CN111664457A

CN111664457A - Plasma arc internal heating continuous pyrolysis device

Info

Publication number: CN111664457A
Application number: CN202010620048.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李昊民; 陈莉娟; 李明
Original assignee: Henan Qingzhan Industrial Co Ltd
Current assignee: Henan Qingzhan Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-01
Filing date: 2020-07-01
Publication date: 2020-09-15

Abstract

A plasma arc internal heating continuous pyrolysis device comprises a rotary furnace body, a furnace body transmission motor, a driving gear ring, a feeding end and a discharging end dynamic and static connection sealing bin, an automatic feeder, a plasma burner and a slag extractor, wherein the two ends of the rotary furnace body are respectively connected with the feeding end dynamic and static connection sealing bin and the discharging end dynamic and static connection sealing bin; the slag extractor is arranged at the lower part of the dynamic and static connection sealed bin at the discharge end. The device has simple structure and low manufacturing cost, and has high heat utilization rate, small heat loss, full energy utilization and low energy consumption because the plasma arc is adopted to directly heat materials; the device has the advantages of closed operation in the production process, continuous production, high production efficiency, energy conservation and environmental protection, and can greatly reduce the labor intensity.

Description

Plasma arc internal heating continuous pyrolysis device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a plasma arc internal heating continuous pyrolysis device, which is a high-efficiency continuous pyrolysis device for conducting heat conduction to materials in the device under an anaerobic combustion state.

Background

In recent years, most of the wastes of harmful waste solids and harmful waste liquids (such as waste tires, waste plastics, waste engine oil and the like) are treated by adopting a direct pyrolysis mode of a rotary furnace, namely a combustion chamber is additionally arranged below the rotary furnace, the outer wall of a furnace body is heated by heat generated during combustion regardless of heating by adopting gas, electricity and the like, the rotary furnace is driven by a driving motor to rotate and be heated at the same time through a gear ring on the furnace body, and the heat is transmitted to pyrolysis materials in the furnace body through the outer wall of the rotary furnace, so that the problems of slow heat conduction, small treatment capacity, long treatment time, low yield, low heat utilization, high energy consumption and secondary pollution exist, most of the conventional rotary furnaces adopt intermittent feeding, and the working efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that: the plasma arc internal heating continuous pyrolysis device is designed, and a plasma burner is used for continuously pyrolyzing harmful waste materials in the device under the anaerobic condition so as to solve the problems in the prior art.

The technical scheme adopted for solving the problems of the invention is as follows: the device comprises a rotary furnace body, a driving motor, a driving gear ring, a feeding end dynamic and static connection sealed cabin, a discharging end dynamic and static connection sealed cabin, an automatic feeder, a plasma burner and an automatic slag extractor, wherein the rotary furnace body is fixed on a foundation through a base; the automatic feeder is arranged on the dynamic and static connection sealed bin at the feed end, the feed pipe is inserted into the dynamic and static connection sealed bin at the feed end, and the end part of the feed pipe is arranged at the end part of the rotary furnace body; the plasma burner is arranged at the outer end part of the dynamic and static connection sealed cabin at the feed end, and the combustion head is arranged in the dynamic and static connection sealed cabin at the feed end and is aligned with the feed position at the end part of the rotary furnace body; the slag extractor is arranged at the lower part of the dynamic and static connection sealed bin at the discharge end.

An annular material blocking ring is arranged between the dynamic and static connection sealed bin at the feeding end and the rotary furnace body, and the end part of the feeding pipe is arranged in the annular material blocking ring.

The fine setting device comprises spring coupling seat, fine setting damping spring, rag bolt and lock nut, and the spring coupling seat is fixed in sound connection seal chamber bottom surface four corners, and rag bolt corresponds fixes on the ground, and fine setting damping spring installs below the spring coupling seat through rag bolt and nut.

The electric control part can be set by the same technician, and is not detailed here.

The invention has the positive effects that: the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the plasma arc is adopted to directly heat the materials, so that the heat utilization rate is high, the heat loss is low, the heat energy is fully utilized, and the energy consumption is low; the device has the advantages of closed operation in the production process, continuous production, high production efficiency, energy conservation, environmental protection and no secondary pollution to the environment, and can greatly reduce the labor intensity.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of a dynamic and static connection sealed cabin and the installation of a plasma burner.

Wherein: 1. discharge end sound connection sealed storehouse, 2, the gas outlet, 3, the sealing filler, 4, sealed pressure disk, 5, rotatory furnace body, 6, riding wheel track, 7, the heat preservation, 8, drive ring gear, 9, the pay-off spiral, 10, automatic feed machine, 11, feed end sound connection sealed storehouse, 12, fixing bolt, 13, plasma burner, 14, spring coupling seat, 15, fine setting damping spring, 16, the ground, 17, rag bolt, 18, the inlet pipe, 19, the riding wheel, 20, driving motor, 21, automatic slag extractor, 22, slag conveyor, 23, the material blocking ring, 24, the feed inlet, 25, the inlet pipe tip, 26, lock nut, 27, backing plate.

Detailed Description

The invention is shown in figure 1, it includes rotating furnace body 5, driving motor 20, driving gear ring 8, feed end dynamic and static connection sealed storehouse 11, discharge end dynamic and static connection sealed storehouse 1, automatic feeder 10, plasma burner 13, automatic slag extractor 21, automatic feeder 10 and automatic slag extractor 21 are the material sealed type, all adopt the prior art; the outer surface of the rotary furnace body 5 is provided with a heat insulation layer 7 which is fixed on a foundation 16 through a base, a driving motor 20 is fixed on the foundation 16 through the base and arranged below the middle part of the whole rotary furnace body 5, and a driving gear ring 8 is arranged in the middle part of the outer surface of the rotary furnace body 5 and driven by the driving motor 20; riding wheels 19 are respectively arranged below the two ends of the rotary furnace body 5, the riding wheels 19 are also fixed on a foundation, and riding wheel tracks 6 are arranged at corresponding positions outside the rotary furnace body 5 and are matched with the riding wheels 19 to support the furnace body and ensure the stable operation of the furnace body; a feeding end dynamic and static connection sealing bin 11 and a discharging end dynamic and static connection sealing bin 1 are respectively connected to two ends of a rotary furnace body 5, the feeding end dynamic and static connection sealing bins 11 and 1 and the discharging end dynamic and static connection sealing bins are of a square structure, the connection part with the rotary furnace body 5 is circular, the dynamic and static connection sealing bins are respectively sleeved at two ends of the rotary furnace body 5, sealing filler 3 is arranged between the dynamic and static connection sealing bins and the rotary furnace body 5, the outside is pressed by a sealing pressure plate 4 and then fastened by bolts, and the rotary furnace body 5 and the dynamic and static connection sealing bins are rotationally connected by virtue of friction of the sealing filler (as shown in figure 2); four fine-tuning devices are respectively arranged below a feeding end dynamic and static connection sealed cabin 11 and a discharging end dynamic and static connection sealed cabin 1, each fine-tuning device consists of a spring connecting seat 14, a fine-tuning damping spring 15, foundation bolts 17 and locking nuts 26, the four rectangular frame-shaped spring connecting seats 14 are respectively and fixedly arranged at four corners of the bottom of the dynamic and static connection sealed cabin, the foundation bolts 17 are embedded in the foundation 16 corresponding to the lower ends of the spring connecting seats 14, the locking nuts 26 are firstly screwed on the foundation bolts 17, then a backing plate 27, the fine-tuning damping springs 15 and the backing plate 27 are sequentially arranged, the upper ends of the foundation bolts 17 penetrate into bolt holes in the bottom of the spring connecting seats 14 and are locked by the locking nuts 26, the fine-tuning devices can be adjusted by adjusting the upper locking bolts 26 and the lower locking bolts 26, and the fine-tuning damping springs 15 can realize self-adjustment of a gap, the gas is better sealed and does not leak. An annular material retaining ring 23 made of steel plates is arranged between the dynamic and static connecting sealed cabin 11 at the feeding end and the rotary furnace body 5, and the height of the material retaining ring 23 is designed to be 100mm so as to prevent the material from returning to the dynamic and static connecting sealed cabin 11 at the feeding end; the automatic feeder 10 is arranged on the dynamic and static connecting sealed cabin 11 at the feeding end, the automatic feeder 10 adopts a material sealing type, the feeding pipe 18 is inserted into the dynamic and static connecting sealed cabin 11 at the feeding end, and the end part 25 of the feeding pipe is arranged in the material blocking ring 23; the plasma burner 12 is installed at the outer end part of the feed end dynamic and static connection sealed cabin 11 through a connecting flange, a sealing gasket and a fixing bolt 12, the combustion head is arranged in the feed end dynamic and static connection sealed cabin 11 and is aligned to the position of a feed inlet 24 in the middle of the material blocking ring 23 (as shown in figure 2); the automatic slag discharging machine 21 is arranged at the lower part of the dynamic and static connecting sealed bin 1 at the discharging end, the slag discharging machine 21 adopts a material sealing type, and discharged material slag is sent out by a material slag conveyer; the gas outlet 2 is arranged on the dynamic and static connection sealed bin 1 at the discharge end.

The working process of the invention is as follows: the plasma burner is arranged at one end of the furnace body, the combustion head is arranged inside the furnace body, and the feeding and discharging are material sealing, so that the plasma burner can directly and continuously heat and pyrolyze the pyrolysis material through the combustion of plasma arc inside the furnace body in an anaerobic state. Firstly, the driving motor 20 is started, then the plasma burner 13 is started, and after the temperature in the rotary furnace body 5 reaches the set production temperature, the automatic feeder 10 at the front end and the automatic slag extractor 21 at the rear end are started. The front end material gets into the inside back of furnace body, under the effect of inside pay-off spiral 9, constantly to the end motion of slagging tap, the material is pushed forward backward while being heated pyrolysis in the furnace body, makes organic component form pyrolysis gas, and pyrolysis gas gets into the condensation part from gas outlet 2 discharges, forms combustible liquid and combustible gas and carries out gas-liquid separation in next link, then recycle or storage (belong to other technique, no longer describe here). The waste residue after pyrolysis is discharged through an automatic slag discharging machine 21 and is sent out by a residue conveyor for standby. The whole pyrolysis process is completed from the front to the back, and the totally-enclosed continuous production can be formed under the condition of no equipment failure and power failure.

The plasma burner may also be set differently for different pyrolysis feedstocks, and the initial burner temperature and pyrolysis zone temperature settings may also be different for different pyrolysis feedstocks (which may be adjusted by one of ordinary skill in the art depending on process conditions). For example, the temperature of an initial burner for pyrolyzing the waste tire raw materials is about 450 ℃, the temperature is reduced by the entering of pyrolysis materials and the absorption of the materials to heat, the actual temperature of a pyrolysis area is controlled to be about 300 ℃, the existing temperature state is kept, and continuous and uninterrupted production can be realized (the temperature regulation of a plasma burner can be completed by technicians in the same department). If the set temperature is maintained, the end product should be 45% of liquid oil, 10% of combustible gas, 35% of carbon slag and 10% of steel wire, if the set initial temperature is higher than 550 ℃ and the temperature of the pyrolysis zone is higher than 450 ℃, the end product will change, the liquid oil will be 30%, the combustible gas will be 20%, the carbon slag will be 40% and the steel wire will not change.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a plasma arc internal heating serialization pyrolysis device, includes rotatory furnace body, driving motor, drive ring gear, automatic feed machine, automatic slag extractor, and rotatory furnace body passes through the base to be fixed on the ground, its characterized in that: the device also comprises a feed end dynamic and static connection sealed cabin, a discharge end dynamic and static connection sealed cabin and a plasma burner, wherein the feed end dynamic and static connection sealed cabin and the discharge end dynamic and static connection sealed cabin are respectively and rotatably connected with the two ends of the rotary furnace body and are in friction rotation connection with the rotary furnace body by virtue of sealing fillers; the automatic feeder is arranged on the dynamic and static connection sealed bin at the feed end, the feed pipe is inserted into the dynamic and static connection sealed bin at the feed end, and the end part of the feed pipe is arranged at the end part of the rotary furnace body; the plasma burner is arranged at the outer end part of the dynamic and static connection sealed cabin at the feed end, and the combustion head is arranged in the dynamic and static connection sealed cabin at the feed end and is aligned with the feed position at the end part of the rotary furnace body; the slag extractor is arranged at the lower part of the dynamic and static connection sealed bin at the discharge end.

2. The plasma arc internal heating continuous pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: an annular material blocking ring is arranged between the dynamic and static connection sealed bin at the feeding end and the rotary furnace body, and the end part of the feeding pipe is arranged in the annular material blocking ring.

3. The plasma arc internal heating continuous pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fine setting device comprises spring coupling seat, fine setting damping spring, rag bolt and lock nut, and the spring coupling seat is fixed in sound connection seal chamber bottom surface four corners, and rag bolt corresponds fixes on the ground, and fine setting damping spring installs below the spring coupling seat through rag bolt and nut.