CN111654116A - High-gain constant-voltage constant-current output electric field coupling wireless power transmission system - Google Patents
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- CN111654116A CN111654116A CN202010309224.6A CN202010309224A CN111654116A CN 111654116 A CN111654116 A CN 111654116A CN 202010309224 A CN202010309224 A CN 202010309224A CN 111654116 A CN111654116 A CN 111654116A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/05—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using capacitive coupling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-gain constant-voltage constant-current output electric field coupling wireless electric energy transmission system which is characterized by comprising a power supply circuit, a high-frequency inverter circuit, a primary CLC resonance compensation network, a coupling circuit, a secondary resonance network, a high-frequency rectification circuit, a filter circuit and a load which are sequentially cascaded; a switch is arranged in the secondary side resonant network, and the topological structure of the secondary side resonant network is switched between a CLCL structure and a CLLC structure by adjusting the on and off of the switch; when the topological structure of the secondary resonant network is a CLCL structure, the system supplies power for the load at constant current, and when the topological structure of the secondary resonant network is a CLLC structure, the system supplies power for the load at constant voltage. The invention can flexibly switch the working mode of the system by switching the system structure according to the power supply requirement required by the load; meanwhile, through parameter design, high-voltage current gain output of the system is achieved, the system is guaranteed to work in a zero-phase angle state, and the system efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-gain constant-voltage constant-current output electric field coupling wireless electric energy transmission system, and belongs to the wireless electric energy transmission technology.
Background
Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) was first introduced in the united states of the nineteenth century, and is a new Power access mode for transferring Power from a source device to a sink device by means of a spatially intangible soft medium (such as a magnetic field, an electric field, laser, microwave, etc.). The technology realizes the electrical isolation between the common power receiving equipment, so that the problems of device abrasion, poor contact, contact sparks and the like caused by the traditional wired power supply mode are fundamentally avoided, the novel power supply mode is clean, safe and flexible, and is selected as one of ten future scientific research directions by American 'technical review' magazines.
The Electric Field Coupled Power Transmission (ECPT) technology adopts an Electric Field as a medium for energy Transmission, and has the outstanding advantages of being light and thin in coupling mechanism, free of eddy current loss, low in cost and the like compared with the magnetic Field Coupled Power Transmission technology, so that the Electric Field Coupled Power Transmission (ECPT) technology is gradually developed and applied in the fields of Electric vehicle charging, intelligent robots, underground coal mines, wireless Power supply track Electric vehicles and the like.
At present, in order to realize the constant output of the electric field coupling power transmission system, the constant voltage or current output of the ECPT charging system is mainly realized in the following manner. The first mode is that a detection circuit is arranged at the output end of the system, and the duty ratio of a system primary side inverter or a Buck circuit is adjusted according to the detection voltage, so that the constant voltage or current output of the system is realized, but the system control has certain time delay, is not suitable for being applied to a system needing quick response, and has complex control and higher cost. The second way is to realize constant voltage or constant current output by changing the working frequency of the circuit, but the system can be greatly oscillated when the frequency is changed, and the system cannot work in a zero-phase angle state, so that the system efficiency is low. The two modes only have a single resonance compensation topological structure, and the system can not provide electric energy for the system according to the power supply characteristic requirement required by power supply in actual application by flexibly switching the working mode of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a high-gain constant-voltage constant-current output electric field coupling wireless electric energy transmission system, which can flexibly switch the working mode of the system to provide electric energy for the system according to the characteristic requirements of a power supply required by load power supply, effectively optimize the power and the efficiency of the system, enable the system to work in a high-power, high-efficiency and high-gain state, further meet the power supply requirements of various types of loads, particularly the application in the aspect of battery charging, effectively overcome the limitation of a single resonance compensation topology, and widen the application occasions of the system.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a high-gain constant-voltage constant-current output electric field coupling wireless electric energy transmission system comprises a power supply circuit, a high-frequency inverter circuit, a primary CLC resonance compensation network, a coupling circuit, a secondary resonance network, a high-frequency rectification circuit, a filter circuit and a load which are sequentially cascaded;
a switch is arranged in the secondary side resonant network, and the topological structure of the secondary side resonant network is switched between a CLCL structure and a CLLC structure by adjusting the on and off of the switch; when the topological structure of the secondary resonant network is a CLCL structure, the system supplies power for the load at constant current, and when the topological structure of the secondary resonant network is a CLLC structure, the system supplies power for the load at constant voltage.
Furthermore, the high-gain constant-voltage constant-current output electric field coupling wireless electric energy transmission system also comprises a control circuit, wherein the control circuit comprises a voltage detection circuit and a hysteresis comparison circuit; the voltage detection circuit is used for detecting the output voltage of the system and sending the detected voltage value to the hysteresis comparison circuit, the hysteresis comparison circuit compares the detected voltage with a preset reference voltage and outputs a high-level/low-level control signal which is used for controlling the on/off of a switch in the secondary side resonant network so as to switch the topological structure of the secondary side resonant network between a CLCL structure and a CLLC structure.
Further, the primary CLC resonance compensation network comprises a capacitor C1、C2And an inductance L1,C1、C2、L1Form a CLC structure; the secondary resonant network comprises a capacitor C3Capacitor C4Capacitor CKInductor L2Inductor L3Switch K1Switch K2;C3Positive electrode of (2) is connected to L2One end, L2Is connected to L at the other end3One end of, L3The other end of which is used as the positive output end of the secondary resonant network, C3The negative electrode of the secondary side resonant network is used as the negative output end of the secondary side resonant network; k1And one end of (A) and (C)4Is connected to the negative electrode of K1Another end of (1) and C3Is connected to the negative electrode of C4Positive electrode of (2) through K2And CKTo the positive electrode of CKThe negative electrode of the secondary side resonant network is connected with the positive output end of the secondary side resonant network;
when K is1Closure, K2Switching off, wherein the topology of the secondary side resonant network is a CLCL structure;
when K is2Closure, K1And turning off the topological CLLC structure of the secondary side resonant network.
Further, the parameters in the system satisfy:
wherein, CMIs equivalent capacitance of coupling circuit, omega is circuit working angular frequency, GIIIs the current gain.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the power supply characteristics or power efficiency output requirements required by load power supply, the corresponding working modes of the system can be flexibly switched to provide electric energy for the system, the power and the efficiency of the system are effectively optimized, the system works in a high-power high-efficiency state, the power supply requirements of various types of loads are met, the limitation of a single resonance compensation topology is effectively overcome, and the application occasions of the system are widened.
When the system load requires the power supply of a constant current source, the switch K is enabled1Closure, K2And (4) disconnecting the system, switching the system to a CLCL structure, and supplying a load with a constant current, so that the system is suitable for occasions such as a constant current quick charging link of a lithium battery, charging of an LED lamp and the like.
When the system load requires the power supply of a constant current source, the switch K is enabled1Opening, K2And closing the system to switch to a CLLC structure, and supplying power to a load at constant voltage, so that the system is suitable for occasions such as a constant voltage charging link of a lithium battery, constant voltage charging of a motor and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the main circuit structure of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a switch K1,K2A structure diagram;
fig. 3 is a circuit simplification process analysis diagram of the present invention, fig. 3(a) is a topological diagram after equivalent of a plate to a capacitor, fig. 3(b) is a topological diagram after equivalent of two coupling capacitors to one, fig. 3(c) is a topological diagram after star-delta conversion and a T-type network is substituted into a topology, and fig. 3(d) is a final simplification equivalent circuit;
FIG. 4 shows a switch K1Closure, K2A simplified circuit diagram of the secondary resonant network switching to the CLCL structure when switched off;
FIG. 5 shows a switch K1Opening, K2A simplified circuit diagram of the secondary resonant network switching to the CLLC structure when closed;
FIG. 6 is a simulation diagram of the output current of the system when the load changes when the secondary side resonant network of the CLCL structure is adopted;
FIG. 7 is a simulation diagram of the output voltage of the system when the load changes when the secondary side resonant network of the CLLC structure is adopted;
FIG. 8 shows the output voltage of the system of the present inventionGraph of current gain versus system parameter, FIG. 8(a) is the current gain versus L3And CxFIG. 8(b) shows the voltage gain and CxThe relationship of (1);
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of the operation of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms, and that there is shown in the drawings and will hereinafter be described some exemplary and non-limiting embodiments, with the understanding that the present invention is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments illustrated.
It is to be understood that the features listed above for the different embodiments may be combined with each other to form further embodiments within the scope of the invention, where technically feasible. Furthermore, the particular examples and embodiments of the invention described are non-limiting, and various modifications may be made in the structure, steps, and sequence set forth above without departing from the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system structure of the present invention, and the system includes a main circuit and a control circuit, wherein the main circuit includes an input dc power supply 1, a dc inductor 2, a high-frequency inverter circuit 3, a primary CLC resonant compensation network 4, a coupling circuit 5, a secondary resonant network 6, a high-frequency rectification circuit 7, a filter capacitor 8, and a load 9; the control circuit comprises a secondary side switch control circuit 10 and a primary side inversion trigger circuit 11.
The dc power supply 1 can be obtained by rectifying and filtering ac mains supply, and then passing through a large dc inductor 2 (inductance value L)m) Then a direct current source can be obtained.
The high-frequency inverter circuit 3 can select a half-bridge, a full-bridge or an E-type amplifying inverter circuit, and the invention adopts four GaN power devices S1、S2、S3、S4Forming an H-bridge high-frequency inverter circuit.
The coupling circuit 5 is composed of four aluminum plates (P1, P2, P3, P4), a pair of P1 and P3, and a pair of P2 and P4.
FIG. 2 shows the present embodimentSwitch K in the example1、K2Each switch is composed of two switch tubes, each switch tube comprises an MOS tube and a diode, the diode is connected between the S pole and the D pole of the MOS tube in parallel, the anode of the diode is connected with the S pole of the MOS tube, and the cathode of the diode is connected with the D pole of the MOS tube; the G poles of the two switching tubes are connected, and the D pole of the first switching tube is connected with the D pole of the second switching tube. The control circuit signal is applied to the switch to control the on and off of the switch.
FIG. 3 shows a simplified process of the circuit shown in FIG. 1, where the capacitor formed by P1 and P3 is denoted as Cs1Let the capacitance formed by P2 and P4 be denoted as Cs2(ii) a The resulting circuit is shown in fig. 3 (a).
The direct current power supply outputs a current square wave I after passing through the high-frequency inverter circuit 3inThe load resistance is folded into equivalent resistance R, C after passing through the rectifying circuits1And Cs2The series connection can be simplified to C in the circuitM,CMThe size of (A) is as follows:
the equivalent circuit is shown in fig. 3 (b).
To CM、C2、C3Making a star-delta change of CM、C2、C3Conversion to Cp1、Cp2And CNAs shown in fig. 3 (c). Let C2=C3=CxCapacitor Cp1、Cp2、CN、CM、CxThe relationship of (1) is:
inductor L1Is divided into L1aAnd L1bTwo moieties, wherein L1bAnd CP1Compensation, L2Is divided into L2aAnd L2bTwo moieties, wherein L2bAnd CP2Compensating, namely satisfying the following relation:
this results in a further simplified circuit, as shown in FIG. 3(d), in which the capacitor C is presentKAnd switch K2After being connected in series with L3Parallel connection, K1And C4In series connection, the parameters of all components in the circuit satisfy the following relations:
FIG. 4 shows a switch K1Closure, K2When the circuit is disconnected, the secondary side resonant network is switched to a simplified circuit diagram of a CLCL structure, and the output current I can be obtained by solving a circuit column write equationoutInput impedance Z of the sum circuit1Comprises the following steps:
FIG. 5 shows a switch K1Opening, K2When closed, the secondary side resonance network is switched to a simplified circuit diagram of a CLLC structure, and the output voltage U can be obtained by solving a circuit column write equationoutInput impedance Z of the sum circuit2Comprises the following steps:
in the system omega, CN,L3All are constant values, and as can be seen from the formula (5) and the formula (6), when the load changes, only the system input voltage is given. Other parameters can not be changed after the system is determined, and constant current and constant voltage output can be realized without adding a complex control circuit. As shown in fig. 6, when the system load changes, the output voltage of the system adopting the secondary side resonant network of the CLCL structure is constant, and can be regarded as a constant voltage source for the load; as shown in fig. 7, when the system load changes, the system output current of the secondary resonant network adopting the CLLC structure is constant, and can be regarded as a constant current source for the load.Meanwhile, the total impedance of the circuit is equivalent to a pure resistor, so that the inverter input voltage and the current simultaneously pass through Zero, and the system efficiency in a Zero Phase Angle (ZPA) state is higher.
The primary side inversion trigger circuit 11 is only to determine a working frequency for the system, and in this embodiment, the primary side inversion trigger circuit 11 is composed of a primary side controller and a trigger circuit, wherein the primary side controller can select modules such as STM32, a DSP, an FPGA and the like to transmit a high-frequency square wave, and the high-frequency square wave generates a driving signal for driving the GaN switch device to be turned on and off through the trigger circuit.
In this embodiment, the secondary side switch control circuit 10 is composed of a voltage detection module and a hysteresis comparison circuit, wherein the voltage detection module can be connected with the system output terminal by STM32, DSP, single chip microcomputer, etc., and can detect the characteristics of the load power supply and the voltage at the two ends of the load, and send the detected voltage value to the hysteresis comparison circuit, which compares the detected voltage with the preset reference voltage and outputs a high level/low level control signal for controlling the switch K in the secondary side resonant network1、K2To switch the topology of the secondary side resonant network between a CLCL configuration and a CLLC configuration.
Further analysis of equations (5) and (6) shows the relationship between the voltage gain and the current gain of the system as shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the output voltage gain and the current gain of the system and the system parameters, and FIG. 8(a) is a graph showing the relationship between the current gain and L3And CxIn relation to FIG. 8(b) is the voltage gain and CxThe relationship of (1); fig. 8 shows that the voltage and current gains are greatly improved when the parameters are designed reasonably.
Fig. 9 is a working flow chart of the high-gain constant-voltage constant-current output electric field coupling wireless power transmission system according to this embodiment, where the working flow of the system is as follows:
at the beginning of power-on, the switch tube K1And K2And simultaneously, the system is switched off and enters a standby state, and when the system load requires that the constant current source supplies power, the system is switched to a constant current mode to enable the switching tube K to supply power1Closed K2Is disconnected to switch the secondary resonant network toAnd the CLCL structure is used for supplying power to the load by the whole system at constant current. When the system load needs the constant voltage source to supply power, the switch tube K is made1Disconnect K2And closing the secondary side resonant network with the CLLC structure to supply constant voltage power to the load. When charging the battery, the constant current mode is needed, and then the constant voltage charging is used when the load voltage reaches the upper limit. At the moment, the voltage detection circuit is required to transmit the voltage signal to the hysteresis comparison controller, and the hysteresis comparison controller outputs a trigger signal to control the switch K1,K2On and off.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A high-gain constant-voltage constant-current output electric field coupling wireless electric energy transmission system is characterized by comprising a power supply circuit, a high-frequency inverter circuit, a primary CLC resonance compensation network, a coupling circuit, a secondary resonance network, a high-frequency rectification circuit, a filter circuit and a load which are sequentially cascaded;
a switch is arranged in the secondary side resonant network, and the topological structure of the secondary side resonant network is switched between a CLCL structure and a CLLC structure by adjusting the on and off of the switch; when the topological structure of the secondary resonant network is a CLCL structure, the system supplies power for the load at constant current, and when the topological structure of the secondary resonant network is a CLLC structure, the system supplies power for the load at constant voltage.
2. The high-gain constant-voltage constant-current output electric field coupling wireless power transmission system according to claim 1, further comprising a control circuit, wherein the control circuit comprises a voltage detection circuit and a hysteresis comparison circuit; the voltage detection circuit is used for detecting the output voltage of the system and sending the detected voltage value to the hysteresis comparison circuit, the hysteresis comparison circuit compares the detected voltage with a preset reference voltage and outputs a high-level/low-level control signal which is used for controlling the on/off of a switch in the secondary side resonant network so as to switch the topological structure of the secondary side resonant network between a CLCL structure and a CLLC structure.
3. The high-gain constant-voltage constant-current output electric field coupling wireless power transmission system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the primary CLC resonance compensation network comprises a capacitor C1、C2And an inductance L1,C1、C2、L1Forming a CLC structure; the secondary resonant network comprises a capacitor C3Capacitor C4Capacitor CKInductor L2Inductor L3Switch K1Switch K2;C3Positive electrode of (2) is connected to L2One end, L2Is connected to L at the other end3One end of, L3As a positive output of said secondary resonant network, C3The negative electrode of the secondary side resonant network is used as the negative output end of the secondary side resonant network; k1And one end of (A) and (C)4Is connected to the negative electrode of K1Another end of (1) and C3Is connected to the negative electrode of C4Positive electrode of (2) through K2And CKTo the positive electrode of CKThe negative electrode of the secondary side resonant network is connected with the positive output end of the secondary side resonant network;
when K is1Closure, K2Switching off, wherein the topology of the secondary side resonant network is a CLCL structure;
when K is2Closure, K1And turning off the topological CLLC structure of the secondary side resonant network.
4. The high-gain constant-voltage constant-current output electric field coupling wireless power transmission system according to claim 3, wherein parameters in the system satisfy:
wherein, CMIs equivalent capacitance of coupling circuit, omega is circuit working angular frequency, GIIIs the current gain.
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CN112332505A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-05 | 青岛大学 | Single-tube inversion constant-current and constant-voltage wireless charging device and method |
CN112953033A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-11 | 江苏展芯半导体技术有限公司 | Wireless power transmission device based on non-contact hysteresis regulation and control method |
CN113078739A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-06 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Parameter design method for constant-current output electric field coupling wireless power transmission system |
CN115276260A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-11-01 | 国网浙江慈溪市供电有限公司 | ICPT system and non-contact power supply system of electric automobile |
CN117040144A (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2023-11-10 | 重庆大学 | Frequency tuning and power flow decoupling control method and system of BCPT system |
JP7387663B2 (en) | 2021-03-02 | 2023-11-28 | 株式会社東芝 | Power conversion circuit and power conversion device |
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CN108173353A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-06-15 | 重庆大学 | Constant pressure based on F-F/T variable topological networks-constant-current type ECPT systems and Parameters design |
CN108471173A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-08-31 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Have both the wireless energy transfer system of constant pressure and constant current output |
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CN105429313A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Wireless electric energy transmission system with switchable resonance compensation topology and control method thereof |
CN105529837A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-04-27 | 东南大学 | Method for determining constant voltage compensation network topology of wireless power transmission system |
CN108173353A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-06-15 | 重庆大学 | Constant pressure based on F-F/T variable topological networks-constant-current type ECPT systems and Parameters design |
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CN112332505A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-05 | 青岛大学 | Single-tube inversion constant-current and constant-voltage wireless charging device and method |
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CN117040144A (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2023-11-10 | 重庆大学 | Frequency tuning and power flow decoupling control method and system of BCPT system |
CN117040144B (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2024-05-14 | 重庆大学 | Control method and system for frequency tuning and power flow decoupling of BCPT system |
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