CN111670963A - Processing technology suitable for needle-shaped tea preparation - Google Patents
Processing technology suitable for needle-shaped tea preparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN111670963A CN111670963A CN202010582690.1A CN202010582690A CN111670963A CN 111670963 A CN111670963 A CN 111670963A CN 202010582690 A CN202010582690 A CN 202010582690A CN 111670963 A CN111670963 A CN 111670963A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/06—Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/06—Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
- A23F3/12—Rolling or shredding tea leaves
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of tea production and processing, in particular to a processing technology suitable for needle-shaped tea preparation, which sequentially comprises the following steps: firstly, spreading and airing: spreading the picked tea leaves indoors for cooling, and reducing the water content of the tea leaves to 60-70%; II, fixation: putting the spread and dried tea leaves into a de-enzyming device for de-enzyming, and reducing the water content of the tea leaves to 50-60%; thirdly, rolling: putting the tea leaves obtained by the water removing in the second step into a rolling device for rolling, and fourth, arranging the tea leaves: c, arranging the tea leaves twisted in the third step into strips, so that the tea leaves are formed into strips, and the moisture content is reduced to 15-20%; fifthly, drying; and after the twisting process of the third step is completed, the strip tidying process of the fourth step is performed in the twisting device of the third step. According to the processing technology, the third step and the fourth step are carried out in the rolling device, so that the cost of the preparation equipment is greatly saved, the labor and time consumption during turnover among the steps are also avoided, and the preparation efficiency is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tea production and processing, in particular to a processing technology suitable for needle-shaped tea preparation.
Background
As a natural green beverage, the tea is a long-standing cultural tradition in China, and the Chinese green tea not only has the most famous products, but also has excellent quality, unique and elegant shape, and good artistic appreciation value, and is more and more popular with people.
In terms of tea production and processing processes, the tea production and processing processes mainly comprise the steps of picking, spreading and airing, deactivating enzymes, rolling, drying and the like, wherein after the tea is picked, the tea is spread and aired firstly, so that fresh leaves are radiated, grass air is volatilized, leaves are dehydrated and softened, and the water content of the tea is controlled to be about 70-75%; then carrying out a water-removing process, wherein the water-removing of the tea leaves is to inhibit the enzymatic oxidation of tea polyphenol and the like in the fresh tea leaves by destroying and passivating the oxidase activity in the fresh tea leaves at high temperature and evaporate partial water in the fresh tea leaves so as to soften the tea leaves, facilitate rolling and shaping, simultaneously disperse green odor and promote the formation of good aroma; after the tea leaves are completely de-enzymed, the rolling step is carried out, the tea leaves are rolled by the rolling device, so that tea leaf cells are crushed, tea juice is squeezed out, the tea juice is attached to the surface of the tea strips, the concentration of tea soup is increased, meanwhile, the viscosity is increased, the appearance of the tea leaves is favorably formed, and the tea leaves are in strip shapes after the rolling is finished; and then, tea leaf strip tidying is carried out, tea leaves are extruded by the extruding part while being in the strip tidying groove of the strip tidying machine, meanwhile, the strip tidying groove moves in a reciprocating mode relative to the extruding part, the heating device heats the strip tidying groove, so that the tea leaves are dried and shaped in the reciprocating mode, at the moment, the moisture content of the tea leaves is about 15-20%, and then the tea leaves are placed into the drying device to be dried, and the finished tea leaves are obtained.
In the further production process, the inventor finds that the current tea processing mode still has defects, such as the following:
in the current tea processing process, in order to ensure the production efficiency, mechanical processing is generally adopted in each step, wherein a kneading device mainly comprises a kneading disc, a kneading cylinder, a pressurizing cover and other components, tea is placed in the kneading cylinder, the kneading disc, the kneading cylinder and the pressurizing cover are matched together to knead the tea, and a plurality of arc-shaped ribs are arranged on the kneading disc to enable the tea to be formed into a roll in the kneading process. Although the rolling speed is high, in the rolling process, a large amount of tea leaves exist in the rolling channel between the adjacent arc-shaped ribs, and in the rolling process, the tea leaves are wound with each other, namely, the tea leaves of one tea leaf or all the tea leaves are wound in a roll formed by other tea leaves, so that after the rolling process is finished, the problem of mutual winding of the tea leaves often occurs, even a part of the tea leaves are agglomerated in serious cases, if the tea leaves enter the strip tidying device in the state, on one hand, the tea leaf phase is seriously influenced, on the other hand, the tea leaves are heated and dried in the strip tidying process, the mutually wound tea leaves are extremely easy to break, so that the leaf crushing rate is high, and a large amount of tea leaves are wasted while the tea leaf phase is further influenced.
In order to solve the problems, in the current production process, when the tea leaves are put into the tea strip tidying device, manual shaking and spreading are needed, or a vibration paving structure is arranged above the tea strip tidying device, and the tea leaves wound together are separated as much as possible through vibration of the manual or vibration paving structure, so that the tea leaves are not wound mutually as much as possible, the finished tea leaf phase is ensured, and the broken leaf rate is reduced. However, the labor intensity of workers is high by adopting a manual shaking and paving mode, the reliable scattering of the winding among the tea leaves is difficult to guarantee, the structural complexity of the strip tidying machine is increased by adopting a mode of arranging a vibrating and paving structure above the strip tidying machine, the equipment cost is increased, and the subsequent cleaning work of the strip tidying machine is greatly influenced.
Therefore, there is a need to design a tea leaf preparation device that can reduce the labor intensity of workers and ensure good processing quality of tea leaves.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the defects that in the prior tea leaf preparation process, tea leaves are wound in the tea leaf rolling procedure, the labor intensity of workers is high and the broken leaf rate is high, the tea leaf preparation device capable of reducing the labor intensity of the workers and ensuring the good processing quality of the tea leaves is provided.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a processing technology suitable for needle-shaped tea preparation sequentially comprises the following steps:
firstly, spreading and airing: spreading the picked tea leaves indoors for cooling, and reducing the water content of the tea leaves to 60-70%;
II, fixation: putting the spread and dried tea leaves into a de-enzyming device for de-enzyming, and reducing the water content of the tea leaves to 50-60%;
thirdly, rolling: putting the tea leaves obtained by the water removing in the step two into a rolling device for rolling;
fourthly, arranging the strips: c, arranging the tea leaves twisted in the third step into strips, so that the tea leaves are formed into strips, and the moisture content is reduced to 15-20%;
fifthly, drying: drying the tea leaves obtained in the fourth step, and reducing the water content of the tea leaves to 5-6%;
and after the twisting process of the third step is completed, the strip tidying process of the fourth step is performed in the twisting device of the third step.
According to the processing technology, the third step and the fourth step are carried out in the rolling device, so that the cost of the preparation equipment is greatly saved, the labor and time consumption during turnover among the steps are also avoided, and the preparation efficiency is greatly improved.
Preferably, the rolling device in the third step includes a hollow cylinder body horizontally arranged, sealing plates are arranged at two ends of the cylinder body, a rotating shaft is arranged in the cylinder body, one end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the sealing plates to be connected with a driving device outside the cylinder body, a rolling component is arranged on the rotating shaft, the rolling component includes a connecting component and a rolling part for rolling tea leaves, the connecting component is connected between the rolling part and the rotating shaft, and the gap width between the rolling part and the cylinder body is adjustable;
in the third step, the gap between the rolling part and the barrel body is adjusted to be suitable for rolling, after the rolling process is finished, the rotation of the rotating shaft is stopped through the driving device, then the distance between the rolling part and the barrel body is adjusted to be suitable for the width of the tea strips, and then the driving device is started to carry out the tea strip tidying process.
Preferably, the barrel is further provided with a heating device for heating tea leaves in the barrel, and after the strip tidying process of the fourth step is completed, the drying process of the fifth step is performed in the rolling device of the fourth step;
in the fourth step and the fifth step, the heating device is started to heat the tea leaves in the barrel body, so that the moisture content of the tea leaves is reduced.
Preferably, in the circumferential direction around the barrel, one side of the rolling part is a feeding side, the other side of the rolling part is a discharging side, the distance between the feeding side and the inner wall of the barrel is greater than the distance between the discharging side and the inner wall of the barrel, and a rolling cavity for rolling tea leaves is formed between the feeding side and the inner wall of the barrel.
Preferably, the barrel comprises a scraping section, a rolling section and a feeding section, the scraping section is located at the bottom of the barrel, the feeding section is located at the upper half part of the barrel, a feeding hole for feeding tea leaves is formed in the feeding section, the lower end of the rolling section is connected with the scraping section, the upper end of the rolling section is connected with the feeding section, the rolling section is located behind the scraping section in the rotating direction of the rotating shaft, the rolling section firstly passes through the scraping section located at the bottom and then passes through the rolling section during rotation of the rolling part, the rolling cavity is formed between the rolling part and the rolling section, and the rolling part and the scraping section are in sliding fit or clearance fit.
Preferably, the scraping section is made of heat conducting materials, and the heating device is arranged on the outer wall of the scraping section.
Preferably, the length of the twisting part along the length direction of the cylinder body is matched with the length of the cylinder body, and two ends of the twisting part along the length direction are respectively in clearance fit with the corresponding seal plates.
Preferably, the connecting member is adjustable in length.
Preferably, the connecting component comprises a connecting rod and a pressing rod, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the twisting part, one end of the pressing rod connected with the pressing rod is hinged with the twisting part, the other end of the pressing rod is in sliding fit with the connecting rod, a locking device is arranged at the end part of the pressing rod matched with the connecting rod, the locking device is used for locking the sliding connection between the connecting rod and the pressing rod,
in the third step, before the driving device is started, the kneading cavity is adjusted to be in a shape with a wider feeding side and a narrower discharging side by adjusting the length of the connecting rod and the position of the pressure rod;
in the fourth step, after the twisting procedure in the third step is completed, the driving device stops, the twisting part moves a certain distance towards the barrel by adjusting the length of the connecting rod and the position of the pressure rod, the width of the twisting cavity is reduced, the distance between the twisting part and the barrel meets the strip arranging requirement, and then the driving device is started to start the strip arranging procedure;
in the fifth step, after the strip tidying process in the fourth step is completed, the driving device stops, the rolling part moves towards the barrel body by adjusting the length of the connecting rod and the position of the pressure rod, the rolling part is arranged on the barrel body to be matched in a reducing mode, a gap between the rolling part and the barrel body ensures that tea leaves cannot penetrate through the gap, and then the driving device is started to start the drying process.
Preferably, the pressing rod is an elastic member having elasticity. The elastic element can adopt an elastic structure such as a reed.
Preferably, the connecting parts are provided in number, and adjacent connecting parts are arranged at intervals.
Preferably, the distance between adjacent connecting members is greater than or equal to 10 mm.
As a further preference, the distance between adjacent said connecting members is greater than 30 mm.
Preferably, the rolling assemblies are distributed in a plurality of numbers and are circumferentially and uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction around the rotating shaft.
Preferably, the width of the twisting part ensures that at least a part of the tea leaves twisted by the upper twisting unit falls into the twisting cavity of the lower twisting unit when the rotary shaft rotates.
Preferably, the scraping section feeding section is hinged, and the other side of the scraping section feeding section is detachably connected with the rolling section.
Preferably, the drive device is further connected to a forward/reverse rotation control device for controlling a rotation direction of the rotary shaft.
Preferably, a gap between the discharge side of the twisting part and the scraping section is less than 2 mm.
Preferably, the included angle between the connecting line from the lower end of the twisting section to the center of the rotating shaft and the straight line which vertically passes through the center of the rotating shaft downwards is A, and A is more than 10 degrees and less than 180 degrees.
As a preferred embodiment, A is 30 DEG or more and 90 DEG or less.
As another preferred embodiment, 90. ltoreq.A < 180 ℃.
Preferably, the cross section of the twisting section is in a shape of a variable diameter arc in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft, and the curvature radius of the twisting section gradually decreases in a direction from the lower end to the upper end of the cross section, so that a gap between the twisting section and the twisting section gradually decreases when the twisting section passes through the twisting section.
Preferably, the distance between the discharge side of the twisting part and the inner wall of the lower end of the twisting section is 10-20mm, and the distance between the discharge side of the twisting part and the inner wall of the upper end of the twisting section is 5-10 mm.
Preferably, a plurality of arc-shaped grooves along the length direction are further arranged on the inner wall of the twisting section, and smooth transition connection is formed between every two adjacent arc-shaped grooves.
Preferably, the depth of the arc-shaped groove is 1-2mm, and the width of the arc-shaped groove is 2-4 mm.
Preferably, the barrel is rotatably mounted, a locking device for locking the barrel to rotate is further arranged on the barrel, the locking device is detachably connected with the barrel, in the fourth step, after the twisting process in the third step is completed, the driving device is stopped, the locking device is then detached, the barrel is rotated, the twisting section of the barrel is located at the bottom of the barrel, then the barrel is locked by a left key of the locking device, then the driving device is started to start the strip tidying process, after the strip tidying process in the fourth step is completed, the driving device is stopped, the locking device is removed, the barrel is rotated, the scraping section is rotated to the bottom, the barrel is locked by the locking device, and then the tea leaves in the fifth step are dried.
Preferably, one side of the rolling part facing the inner wall of the barrel body is arc-shaped, and the rolling cavity is gradually reduced in the direction from the feeding side to the discharging side.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the processing technology, the third step and the fourth step are carried out in the rolling device, so that the cost of preparation equipment is greatly saved, labor and time consumption during turnover among the steps are avoided, and the preparation efficiency is greatly improved;
in the scheme of the application, when tea is prepared, tea leaves after de-enzyming are placed in the barrel body, the driving device is started, the rotating shaft rotates, the rolling part rolls the tea leaves in the rotating process of the rolling part along with the rotating shaft, the rolling device is adopted, the barrel body is horizontally arranged, rolling is realized in the rotating process of the rolling part, the tea leaves are continuously pushed up in the vertical direction and then fall down when being rolled, in the process, on one hand, the tea leaves are intermittently pressed, the number of pressed mutual winding is small, the winding degree is light, the winding is loose, further, the tea leaves wound together are not continuously scattered in the pushing up and falling processes, therefore, after the rolling step is completed, the mutual winding degree between the tea leaves is low or the mutual winding phenomenon does not exist, and therefore, the workload of manual spreading is greatly reduced, the problems that the vibrating spreading structure is arranged on the strip arranging device, so that the device cost is increased and the cleaning difficulty of the strip arranging device is increased are solved, and the tea leaf appearance in the tea leaf processing is greatly improved, the leaf crushing rate in the subsequent process is greatly reduced, and the tea leaf waste is reduced;
in the scheme of the application, the width of the gap between the rolling part and the barrel body is adjusted to different proper widths according to different processing procedures of tea leaves, or different proper widths according to different tea leaf varieties or variety requirements, so that the adaptability of the rolling device is greatly improved;
in the scheme of the application, the drying step of the tea is also carried out in the rolling device, so that the tea production equipment is further greatly simplified, the equipment cost is greatly saved, and a large amount of labor is also saved;
in the scheme of the application, the barrel is divided in the circumferential direction, the scraping section is located at the bottom, and the rolling section is located behind the scraping section, so that the bottom of the barrel is prevented from being pressed and rolled, the problem that the tea at the bottom of the barrel is seriously wound or even cakes due to repeated pressing and rolling is avoided, in the mode, the pressing and rolling actions of the tea occur in the rolling section, the tea naturally falls after being pressed and rolled, and in the process, the tea is wound and scattered, so that the effect that the tea is wound and scattered is further ensured; particularly, in the mode of the application, the tea leaves are broken up after being rolled by the rolling part for one time, so that the mutual winding among the tea leaves cannot be too tight and is far loosened from the winding tightness formed by the traditional rolling mode, on one hand, the breakage of the wound tea leaves during the breaking is reduced, the leaf crushing rate is further reduced, the tea leaf quality is improved, on the other hand, the tea leaves are broken up continuously in the rolling process, single strips are easier to form, and the subsequent strip tidying process can be greatly simplified;
in the proposal of the application, the width of the rolling part is matched with the separation distance of the rolling component, in the tea rolling process, for a single rolling cavity, the interior of the single rolling cavity is filled with tea at the bottom of the barrel when the single rolling cavity passes through the scraping section, then the tea is rolled through the rolling section, the tea in the rolling cavity is gradually extruded out of the lower end of the rolling part, and the tea falling from the upper rolling part is continuously filled into the upper part of the rolling cavity, so on one hand, the rolling efficiency of the tea is improved, and on the other hand, the problem of poor rolling effect caused by less tea in the rolling cavity is avoided, furthermore, as the rolling cavity is gradually reduced when the rolling cavity passes through the rolling section, namely, when the rolling part moves to the rear section of the rolling section, the rolled tea is substantially the tea partially rolled and extruded at the front part of the rolling section, therefore, the tea part is further and more strongly rolled and extruded in fact, further improve when rolling efficiency, also make and roll up and obtain tealeaves and can more press close to with finished product tealeaves shape, and then further simplify subsequent reason strip process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the processing steps of needle tea preparation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a rolling device according to one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the kneading device when the kneading segment is provided with the arc-shaped groove;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the engagement between the twisting part and the connecting rod;
the following are marked in the figure: 1-barrel, 2-closing plate, 3-rotating shaft, 4-driving device, 5-rolling part, 6-connecting rod, 7-pressure rod, 8-rolling cavity, 9-feeding side, 10-discharging side, 11-scraping section, 12-rolling section, 13-feeding section, 14-feeding hole, 15-arc groove and 16-heating device.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to test examples and specific embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above-described subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following examples, and that techniques realized based on the contents of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1, as shown in figures 1-4:
a processing technology suitable for needle-shaped tea preparation sequentially comprises the following steps:
firstly, spreading and airing: spreading the picked tea leaves indoors for cooling, and reducing the water content of the tea leaves to 60-70%;
II, fixation: putting the spread and dried tea leaves into a de-enzyming device for de-enzyming, and reducing the water content of the tea leaves to 50-60%;
thirdly, rolling: putting the tea leaves obtained by the water-removing in the step two into a rolling device for rolling,
fourthly, arranging the strips: c, arranging the tea leaves twisted in the third step into strips, so that the tea leaves are formed into strips, and the moisture content is reduced to 15-20%;
fifthly, drying: drying the tea leaves obtained in the fourth step, and reducing the water content of the tea leaves to 5-6%;
and after the twisting process of the third step is completed, the strip tidying process of the fourth step is performed in the twisting device of the third step.
According to the processing technology, the third step and the fourth step are carried out in the rolling device, so that the cost of the preparation equipment is greatly saved, the labor and time consumption during turnover among the steps are also avoided, and the preparation efficiency is greatly improved.
As a preferable embodiment, based on the above mode, the rolling device in the third step includes a hollow cylinder 1 horizontally disposed, sealing plates 2 are disposed at two ends of the cylinder 1, a rotating shaft 3 is disposed in the cylinder 1, one end of the rotating shaft 3 passes through the sealing plates 2 and is connected to a driving device 4 outside the cylinder 1, a rolling assembly is disposed on the rotating shaft 3, the rolling assembly includes a connecting part and a rolling part 5 for rolling tea leaves, the connecting part is connected between the rolling part 5 and the rotating shaft 3, and a gap between the rolling part 5 and the cylinder 1 is adjustable;
in the third step, the gap between the rolling part 5 and the barrel 1 is adjusted to a width suitable for rolling, after the rolling process is completed, the rotation of the rotating shaft 3 is stopped by the driving device 4, then the distance between the rolling part 5 and the barrel 1 is adjusted to a width suitable for strip tidying, and then the driving device 4 is started to carry out the strip tidying process of the tea leaves.
In the scheme of the application, when tea is prepared, tea leaves after de-enzyming are placed in the barrel body 1, the driving device 4 is started, the rotating shaft 3 rotates, the rolling part 5 rolls the tea leaves in the rotating process of the rolling part 5 along with the rotating shaft 3, the rolling device is adopted, the barrel body 1 is horizontally arranged, the rolling is realized in the rotating process of the rolling part 5, the tea leaves are continuously pushed up in the vertical direction and then fall down when being rolled, in the process, on one hand, the tea leaves are intermittently pressed, the quantity of pressed mutual winding is small, the winding degree is light, the winding is loose, further, the tea leaves wound together are also not continuously scattered in the pushing up and falling processes, therefore, after the rolling step is completed, the mutual winding degree between the tea leaves is low or no mutual winding phenomenon exists, and therefore, the paving workload of manual scattering is greatly reduced, the problem that the vibrating spreading structure is arranged on the tea strip arranging device to increase the device cost and increase the cleaning difficulty of the tea strip arranging device is also solved, and the tea leaf appearance in tea leaf processing is greatly improved due to mutual dispersion among tea leaves, the broken leaf rate in the follow-up procedure is also greatly reduced, and the tea leaf waste is reduced.
Through adjusting the clearance width between rolling portion 5 and the barrel 1, can adjust to different suitable width according to the different manufacturing procedure of tealeaves, also can require to adjust to different suitable width according to different tealeaves varieties or variety, improve the adaptability of rolling the device by a wide margin.
In a preferred embodiment, in addition to the above-mentioned embodiment, the drum 1 is further provided with a heating device 16 for heating the tea leaves in the drum 1, and after the carding step of the fourth step is completed, the drying step of the fifth step is performed in the rolling device of the fourth step;
in the fourth step and the fifth step, the heating device 16 is started to heat the tea leaves in the barrel 1, so that the moisture content of the tea leaves is reduced. Adopt this kind of mode, also carry out the drying step of tealeaves in rolling the device, so further simplified tealeaves production facility by a wide margin, practiced thrift equipment cost by a wide margin, also practiced thrift a large amount of manual works.
As a preferable embodiment, in addition to the above, in the circumferential direction around the cylinder 1, one side of the rolling part 5 is a feeding side 9, and the other side is a discharging side 10, the distance between the feeding side 9 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1 is greater than the distance between the discharging side 10 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1, and a rolling cavity 8 for rolling tea leaves is formed between the feeding side 9 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1.
In the process that the rolling part 5 rotates along with the rotating shaft 3, tea leaves enter a rolling cavity 8 between the rolling part 5 and the inner wall of the barrel body 1 from a feeding side 9, in the process that the rolling part 5 further rotates, the tea leaves are gradually extruded out from a gap between a discharging side 10 and the barrel body 1 under the self-weight and the friction action of the inner wall of the barrel body 1 to finish primary rolling, and then enter the next rolling action.
As a preferred embodiment, further to the above, the barrel 1 comprises a scraping section 11, a kneading section 12 and a feeding section 13, the scraping section 11 is positioned at the bottom of the cylinder body 1, the feeding section 13 is positioned at the upper half part of the cylinder body 1, the feeding section 13 is provided with a feeding hole 14 for feeding tea leaves, the lower end of the rolling section 12 is connected with the scraping section 11, the upper end of the rolling section 12 is connected with the feeding section 13, in the rotating direction of the rotating shaft 3, the rolling section 12 is located behind the scraping section 11, so that the rolling part 5 passes through the scraping section 11 at the bottom and then the rolling section 12, the twisting cavity 8 is formed between the twisting part 5 and the twisting section 12, and the twisting part 5 and the scraping section 11 are in sliding fit or clearance fit. In this way, firstly, the bottom position of the barrel body 1 is avoided from generating by the extrusion kneading action of the tea leaves, and the problem that the tea leaves at the bottom of the barrel body 1 are seriously wound or even cake-shaped due to repeated extrusion kneading is avoided, in this way, the extrusion and kneading actions of the tea leaves occur in the kneading section 12, the tea leaves naturally fall after being extruded and kneaded, and in this way, the tea leaves are mutually wound and scattered, and thus, the effect of scattering the mutual winding among the tea leaves is further ensured; particularly, in the mode of this application, knead portion 5 at tealeaves once and knead the action back along with having promptly and break up the action, make the intertwine that appears between tealeaves like this can not form too closely, loose the compactness of the coiling that the mode formed is kneaded in the tradition far away, the fracture of being convoluteed tealeaves when reducing to break up on the one hand, further reduce the broken leaf rate, improve tealeaves quality, on the other hand, because tealeaves is constantly being broken up at the kneading in-process, form single strip more easily, can simplify subsequent reason strip process by a wide margin.
In a preferred embodiment, in addition to the above manner, the scraping section 11 is made of a heat conducting material, and the heating device 16 is disposed on an outer wall of the scraping section 11.
In a preferred embodiment, in addition to the above-described embodiment, the length of the rolling portion 5 along the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical body 1 is matched with the length of the cylindrical body 1, and both ends of the rolling portion 5 along the longitudinal direction are respectively fitted to the corresponding sealing plates 2 with a clearance. This ensures that the tea leaves in the entire barrel 1 can act uniformly on the rolling part 5.
Preferably, the connecting member is adjustable in length. Thus, the adjustment of the distance between the twisting part 5 and the twisting section 12 is further facilitated.
As a preferable embodiment, in addition to the above-mentioned mode, the connecting member includes a connecting rod 6 and a pressing rod 7, one end of the connecting rod 6 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 3, the other end is hinged with the twisting part 5, one end of the pressing rod 7 is connected with the twisting part 5, the other end is in sliding fit with the connecting rod 6, a locking device is arranged on the end of the pressing rod 7 matched with the connecting rod 6, the locking device is used for locking the sliding connection between the connecting rod 6 and the pressing rod 7,
in the third step, before the driving device 4 is started, the kneading cavity 8 is adjusted to be in a shape that the feeding side 9 is wider and the discharging side 10 is narrower by adjusting the length of the connecting rod 6 and the position of the pressure rod 7;
in the fourth step, after the twisting process in the third step is completed, the driving device 4 is stopped, the twisting part 5 moves a certain distance towards the barrel body 1 by adjusting the length of the connecting rod 6 and the position of the pressure rod 7, the width of the twisting cavity 8 is reduced, the distance between the twisting part 5 and the barrel body 1 meets the strip arranging requirement, and then the driving device 4 is started to start the strip arranging process;
in the fifth step, after the strip tidying process in the fourth step is completed, the driving device 4 is stopped, the rolling part 5 moves towards the barrel body 1 by adjusting the length of the connecting rod 6 and the position of the pressure rod 7, the rolling part 1 is arranged on the barrel body 1 to be in reduced fit, the gap between the rolling part 5 and the barrel body 1 is ensured to prevent tea leaves from passing through the gap, and then the driving device 4 is started to start the drying process.
In a preferred embodiment, in addition to the above, the pressing rod 7 is an elastic member having elasticity. The elastic element can adopt an elastic structure such as a reed. The pressing rod 7 is set to be an elastic part, the elastic part with a proper elastic coefficient can be selected, the situation that tea leaves are damaged due to overlarge extrusion force applied by the rolling part 5 is avoided, and the pressing rod 7 with different elastic coefficients can be selected according to different tea leaves of different varieties or different qualities, so that the rolling and extruding pressure degrees which are matched with each other are provided.
In a preferred embodiment, in addition to the above, the number of the connecting members is plural, and the adjacent connecting members are spaced apart from each other. Adopt this kind of mode, at first ensure stability and the reliability of connecting, moreover, it is only strange after the subassembly rotation process is kneaded, adapting unit bumps the tealeaves of barrel 1, further improvement to the effect of breaing up of convoluteing tealeaves each other.
As a preferred embodiment, in addition to the above, the distance between the adjacent connecting members is greater than or equal to 10 mm. The more connecting portion set up, the better to the effect of raveling up coiling between tealeaves, but the distance undersize between the connecting portion, for example when the concatenation formed platelike, the tealeaves that falls down can again slide along the plate that connecting portion formed, and the effect of breaing up reduces by a wide margin, so, in this embodiment, adopt this size, ensure good effect of breaing up.
As a further preference, the distance between adjacent said connecting members is greater than 30 mm. For certain tea leaves with larger single size, the larger distance can be adopted between the connecting parts to ensure good scattering effect.
As a preferred embodiment, in addition to the above, the rolling members are provided in plural numbers, and are circumferentially and uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction around the rotation shaft 3. The rolling components are a plurality of, firstly, the rolling efficiency can be greatly improved, and the scattering effect of the tea leaves is greatly improved, particularly, a plurality of rolling components are adopted, when the tea leaves are extruded and fall down by the rolling part 5, the tea leaves collide with the connecting part below, the mutually wound tea leaves are scattered or loosened by collision, and therefore the winding degree of the tea leaves is further reduced.
In a preferred embodiment, in addition to the above-mentioned manner, the width of the rolling part 5 is such that at least a part of the tea leaves rolled by the upper rolling unit falls into the rolling chamber 8 of the lower rolling unit when the rotary shaft 3 rotates. In the scheme of the application, the width of the rolling part 5 is matched with the separation distance of the rolling component, in the tea rolling process, for a single rolling cavity 8, when the tea passes through the scraping section 11, the inner part of the rolling cavity is filled with the tea at the bottom of the barrel 1, then the tea is rolled through the rolling section 12, the tea in the rolling cavity 8 is gradually extruded out of the lower end of the rolling part 5, and the tea falling from the upper rolling part 5 is continuously added into the upper part of the rolling cavity 8, so that on one hand, the rolling efficiency of the tea is improved, on the other hand, the problem of poor rolling effect caused by less tea in the rolling cavity 8 is also avoided, further, because the rolling cavity 8 is gradually reduced when the rolling cavity 8 passes through the rolling section 12, namely, when the rolling part 5 moves to the rear section of the rolling section 12, the rolled tea is substantially the tea extruded from the front part of the rolling section 12, so, to this part tealeaves carry out further stronger extrusion of kneading and entwisting in fact, when further improving and knead efficiency, also make to knead and obtain tealeaves and can more press close to with finished product tealeaves shape, and then further simplify subsequent reason strip process.
In a preferred embodiment, in addition to the above, the feeding section 13 of the scraping section 11 is hinged and the other side is detachably connected to the twisting section 12. Through such a mode, after the tealeaves is kneaded and is accomplished in barrel 1, open scraping section 11, can lift off the tealeaves in barrel 1, operation process is simple and convenient.
In a preferred embodiment, in addition to the above-described embodiment, a forward/reverse rotation control device for controlling the rotation direction of the rotary shaft 3 is further connected to the drive device 4. Through the forward and reverse rotation control device, when the rolling process is finished, the tea leaves in the rolling cavity 8 can be poured out through the reverse rotation of the rotating shaft 3, so that the tea leaves in the rolling cavity 8 are prevented from being left; when the tea strips are arranged, the rotary shaft 3 is reversely rotated to continuously turn the tea leaves in the barrel body 1, so that the aim of integrally drying the tea leaves is fulfilled.
In a preferred embodiment, in addition to the above, a gap between the discharge side 10 of the kneading portion 5 and the scraping section 11 is less than 2 mm. Knead the delivery side 10 of portion 5 and scrape the clearance between the section 11 and be less than 2mm, this width can be ensured to knead portion 5 and smoothly rotate, by can avoiding tealeaves to pass through from this clearance, so, make to knead portion 5 when scraping section 11, can will scrape the tealeaves of section 11 bottoms, when avoiding 1 bottom tealeaves cake of barrel, also realize stirring of a section of thick bamboo interior tealeaves, further realize good effect of breaing up.
In a preferred embodiment, in addition to the above-mentioned manner, a line connecting the lower end of the twisting segment 12 to the center of the rotation shaft 3 forms an angle a with a straight line vertically downward passing through the center of the rotation shaft 3, wherein the angle a is 10 ° < a < 180 °. Set up contained angle A to this scope, just through rolling section 12 after making tealeaves pushed up a take the altitude by rolling portion 5, ensure that the tealeaves after being rolled can free fall, and then realize the quilt of convoluteing tealeaves each other and break up.
As a preferred embodiment, A is 30 DEG or more and 90 DEG or less. When contained angle A set up to this scope, make tealeaves pile up in ejection of compact side 10 top under 8 inherent dead weight states in kneading the chamber on the one hand, at 5 rotation in-process of kneading the portion of twisting, extrude by ejection of compact side 10 more easily, improve and knead efficiency, moreover, in this angle within range, extrude tealeaves and have had higher whereabouts height, do benefit to the scattering between the tealeaves of coiling each other.
As another preferred embodiment, 90. ltoreq.A < 180 ℃. When contained angle A sets up to this scope, the tealeaves after being kneaded has higher whereabouts height, and after falling down clashes mutually with pivoted adapting unit mutually, so further reduced the degree of convoluteing each other between tealeaves, moreover, because in this angle scope, it is not serious to knead tealeaves in 8 chambers under the dead weight effect, so the quantity of convoluteing each other that appears when being kneaded and the degree of convoluteing also lighter, so, has also further reduced the broken leaf rate in the tealeaves preparation process.
Further preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the rolling section 12 is a variable diameter arc shape in a cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the rotation shaft 3, and the curvature radius of the rolling section 12 is gradually reduced in a direction from the lower end to the upper end thereof, so that the gap between the rolling section 5 and the rolling section 12 is gradually reduced when the rolling section 5 passes through the rolling section 12. In the rotation process of the rolling part 5, tea leaves in the rolling part are gradually rolled and extruded, so that in the scheme of the application, the curvature radius of the rolling section 12 is gradually reduced from bottom to top, the rolling part 5 can gradually reduce the clearance between the rolling section 12 and the tea leaves when passing through the rolling section 12, and thus, the tea leaves in the rolling cavity 8 can be smoothly rolled and extruded, and the enough rolling force is ensured.
Further preferably, the distance between the discharging side 10 of the rolling part 5 and the inner wall of the lower end of the rolling section 12 is 10-20mm, and the distance between the discharging side 10 of the rolling part 5 and the inner wall of the upper end of the rolling section 12 is 5-10 mm.
As a preferred embodiment, based on the above manner, a plurality of arc grooves 15 are further disposed on the inner wall of the twisting section 12 along the length direction, and between each arc groove 15, adjacent arc grooves 15 are connected in a smooth transition manner. Through setting up long banding recess 15, more do benefit to tealeaves and knead into the strip, simplify follow-up reason strip process.
As a preferred embodiment, further based on the above manner, the depth of the arc-shaped groove 15 is 1-2mm, and the width of the arc-shaped groove 15 is 2-4 mm. By adopting the depth, the tea can be formed into strips, and the problem that single tea cannot move along with the rolling part 5 because the single tea is too much sunk into the groove 15 is avoided.
As a preferable embodiment, in addition to the above-mentioned embodiment, the barrel 1 is rotatably mounted, the barrel 1 is further provided with a locking device for locking the rotation of the barrel 1, the locking device is detachably connected to the barrel 1, in the fourth step, after the kneading step of the third step is completed, the driving device 4 is stopped, then the locking device is detached, the barrel 1 is rotated so that the kneading section 12 of the barrel 1 is positioned at the bottom of the barrel 1, then the barrel 1 is locked by the locking device, then the driving device 4 is started to start the strip tidying step, after the strip tidying step of the fourth step is completed, the driving device 4 is stopped, the locking device is detached, the barrel 1 is rotated, the scraping section 11 is rotated to the bottom, then the barrel 1 is locked by the locking device, and then the tea leaves in the fifth step are dried. In this mode, when dismantling locking device, can rotate barrel 1, so make things convenient for the cleanness of barrel 1, it is unusual, when needs carry out the reason strip process, can rotate barrel 1, make the section 12 of kneading and twisting that has arc recess 15 be located the bottom of barrel 1, make one of them knead the reciprocal rotation of the small-angle that twists portion 5 relapse, improve reason strip efficiency and reason strip effect by a wide margin.
In a preferred embodiment, in addition to the above-mentioned mode, the side of the rolling part 5 facing the inner wall of the cylinder 1 is arc-shaped, and the rolling cavity 8 is gradually reduced in the direction from the feeding side 9 to the discharging side 10. With the structure of the kneading cavity 8 with the shape, the tea leaves in the kneading cavity 8 can be smoothly and gradually squeezed out of the kneading cavity 8 along with the movement of the kneading part 5 in the kneading segment 12.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the invention and not for limiting the technical solutions described in the invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail in the present specification with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and therefore, any modification or equivalent replacement of the present invention is made; all such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A processing technology suitable for needle-shaped tea preparation sequentially comprises the following steps:
firstly, spreading and airing: spreading the picked tea leaves indoors for cooling, and reducing the water content of the tea leaves to 60-70%;
II, fixation: putting the spread and dried tea leaves into a de-enzyming device for de-enzyming, and reducing the water content of the tea leaves to 50-60%;
thirdly, rolling: putting the tea leaves obtained by the water-removing in the step two into a rolling device for rolling,
fourthly, arranging the strips: c, arranging the tea leaves twisted in the third step into strips, so that the tea leaves are formed into strips, and the moisture content is reduced to 15-20%;
fifthly, drying: drying the tea leaves obtained in the fourth step, and reducing the water content of the tea leaves to 5-6%;
the method is characterized in that: and after the twisting process of the third step is completed, the strip tidying process of the fourth step is performed in the twisting device of the third step.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein: the twisting device in the third step comprises a hollow barrel body which is horizontally arranged, sealing plates are arranged at two ends of the barrel body, a rotating shaft is arranged in the barrel body, one end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the sealing plates to be connected with a driving device outside the barrel body, a twisting assembly is arranged on the rotating shaft, the twisting assembly comprises a connecting part and a twisting part for twisting tea leaves, the connecting part is connected between the twisting part and the rotating shaft, and the width of a gap between the twisting part and the barrel body is adjustable;
in the third step, the gap between the rolling part and the barrel body is adjusted to be suitable for rolling, after the rolling process is finished, the rotation of the rotating shaft is stopped through the driving device, then the distance between the rolling part and the barrel body is adjusted to be suitable for the width of the tea strips, and then the driving device is started to carry out the tea strip tidying process.
3. The process of claim 2, wherein: the barrel body is also provided with a heating device for heating tea leaves in the barrel body, and after the strip tidying procedure in the fourth step is finished, the drying procedure in the fifth step is carried out in the rolling device in the fourth step;
in the fourth step and the fifth step, the heating device is started to heat the tea leaves in the barrel body, so that the moisture content of the tea leaves is reduced.
4. The process of claim 3, wherein: winding on the circumferencial direction of barrel, one side of rolling the portion is the feeding side, and the opposite side is the ejection of compact side, the feeding side with the distance between the barrel inner wall is greater than the ejection of compact side with the distance between the barrel inner wall the feeding side with form the chamber of rolling that is used for rolling tealeaves between the barrel inner wall.
5. The process of claim 4, wherein: the barrel comprises a scraping section, a rolling section and a feeding section, the scraping section is located at the bottom of the barrel, the feeding section is located at the upper half part of the barrel, a feeding hole for feeding tea is formed in the feeding section, the lower end of the rolling section is connected with the scraping section, the upper end of the rolling section is connected with the feeding section, the rolling section is located behind the scraping section in the rotating direction of the rotating shaft, the rolling section firstly passes through the scraping section located at the bottom and then passes through the rolling section in the rotating process of the rolling part, a rolling cavity is formed between the rolling part and the rolling section, and the rolling part and the scraping section are in sliding fit or clearance fit.
6. The process of claim 5, wherein: the length of the connecting part is adjustable, the connecting part comprises a connecting rod and a pressure rod, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the twisting part, one end of the pressure rod is connected with the twisting part, the other end of the pressure rod is in sliding fit with the connecting rod, a locking device is arranged at the end part of the pressure rod matched with the connecting rod, the locking device is used for locking the sliding connection between the connecting rod and the pressure rod,
in the third step, before the driving device is started, the kneading cavity is adjusted to be in a shape with a wider feeding side and a narrower discharging side by adjusting the length of the connecting rod and the position of the pressure rod;
in the fourth step, after the twisting procedure in the third step is completed, the driving device stops, the twisting part moves a certain distance towards the barrel by adjusting the length of the connecting rod and the position of the pressure rod, the width of the twisting cavity is reduced, the distance between the twisting part and the barrel meets the strip arranging requirement, and then the driving device is started to start the strip arranging procedure;
in the fifth step, after the strip tidying process in the fourth step is completed, the driving device stops, the rolling part moves towards the barrel body by adjusting the length of the connecting rod and the position of the pressure rod, the rolling part is arranged on the barrel body to be matched in a reducing mode, a gap between the rolling part and the barrel body ensures that tea leaves cannot penetrate through the gap, and then the driving device is started to start the drying process.
7. The process of claim 6, wherein: the connecting parts are arranged at intervals, the distance between every two adjacent connecting parts is larger than or equal to 10mm, and the rolling assemblies are uniformly distributed on the circumference in the circumferential direction around the rotating shaft.
8. The process of claim 7, wherein: the included angle between the connecting line from the lower end of the twisting section to the center of the rotating shaft and the straight line which vertically passes through the center of the rotating shaft downwards is A, and A is more than or equal to 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees.
9. The process of claim 8, wherein: on the perpendicular and in the cross-section of revolving shaft axis, the cross-sectional shape of rolling the section is the reducing arc form, along its lower extreme to the direction of upper end, the radius of curvature of rolling the section reduces gradually, makes it is in to roll the portion of twisting when rolling the section, roll the portion of twisting with roll the clearance between the section and reduce gradually roll the inner wall of rolling the section still be provided with a plurality of arc recesses along length direction, between each arc recess, be smooth transition connection between the adjacent arc recess.
10. The process of claim 9, wherein: the barrel is rotatably mounted, a locking device used for locking the rotation of the barrel is further arranged on the barrel and detachably connected with the barrel, in the fourth step, after the twisting process in the third step is completed, the driving device is stopped, then the locking device is dismounted, the barrel is rotated, the twisting section of the barrel is located at the bottom of the barrel, then the barrel is locked by the locking device through a left key, then the driving device is started to start the strip tidying process, after the strip tidying process in the fourth step is completed, the driving device is stopped, the locking device is dismounted, the barrel is rotated, the scraping section is rotated to the bottom, the barrel is locked by the locking device, and then the tea leaves in the fifth step are dried.
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