CN111672342B - Fuel premixing device for preventing fuel oil thermal oxidation coking problem - Google Patents
Fuel premixing device for preventing fuel oil thermal oxidation coking problem Download PDFInfo
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- CN111672342B CN111672342B CN202010409238.5A CN202010409238A CN111672342B CN 111672342 B CN111672342 B CN 111672342B CN 202010409238 A CN202010409238 A CN 202010409238A CN 111672342 B CN111672342 B CN 111672342B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/70—Pre-treatment of the materials to be mixed
- B01F23/708—Filtering materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/45—Magnetic mixers; Mixers with magnetically driven stirrers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/70—Mixers specially adapted for working at sub- or super-atmospheric pressure, e.g. combined with de-foaming
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/82—Combinations of dissimilar mixers
- B01F33/821—Combinations of dissimilar mixers with consecutive receptacles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
- B01F2101/503—Mixing fuel or propellant and water or gas, e.g. air, or other fluids, e.g. liquid additives to obtain fluid fuel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel premixing device for preventing the thermal oxidation coking problem of fuel oil, which comprises a fuel oil injection system, a nitrogen injection system, a fuel oil deoxidizing device, a waste gas recovery system and a fuel oil premixing system, wherein the fuel oil injection system comprises a fuel tank, the nitrogen injection system comprises a nitrogen cylinder A and a nitrogen flow divider, the fuel oil deoxidizing device is provided with a top waste gas outlet, a bottom oil outlet and a fuel oil inlet on the side surface of the bottom, the bottom oil outlet is connected with an inlet of a liquid flow meter, the nitrogen flow divider is positioned in the fuel oil deoxidizing device, and an air outlet of the nitrogen flow divider and the wall surface of the fuel oil deoxidizing device form an upward 55-degree included angle; the fuel premixing system comprises a fuel injector arranged at the top of the premixing tank; the deoxidized fuel oil treated by the fuel oil deoxidizing device flows out from an oil outlet at the bottom of the fuel oil deoxidizing device and reaches the oil injector through the liquid flowmeter. The invention realizes the improvement of the thermal oxidation coking problem of the fuel oil and the cracking problem caused by long-time heating of the fuel oil by constructing the low-pressure oxygen-free evaporation environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fuel premixing device, in particular to a premixing device suitable for fuel chemical reaction dynamics measurement.
Background
Coking refers to the process of thermal oxidation or thermal cracking reaction of fuel oil under high temperature condition to generate macromolecular carbon deposition particles, and the macromolecular carbon deposition particles are further aggregated to form coking precipitates. When the chemical reaction kinetics of fuel is researched, homogeneous premixed gas needs to be prepared in advance, in the process of preparing the homogeneous premixed gas, for light volatile fuel oil, the fuel oil is heated and stirred with the help of a premixing device and is easy to evaporate and is mixed with air to form the homogeneous premixed gas, but for heavy nonvolatile fuel oil, the phenomenon of thermal oxidation and coking of the fuel oil is easy to occur in the premixing device in the process of forming the homogeneous premixed gas by using the same method, so that the homogeneous premixed gas with the expected equivalence ratio cannot be obtained, and simultaneously, generated coking products are attached to the wall surface of the premixing device or a pipeline to influence the normal work of equipment.
In a traditional premixing device, after the air-fuel ratio of fuel is determined, a certain amount of nitrogen and oxygen are introduced into the premixing device according to a partial pressure method, then fuel oil with corresponding mass is injected into the premixing device, heating and stirring are carried out, and uniformly mixed premixed gas can be obtained after standing for about two and a half hours. However, the thermal oxidation coking phenomenon is likely to occur in the premixing apparatus for the following reasons.
(1) The fuel was untreated, with dissolved oxygen present at a level of about 60 ppm;
(2) a large amount of oxygen is present in the evaporation environment of the premixing device;
(3) the environmental pressure in the premixing device is about 8-10 atmospheric pressures, the distillation range of the fuel oil is increased due to higher environmental pressure, the environmental temperature in the premixing device needs to be correspondingly increased in order to ensure that the fuel oil can be smoothly evaporated, and the possibility of thermal oxidation and coking of the fuel oil is increased due to high environmental temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a fuel premixing device, wherein fuel oil is subjected to deoxidation treatment, then the deoxidized fuel oil is sprayed into a low-pressure constant-volume container (a premixing tank) only containing nitrogen (the nitrogen is not completely filled) for evaporation, after the fuel oil is completely gasified, required oxygen and required nitrogen are filled into the container according to partial pressure and the equivalence ratio of the required premixed gas, and finally the homogeneous mixed gas with the expected air-fuel ratio within an allowable error range is formed.
In order to solve the technical problem, the fuel premixing device for preventing the thermal oxidation coking problem of the fuel oil comprises a fuel oil injection system, a nitrogen injection system, a fuel oil deoxidizing device, a waste gas recovery system and a fuel oil premixing system, wherein the fuel oil injection system comprises a fuel oil tank, and an outlet of the fuel oil tank is sequentially connected with a fuel oil filter, a fuel oil pump and a liquid flow meter A; the nitrogen injection system comprises a nitrogen bottle A and a nitrogen splitter, and a gas dryer A, an air pump A and a gas flowmeter are sequentially connected between an outlet of the nitrogen bottle A and an inlet at the top of the nitrogen splitter; the waste gas recovery system comprises a waste gas recovery device, and a vacuum pump is arranged at an inlet of the waste gas recovery device; the fuel oil deoxidizing device is provided with a top waste gas outlet and a bottom oil outlet, and a fuel oil inlet is formed in the side face of the bottom of the fuel oil deoxidizing device; the nitrogen flow divider is positioned in the fuel oil deoxidation device, and an upward 55-degree included angle is formed between a nitrogen outlet of the nitrogen flow divider and the wall surface of the fuel oil deoxidation device; the fuel inlet is connected with an outlet of the liquid flowmeter A, the top waste gas outlet is connected to an inlet of a vacuum pump of the waste gas recovery system, and the bottom oil outlet is connected with an inlet of a liquid flowmeter B; the fuel oil premixing system comprises a premixing tank, an oxygen cylinder and a nitrogen cylinder B, and a gas dryer B and a gas pump B are sequentially connected between the oxygen cylinder and the premixing tank; a gas dryer C and a gas pump C are sequentially connected between the nitrogen cylinder B and the premixing tank; a magnetic stirrer is arranged in the premixing tank, a fuel injector is arranged at the top of the premixing tank, and an inlet of the fuel injector is connected with an outlet of the liquid flowmeter B; and the deoxidized fuel oil treated by the fuel oil deoxidizing device flows out of an oil outlet at the bottom of the fuel oil deoxidizing device and reaches the oil injector through the liquid flow meter B.
The fuel premixing device for preventing the thermal oxidation coking problem of the fuel oil is further characterized in that the nitrogen flow divider is a frustum shell with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, a plurality of nitrogen outlets are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the nitrogen flow divider, the opening of each nitrogen outlet is inclined upwards by 55 degrees, and a through hole is formed in the bottom of the nitrogen flow divider.
Oxygen sensors are mounted near the bottom oil outlet and the top waste gas outlet of the fuel oil deoxidizing device and used for detecting the oxygen content in waste gas generated by the fuel oil deoxidizing device and fuel oil in the fuel oil deoxidizing device.
The volume of the premixing tank is 20L, the premixing temperature is 500K, the premixing tank is vacuumized and preheated to 500K before a fuel injector injects fuel, and then 0.4875mol of pure nitrogen is injected into the premixing tank, so that the cylinder pressure in the premixing tank is kept at 101.325 +/-1 kPa.
The gas dryer A, the gas dryer B and the gas dryer C are two-stage gas dryers.
The fuel tank with connecting tube between the fuel deoxidation device, waste gas recovery device with connecting tube between the fuel deoxidation device, nitrogen cylinder A with connecting tube between the fuel deoxidation device, the sprayer with connecting tube between the fuel deoxidation device, the oxygen cylinder extremely mix connecting tube between the jar in advance, nitrogen cylinder B extremely all be equipped with the check valve on the connecting tube between the jar in advance.
The air pump A, the air pump B, the air pump C and the fuel pump are all electrically controlled.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the dissolved oxygen content of the fuel treated by the fuel premixing device is greatly reduced, and the fuel oil to be treated can be treated and finished after 8-10min at the nitrogen introducing speed of 0.1L/min per liter of fuel oil to be treated, so that the fuel premixing device has a higher deoxidation treatment speed. Meanwhile, the treated deoxygenated fuel oil is introduced into a fuel oil premixing device immediately and is evaporated under the conditions of 500K standard atmospheric pressure and pure nitrogen, compared with the original 500-550K and 8-10 atmospheric pressures, the ambient pressure is greatly reduced in the evaporation environment of air, the evaporation environment does not contain oxygen, the evaporation temperature is equivalent to the distillation range of the fuel oil, the evaporation speed of the fuel oil is greatly accelerated, the possibility of thermal oxidation coking is reduced, and the fuel oil coking is avoided while the premixed gas with the determined equivalence ratio can be obtained.
The fuel premixing device is suitable for premixed gas preparation work during fuel chemical reaction dynamics measurement, a fuel oil deoxidizing system can perform quick deoxidizing treatment on a small amount of fuel oil, the deoxidized fuel oil is immediately introduced into an oil injector, the problem of deterioration caused by reabsorption of dissolved oxygen of the deoxidized fuel oil in the conventional fuel oil transportation process is avoided, and the fuel oil is subjected to low-pressure high-temperature oxygen-free evaporation in a fuel oil premixing device, which is different from a conventional fuel oil premixing device, so that the evaporation speed of the fuel oil is increased, the risk of cracking caused by long-time heating of the fuel oil is reduced, and the possibility of thermal oxidation coking of the fuel oil is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the fuel premixing device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a nitrogen splitter used in the present invention.
In the figure:
1-fuel tank 2-fuel filter 3-fuel pump 4-liquid flowmeter A
5-waste gas recovery device 6-vacuum pump 7-fuel oil deoxidation device 8-nitrogen gas shunt
9-gas flowmeter 10-gas pump A11-gas drier A12-nitrogen gas bottle A
13-liquid flowmeter B14-oil injector 15-oxygen cylinder 16-gas drier B
17-air pump B18-air pump C19-air dryer C20-nitrogen gas cylinder B
21-premixing tank 22-magnetic stirrer
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
As shown in FIG. 1, the fuel premixing device for preventing the thermal oxidation coking problem of fuel oil provided by the invention comprises a fuel oil injection system, a nitrogen injection system, a fuel oil deoxidizing device 7, an exhaust gas recovery system and a fuel oil premixing system.
The fuel injection system comprises a fuel tank 1, and a fuel filter 2, a fuel pump 3 and a liquid flow meter A4 are sequentially connected to an outlet of the fuel tank 1.
The nitrogen gas injection system comprises a nitrogen gas bottle A12 and a nitrogen gas flow divider 8, and a gas dryer A11, an air pump A10 and a gas flow meter 9 are sequentially connected between an outlet of the nitrogen gas bottle A12 and an inlet at the top of the nitrogen gas flow divider 8.
The waste gas recovery system comprises a waste gas recovery device 5, and a vacuum pump 6 is arranged at an inlet of the waste gas recovery device.
The fuel oil deoxidizing device 7 is provided with a top waste gas outlet and a bottom oil outlet, and a fuel oil inlet is formed in the side face of the bottom of the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7; the nitrogen flow divider 8 is positioned in the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7, an upward 55-degree included angle is formed between a nitrogen outlet of the nitrogen flow divider 8 and the wall surface of the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7, the fuel oil inlet is connected with an outlet of the liquid flow meter A4, the top waste gas outlet is connected to an inlet of a vacuum pump 6 of the waste gas recovery system, and the bottom oil outlet is connected with an inlet of a liquid flow meter B13.
The fuel premixing system comprises a premixing tank 21, an oxygen cylinder 15 and a nitrogen cylinder B20, wherein a gas dryer B16 and an air pump B17 are sequentially connected between the oxygen cylinder 15 and the premixing tank 21; a gas drier C19 and a gas pump C18 are connected in sequence from the nitrogen cylinder B20 to the premixing tank 21; a magnetic stirrer 22 is arranged in the premixing tank 21, a fuel injector 14 is arranged at the top of the premixing tank 21, and an inlet of the fuel injector 14 is connected with an outlet of the liquid flowmeter B13; the deoxidized fuel oil treated by the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7 flows out of a bottom oil outlet of the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7 and reaches the fuel injector 14 through the liquid flow meter B13.
In the invention, as shown in fig. 2, the nitrogen splitter 8 is a frustum shell with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, a plurality of nitrogen outlets are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the nitrogen splitter 8, the solid and short lines in fig. 2 represent the positions of the nitrogen outlets, the opening of each nitrogen outlet is inclined upwards by 55 degrees, and the distribution of the outlets is favorable for forming nitrogen rotational flow in fuel oil, promoting the mixing of nitrogen and fuel oil and accelerating the replacement of oxygen. Meanwhile, the bottom of the nitrogen flow divider 8 is provided with a through hole for promoting the mixing of fuel oil at the bottom and nitrogen, and the fuel oil deposited at the bottom of the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7 is prevented from not participating in displacement deoxidizing.
In the invention, oxygen sensors are respectively arranged near the bottom oil outlet and the top waste gas outlet of the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7 and are used for detecting the oxygen content in the waste gas generated by the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7 and the fuel oil in the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7, and when the waste gas generated by the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7 does not contain oxygen and the oxygen content in the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7 is less than or equal to 1ppm, the fuel oil deoxidizing is finished by default.
In this embodiment, assuming that the volume of the premix tank 21 in the fuel premixing system is 20L and the premixing temperature is 500K, before the fuel injector 14 injects fuel, the premix tank 21 is evacuated by a vacuum pump and preheated to 500K, and then 0.4875mol of pure nitrogen is injected into the premix tank 21, so that the tank internal pressure in the premix tank 21 at this time is maintained at 101.325 ± 1 kPa. Through the operation, a high-temperature low-pressure oxygen-free evaporation environment is established for the evaporation of the subsequent deoxygenated fuel, the distillation range of the deoxygenated fuel is reduced due to the low pressure in the tank, the evaporation speed of the fuel is improved, the risk of cracking caused by long-time heating of the fuel is reduced, and the possibility of thermal oxidation coking of the deoxygenated fuel in the evaporation process is reduced due to the oxygen-free evaporation environment.
In the invention, the gas dryer A11, the gas dryer B16 and the gas dryer C19 are two-stage gas dryers. Fuel tank 1 with connecting tube between the fuel deoxidation device 7, waste gas recovery device 5 with connecting tube between the fuel deoxidation device 7, nitrogen cylinder A12 with connecting tube between the fuel deoxidation device 7, sprayer 14 with connecting tube between the fuel deoxidation device 7, oxygen cylinder 15 extremely connecting tube between the jar 21 is mixed in advance, nitrogen cylinder B20 extremely all be equipped with the check valve on the connecting tube between the jar 21 in advance. The air pump A10, the air pump B17, the air pump C18 and the fuel pump 3 are all precisely controlled by an electric control device.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
1) at normal temperature, a vacuum pump 6 is started to vacuumize a fuel oil deoxidizing device 7, then the filtered heavy nonvolatile fuel oil containing dissolved oxygen is introduced into the fuel oil deoxidizing device through a fuel oil injection system, then the nitrogen injection system is opened, nitrogen is continuously introduced into the fuel oil through the nitrogen flow divider 8, because the opening of the nitrogen flow divider 8 and the wall surface of the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7 form an included angle of 55 degrees, the nitrogen is promoted to generate rotational flow in the fuel oil, the mixing of the nitrogen and the fuel oil is facilitated, in the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7, due to the change of the gas composition in the environment, the composition of the gas in the fuel is changed in order to keep balance, the relation of the gas-liquid two-phase oxygen content is known according to Henry's law, the dissolved oxygen in the fuel is replaced by nitrogen, and the replaced gas containing the dissolved oxygen is discharged through a top waste gas outlet of the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7 and collected into the waste gas recovery device 5.
2) When an oxygen sensor arranged near an exhaust gas outlet at the top of the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7 detects that gas flowing out of the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7 does not contain oxygen and an oxygen sensor arranged near a fuel oil outlet at the bottom of the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7 detects that the content of dissolved oxygen in fuel oil is lower than 1ppm, the top exhaust gas outlet of the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7 and a nitrogen injection system are closed, and meanwhile, a bottom oil outlet of the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7 is opened. The other end of the outlet is connected to the injector 14, and the injector 14 injects the deoxygenated fuel of a precise mass into the premix pot 21 filled with nitrogen.
3) Before the fuel is injected into the premixing tank 21, vacuumizing the premixing tank 21, then injecting 0.4875mol of pure nitrogen gas inwards, and preheating the premixing tank 21 to 500K to ensure that the pressure in the premixing tank 21 can be maintained at 101.325 +/-1 kPa; then the deoxidized fuel is injected into the premixing pot 21 and is evaporated under the stirring of the magnetic stirrer 22 to form fuel vapor, and after the fuel is completely evaporated, the required oxygen and the residual nitrogen are added into the premixing pot 21 according to the partial pressure and the required equivalence ratio of premixed gas, so as to form homogeneous premixed gas with the expected equivalence ratio. In order to completely mix oxygen, nitrogen and fuel, the required amount of nitrogen is divided into two parts, and a two-step strategy is adopted, wherein the fuel is mixed with one part of nitrogen, and then the mixed mixture is mixed with the oxygen and the other part of nitrogen in the required amount.
The embodiment is as follows:
the working process of the invention is described by taking two fuels, RP-3 and JP-5, as examples.
1) The fuel oil deoxidizing device 7 is vacuumized by a vacuum pump 6; then 100ml of fuel to be treated flows from the fuel tank 1 through a fuel filter 2 and a liquid flow meter A4 under the action of a fuel pump 3 to be filtered and finally injected into a fuel deoxygenating device 7;
2) the nitrogen gas in the nitrogen gas cylinder 12 was flowed into the nitrogen gas splitter 8 through a gas dryer A11 under the pressure of an air pump A10 at a flow rate of 0.01L/min;
3) as shown in FIG. 2, the nitrogen splitter 8 has a gas outlet hole inclined upward at an angle of 55 degrees on the side and a gas outlet hole vertical downward on the bottom. The inclined opening at the side part of the nitrogen flow divider 8 enables the dry nitrogen flowing out at a high speed to collide with the wall surface of the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7 to generate a vortex to promote the mixing of the dry nitrogen and the fuel oil, and the opening at the bottom part of the nitrogen flow divider 8 is used for ensuring that the fuel oil deposited at the bottom part of the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7 also participates in deoxidizing. The nitrogen gas with the dissolved oxygen and a small amount of fuel vapor then enters the cavity of the fuel deoxygenator device 7;
4) with the continuous charging of the dry nitrogen, the pressure in the cavity of the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7 is gradually increased, and the waste gas containing dissolved oxygen and a small amount of fuel oil steam generated by the previous replacement finally enters the waste gas recovery device 5 through a gas outlet at the top of the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7;
5) when an oxygen sensor arranged at an exhaust gas outlet at the top of the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7 detects that the outflow exhaust gas does not contain oxygen and an oxygen sensor arranged at an oil outlet at the bottom of the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7 detects that the content of dissolved oxygen in the fuel oil is lower than 1ppm, the fuel oil is considered to be deoxidized, an air pump A10 is closed, and the action of nitrogen filling and deoxidizing is stopped, wherein the time lasts for about 8-10 minutes;
6) opening an oil outlet hole at the bottom of the fuel oil deoxidizing device 7, enabling the deoxidized fuel oil to flow through a liquid flow meter B13 and reach the fuel injector 14, and then injecting the deoxidized fuel oil with accurate mass into the premixing tank 21 by the fuel injector 14;
7) before the fuel injector 14 injects fuel into the premixing tank 21, vacuumizing the premixing tank 21;
8) subsequently, the air pump C18 was opened, 0.4875mol of nitrogen gas was pumped into the premix tank 21 at room temperature, and then the premix tank 21 was preheated to 500K, ensuring that the pressure in the premix tank 21 was 101.325 ± 1kPa at this time.
9) After the step 7) and the step 8) are finished, the deoxidized fuel in the step 6) is injected into the premixing tank 21, and the fuel is completely evaporated to form fuel vapor under the action of the magnetic stirrer 22 for two hours.
10) Finally, the air pump B17 and the air pump C18 are opened, the required preheated oxygen and the required preheated nitrogen are introduced into the premixing tank 21 according to the partial pressure and the equivalence ratio of the required premixed gas, and are mixed with the completely evaporated fuel steam, and finally, the homogeneous premixed gas with the determined equivalence ratio is formed.
Physical and chemical properties of RP-3 and JP-5 treated in this example are shown in the following tables.
In conclusion, the fuel premixing device replaces the dissolved oxygen in the fuel oil by a nitrogen filling method, and when the fuel is in a pure nitrogen environment, the dissolved oxygen in the fuel can diffuse into the nitrogen environment under the influence of nitrogen replacement and concentration difference according to the Henry law, so that the content of the dissolved oxygen in the fuel oil is reduced to about 1 ppm; the fuel premixing device can ensure that fuel oil is evaporated in a low-pressure pure nitrogen environment, and then oxygen and the rest of nitrogen are introduced. The evaporation environment of low-pressure pure nitrogen gas can avoid the thermal oxidation coking generated by the reaction of fuel oil and oxygen in the environment. Meanwhile, the distillation range of the fuel oil is reduced in a low-pressure environment, so that the evaporation temperature in the premixing device can be correspondingly reduced, the possibility of thermal oxidation coking of the fuel oil is reduced, the internal acting force of liquid molecules of the fuel oil is reduced due to low environmental pressure, the fuel oil is more favorably evaporated at the same evaporation temperature, the preparation time of mixed gas is shortened, and the possibility of fuel cracking deterioration caused by long-time heating is reduced.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are illustrative only and not restrictive, and various modifications which do not depart from the spirit of the present invention and which are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. A fuel premixing device for preventing the thermal oxidation coking problem of fuel oil comprises a fuel oil injection system, a nitrogen injection system, a fuel oil deoxidizing device (7), an exhaust gas recovery system and a fuel oil premixing system, and is characterized in that,
the fuel injection system comprises a fuel tank (1), and an outlet of the fuel tank (1) is sequentially connected with a fuel filter (2), a fuel pump (3) and a liquid flow meter A (4);
the nitrogen injection system comprises a nitrogen bottle A (12) and a nitrogen flow divider (8), the nitrogen flow divider (8) is a frustum shell with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, a plurality of nitrogen outlets are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the nitrogen flow divider (8), the opening of each nitrogen outlet is inclined upwards by 55 degrees, and a through hole is formed in the bottom of the nitrogen flow divider (8); a gas dryer A (11), an air pump A (10) and a gas flowmeter (9) are sequentially connected between the outlet of the nitrogen gas bottle A (12) and the inlet at the top of the nitrogen gas splitter (8);
the waste gas recovery system comprises a waste gas recovery device (5), and a vacuum pump (6) is arranged at an inlet of the waste gas recovery device;
the fuel oil deoxidizing device (7) is provided with a top waste gas outlet and a bottom oil outlet, a fuel oil inlet is formed in the side face of the bottom of the fuel oil deoxidizing device (7), and oxygen sensors are mounted near the bottom oil outlet and the top waste gas outlet of the fuel oil deoxidizing device (7) and used for detecting the oxygen content in waste gas generated by the fuel oil deoxidizing device (7) and in fuel oil in the fuel oil deoxidizing device (7); the nitrogen flow divider (8) is positioned in the fuel oil deoxidizing device (7), and an upward 55-degree included angle is formed between a nitrogen outlet hole of the nitrogen flow divider (8) and the wall surface of the fuel oil deoxidizing device (7); the fuel oil inlet is connected with an outlet of the liquid flowmeter A (4), the top waste gas outlet is connected to an inlet of a vacuum pump (6) of the waste gas recovery system, and the bottom oil outlet is connected with an inlet of a liquid flowmeter B (13);
the fuel premixing system comprises a premixing tank (21), an oxygen cylinder (15) and a nitrogen cylinder B (20), wherein a gas dryer B (16) and an air pump B (17) are sequentially connected between the oxygen cylinder (15) and the premixing tank (21); a gas drier C (19) and a gas pump C (18) are connected in sequence from the nitrogen cylinder B (20) to the premixing tank (21); a magnetic stirrer (22) is arranged in the premixing tank (21), a fuel injector (14) is arranged at the top of the premixing tank (21), and an inlet of the fuel injector (14) is connected with an outlet of the liquid flowmeter B (13); and the deoxidized fuel oil treated by the fuel oil deoxidizing device (7) flows out from a bottom oil outlet of the fuel oil deoxidizing device (7) and reaches the fuel injector (14) through the liquid flow meter B (13).
2. A fuel premixing device for preventing the problem of thermal oxidation coking of fuel oil according to claim 1, characterized in that the volume of the premixing pot (21) is 20L, the premixing temperature is 500K, the premixing pot (21) is vacuumized and preheated to 500K before the fuel injector (14) injects fuel oil, then 0.4875mol of pure nitrogen is injected into the premixing pot (21), so that the cylinder pressure in the premixing pot (21) is kept at 101.325 ± 1kPa at the moment.
3. The fuel premixing device for preventing the problem of thermal oxidation coking of fuel oil according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas dryer A (11), the gas dryer B (16) and the gas dryer C (19) are two-stage gas dryers.
4. The fuel premixing device for preventing the problem of thermal oxidation coking of fuel oil according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel tank (1) and the connecting pipeline between the fuel oil deoxidizing devices (7), the connecting pipeline between the exhaust gas recovery device (5) and the fuel oil deoxidizing devices (7), the connecting pipeline between the nitrogen gas bottle A (12) and the fuel oil deoxidizing devices (7), the connecting pipeline between the fuel injector (14) and the fuel oil deoxidizing devices (7), the connecting pipeline between the oxygen gas bottle (15) and the premixing tank (21), and the connecting pipeline between the nitrogen gas bottle B (20) and the premixing tank (21) are all provided with one-way valves.
5. The fuel premixing device for preventing the thermal oxidation coking problem of fuel oil according to claim 1, characterized in that the air pump A (10), the air pump B (17), the air pump C (18) and the fuel pump (3) are all electrically controlled.
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| CN110065640A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2019-07-30 | 哈米尔顿森德斯特兰德公司 | The fuel tank of aircraft is catalyzed inerting equipment |
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