CN111675332B - Method for treating sewage - Google Patents
Method for treating sewage Download PDFInfo
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- CN111675332B CN111675332B CN202010545148.9A CN202010545148A CN111675332B CN 111675332 B CN111675332 B CN 111675332B CN 202010545148 A CN202010545148 A CN 202010545148A CN 111675332 B CN111675332 B CN 111675332B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/308—Biological phosphorus removal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating sewage, which comprises the steps of (1) introducing the sewage into a micro-aeration biological filter, inoculating sludge treated by adopting an SNAD method and sludge treated by denitrifying bacteria TN-14 in the micro-aeration biological filter by taking bamboo-based biochar as a carrier, and treating the sewage; (2) after the treatment of the step (1), the wastewater flows out through a water outlet above a sedimentation zone of the micro-aeration biological filter. The method has the advantages that the aeration power is saved, the bamboo-based biochar is used as the filler, and the sludge treated by the SNAD method and the sludge treated by the bacteria TN-14 are inoculated, so that no external carbon source is required to be added during wastewater treatment, and the method is favorable for enriching the nitrogen and phosphorus removal population with slow growth rate, thereby improving the nitrogen and phosphorus removal capability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a sewage treatment method.
Background
With the increase of the demand of meat products in China, the live pig breeding has a leading position in various meat breeding industries, and the environmental problems brought along with the live pig breeding are more and more prominent. Pig farms produce a large amount of wastewater during breeding, which is rich in organic matters, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus and other substances, and if the wastewater is not effectively treated, surface water and underground water are seriously polluted, and the human health is harmed. At present, an environment-friendly standard-reaching discharge type wastewater treatment process is adopted, such as anaerobic-aerobic biochemical treatment (A/O, A) 2 O, etc.) is a mainstream process for treating the excrement wastewater of a large-scale pig farm. Wherein, the anaerobic process treatment stage is mainly used for removing organic matters and decomposing organic nitrogen, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the anaerobic effluent can be further increased to cause the low-carbon high-ammonia nitrogen anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry (the carbon nitrogen ratio (COD/TN) is about (0.5-2): 1)]Further denitrification and dephosphorization treatment is needed in the aerobic biochemical stage. The traditional aerobic pig farm biogas slurry treatment process often faces practical engineering problems of poor denitrification effect, high subsequent treatment cost, high standard discharge pressure and the like. In recent years, some emerging denitrification processes, such as Simultaneous nitrosation-anammox-denitrification (SNAD) have been successfully developed based on the autotrophic denitrification principle, and not only have high denitrification efficiency, but also almost do not require a carbon source, and are suitable for treating wastewater with a low C/N ratio.
The SNAD process is used for treating NH in wastewater by the action of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) under the micro-aeration condition 4 + Conversion of the-N moiety to NO 2 - -N (formula (1)), followed by anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria (AnAOB) to convert NO 2 - -N and part of the remaining NH 4 + Conversion of-N to N 2 (formula (2)), and finally, the denitrifying bacteria denitrify autotrophic nitrogen in the presence of organic matter to produce a small amount of NO 2 - Reduction of-N to N 2 (formula (3)).
2NH 4 + +3O 2 →2NO 2 - +2H 2 O+4H + (1)
NH 4 + +1.31NO 2 -+0.066HCO 3 -+0.13H + →0.26NO 3 - +1.02N 2 +0.066CH 2 O 0.5 N 0.15 +2.03H 2 O (2)
2NO 3 - +1.25CH 3 COOH→2OH - +N 2 +2.5CO 2 +1.5H 2 O (3)
However, when the SNAD technology is used for treating the actual low-carbon high-nitrogen-phosphorus pig farm biogas slurry, the popularization and application of the SNAD technology in the actual engineering are restricted due to the defects of harsh operation conditions, complex management, poor phosphorus removal effect and the like. Therefore, for the important requirement of sustainable development of the pig raising industry, it is important to develop an effective method for simultaneously improving the nitrogen and phosphorus removal of the biogas slurry in the pig farm treated by the aerobic process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical defect that nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage cannot be simultaneously treated efficiently in the prior art, and discloses a sewage treatment method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme disclosed by the invention is as follows: the invention provides a method for treating sewage, which comprises the following steps:
(1) introducing sewage into a micro-aeration biological filter by a water inlet pump, filling bamboo-based biochar serving as a carrier in the micro-aeration biological filter, inoculating sludge obtained after sewage is treated by an SNAD method and sludge obtained after denitrification bacteria TN-14 treatment in the micro-aeration biological filter filled with the biochar, wherein the preservation number of the bacteria is CCTCC NO. M2013247, and treating the introduced sewage;
(2) after the treatment of the step (1), the wastewater flows out through a water outlet above a sedimentation zone of the micro-aeration biological filter.
By adopting the method, on one hand, based on a biological enhancement technical means, the common heterotrophic denitrification flora in the traditional SNAD process is changed, and the enriched short-range denitrifying bacteria TN-14 are added, the specific content of the bacteria is referred to the patent content disclosed by the publication number CN103497905B, the strain is a denitrification strain, and the invention finds that the sludge after the sewage is treated by the SNAD method and the sludge after the bacteria are treated are combined, so that the nitrogen and phosphorus can be efficiently removed in the denitrification process. Namely, the denitrifying bacteria can utilize organic matters in sewage as a carbon source to carry out denitrifying phosphorus removal, the organic matters and oxygen in the wastewater are consumed in the process, and meanwhile nitrate generated by anaerobic ammonia oxidation can be used as an electron acceptor to oxidize PHB to generate capacity for absorbing phosphorus.
On the other hand, the biochar is selected as a micro-aeration biological filter carrier on the basis of carrier aspect. The raw material for preparing the biochar is bamboo, and the biochar is prepared by adopting the prior art, for example, the method comprises the following steps: drying the pretreated bamboo at 105 ℃, introducing nitrogen into a tubular furnace at 500 ℃ for carbonization for 2h, wherein the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, naturally cooling and taking out. And (3) washing the fired biochar finished product with deionized water, removing impurities such as ash and the like remained on the surface, and drying for use.
The biochar is used as a novel biomass material, namely various biomasses (wood, grass, corn stalks, wheat straws, seed shells, excrement, leaves and the like) are subjected to high-temperature treatment under the anaerobic or anoxic condition, and part of the biomasses are converted into oil and gas to generate a carbon-rich product. The biochar not only has the advantages of activated carbon (such as large specific surface area, suitability for being used as a biological carrier, contribution to enrichment of microorganisms, improvement of sludge settling performance and the like), but also has unique advantages: firstly, the preparation cost is low, and the cost is about one tenth of that of the powdered activated carbon; secondly, the biochar prepared by low-temperature hydrolysis is beneficial to releasing soluble organic carbon, supplementing a biological carbon source, improving the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the wastewater, improving the biological denitrification efficiency of the wastewater with the low carbon-nitrogen ratio and improving the denitrification rate; thirdly, the good specific surface area is a good carrier for microorganisms, which is beneficial to the enrichment of microorganism population with slow growth rate; fourthly: the surface of the biochar prepared at low temperature contains oxygen functional groups, so that the electron transfer is enhanced, and the nitrogen and phosphorus removal rate of microorganisms in the reactor is increased.
Further, the filling rate of the bamboo-based biochar filled in the step (1) is 40-60% of the inner space of the reactor in the micro-aeration biological filter.
Further, the value of D0 in the micro-aeration biological filter in the step (1) is 0.4-0.6mg/L, and the treatment temperature is 25-35 ℃.
Further, the volume ratio of the sludge obtained after the SNAD method in the step (1) to the sludge treated by denitrifying bacteria TN-14 is 1-5:1, and the inoculation amount is 30-40% of the effective volume of the reactor in the micro-aeration biological filter.
Further, the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the sewage introduced in the step (1) is gradually increased, the sewage with low ammonia nitrogen concentration is firstly introduced into the micro-aeration biological filter for treatment for 50 days, and then the sewage with gradually increased ammonia nitrogen concentration is introduced into the micro-aeration biological filter for treatment for 50 days.
More specifically, the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the sewage in the step (1) is 150-450 mg/L. The invention finds that when the sewage with higher ammonia nitrogen concentration is treated, the growth of microorganisms in the sludge treated by the SNAD method and the sludge treated by denitrifying bacteria can be inhibited, so that the good sewage treatment effect can not be achieved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts a micro-aeration operation mode, thereby greatly saving aeration power; the sludge treated by the SNAD method and the sludge treated by the bacteria TN-14 are inoculated by taking the bamboo-based biochar as a filler, so that an exogenous carbon source is not required to be added when the wastewater is treated, and the enrichment of the nitrogen and phosphorus removal population with a slow growth rate is facilitated, thereby simultaneously improving the nitrogen and phosphorus removal capability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a microbial aeration filter;
in the figure, 1, a water inlet tank; 2. a water inlet pump; 3. an aeration pump; 4. a rotameter; 5. a dissolved oxygen instrument; 6. an aeration disc; 7. a water outlet; 8. a water outlet tank; 9. a biochar carrier; 10. a settling zone; 11. An aeration tank.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples. All reagents are commercially available from the prior art, which is not specifically described, but is used.
The first embodiment is as follows: the invention provides a method for treating sewage, which comprises the following steps:
(1) introducing sewage into a micro-aeration biological filter by a water inlet pump, filling bamboo-based biochar serving as a carrier in the micro-aeration biological filter, inoculating sludge obtained after sewage is treated by an SNAD method and sludge obtained after denitrification bacteria TN-14 treatment in the micro-aeration biological filter filled with the biochar, wherein the preservation number of the bacteria is CCTCC NO. M2013247, and treating the introduced sewage;
(2) after the treatment of the step (1), the wastewater flows out through a water outlet above a sedimentation zone of the micro-aeration biological filter.
The filling rate of the bamboo-based biochar filled in the step (1) is 40% of the inner space of the reactor in the micro-aeration biological filter.
The DO value of the dissolved oxygen in the micro-aeration biological filter in the step (1) is 0.4mg/L, and the reaction temperature is 25 ℃.
The volume ratio of the sludge obtained after the SNAD method in the step (1) to the sludge treated by denitrifying bacteria TN-14 is 5:1, and the inoculation amount is 30% of the effective volume of a reactor in the micro-aeration biological filter.
And (2) gradually increasing the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the sewage introduced in the step (1), introducing the sewage with low ammonia nitrogen concentration into the micro-aeration biological filter for treatment for 50d, and introducing the sewage with gradually increased ammonia nitrogen concentration into the micro-aeration biological filter for treatment for 50 d. For example, 150-.
The specific reactor starting process adopts the prior art, such as sequential indication, continuous flow, sequential indication and continuous flow, only the sequential indication and continuous flow are listed to understand the reactor starting process of the invention, in order to start the reactor, mixed sludge of SNAD sludge and TN-14 sludge is inoculated, the volume ratio is 5:1, and water is taken by continuously increasing the concentration of ammonia nitrogen. Firstly, biofilm culturing is carried out by adopting a sequencing batch water inlet mode, and the specific operation steps are that two periods are operated every day, wherein one period is 12 hours, namely water inlet time is 0.5 hour, aeration time is 10 hours, sedimentation time is 0.5 hour, and water outlet time is 0.5 hour. Due to the sequencing batch type water feeding, the biofilm culturing mode can reduce the loss of early stage microorganisms. After the film formation is successful, a continuous flow water inlet mode is adopted, the hydraulic retention time is 8-10h, the continuous flow water inlet is to control the water inlet flow rate to achieve the set hydraulic retention time, at the moment, the reactor is always in a micro-aeration state, and DO is 0.4 mg/L. The reactor is back-flushed every 2 weeks in a gas-water combined mode (5 min for gas-water, 5min for water).
For example, the method for treating biogas slurry in a pig farm: the experimental water is taken from actual biogas slurry of a certain large pig farm in a metropolis dual-flow area, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is adjusted by adopting a mode of diluting the actual biogas slurry, and meanwhile, the trace elements and the alkalinity are added, wherein the composition of the trace elements is (mg/L): CuCl 2 ·6H 2 O 0.1、 ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.1、FeCl 3 0.3、H 3 BO4 0.1、CoCl 2 0.1、EDTA 0.1；NaHCO 3 (105 mg. L-1) provides alkalinity. The adjusted inlet water quality is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Experimental quality of influent water
TABLE 2 quality of the effluent
The invention can adopt an aeration tank in the prior art, in order to more clearly express the working flow of the invention, a microorganism aeration filter tank used in the invention is shown in figure 1, sewage is placed in a water inlet tank 1 and enters an aeration tank 11 through a water inlet pump 2, the bottom of the aeration tank is provided with an aeration disc 6, an aeration pump 3 and a rotor flow meter 4 which are used for aeration, a biochar carrier 9 is filled in the aeration tank, sludge is also filled in the aeration tank, the aeration tank is also connected with a dissolved oxygen instrument for detecting dissolved oxygen, and finally, the sludge is precipitated in a precipitation zone 10 and flows out to a water outlet tank 8 through a water outlet 7.
Example two: the invention provides a method for treating sewage, which comprises the following steps:
(1) introducing sewage into a micro-aeration biological filter by a water inlet pump, filling bamboo-based biochar serving as a carrier in the micro-aeration biological filter, inoculating sludge obtained after sewage is treated by an SNAD method and sludge obtained after denitrification bacteria TN-14 treatment in the micro-aeration biological filter filled with the biochar, wherein the preservation number of the bacteria is CCTCC NO. M2013247, and treating the introduced sewage;
(2) after the treatment of the step (1), the wastewater flows out through a water outlet above a sedimentation zone of the micro-aeration biological filter.
The filling rate of the bamboo-based biochar filled in the step (1) is 50% of the inner space of the reactor in the micro-aeration biological filter.
The DO value of the dissolved oxygen in the micro-aeration biological filter in the step (1) is 0.6mg/L, and the reaction temperature is 35 ℃.
The volume ratio of the sludge obtained after the SNAD method in the step (1) to the sludge treated by denitrifying bacteria TN-14 is 1: 1, and the inoculation amount is 40% of the effective volume of the reactor in the micro-aeration biological filter.
And (2) gradually increasing the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the sewage introduced in the step (1), introducing the sewage with low ammonia nitrogen concentration into the micro-aeration biological filter for treatment for 50d, and introducing the sewage with gradually increased ammonia nitrogen concentration into the micro-aeration biological filter for treatment for 50 d. For example, 150-.
Example three: the invention provides a method for treating sewage, which comprises the following steps:
(1) introducing sewage into a micro-aeration biological filter by a water inlet pump, filling bamboo-based biochar serving as a carrier in the micro-aeration biological filter, inoculating sludge obtained after sewage is treated by an SNAD method and sludge obtained after denitrification bacteria TN-14 treatment in the micro-aeration biological filter filled with the biochar, wherein the preservation number of the bacteria is CCTCC NO. M2013247, and treating the introduced sewage;
(2) after the treatment of the step (1), the wastewater flows out through a water outlet above a sedimentation zone of the micro-aeration biological filter.
The filling rate of the bamboo-based biochar filled in the step (1) is 50% of the inner space of the reactor in the micro-aeration biological filter.
The DO value of the dissolved oxygen in the micro-aeration biological filter in the step (1) is 0.5mg/L, and the reaction temperature is 30 ℃.
The volume ratio of the sludge obtained after the SNAD method in the step (1) to the sludge treated by denitrifying bacteria TN-14 is 3: 1, and the inoculation amount is 35% of the effective volume of a reactor in the micro-aeration biological filter.
And (2) gradually increasing the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the sewage introduced in the step (1), introducing the sewage with low ammonia nitrogen concentration into the micro-aeration biological filter for treatment for 50d, and introducing the sewage with gradually increased ammonia nitrogen concentration into the micro-aeration biological filter for treatment for 50 d. For example, 150-.
The experiment researches the decontamination capability of SNAD sludge, TN-14 bacterial sludge and SNAD mixed sludge in treating the actual biogas slurry in the pig farm.
Respectively taking 50mL of different sludge in a 250mL conical flask, and respectively injecting 100mL of pig farm biogas slurry into the conical flasks, wherein the main water quality indexes are as follows: the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 456.22mg/L, the total nitrogen is 470.56mg/L, the total phosphorus is 28.48mg/L, and the COD is 402.06 mg/L. The conical flask is placed into a water bath constant temperature oscillator, the temperature is kept at 30 ℃, the reaction is carried out for 12 hours, and DO is controlled to be 0.6 mg/L.
Wherein the volume ratio of SNAD to TN-14 bacterial sludge is 2: 1, 3: 1, 4: 1 and 1: 1.
The effluent water quality indexes under all conditions are as follows:
(1) effluent index after SNAD process treatment
(2) Effluent indexes after TN-14 bacterial sludge treatment are as follows:
(3) the effluent indexes of sludge and TN-14 in the SNAD process after mixed treatment in different volume ratios are as follows:
the tests listed above show that the single SNAD process has better denitrification and carbon removal effects; the TN-14 is independently added, so that the phosphorus removal effect is better; when sludge in SNAD and TN-14 are inoculated at the same time, the effects of nitrogen removal, phosphorus removal and carbon removal are the best. For example, when the sludge ratio of SNAD sludge to TN-14 sludge is 3: 1, the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD are 68.60%, 62.07%, 66.92% and 80.95%, respectively.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method of treating wastewater, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) introducing sewage into a micro-aeration biological filter by a water inlet pump, filling bamboo-based biochar serving as a carrier in the micro-aeration biological filter, inoculating sludge obtained after sewage is treated by an SNAD method and sludge obtained after denitrification bacteria TN-14 treatment in the micro-aeration biological filter filled with the biochar, wherein the preservation number of the bacteria is CCTCC NO. M2013247, and treating the introduced sewage;
(2) after the treatment of the step (1), the wastewater flows out through a water outlet above a sedimentation zone of the micro-aeration biological filter;
the filling rate of the bamboo-based biochar filled in the step (1) is 40-60% of the inner space of the reactor in the micro-aeration biological filter; the volume ratio of the sludge obtained after the SNAD method in the step (1) to the sludge treated by denitrifying bacteria TN-14 is 1-5:1, and the inoculation amount is 30-40% of the effective volume of a reactor in the micro-aeration biological filter;
the DO value of the dissolved oxygen of the micro-aeration biological filter in the step (1) is 0.4-0.6mg/L, and the reaction temperature is 25-35 ℃;
the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the sewage introduced in the step (1) is gradually increased, the sewage with low ammonia nitrogen concentration is firstly introduced into a micro-aeration biological filter for treatment for 50d, and then the sewage with gradually increased ammonia nitrogen concentration is introduced into the micro-aeration biological filter for treatment for 50 d;
the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the sewage in the step (1) is 150-450 mg/L.
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| CN102241459B (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2012-10-10 | 北京大学 | Method for reinforcing adsorption-biodegradation (AB) denitrification technology by use of heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria |
| CN104129845B (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2017-02-08 | 成都信息工程大学 | Novel method for culturing aerobic denitrification granule sludge in continuous flow system |
| CN103497905B (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2016-03-02 | 成都信息工程学院 | A kind of efficient denitrification flcos producing bacteria strain and application thereof |
| TWI586610B (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2017-06-11 | 黎明興技術顧問股份有限公司 | Fluidized bed reactor for ammonia laden wastewater and method for treating ammonia laden wastewater |
| CN107445297A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-12-08 | 成都信息工程大学 | A kind of startup method for handling pig farm biogas slurry SNAD techniques |
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