CN111665105B - Test device and method for realizing accurate control of filling degree of rock-like rough joint test piece - Google Patents
Test device and method for realizing accurate control of filling degree of rock-like rough joint test piece Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111665105B CN111665105B CN201910162269.2A CN201910162269A CN111665105B CN 111665105 B CN111665105 B CN 111665105B CN 201910162269 A CN201910162269 A CN 201910162269A CN 111665105 B CN111665105 B CN 111665105B
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- test piece
- joint test
- bottom plate
- rock
- fixed
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005464 sample preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Abstract
The invention relates to a test device for accurately controlling the filling degree of a rock-like rough joint test piece. The base consists of a bottom plate, six upright posts and two cross beams. The fixing device comprises a fixed baffle system, a movable baffle system, a fastening screw and a locking device, wherein the fixed baffle system consists of two side baffles, an end baffle and a fixed bottom plate, the movable baffle system consists of two side baffles and a movable bottom plate, the fastening screw is respectively fixed in the middle of a side plate of the fixed baffle system and at a position 1/3 of the distance between the side plate of the movable baffle system and the right end through a butterfly nut, and the locking device can freely slide along a cross beam. The gear propulsion system comprises a hand handle, a gear shaft and a linear rack guide rail, and the measuring system comprises a magnetometer seat and a dial indicator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rock mechanics tests, in particular to a test device and a method for realizing accurate control of the filling degree of a rock-like rough joint test piece.
Background
Due to the physical effects of weathering, erosion, etc., and shear misalignment between the joint walls, a certain thickness of filler will be created in the rock joint, forming a filled rock joint, which is widely found in natural rock masses. In rock mass engineering such as side slope, dam, underground cavern, etc., filling joints are weak planes in the rock mass, obviously influence the intensity of the rock mass, and play a role in controlling the stability of the rock mass engineering to a great extent. Therefore, the development of experimental study on the shear mechanical properties of the joints of the filled rock is an urgent requirement for rock mass engineering construction.
The experimental study is carried out to prepare the filled rock joint test pieces in large quantities. Because the natural filling rock joint test piece has the defects of difficult field sampling, high cost and discrete test piece, the method is difficult to obtain a large number of natural filling rock joint test pieces, and meanwhile, the accurate measurement of the thickness of filling medium between the upper surface and the lower surface of the natural filling rock joint test pieces is difficult.
The artificial simulated rock joint test piece with the same rock strength and surface morphology characteristics as the actual rock joint is prepared by rock-like similar materials, and is a sample preparation method commonly adopted by the current rock force society for obtaining a large number of rock joint test pieces required by indoor tests. However, how to accurately control the thickness of the filling medium filled between the upper surface and the lower surface of the artificial simulated rock joint test piece to obtain the artificial simulated filled rock joint test piece with different filling degrees, especially for the natural rock joint with a rough surface, no better sample preparation device and method exist at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to realize accurate control of the filling degree of the artificial simulated rough rock joint test piece, obtain the artificial simulated filling rock joint test piece with different filling degrees, provide the test sample for developing the experimental study of the shearing mechanical properties of the filling rock joint, the invention provides a test device and a test method for realizing accurate control of the filling degree of the rock-like rough joint test piece.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a test device for accurately controlling the filling degree of a rock-like rough joint test piece, which comprises a base, a joint test piece fixing device, a gear propulsion system and a measuring system; the base comprises a bottom plate, upright posts and a cross beam with a groove track, and is characterized in that the cross beam is fixed on the bottom plate through the upright posts; the joint test piece fixing device comprises a fixed baffle system, a movable baffle system, a fastening screw and a locking device, and is characterized in that the fastening screw is respectively arranged on side plates of the fixed baffle system and the movable baffle system, and the locking device can freely slide along a cross beam; the gear propulsion system comprises a hand crank, a gear shaft and a linear rack guide rail, and is characterized in that the linear rack guide rail is fixedly connected with a bottom plate of the movable baffle system of the joint test piece fixing device through bolts; the measuring system comprises a magnetic meter seat and a dial indicator and is characterized in that the separating distance of the upper part and the lower part of the joint test piece is accurately measured.
Further, the base comprises a bottom plate, six stand columns and two cross beams, and the bottom plate is connected with the stand columns and the cross beams are connected with the stand columns through socket head cap screws to form a stable whole.
Further, the fixed baffle system comprises two side baffles, an end baffle and a fixed bottom plate, wherein the end baffle is connected with the side baffles and the fixed bottom plate through cross countersunk screws, and the fixed bottom plate is connected with the base beam and the upright post through socket head cap screws.
Further, the movable baffle system comprises two side baffles and a movable bottom plate, the two side baffles are connected with the movable bottom plate through cross countersunk head screws, and the bottom surface of the movable bottom plate is fixedly provided with a linear gear guide rail through socket head cap screws.
Further, the fastening screw is respectively fixed at the middle part of the side plate of the fixed baffle system and the position 1/3 of the distance between the side plate of the movable baffle system and the right end through butterfly nuts.
Further, the locking device rotates the butterfly nut to loosen or the locking device by manpower, the locking piece of the locking device is inclined upwards, the gradient is 0.1, the butterfly nut is rotated inwards, the inclined convex part of the locking piece advances to squeeze the cross beam, and the locking device.
Further, a gear shaft of the gear propulsion system is arranged on the middle upright post and is precisely meshed with a linear gear guide rail fixed on the bottom surface of the movable bottom plate, and relative movement of the upper part and the lower part of the joint test piece can be realized through forward and reverse rotation of the handle.
A test method for realizing accurate control of the filling degree of a rock-like rough joint test piece comprises the following steps: preparing, installing an joint test piece, installing a measuring system and determining the thickness of a filling medium.
a. Preparing, namely moving the movable baffle system by reversely rotating the handle to splice the movable baffle system and the fixed baffle system, and locking the movable baffle system by the locking device;
b. installing an joint test piece, firstly, putting the upper half part of the joint test piece flat, lightly pushing the joint test piece along a bottom plate of a fixed baffle system until the end face of the upper half part of the joint test piece abuts against an end baffle, putting the lower half part of the joint test piece flat, lightly pushing the joint test piece along the bottom plate of a movable baffle system until the upper and lower parts of the joint test piece are tightly matched, then screwing a fastening screw to ensure that the upper and lower parts of the joint test piece are tightly combined with a side plate of a fixing device, and unlocking a handle of a locking device to slightly rotate in the reverse direction so that the upper and lower parts of the joint test piece are completely matched, and then locking the locking device again;
c. installing a measuring system, fixing a magnetic meter seat on the upper surface of a base bottom plate, and adjusting the position of the magnetic meter seat to enable a dial indicator measuring head to be positioned at the center of the end surface of the lower half part of the joint test piece;
d. determining the thickness of the filling medium, loosening the locking device, rotating the handle in the forward direction, enabling the lower half part of the joint test piece to displace along with the movable baffle system and away from the upper half part of the joint test piece under the action of the gear, observing the displacement value through the digital display dial indicator, and locking the locking device when the displacement value reaches the preset displacement value, wherein the displacement reading at the moment is the thickness of the filling medium.
Beneficial effects and advantages
(1) The invention can realize the accurate adjustment of the opening degree of the rock joint test piece under the condition of keeping the upper surface and the lower surface free from dislocation.
(2) According to the invention, the artificial simulated rock joint test piece is changed from vertical placement to horizontal placement, so that good convenience is provided for filling medium.
(3) The invention is applicable to artificial simulation rock joint test pieces with different sizes.
The device has the advantages of simple structure, simple and convenient operation and high precision, and has wide application prospect in the experimental study of the mechanical properties of the joint of the filled rock.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a base structure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a fixed baffle system.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a movable baffle system.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the locking device.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the locking device.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a gear propulsion system.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a measurement system.
Wherein 1 is the bottom plate, 2 is the stand, 3 is the crossbeam, 4 is the fixed baseplate, 5 is the hexagon socket head cap screw, 6 is the side shield, 7 is the tip baffle, 8 is butterfly nut, 9 is fastening screw, 10 is joint test piece upper half, 11 is joint test piece lower half, 12 is the side shield of movable baffle system, 13 is the movable bottom plate, 14 is the linear gear guide, 15 is locking device, 16 is the locking piece, 17 is the recess track, 18 is the percentage table, 19 is the magnetic force gauge stand, 20 is the hand crank, 21 is the gear shaft, 22 is cross countersunk head screw.
Detailed Description
For a more clear explanation of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The test device for realizing accurate control of the filling degree of the rock-like rough joint test piece has a structure shown in figures 1-8, and comprises a base, a joint test piece fixing device, a gear propulsion system and a measuring system. The base comprises a bottom plate 1, six stand columns 2 and two cross beams 3, and the bottom plate 1, the stand columns 2, the cross beams 3 and the stand columns 2 are all connected through socket head cap screws 5 to form a stable whole. The fixed baffle system consists of two side baffles 6, an end baffle 7 and a fixed bottom plate 4, wherein the end baffle 7 is connected with the side baffles 6 and the fixed bottom plate 4 through cross countersunk head screws 22, and the fixed bottom plate 4 is connected with the base beam 3 and the upright post 2 through inner hexagon screws 5. The movable baffle system consists of two side baffles 12 and a movable bottom plate 13, wherein the two side baffles 12 are connected with the movable bottom plate 13 through cross countersunk screws 22, and a linear gear guide rail 14 is fixed on the bottom surface of the movable bottom plate 13. The fastening screw 9 is respectively fixed at the middle part of the side plate 6 of the fixed baffle system and the position 1/3 away from the right end of the side plate 12 of the movable baffle system through the butterfly nut 8. The locking device is characterized in that the butterfly nut 8 is rotated by manpower to loosen or lock the device, the locking piece 16 of the locking device is inclined upwards, the gradient is 0.1, the butterfly nut 8 is rotated inwards, and the inclined convex part of the locking piece 16 advances to press the cross beam 3 to lock the device. The gear shaft 21 of the gear propulsion system is arranged on the middle upright post 2 and is precisely meshed with the linear gear guide rail 14 fixed on the bottom surface of the movable bottom plate 13, and the relative movement of the upper part and the lower part of the joint test piece can be realized through the forward and reverse rotation of the hand crank 20.
Six equal-sized upright posts on the base bottom plate are symmetrically positioned at two ends and the middle point of the long side of the bottom plate respectively, and the two upright posts in the middle are also used for fixing and supporting the gear shaft.
The cross beam with the same width as the stand columns is connected to the three stand columns on the same side, and three rows of balls are arranged at the bottom of the groove track of the cross beam, so that the contact area between the movable bottom plate and the groove track can be reduced, and the friction force between the movable baffle system and the cross beam can be reduced.
The movable bottom plate and the fixed bottom plate have equal thickness, so that the movable baffle system can be ensured not to move up and down in the moving process of the two joint test pieces.
In the movable baffle system, the length of the rest part of the side plate tightly combined with the lower half part of the joint test piece is far greater than the thickness of the filling medium.
The test device is used for carrying out the test of accurately controlling the filling degree of the rock-like rough joint test piece, and comprises the following steps: preparing, installing an joint test piece, installing a measuring system and determining the thickness of a filling medium.
a. The movable baffle system is moved by reversely rotating the handle to splice the movable baffle system and the fixed baffle system, and the movable baffle system is locked by the locking device. The length of the joint test piece is 200mm, the width of the joint test piece is 100mm, the ruler is used for measuring the size of the test piece, the part of the test piece exceeding the size is polished, the fixing device and the surface of the joint test piece are wiped, and cement ash and slag are removed.
b. Installing the joint test piece, firstly placing the smoother and flatter surface of the upper half part of the joint test piece on the bottom plate of the fixed baffle system, lightly pushing the joint test piece along the bottom plate until the end surface of the upper half part of the joint test piece is propped against the end baffle, closely pasting the joint test piece, then placing the smoother and flatter surface of the lower half part of the joint test piece on the bottom plate of the movable baffle system, lightly pushing the joint test piece along the bottom plate until the upper and lower parts of the joint test piece are closely matched, then screwing the fastening screw rod to ensure that the upper and lower parts of the joint test piece are closely combined with the side plate of the fixing device, and unlocking the locking device to reversely lightly rotate the handle to ensure that the upper and lower parts of the joint test piece are completely matched, and then locking the locking device.
c. And installing a measuring system, fixing the magnetic meter seat on the upper surface of the base bottom plate, and adjusting the position of the magnetic meter seat to enable the dial indicator measuring head to be positioned at the center of the end surface of the lower half part of the joint test piece.
d. Determining the thickness of the filling medium, loosening the locking device, rotating the handle in the forward direction, enabling the lower half part of the joint test piece to displace along with the movable baffle system and away from the upper half part of the joint test piece under the action of the gear, observing the displacement value through the digital display dial indicator, and locking the locking device when the displacement value reaches the preset displacement value, wherein the displacement reading at the moment is the thickness of the filling medium.
Claims (10)
1. The test device for realizing accurate control of the filling degree of the rock-like rough joint test piece is characterized by comprising a base, a joint test piece fixing device, a gear propulsion system and a measuring system; the base comprises a bottom plate (1), an upright post (2) and a cross beam (3) with a groove track (17), wherein the cross beam (3) is fixed on the bottom plate (1) through the upright post (2); the joint test piece fixing device comprises a fixed baffle system, a movable baffle system, a fastening screw (9) and a locking device (15), wherein the fastening screw (9) is respectively arranged on side plates of the fixed baffle system and the movable baffle system, and the locking device (15) can freely slide along the cross beam (3); the fastening screw (9) is respectively fixed at the middle part of a side plate (6) of the fixed baffle system and the position 1/3 away from the right end of a side plate (12) of the movable baffle system through butterfly nuts (8); the locking device (15) rotates the butterfly nut (8) to loosen or lock the device by manpower, the locking piece (16) of the locking device is inclined upwards, the gradient is 0.1, the butterfly nut (8) is rotated inwards, the inclined convex part of the locking piece (16) advances to squeeze the cross beam (3), and the locking device; the gear propulsion system comprises a hand crank (20), a gear shaft (21) and a linear rack guide rail (14), wherein the linear rack guide rail (14) is fixedly connected with a bottom plate (13) of the movable baffle system of the joint test piece fixing device through an inner hexagon screw (5); the measuring system comprises a magnetic meter seat (19) and a dial indicator (18), and the separation distance of the upper part and the lower part of the joint test piece is accurately measured.
2. The test device for realizing accurate control of the filling degree of the rock-like rough joint test piece according to claim 1, wherein the base consists of a bottom plate (1), six upright posts (2) and two cross beams (3), and the bottom plate (1) and the upright posts (2) as well as the cross beams (3) and the upright posts (2) are connected through socket head cap screws (5) to form a stable whole.
3. The test device for realizing accurate control of the filling degree of the rock-like rough joint test piece according to claim 1, wherein the fixed baffle system consists of two side baffles (6), one end baffle (7) and a fixed bottom plate (4), the end baffle (7) is connected with the side baffles (6) and the fixed bottom plate (4) through cross countersunk head screws (22), and the fixed bottom plate (4) is connected with the base cross beam (3) and the upright post (2) through socket head cap screws (5).
4. The test device for realizing accurate control of the filling degree of the rock-like rough joint test piece according to claim 1, wherein the movable baffle system consists of two side baffles (12) and a movable bottom plate (13), the two side baffles are connected with the movable bottom plate (13) through cross countersunk head screws (22), and a linear rack guide rail (14) is fixed on the bottom surface of the movable bottom plate (13).
5. The test device for precisely controlling the filling degree of the rock-like rough joint test piece according to claim 1, wherein a gear shaft (21) of the gear propulsion system is arranged on the middle upright post (2) and is precisely meshed with a linear rack guide rail (14) fixed on the bottom surface of the movable bottom plate (13), and the relative movement of the upper part and the lower part of the joint test piece can be realized through the forward and the reverse rotation of a handle (20).
6. A test method for realizing accurate control of the filling degree of a rock-like rough joint test piece by using the device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps: preparing, installing an joint test piece, installing a measuring system and determining the thickness of a filling medium.
7. The test method for precisely controlling the filling degree of a rough joint test piece of rock-like according to claim 6, wherein the preparation work moves the movable barrier system by reversely rotating the handle to splice the movable barrier system with the fixed barrier system, and locks the movable barrier system by the locking device.
8. The test method for precisely controlling the filling degree of the rough joint test piece of rock-like according to claim 7, wherein the joint test piece is installed, the upper half part of the joint test piece is firstly flattened, the joint test piece is lightly pushed along the bottom plate of the fixed baffle system until the end face of the upper half part of the joint test piece abuts against the end baffle, the lower half part of the joint test piece is flattened and lightly pushed along the bottom plate of the movable baffle system until the upper part and the lower part of the joint test piece are tightly matched, then the fastening screw is screwed down to ensure that the upper part and the lower part of the joint test piece are tightly combined with the side plate of the fixing device, and the locking device is locked again after the handle is reversely lightly rotated by the locking device to enable the upper part and the lower part of the joint test piece to be completely matched.
9. The test method for precisely controlling the filling degree of the rock-like rough joint test piece according to claim 6, wherein the installation and measurement system is used for fixing the magnetic gauge stand on the upper surface of the base bottom plate, and adjusting the position of the magnetic gauge stand to enable the measuring head of the dial gauge to be located at the center position of the end face of the lower half part of the joint test piece.
10. The test method for accurately controlling the filling degree of the rock-like rough joint test piece according to claim 6, wherein the method is characterized in that the thickness of the filling medium is determined, the locking device is released, the handle is rotated in the forward direction, the lower half of the joint test piece moves away from the upper half of the joint test piece along with the movable baffle system under the action of the gear, the displacement value is observed through the digital display dial indicator, and the locking device is locked when the preset displacement value is reached, and the displacement reading at the moment is the thickness of the filling medium.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910162269.2A CN111665105B (en) | 2019-03-05 | 2019-03-05 | Test device and method for realizing accurate control of filling degree of rock-like rough joint test piece |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910162269.2A CN111665105B (en) | 2019-03-05 | 2019-03-05 | Test device and method for realizing accurate control of filling degree of rock-like rough joint test piece |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111665105A CN111665105A (en) | 2020-09-15 |
| CN111665105B true CN111665105B (en) | 2023-10-31 |
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| CN106404560A (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2017-02-15 | 绍兴文理学院 | Shear strength size effect test machine for multi-mechanism combined structural surface |
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| CN105203359A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-30 | 中国矿业大学 | Prefabrication method of standard roughness joint surface of rock-like test piece |
| WO2017084406A1 (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2017-05-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for fabricating three-dimensional joint-fissure cylindrical rock specimen |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN111665105A (en) | 2020-09-15 |
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