformation values in the ranges of 0.6-1.0, 0.3-0.6 and 0-0.3 on the layered structure surrounding rock 1 as a large deformation area 2, a middle deformation area 3 and a small deformation area 4;
4) when asymmetric deformation occurs in the tunnel excavation process of the surrounding rock 1 with the layered structure, spraying a layer of concrete on the surrounding rock 1 with the layered structure, and forming a primary support structure 5 after the concrete is solidified; in the embodiment, the large deformation zone 2 is positioned on the left side wall, the middle deformation zone 3 is positioned on the vault, and the small deformation zone 4 is positioned on the lower part of the right side wall;
5) when the integral asymmetric deformation degree of the tunnel is large, a plurality of groups of three-way long anchor rods 6, a plurality of groups of two-way medium-length anchor rods 7 and a plurality of one-way short anchor rods 8 are respectively adopted in the layered structure surrounding rocks 1 at the large deformation area 2, the medium deformation area 3 and the small deformation area 4 from the outer side of the primary support structure 5 to the inner side in sequence to support the layered structure surrounding rocks 1; firstly, constructing three-way long anchor rods 6 in a large deformation area 2, wherein multiple groups of three-way long anchor rods 6 are arranged in a quincunx mode, the distance is 1m, the diameter is 25mm, the inner ends of the three long anchor rods 6 in each group are positioned at the same position, one of the three long anchor rods is positioned in the middle and perpendicular to the surface of a primary support structure 5 at the position where the three long anchor rods are arranged, and the rear parts of the other two long anchor rods deflect towards two sides by 30 degrees respectively; the length of the long anchor 6 is 9 m. Then, constructing two-way medium-length anchor rods 7 in an intermediate deformation area, wherein multiple groups of two-way medium-length anchor rods 7 are arranged in a quincunx mode, the distance is 1m, the inner ends of two medium-length anchor rods 7 in each group are located at the same position, one of the two medium-length anchor rods is perpendicular to the surface of the primary support structure 5 at the setting position, and the rear part of the other anchor rod deflects 30 degrees in the direction of intersecting with a large angle of a bedding surface; the medium length anchor 7 has a length of 6 m. Finally, a plurality of unidirectional short anchor rods 8 are constructed in the small deformation area, the unidirectional short anchor rods 8 are arranged in a quincunx mode, the distance between the unidirectional short anchor rods 8 is 1m, and each unidirectional short anchor rod is perpendicular to the surface of the primary support structure 5 at the setting position; the length of the one-way short anchor rod 8 is 3 m. When the asymmetric deformation degree of the whole tunnel is not large, a plurality of groups of three-way long anchor rods 6 are arranged in a large deformation area;
6) and finally, constructing a secondary lining concrete layer 9 on the outer side of the primary support structure.
By adopting the supporting method, anchor rods with different lengths are adopted for supporting different deformation areas, so that the asymmetric deformation of the surrounding rock with the layered structure can be effectively controlled, and the deformation is coordinated. The effect of the large deformation zone 2 on deformation control by using the traditional one-way anchor is reduced from uncanted 62.95mm to 52.6mm, and the deformation is reduced to 33.1mm after using the three-way long anchor 6. The supporting method can effectively control the uneven deformation, so that the deformation of the tunnel tends to be uniform, the effect of coordinating the stress deformation of the tunnel structure is achieved, the safety of the tunnel is improved, and the later maintenance cost can be reduced.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A tunnel asymmetric deformation selective supporting method with a layered structure surrounding rock is characterized in that: the supporting method comprises the following steps in sequence:
1) firstly, a finite element analysis model is established by technicians according to survey data including parameters of surrounding rocks of a layered structure and the size of a stress field, and then excavation analysis of a tunnel without support is carried out by utilizing the model to obtain a deformation contour line of the tunnel without support;
2) obtaining deformation values of different positions of the surrounding rock of the layered structure according to the deformation contour line of the non-support tunnel and the design contour line of the tunnel, and then normalizing the values of the deformation values to 0-1;
3) defining areas with corresponding deformation values in the ranges of 0.6-1.0, 0.3-0.6 and 0-0.3 on the surrounding rock of the layered structure as a large deformation area, a middle deformation area and a small deformation area;
4) when asymmetric deformation occurs in the tunnel excavation process of the surrounding rock with the layered structure, spraying a layer of concrete on the surrounding rock with the layered structure, and forming a primary support structure after the concrete is solidified;
5) when the integral asymmetric deformation degree of the tunnel is large, sequentially supporting layered structure surrounding rocks in a large deformation area, a middle deformation area and a small deformation area from the outer side of a primary support structure to the inner side by adopting a plurality of groups of three-way long anchor rods, two-way medium length anchor rods and a plurality of one-way short anchor rods; when the asymmetric deformation degree of the whole tunnel is not large, a plurality of groups of three-way long anchor rods are arranged in the large deformation area;
6) and finally, constructing a secondary lining concrete layer on the outer side of the primary support structure.
2. The asymmetric deformation selective support method for the tunnel with the layered surrounding rock, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the large deformation area, the multiple groups of three-way long anchor rods are arranged in a quincunx mode, the distance is 1m, the inner ends of the three long anchor rods in each group are located at the same position, one of the three long anchor rods located in the middle is perpendicular to the primary support surface of the setting position, and the rear portions of the other two long anchor rods deflect towards two sides respectively by 30 degrees; the length of the long anchor rod is 9 m.
3. The asymmetric deformation selective support method for the tunnel with the layered surrounding rock, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the middle deformation area, the multiple groups of bidirectional medium-length anchor rods are arranged in a quincunx mode, the distance is 1m, the inner ends of the two medium-length anchor rods in each group are located at the same position, one of the two medium-length anchor rods is perpendicular to the primary support surface of the setting position, and the rear part of the other medium-length anchor rod deflects 30 degrees in the direction of large-angle intersection with the bedding surface; the length of the medium length anchor rod is 6 m.
4. The asymmetric deformation selective support method for the tunnel with the layered surrounding rock, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the small deformation area, the plurality of unidirectional short anchor rods are arranged in a quincunx mode, the distance between the unidirectional short anchor rods is 1m, and each unidirectional short anchor rod is perpendicular to the primary support surface of the setting position; the length of the one-way short anchor rod is 3 m.
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| CN202010436040.6A CN111677523A (en) | 2020-05-21 | 2020-05-21 | Asymmetric selective support method for tunnel with layered surrounding rock |
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| CN202010436040.6A CN111677523A (en) | 2020-05-21 | 2020-05-21 | Asymmetric selective support method for tunnel with layered surrounding rock |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112696208A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-23 | 伽师县铜辉矿业有限责任公司 | Supporting method for soft rock roadway |
| CN112963187A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-06-15 | 东北大学 | Tunnel large-deformation targeted supporting method controlled by structural stress and bedding |
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| CN110469342A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-19 | 华北科技学院 | A kind of gob side entry based on flexible in conjunction with rigid phase is asymmetric to cooperate with suspension device |
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2020
- 2020-05-21 CN CN202010436040.6A patent/CN111677523A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104265322A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-01-07 | 山东科技大学 | Control method of asymmetric deformation of deep mine roadway surrounding rock |
| CN205297595U (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-06-08 | 山东科技大学 | Excavate roadway subject to dynamic pressure support system in opposite directions |
| CN106761813A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-31 | 山东科技大学 | Gob side entry driving unbalanced support method for designing under the unstable overlying strata in deep |
| CN109083655A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-12-25 | 绍兴文理学院 | A kind of high-ground stress environment stratiform surrounding rock tunnel orientation support reinforcement method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112696208A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-23 | 伽师县铜辉矿业有限责任公司 | Supporting method for soft rock roadway |
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| CN112963187A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-06-15 | 东北大学 | Tunnel large-deformation targeted supporting method controlled by structural stress and bedding |
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