CN111660038B - Sintered flux for welding high-manganese low-temperature steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sintered flux for welding high-manganese low-temperature steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111660038B CN111660038B CN202010379190.8A CN202010379190A CN111660038B CN 111660038 B CN111660038 B CN 111660038B CN 202010379190 A CN202010379190 A CN 202010379190A CN 111660038 B CN111660038 B CN 111660038B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/362—Selection of compositions of fluxes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sintered flux for welding high-manganese low-temperature steel, which is prepared by mixing dry powder and a binderThe sinter comprises the following dry powder in percentage by weight: 18-25% of alumina, 10-15% of mullite, 18-26% of magnesia, 15-25% of fluorite, 5-10% of quartz, 5-10% of wollastonite, 5-10% of nepheline, 1-3% of manganese-silicon alloy, 0.5% of soda ash and 0.5% of sodium fluoride, wherein the addition amount of the binder is 21% -24% of the weight of the dry powder. The preparation method comprises the following steps: the preparation method comprises the steps of firstly batching and dry-mixing all components of dry powder to obtain a mixture, then uniformly wet-mixing the mixture and a binder to obtain a wet mixture, then granulating the wet mixture to obtain granulated powder, drying the granulated powder at 300-350 ℃, and finally sintering, forming and crushing at 600-650 ℃ to obtain the sintered flux. The sintered flux is Al2O3‑MgO‑CaF2‑SiO2A high-alumina slag system and a matching alloy system are submerged arc welding wires HS45Mn25Cr3Mo1 of a C-Mn-Cr-Mo system, nickel is not needed to ensure low-temperature toughness, components are close to those of a base metal, and component segregation and hot cracking tendency are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding materials, in particular to a sintered flux for welding high-manganese low-temperature steel and a preparation method thereof, and is suitable for welding a high-manganese steel LNG storage tank.
Background
With the rapid development of global economy, the demand of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) as a modern clean energy source is increasing day by day. The marine transportation is the main transportation mode of the international trade of LNG, and has the advantages of large transportation volume, high reliability, high profit and the like. Researches show that the low-temperature toughness, the fatigue resistance and the like of the high-manganese steel are equivalent to those of 9% Ni steel widely used in the LNG storage tank at present, but the plasticity of the high-manganese steel is far higher than that of the 9% Ni steel, and the high-manganese steel has important significance for improving the safety of LNG equipment. The price of the metal manganese is far lower than that of the metal nickel, and the material cost can be greatly reduced by adopting high manganese steel. The high manganese steel has obvious technical and economic advantages and wide application prospect. The development of high manganese steel is carried out in China, but the development of matched welding materials is relatively lagged.
Welding materials for constructing the high manganese steel LNG storage tank comprise welding electrodes, submerged arc welding, argon arc welding wires and the like, and the searchable patents related to the submerged arc welding materials mainly comprise: chinese patent publication No. CN107052618A discloses a full-automatic submerged arc welding solid wire for high manganese steel for manufacturing LNG storage tanks, which discloses a solid wire for submerged arc welding, but does not mention a matching flux; chinese patent with publication number CN109530881A discloses a submerged-arc welding flux and a welding wire for welding ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel and a preparation method thereof, wherein the flux is MgO-Al2O3-CaF2-TiO2-SiO2The slag system and the welding wire are Mn-Ni-Cr-Mo alloy system, the welding wire matched with the welding flux contains about 10 percent of nickel, and higher nickel is needed to improve the low-temperature toughness. If the flux is matched with a C-Mn-Cr-Mo high-manganese welding wire without nickel, the welding manufacturability is poor, and the low-temperature toughness is poor。
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a sintered flux for welding high-manganese low-temperature steel and a preparation method thereof, wherein the sintered flux is Al2O3-MgO-CaF2-SiO2A high-alumina slag system and a matching alloy system are submerged arc welding wires HS45Mn25Cr3Mo1 of a C-Mn-Cr-Mo system, nickel is not needed to ensure low-temperature toughness, components are close to those of a base metal, and component segregation and hot cracking tendency are avoided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the specific scheme that:
the sintered flux for welding the high-manganese low-temperature steel is a sinter obtained by mixing dry powder and a binder, wherein the dry powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 18-25% of alumina, 10-15% of mullite, 18-26% of magnesia, 15-25% of fluorite, 5-10% of quartz, 5-10% of wollastonite, 5-10% of nepheline, 1-3% of manganese-silicon alloy, 0.5% of soda ash and 0.5% of sodium fluoride, wherein the addition amount of the binder is 21-24% of the weight of the dry powder.
Further, the mullite comprises 75 percent of Al in chemical compositions in percentage by mass2O3And 25% SiO2。
Further, the wollastonite comprises 50 mass percent of CaO and 45 mass percent of SiO in the chemical components2。
Further, the chemical composition of the nepheline comprises 55% of SiO in percentage by mass223% of Al2O315% NaO and 15% K2O。
Furthermore, the binder is pure sodium silicate, the modulus of the pure sodium silicate is 2.8, and the baume degree is 40-42 degrees Be'.
A preparation method of a sintered flux for welding high-manganese low-temperature steel comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the components of the dry powder and dry-mixing to obtain a mixture;
(2) uniformly wet-mixing the mixture obtained in the step (1) with a binder to obtain a wet mixed material;
(3) granulating the wet mixed material obtained in the step (2) to obtain granulated powder;
(4) drying the granulated powder obtained in the step (3) at 300-350 ℃;
(5) and (3) sintering, molding and crushing the granulated powder dried in the step (4) at 600-650 ℃ to obtain the sintered flux.
Furthermore, the prepared sintered flux has the granularity of 10-60 meshes, the stability of the welding process is poor due to the excessively large particle size of the particles, and the welding process under the working condition is adversely affected due to the excessively small particle size of the particles.
The design of the sintered flux of the invention is based on the following:
alumina and mullite: alumina component is Al2O3Melting point 2054 ℃ and 75 percent of Al in mullite chemical composition2O3And 25% SiO2Melting point of about 1910 ℃ and Al for both2O3Principal source, total Al2O3The content of the slag forming agent is 30-40 percent, and the slag forming agent is the main slag forming agent in the sintered flux, so that the slag has proper viscosity and fluidity. Exceeding or falling below this range leads to poor weld formation. Introduction of a portion of Al by mullite2O3The problem of dry powder agglomeration or poor granulation easily caused by using all alumina can be solved.
Magnesia: the magnesite is MgO, which is a strong alkaline oxide, and improves the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal. The melting point of MgO is as high as 2800 ℃, the content of MgO is too much, the solidification temperature of the molten slag is increased, the metallurgical reaction between the molten slag and liquid metal can not be fully carried out, and the defects of slag inclusion and the like are easily formed; the content is too small, which is not beneficial to the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal. The appropriate range of the invention is 18-26%.
Fluorite: fluorite with CaF as component2The slag is also an alkaline oxide, has a lower melting point of about 1400 ℃, has good molten state fluidity, enables the slag to have better fluidity, and is beneficial to spreading of welding seams. Too high content, poor stability of welding arc, too low content and poor spreading of welding seam. The suitable range of the invention is 15-25%.
Quartz: the quartz component is SiO2Is an acidic oxide, is mixed with MgO and CaF2The reasonable proportion of the components can adjust the viscosity of the slag and enhance the fluidity of the slag. The suitable range of the invention is 5-10%.
Wollastonite: the wollastonite component comprises about 50% CaO and 45% SiO2CaO has the function of reducing the surface tension of slag, and is beneficial to uniform fusion between welding seams. The suitable range of the invention is 5-10%.
Nepheline: the chemical composition of nepheline contains 55% of SiO223% of Al2O315% NaO and 15% K2O, the melting point is lower by about 1200 ℃, and the solidification temperature of the slag can be adjusted. NaO and K2O has the functions of stabilizing electric arc and improving weld seam spreading, and because carbonate containing Na and K and chloride are easy to absorb moisture, the moisture absorption of the welding flux can be reduced by introducing the O in the mode of the invention. The suitable range of the invention is 5-10%.
Manganese-silicon alloy: on one hand, the manganese-silicon alloy is added, when the components of the welding wire fluctuate, the total manganese content of the welding line can be adjusted to be unchanged; on the other hand, the flux granulability can be improved.
Soda ash and sodium fluoride: the main effect is to enhance the welding arc stability.
Water glass: the main function is to bond the powder. The sodium silicate is a common binder for the sintered flux, the addition amount is small, the bonding effect cannot be achieved, and the granulation property is poor; when the addition amount is too much, the powder is too wet, the granularity is not easy to control during granulation, the particles are easy to grow, the crushing amount of the welding flux is increased, the loose loading ratio of the welding flux is increased, and the welding manufacturability is not facilitated. The proper range of the invention accounts for 21-24% of the weight of the dry powder; wherein the modulus of the pure sodium silicate is 2.8, and the Baume degree at 20 ℃ is 40-42 DEG Be'.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the sintered flux can be matched with a high-manganese welding wire for welding; (2) the welding seam is beautiful in forming, good in slag removal, stable in welding process, good in welding manufacturability and suitable for large-specification welding; (3) the butt joint has good mechanical property and excellent low-temperature toughness, has a Charpy impact energy of more than 100J at the temperature of-196 ℃, and can be applied to high manganese steel welding of LNG storage tanks.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, belong to the scope of the present invention.
The sintered flux for welding the high-manganese low-temperature steel is a sinter obtained by mixing dry powder and pure sodium water glass, wherein the dry powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 18-25% of alumina, 10-15% of mullite, 18-26% of magnesia, 15-25% of fluorite, 5-10% of quartz, 5-10% of wollastonite, 5-10% of nepheline, 1-3% of manganese-silicon alloy, 0.5% of soda ash and 0.5% of sodium fluoride, wherein the addition amount of the sodium silicate is 21-24% of the weight of dry powder, the modulus of the sodium silicate is 2.8, and the baume degree is 40-42 DEG Be'.
In detail, the mullite comprises 75 percent of Al in the chemical composition by mass percentage2O3And 25% SiO2. The wollastonite comprises the chemical components of 50 percent of CaO and 45 percent of SiO in percentage by mass2. The chemical composition of the nepheline comprises 55 mass percent of SiO223% of Al2O315% NaO and 15% K2O。
A preparation method of a sintered flux for welding high-manganese low-temperature steel comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the components of the dry powder and dry-mixing to obtain a mixture;
(2) uniformly wet-mixing the mixture obtained in the step (1) with a binder to obtain a wet mixed material;
(3) granulating the wet mixed material obtained in the step (2) to obtain granulated powder;
(4) drying the granulated powder obtained in the step (3) at 300-350 ℃;
(5) and (3) sintering and forming the granulated powder dried in the step (4) at 600-650 ℃ to obtain the sintered flux.
The particle size of the sintered flux prepared by the invention is 10-60 meshes.
The various starting materials used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, were conventional commercially available products. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Component examples
The invention provides a sintered flux for welding high-manganese low-temperature steel and a preparation method thereof, and the compositions of the sintered fluxes in examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 composition ratio (/%) of sintered flux in examples 1 to 3
| Numbering | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 |
| Alumina oxide | 25 | 18 | 20 |
| Mullite | 10 | 15 | 12 |
| Magnesite clinker | 23 | 18 | 26 |
| Fluorite | 15 | 25 | 17 |
| Quartz | 10 | 5 | 8 |
| Wollastonite | 5 | 10 | 7 |
| Nepheline stone | 10 | 5 | 7 |
| Manganese-silicon alloy | 1 | 3 | 2 |
| Soda ash | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Sodium fluoride | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Sodium pure water glass (weight of dry powder) | 24 | 23 | 21 |
Examples 1-3 were prepared in the same manner and by a method comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing the components of the dry powder and dry-mixing to obtain a mixture;
(2) uniformly wet-mixing the mixture obtained in the step (1) with a binder to obtain a wet mixed material;
(3) granulating the wet mixed material obtained in the step (2) to obtain granulated powder;
(4) drying the granulated powder obtained in the step (3) at 300-350 ℃;
(5) and (3) sintering and forming the granulated powder dried in the step (4) at 600-650 ℃ to obtain the sintered flux.
Effects of the embodiment
The sintered fluxes prepared in examples 1 to 3 were compounded with HS45Mn25Cr3Mo1 welding wire and subjected to a mechanical property test of a butt joint. The test plate adopts a 25Mn low-temperature steel plate with the thickness of 20mm, and the main components of the steel plate are C: 0.20 to 0.60%, Si: 0.1-0.2%, Mn: 23.0-26.0%, Cr: 2.0 to 5.0 percent. The welding wire comprises the following main components: 0.20 to 0.50%, Si: 0.5-2.0%, Mn: 20.0-26.0%, Cr: 2.0-5.0%, Mo: 1.0-2.0%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. Taking a phi 4.0mm welding wire as an example, the welding process parameters are as follows: the welding power supply is in direct reverse connection, the welding current is 600-650A, the welding voltage is 30-32V, the walking speed is 40-45 cm/min, the inter-road temperature is lower than 150 ℃, and the test results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 mechanical properties of sintered flux matching HS45Mn25Cr3Mo1 welding wire butt joints prepared in examples 1-3 of examples 2
As can be seen from Table 2, the mechanical properties of the sintered fluxes prepared in examples 1 to 3 were satisfactory. Therefore, the sintered flux prepared by the invention has good welding manufacturability, can be matched with a high-manganese welding wire for use, has good mechanical property of a butt joint, has summer specific impact energy of-196 ℃ above 100J, and can be applied to welding of high-manganese steel LNG storage tanks.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The sintered flux for welding the high-manganese low-temperature steel is characterized by being a sinter obtained by mixing dry powder and a binder, wherein the dry powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 18-25% of alumina, 10-15% of mullite, 18-26% of magnesia, 15-25% of fluorite, 5-10% of quartz, 5-10% of wollastonite, 5-10% of nepheline, 1-3% of manganese-silicon alloy, 0.5% of soda ash and 0.5% of sodium fluoride, wherein the addition amount of the binder is 21% -24% of the weight of the dry powder.
2. The sintered flux for welding high manganese low temperature steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mullite has a chemical composition containing 75 mass% of Al2O3And 25% SiO2。
3. The sintered flux for welding the high-manganese low-temperature steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wollastonite contains 50% CaO and 45% SiO in the chemical composition by mass percentage2。
4. The sintered flux for welding high-manganese low-temperature steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the binder is pure sodium water glass, the modulus of the pure sodium water glass is 2.8, and the baume degree is 40-42 ° Be'.
5. The preparation method of the sintered flux for welding the high-manganese low-temperature steel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) blending and dry-mixing the components of the dry powder of claim 1 to obtain a mixed material;
(2) uniformly wet-mixing the mixture obtained in the step (1) with a binder to obtain a wet mixed material;
(3) granulating the wet mixed material obtained in the step (2) to obtain granulated powder;
(4) drying the granulated powder obtained in the step (3) at 300-350 ℃;
(5) and (3) sintering and forming the granulated powder dried in the step (4) at 600-650 ℃ to obtain the sintered flux.
6. The method for preparing the sintered flux for welding the high-manganese low-temperature steel according to claim 5, wherein the prepared sintered flux has a particle size of 10-60 meshes.
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| CN112975211A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-18 | 天津市金桥焊材集团股份有限公司 | Low-yield-ratio high-toughness submerged-arc welding material for Q690-grade weather-resistant bridge |
| CN114227063B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-08-11 | 锦州公略焊接技术有限公司 | Submerged arc welding material suitable for low-carbon high-manganese steel, preparation method, application and welding joint |
| CN114850724B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2023-06-23 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | High-alkalinity sintered flux for submerged arc welding of austenitic low-temperature steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN115319331B (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2024-03-26 | 四川大西洋焊接材料股份有限公司 | Submerged arc welding flux for vanadium-chromium-molybdenum-added steel, preparation method, wire agent combination and application |
| CN116690027A (en) * | 2023-08-08 | 2023-09-05 | 苏州思萃熔接技术研究所有限公司 | Submerged arc welding flux for welding 304 austenitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
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| GB963174A (en) * | 1961-07-31 | 1964-07-08 | Foster Wheeler Ltd | Improvements in and relating to welding flux compositions |
| CN102554514A (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2012-07-11 | 安泰科技股份有限公司 | Sintered flux for stainless steel submerged arc strip surfacing and manufacturing method of sintered flux |
| CN103846577B (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2016-08-31 | 锦州天鹅焊材股份有限公司 | A kind of X100 pipe line steel solder flux used for submerged arc welding and preparation method thereof |
| CN104139254A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-11-12 | 广东省工业技术研究院(广州有色金属研究院) | Bead-weld flux-cored welding wire |
| CN108581273A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-09-28 | 洛阳双瑞特种合金材料有限公司 | A kind of ultralow diffusible hydrogen sintered flux and preparation and application for low-temperature steel welding |
| CN108356442A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-08-03 | 永州市产商品质量监督检验所 | A kind of high manganese high-silicon low-fluorine smelting type welding flux of submerged-arc welding and its preparation method and application |
| CN109530881B (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2021-07-09 | 四川大西洋焊接材料股份有限公司 | Submerged-arc welding flux and welding wire for welding ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel and preparation method |
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