CN111675195A - Energy-saving environment-friendly process flow for synthesizing hydrochloric acid - Google Patents
Energy-saving environment-friendly process flow for synthesizing hydrochloric acid Download PDFInfo
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- CN111675195A CN111675195A CN202010508438.6A CN202010508438A CN111675195A CN 111675195 A CN111675195 A CN 111675195A CN 202010508438 A CN202010508438 A CN 202010508438A CN 111675195 A CN111675195 A CN 111675195A
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- hydrochloric acid
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 188
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 ferric iron salt Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000004211 gastric acid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002085 irritant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000021 irritant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B7/00—Halogens; Halogen acids
- C01B7/01—Chlorine; Hydrogen chloride
- C01B7/012—Preparation of hydrogen chloride from the elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/34—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving environment-friendly process flow for synthesizing hydrochloric acid, which comprises the steps of enabling hydrogen from hydrogen treatment to pass through a hydrogen buffer tank, a hydrogen distribution platform, a flame arrester and a flame arrester in front of a furnace, then enabling the hydrogen to enter a synthesis furnace, and enabling the hydrogen from a liquid chlorine working section to pass through the chlorine buffer tank and the chlorine distribution platform to enter the synthesis furnace to perform combustion reaction to generate hydrogen chloride gas, enabling the gas to be cooled through a synthesis furnace jacket, a horse trough and a graphite hydrogen chloride cooler, enabling condensed acid to flow into an intermediate trough, enabling the cooled gas to enter the hydrogen chloride distribution platform, then enabling the cooled gas to enter two sets of parallel first-stage and second-stage graphite falling film absorption towers and three-stage packing absorption towers to be absorbed by system water and dilute acid, enabling qualified synthetic hydrochloric acid to flow to the synthesis intermediate trough through an acid flowing pipe, and enabling unabsorbed inert gas, a small amount of. The process provided by the invention has the advantages that the utilization rate of the hydrogen chloride can be greatly improved by arranging a series of structures, and the process is green and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrochloric acid synthesis, in particular to an energy-saving and environment-friendly process flow for synthesizing hydrochloric acid.
Background
Hydrochloric acid (hydrochloric acid) is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl), belongs to strong inorganic monobasic acid, and has wide industrial application. Has strong pungent odor and high corrosivity. The concentrated hydrochloric acid (mass fraction is about 37%) has extremely strong volatility, so that hydrogen chloride gas can volatilize after a container containing the concentrated hydrochloric acid is opened, and the hydrogen chloride gas is combined with water vapor in the air to generate small drops of hydrochloric acid, so that acid mist appears above a bottle mouth. Hydrochloric acid is the main component of gastric acid and it promotes digestion of food and protects against microbial infections. Hydrochloric acid is a colorless liquid (industrial hydrochloric acid is slightly yellow due to impurities, namely ferric iron salt), is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride, has an irritant odor, and is generally used in laboratories at 0.1mol/L and at a pH of 1. Since concentrated hydrochloric acid is volatile, the volatilized hydrogen chloride gas reacts with water vapor in the air to form small drops of hydrochloric acid, so that white mist is seen. Hydrochloric acid is mixed with water and ethanol at will, and concentrated hydrochloric acid is diluted to release heat, and hydrogen chloride can be dissolved in benzene.
However, the hydrogen chloride utilization rate of the existing energy-saving environment-friendly hydrochloric acid synthesis process flow in the market is low, the hydrochloric acid synthesis efficiency is low, the environment is polluted, workers are injured, and the production is not facilitated; therefore, the existing requirements are not met, and an energy-saving and environment-friendly process flow for synthesizing hydrochloric acid is provided for the requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an energy-saving environment-friendly process flow for synthesizing hydrochloric acid, which aims to solve the problems that the utilization rate of hydrogen chloride is low, the efficiency of synthesizing hydrochloric acid is low, the environment is polluted, workers are injured and production is not facilitated in the existing process flow for synthesizing hydrochloric acid in the market in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an energy-saving environment-friendly process flow for synthesizing hydrochloric acid comprises the following steps:
step 1: hydrogen from hydrogen treatment enters the synthesis furnace through the hydrogen buffer tank, the hydrogen distribution platform, the flame arrester and the flame arrester in front of the furnace, and is subjected to combustion reaction with chlorine from a liquid chlorine working section entering the synthesis furnace through the chlorine buffer tank and the chlorine distribution platform to generate hydrogen chloride gas;
step 2: the gas is cooled by a synthesis furnace jacket, a manger and a graphite hydrogen chloride cooler, and condensed acid flows into an intermediate tank;
and step 3: the cooled gas enters a hydrogen chloride distribution platform and then enters two sets of parallel first-stage and second-stage graphite falling film absorption towers and three-stage filler absorption towers, and after being absorbed by system water and dilute acid, qualified synthetic hydrochloric acid is generated and flows to a synthetic intermediate tank through an acid flowing pipe;
and 4, step 4: the unabsorbed inert gas, a small amount of hydrogen chloride gas and hydrogen gas are carried into a gas-liquid separator by water through a water injection pump and then are emptied.
Preferably, the chlorine gas is generated from tail chlorine generated in the process of preparing liquid chlorine after passing through electrolysis, so that the chlorine gas in the tail chlorine can be effectively utilized, and the hydrogen gas enters the synthesis furnace after passing through a hydrogen buffer tank, a hydrogen distribution platform, a flame arrester and a furnace front flame arrester after passing through electrolysis, wherein the electrolysis equation is as follows:
2NaCl+2H2O＝2NaOH+H2↑+Cl2↑
h + directly discharges on the cathode to generate hydrogen, a proper amount of high-purity hydrochloric acid is added into the anode chamber to neutralize the returned OH < - > in the electrolysis process, required pure water is added into the cathode chamber, the temperature of the electrolysis bath is adjusted to be less than 88 ℃, the pressure of the total hydrogen is less than 2.7mH2O, and the pressure of the total chlorine is less than 2.3mH2O, so that the process flow can fully utilize the chlorine and the hydrogen, the raw materials are saved, the cost is greatly reduced, the environment is not polluted, and the method is green and environment-friendly.
Preferably, the treatment of hydrogen and chlorine by the synthesis furnace in step 1 is as follows:
step 1-1: introducing chlorine and hydrogen into the synthesis furnace;
step 1-2: the synthetic furnace consists of a combustion chamber and a combustion nozzle, wherein the combustion chamber is a cylinder made of heat-resistant impermeable graphite, the outer side of the combustion chamber is covered by a steel shell, cooling water is filled between the combustion chamber and the cylinder, the main part of the combustion nozzle is a transparent quartz sleeve which is arranged in an impermeable graphite frame at the uppermost part of the combustion chamber, the inner pipe is filled with chlorine, and the outer pipe is filled with hydrogen;
step 1-3: adopting a downward spray combustion mode, wherein the pressure of the synthesis furnace is less than or equal to 250mmH2O, so that hydrogen and chlorine are combusted to generate hydrogen chloride gas, and the combustion reaction equation is as follows:
H2+Cl2＝2HCl
preferably, the treatment of the hydrogen chloride gas by the condenser in the step 2 is specifically as follows:
step 2-1: hydrogen chloride gas generated by combustion enters a cooler;
step 2-2: under the action of low temperature, a part of the condensed acid is condensed into condensed acid;
step 2-3: and a part of the hydrogen chloride is combined with water in the gas to form hydrochloric acid;
step 2-4: the condensed acid liquid formed in the cooler enters an intermediate tank;
step 2-5: and the cooled hydrogen chloride gas enters a hydrogen chloride distribution table and is distributed by the hydrogen chloride distribution table.
Preferably, the treatment of hydrogen chloride gas by the graphite falling film absorber in step 3 is specifically as follows:
step 3-1: hydrogen chloride in the hydrogen chloride distribution table enters a graphite falling film absorber for falling film absorption, hydrogen chloride gas and water or dilute acid enter from the top end of the graphite falling film absorber and downwards pass through a pipe together, meanwhile, hydrogen chloride in the water or dilute acid is gradually increased, hydrogen chloride in the gas is gradually reduced, and heat generated by hydrogen chloride absorption is continuously removed by cooling water in a container shell;
step 3-2: when the tail gas flows out from the bottom of the device, the hydrogen chloride is not completely absorbed, then the tail gas enters a tail tower in the device, and the tail gas enters from the upper end of the tail tower;
step 3-3: pure water is sprayed downwards from the top end of the tail tower and is further mixed with hydrogen chloride in the tail gas to form dilute acid which can be recycled;
step 3-4: so that the hydrogen chloride can be fully absorbed, the generated hydrochloric acid is introduced into the intermediate tank to be mixed with the condensate, and qualified hydrochloric acid can be formed, wherein the outlet temperature is less than or equal to 170 ℃;
step 3-5: qualified hydrochloric acid is discharged into a hydrochloric acid storage tank to carry out the next work, so that hydrogen chloride gas can be fully used, and the cost is indirectly reduced.
Preferably, the treatment of the tail gas by the gas-liquid separator in the step 4 is as follows:
step 4-1: the gas discharged from the tail tower contains moisture, and the discharged gas is introduced into the filler absorption tower;
step 4-2: and further carrying out gas-liquid separation, wherein unabsorbed inert gas, a small amount of hydrogen chloride gas and hydrogen gas are carried into a gas-liquid separator by water through a water jet pump and then are emptied.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the process provided by the invention has the advantages that the utilization rate of the hydrogen chloride can be greatly improved by arranging a series of structures, and the process is green and environment-friendly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the operation of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-2, an embodiment of the present invention is shown: an energy-saving environment-friendly process flow for synthesizing hydrochloric acid comprises the following steps:
step 1: hydrogen from hydrogen treatment enters the synthesis furnace through the hydrogen buffer tank, the hydrogen distribution platform, the flame arrester and the flame arrester in front of the furnace, and is subjected to combustion reaction with chlorine from a liquid chlorine working section entering the synthesis furnace through the chlorine buffer tank and the chlorine distribution platform to generate hydrogen chloride gas;
step 2: the gas is cooled by a synthesis furnace jacket, a manger and a graphite hydrogen chloride cooler, and condensed acid flows into an intermediate tank;
and step 3: the cooled gas enters a hydrogen chloride distribution platform and then enters two sets of parallel first-stage and second-stage graphite falling film absorption towers and three-stage filler absorption towers, and after being absorbed by system water and dilute acid, qualified synthetic hydrochloric acid is generated and flows to a synthetic intermediate tank through an acid flowing pipe;
and 4, step 4: the unabsorbed inert gas, a small amount of hydrogen chloride gas and hydrogen gas are carried into a gas-liquid separator by water through a water injection pump and then are emptied.
Furthermore, the energy-saving environment-friendly process flow of synthesizing hydrochloric acid is that after being electrolyzed, the chlorine in the tail chlorine can be effectively utilized from the tail chlorine generated during the preparation of liquid chlorine, the energy-saving environment-friendly process flow of synthesizing hydrochloric acid hydrogen enters the synthesis furnace after passing through the hydrogen buffer tank, the hydrogen distribution platform, the flame arrester and the flame arrester in front of the furnace after being electrolyzed, and the electrolysis equation is as follows:
2NaCl+2H2O＝2NaOH+H2↑+Cl2↑
h + directly discharges on the cathode to generate hydrogen, a proper amount of high-purity hydrochloric acid is added into the anode chamber to neutralize the returned OH < - > in the electrolysis process, required pure water is added into the cathode chamber, the temperature of the electrolysis bath is adjusted to be less than 88 ℃, the pressure of the total hydrogen is less than 2.7mH2O, and the pressure of the total chlorine is less than 2.3mH2O, so that the process flow can fully utilize the chlorine and the hydrogen, the raw materials are saved, the cost is greatly reduced, the environment is not polluted, and the method is green and environment-friendly.
Further, the treatment of hydrogen and chlorine by the synthesis furnace in step 1 is specifically as follows:
step 1-1: introducing chlorine and hydrogen into the synthesis furnace;
step 1-2: the synthetic furnace consists of a combustion chamber and a combustion nozzle, wherein the combustion chamber is a cylinder made of heat-resistant impermeable graphite, the outer side of the combustion chamber is covered by a steel shell, cooling water is filled between the combustion chamber and the cylinder, the main part of the combustion nozzle is a transparent quartz sleeve which is arranged in an impermeable graphite frame at the uppermost part of the combustion chamber, the inner pipe is filled with chlorine, and the outer pipe is filled with hydrogen;
step 1-3: adopting a downward spray combustion mode, wherein the pressure of the synthesis furnace is less than or equal to 250mmH2O, so that hydrogen and chlorine are combusted to generate hydrogen chloride gas, and the combustion reaction equation is as follows:
H2+Cl2＝2HCl
further, the treatment of the hydrogen chloride gas by the condenser in the step 2 is specifically as follows:
step 2-1: hydrogen chloride gas generated by combustion enters a cooler;
step 2-2: under the action of low temperature, a part of the condensed acid is condensed into condensed acid;
step 2-3: and a part of the hydrogen chloride is combined with water in the gas to form hydrochloric acid;
step 2-4: the condensed acid liquid formed in the cooler enters an intermediate tank;
step 2-5: and the cooled hydrogen chloride gas enters a hydrogen chloride distribution table and is distributed by the hydrogen chloride distribution table.
Further, the treatment of the hydrogen chloride gas by the graphite falling film absorber in the step 3 is specifically as follows:
step 3-1: hydrogen chloride in the hydrogen chloride distribution table enters a graphite falling film absorber for falling film absorption, hydrogen chloride gas and water or dilute acid enter from the top end of the graphite falling film absorber and downwards pass through a pipe together, meanwhile, hydrogen chloride in the water or dilute acid is gradually increased, hydrogen chloride in the gas is gradually reduced, and heat generated by hydrogen chloride absorption is continuously removed by cooling water in a container shell;
step 3-2: when the tail gas flows out from the bottom of the device, the hydrogen chloride is not completely absorbed, then the tail gas enters a tail tower in the device, and the tail gas enters from the upper end of the tail tower;
step 3-3: pure water is sprayed downwards from the top end of the tail tower and is further mixed with hydrogen chloride in the tail gas to form dilute acid which can be recycled;
step 3-4: so that the hydrogen chloride can be fully absorbed, the generated hydrochloric acid is introduced into the intermediate tank to be mixed with the condensate, and qualified hydrochloric acid can be formed, wherein the outlet temperature is less than or equal to 170 ℃;
step 3-5: qualified hydrochloric acid is discharged into a hydrochloric acid storage tank to carry out the next work, so that hydrogen chloride gas can be fully used, and the cost is indirectly reduced.
Further, the treatment of the tail gas by the gas-liquid separator in the step 4 is specifically as follows:
step 4-1: the gas discharged from the tail tower contains moisture, and the discharged gas is introduced into the filler absorption tower;
step 4-2: and further carrying out gas-liquid separation, wherein unabsorbed inert gas, a small amount of hydrogen chloride gas and hydrogen gas are carried into a gas-liquid separator by water through a water jet pump and then are emptied.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (6)
1. An energy-saving environment-friendly process flow for synthesizing hydrochloric acid comprises the following steps:
step 1: hydrogen from hydrogen treatment enters the synthesis furnace through the hydrogen buffer tank, the hydrogen distribution platform, the flame arrester and the flame arrester in front of the furnace, and is subjected to combustion reaction with chlorine from a liquid chlorine working section entering the synthesis furnace through the chlorine buffer tank and the chlorine distribution platform to generate hydrogen chloride gas;
step 2: the gas is cooled by a synthesis furnace jacket, a manger and a graphite hydrogen chloride cooler, and condensed acid flows into an intermediate tank;
and step 3: the cooled gas enters a hydrogen chloride distribution platform and then enters two sets of parallel first-stage and second-stage graphite falling film absorption towers and three-stage filler absorption towers, and after being absorbed by system water and dilute acid, qualified synthetic hydrochloric acid is generated and flows to a synthetic intermediate tank through an acid flowing pipe;
and 4, step 4: the unabsorbed inert gas, a small amount of hydrogen chloride gas and hydrogen gas are carried into a gas-liquid separator by water through a water injection pump and then are emptied.
2. The process flow of energy-saving and environment-friendly synthesis of hydrochloric acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: the chlorine gas is electrolyzed, and the chlorine gas in the tail chlorine can be effectively utilized from tail chlorine generated in the process of preparing liquid chlorine, the hydrogen gas enters the synthesis furnace after passing through the hydrogen buffer tank, the hydrogen distribution platform, the flame arrester and the flame arrester in front of the furnace, and the electrolysis equation is as follows:
2NaCl+2H2O＝2NaOH+H2↑+Cl2↑
h + directly discharges on the cathode to generate hydrogen, a proper amount of high-purity hydrochloric acid is added into the anode chamber to neutralize the returned OH < - > in the electrolysis process, required pure water is added into the cathode chamber, the temperature of the electrolysis bath is adjusted to be less than 88 ℃, the pressure of the total hydrogen is less than 2.7mH2O, and the pressure of the total chlorine is less than 2.3mH2O, so that the process flow can fully utilize the chlorine and the hydrogen, the raw materials are saved, the cost is greatly reduced, the environment is not polluted, and the method is green and environment-friendly.
3. The process flow of energy-saving and environment-friendly synthesis of hydrochloric acid according to claim 1, wherein the treatment of hydrogen and chlorine by the synthesis furnace in step 1 is as follows:
step 1-1: introducing chlorine and hydrogen into the synthesis furnace;
step 1-2: the synthetic furnace consists of a combustion chamber and a combustion nozzle, wherein the combustion chamber is a cylinder made of heat-resistant impermeable graphite, the outer side of the combustion chamber is covered by a steel shell, cooling water is filled between the combustion chamber and the cylinder, the main part of the combustion nozzle is a transparent quartz sleeve which is arranged in an impermeable graphite frame at the uppermost part of the combustion chamber, the inner pipe is filled with chlorine, and the outer pipe is filled with hydrogen;
step 1-3: adopting a downward spray combustion mode, wherein the pressure of the synthesis furnace is less than or equal to 250mmH2O, so that hydrogen and chlorine are combusted to generate hydrogen chloride gas, and the combustion reaction equation is as follows:
H2+Cl2＝2HCl。
4. the process flow for energy-saving and environment-friendly synthesis of hydrochloric acid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the treatment of hydrogen chloride gas by the condenser in step 2 is as follows:
step 2-1: hydrogen chloride gas generated by combustion enters a cooler;
step 2-2: under the action of low temperature, a part of the condensed acid is condensed into condensed acid;
step 2-3: and a part of the hydrogen chloride is combined with water in the gas to form hydrochloric acid;
step 2-4: the condensed acid liquid formed in the cooler enters an intermediate tank;
step 2-5: and the cooled hydrogen chloride gas enters a hydrogen chloride distribution table and is distributed by the hydrogen chloride distribution table.
5. The process flow of energy-saving and environment-friendly synthesis of hydrochloric acid according to claim 1, wherein the treatment of hydrogen chloride gas by the graphite falling film absorber in step 3 is as follows:
step 3-1: hydrogen chloride in the hydrogen chloride distribution table enters a graphite falling film absorber for falling film absorption, hydrogen chloride gas and water or dilute acid enter from the top end of the graphite falling film absorber and downwards pass through a pipe together, meanwhile, hydrogen chloride in the water or dilute acid is gradually increased, hydrogen chloride in the gas is gradually reduced, and heat generated by hydrogen chloride absorption is continuously removed by cooling water in a container shell;
step 3-2: when the tail gas flows out from the bottom of the device, the hydrogen chloride is not completely absorbed, then the tail gas enters a tail tower in the device, and the tail gas enters from the upper end of the tail tower;
step 3-3: pure water is sprayed downwards from the top end of the tail tower and is further mixed with hydrogen chloride in the tail gas to form dilute acid which can be recycled;
step 3-4: so that the hydrogen chloride can be fully absorbed, the generated hydrochloric acid is introduced into the intermediate tank to be mixed with the condensate, and qualified hydrochloric acid can be formed, wherein the outlet temperature is less than or equal to 170 ℃;
step 3-5: qualified hydrochloric acid is discharged into a hydrochloric acid storage tank to carry out the next work, so that hydrogen chloride gas can be fully used, and the cost is indirectly reduced.
6. The process flow of energy-saving and environment-friendly synthesis of hydrochloric acid as claimed in claim 5, wherein the treatment of tail gas by the gas-liquid separator in step 4 is as follows:
step 4-1: the gas discharged from the tail tower contains moisture, and the discharged gas is introduced into the filler absorption tower;
step 4-2: and further carrying out gas-liquid separation, wherein unabsorbed inert gas, a small amount of hydrogen chloride gas and hydrogen gas are carried into a gas-liquid separator by water through a water jet pump and then are emptied.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113716526A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-11-30 | 福建福豆新材料有限公司 | Combustion reactor for producing high-purity electronic grade hydrogen bromide and equipment thereof |
| CN115367707A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-22 | 湖北兴福电子材料股份有限公司 | Production method of ultra-pure electronic grade hydrogen chloride and electronic grade hydrochloric acid |
| CN116495704A (en) * | 2023-03-13 | 2023-07-28 | 衢州诺尔化工科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly high-concentration hydrochloric acid production equipment |
-
2020
- 2020-06-06 CN CN202010508438.6A patent/CN111675195A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113716526A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-11-30 | 福建福豆新材料有限公司 | Combustion reactor for producing high-purity electronic grade hydrogen bromide and equipment thereof |
| CN113716526B (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-11-15 | 福建福豆新材料有限公司 | Combustion reactor for producing high-purity electronic grade hydrogen bromide and equipment thereof |
| CN115367707A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-22 | 湖北兴福电子材料股份有限公司 | Production method of ultra-pure electronic grade hydrogen chloride and electronic grade hydrochloric acid |
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