CN111673540A - Actual cutting-oriented diamond cutter cutting edge profile calculation method - Google Patents
Actual cutting-oriented diamond cutter cutting edge profile calculation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111673540A CN111673540A CN202010563542.5A CN202010563542A CN111673540A CN 111673540 A CN111673540 A CN 111673540A CN 202010563542 A CN202010563542 A CN 202010563542A CN 111673540 A CN111673540 A CN 111673540A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0904—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool before or after machining
- B23Q17/0914—Arrangements for measuring or adjusting cutting-tool geometry machine tools
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for calculating the cutting edge profile of a diamond cutter facing actual cutting, which comprises the steps of measuring three-dimensional data of the cutting edge profile of the diamond cutter, determining a direction vector of a cutting speed relative to the cutter, establishing a cutting coordinate system by taking the cutting speed direction as the positive direction of an X axis, then carrying out a series of coordinate transformation, projecting a curved surface of the cutting edge profile of the cutter onto a plane vertical to the cutting speed direction, and finally extracting the cutting edge profile from projection points of the cutting edge profile of the cutter. The diamond cutter contour calculation method provided by the invention considers the actual cutting speed, can realize the calculation of the cutting edge contour of the diamond cutter directly contacted with the processed workpiece, and is beneficial to solving the problems of evaluation of the cutting edge contour of the diamond cutter in actual cutting and research on the influence of the cutting edge contour of the diamond cutter on the surface quality of the processed workpiece in the creation of a high-quality surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ultra-precision machining, and particularly relates to a method for calculating the edge profile of a diamond cutter for actual cutting.
Background
The ultra-precision diamond cutting technology is an important means for processing high-precision parts, wherein the final processing surface of a workpiece in ultra-precision cutting is formed by cutting the surface of the workpiece by a diamond cutter, and the diamond cutter cuts through the surface of the workpiece and is based on the principle of copying.
Therefore, the surface quality of the workpiece to be processed greatly depends on the edge profile of the diamond cutter in direct contact with the workpiece, the calculation of the edge profile of the diamond cutter facing the actual processing is important for controlling the processing quality of the workpiece, and the research on the influence of the edge profile of the cutter facing the actual cutting on the surface quality of the workpiece to be cut is important.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a method for calculating the cutting edge profile of a diamond tool for actual cutting.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for calculating the cutting edge profile of a diamond cutter facing actual cutting is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a. measuring by using a microscope to obtain three-dimensional data of the profile of the cutting edge of the diamond cutter under a microscope coordinate system;
b. calculating a direction vector of the cutting speed of the cutter in a cutter coordinate system;
c. establishing a cutting coordinate system;
d. carrying out coordinate transformation to project the three-dimensional data of the profile appearance of the cutting edge of the cutter in the microscope coordinate system onto a YZ plane of the cutting machining coordinate system;
e. and d, extracting the cutting edge profile from the projection of the profile of the cutting edge profile of the cutter obtained in the step d.
Further, the microscope in the step a is an atomic force microscope.
Further, the cutting coordinate system in the step c is a cartesian coordinate system, and the coordinate system takes the cutting speed direction of the tool as the positive direction of the X axis, and the direction which is perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece and points to the workpiece as the positive direction of the Z axis.
Further, the coordinate transformation in step d includes: the three-dimensional data of the profile appearance of the cutting edge of the diamond cutter under the microscope coordinate is converted into a cutter coordinate system, the three-dimensional data of the profile appearance of the cutting edge of the diamond cutter in the obtained cutter coordinate system is converted into a cutting machining coordinate system, and the three-dimensional data of the profile appearance of the cutting edge of the diamond cutter in the obtained cutting machining coordinate system is projected onto a YZ plane of the cutting machining coordinate system.
Further, the method for extracting the edge profile in the step d comprises the following steps: finding out the maximum z value z corresponding to all y values in all points projected on the YZ planemaxFrom all of (y, z)max) The points constitute the profile of the edge of the diamond tool facing the actual cutting.
The invention has the advantages that: the calculation method provided by the invention establishes the cutting coordinate system by taking the cutting speed direction of the tool as the positive direction of the X axis, considers the influence of the cutting speed direction of the diamond tool on the copying of the cutting edge profile on the surface profile of the workpiece in the cutting process, realizes the accurate calculation of the cutting edge profile of the diamond tool for actual cutting, is beneficial to the effective evaluation of the profile appearance of the cutting edge of the diamond tool in actual cutting, and is beneficial to the research on the influence of the cutting edge profile of the diamond tool on the surface quality of the workpiece to be cut in high-quality surface creation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for calculating a cutting edge profile of a diamond tool;
FIG. 2 is a profile of the cutting edge of the tool for a cutting portion as measured by an atomic force microscope;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the direction vector of the cutting speed relative to the tool;
FIG. 4 is a projection of three-dimensional data points of the profile of the cutting edge of the tool on a YZ plane of a machining coordinate system;
fig. 5 is the profile of the edge of the diamond tool facing the actual cut.
In the figure, 1, a tool coordinate system z ' axis 2, a tool coordinate system y ' axis 3, a tool coordinate system x ' axis 4, a tool cutting speed direction 5, a diamond tool bit 6 of the diamond tool, and a tool body of the diamond tool.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
In the embodiment, an atomic force microscope (Oxford instrument) is adopted to measure the appearance of the cutting edge of the diamond cutter, the radius of the circular arc of the selected diamond cutter is 5mm, and the diamond cutter is arranged on a fly-cutting machine. The flow of calculating the profile of the cutting edge profile of the diamond cutter facing actual cutting is shown in fig. 1, and the specific steps are as follows:
a. placing the diamond cutter under an atomic force microscope to measure the cutting edge profile of the cutting point, and obtaining and outputting three-dimensional data points (x) of the cutting edge profile curved surface of the diamond cutter under an atomic force microscope coordinate system xyzi，yi，zi) I ═ 1, 2, 3 … …, as shown in fig. 2;
b. and calculating the direction vector of the cutting speed of the diamond cutter relative to the direction vector of the cutter, namely calculating the direction vector of the cutting speed of the cutter in a cutter coordinate system. Calculating the direction of the cutting speed of the tool according to the cutting motion process parameters of the workpiece to be processed, obtaining the motion direction of the tool relative to the workpiece, and representing the motion direction in a tool coordinate system x ' y ' z ', as shown in fig. 3;
c. a machining coordinate system x ' y ' z ' is established. The coordinate system is a Cartesian coordinate system, the direction of the cutting speed of the cutter is the positive direction of an X axis, and the direction which is vertical to the surface of the workpiece and points to the workpiece is the positive direction of a Z axis.
d. And (3) performing coordinate transformation to project the three-dimensional data of the profile appearance of the cutting edge of the cutter in the microscope coordinate system onto a YZ plane of the cutting machining coordinate system, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
① the three-dimensional data points (x) of the tool cutting edge profile curve obtained in step a are firstly obtainedi，yi，zi) And obtaining the coordinate representation of the tool coordinate system x ' y ' z ' through coordinate rotation transformation. Coordinate transformation matrix as T1(5 clockwise about the y-axis), the three-dimensional data for the profile of the tool edge profile in the tool coordinate system x 'y' z 'is represented as (x'i，y′i，z′i) The coordinate transformation is shown in formula (1):
② three-dimensional data (x ') of tool edge profile curved surface under the tool coordinate system in ①'i，y′i，z′i) Coordinate representation in a cutting coordinate system x ' y ' z ' is obtained through coordinate rotation transformation. Coordinate transformation matrix as T2(clockwise 5 degrees around the z ' -axis), and the three-dimensional data points of the profile appearance of the cutting edge of the tool in the cutting machining coordinate system x ' y ' z ' are expressed as (x ')i，y″i，z″i) The coordinate transformation is shown in equation (2):
③ obtaining three-dimensional data points (x ″) of the profile of the cutting edge of the cutter in the cutting processing coordinate system from ②i，y″i，z″i) Projecting to YZ plane of coordinate system x "y" z "to obtain corresponding projection point coordinate (0, y ″)i，z″i) I is 1, 2, 3 … …, as shown in fig. 4.
e. From step dTo the projection point (0, y ″)i，z″i) And i is 1, 2, 3 … …. In the projection point set (0, y ″)i，z″i) In the constructed region, y ″' is foundiCorresponding maximum point z ″)i maxThen all of (y ″)iz″i max) The dots constitute the profile of the edge of the diamond tool facing the actual cut as shown in figure 5.
The above examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein by those skilled in the relevant art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and it is intended that all such equivalent arrangements fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for calculating the cutting edge profile of a diamond cutter facing actual cutting is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a. measuring by using a microscope to obtain three-dimensional data of the profile of the cutting edge of the diamond cutter under a microscope coordinate system;
b. calculating a direction vector of the cutting speed of the cutter in a cutter coordinate system;
c. establishing a cutting coordinate system;
d. carrying out coordinate transformation to project the three-dimensional data of the profile appearance of the cutting edge of the cutter in the microscope coordinate system onto a YZ plane of the cutting machining coordinate system;
e. and d, extracting the cutting edge profile from the projection of the profile of the cutting edge profile of the cutter obtained in the step d.
2. A method for calculating an edge profile of a diamond tool for actual cutting according to claim 1, wherein said microscope in step a is an atomic force microscope.
3. An edge profile calculation method for a diamond tool facing practical cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting coordinate system in the step c is a cartesian coordinate system with the cutting speed direction of the tool as the positive direction of the X axis and the direction perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece and pointing to the workpiece as the positive direction of the Z axis.
4. A method of calculating an edge profile of a diamond tool for actual cutting according to claim 1, wherein the coordinate transformation in step d comprises: the method comprises the steps of firstly converting three-dimensional data of the profile appearance of the cutting edge of the diamond cutter under a microscope coordinate into a cutter coordinate system, then converting the three-dimensional data of the profile appearance of the cutting edge of the cutter in the cutter coordinate system into a cutting machining coordinate system, and finally projecting the three-dimensional data of the profile appearance of the cutting edge of the cutter in the cutting machining coordinate system onto a YZ plane of the cutting machining coordinate system.
5. The method for calculating the edge profile of a diamond tool for practical cutting according to claim 1, wherein the method for extracting the edge profile in the step d comprises the following steps: finding out the maximum z value z corresponding to all y values from all the cutter edge contour points projected on the YZ planemaxFrom all of (y, z)max) The points constitute the profile of the edge of the diamond tool facing the actual cutting.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113770812A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-10 | 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 | Method and system for predicting influence of tool wear on curved surface profile precision |
| CN113770805A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-12-10 | 天津大学 | Turning surface roughness prediction method based on cutter parameters and material parameters |
| CN115229566A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-25 | 深圳精匠云创科技有限公司 | Tool sharpening system and tool sharpening method |
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| CN113770805A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-12-10 | 天津大学 | Turning surface roughness prediction method based on cutter parameters and material parameters |
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