CN111653377B - Detection and collection technical system for high-level radioactive waste on ground surface - Google Patents
Detection and collection technical system for high-level radioactive waste on ground surface Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111653377B CN111653377B CN202010654454.6A CN202010654454A CN111653377B CN 111653377 B CN111653377 B CN 111653377B CN 202010654454 A CN202010654454 A CN 202010654454A CN 111653377 B CN111653377 B CN 111653377B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- collecting
- bearing platform
- technical system
- detecting
- level radioactive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/001—Decontamination of contaminated objects, apparatus, clothes, food; Preventing contamination thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/008—Apparatus specially adapted for mixing or disposing radioactively contamined material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention discloses a detection and collection technical system for high-level radioactive wastes on the ground surface, which comprises a bearing platform, a motor, a supporting block, a connecting rod, a supporting rod, a covering shovel, a collecting box, a woven bag, a detector, a collimator main body, a telescopic rod, a cylinder and a conveying plate, in the process of radioactive pollution environment treatment, the radioactivity monitoring unit and the environment and safety monitoring unit are integrated and combined to be configured on a mounting platform transformed by the medium-sized off-road vehicle, the addition of the environment and safety monitoring unit is a link for guiding field operation and ensuring the safety of operating personnel, and radioactive waste can be obviously reduced, thereby reduce secondary pollution and cross contamination, can reduce to drop into the use and need set up the waste and keep in the place, need not to use engineering facilities or equipment such as conveyer belt letter sorting splitter to can reduce the engineering and drop into, improve the efficiency and the benefit of renovation engineering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental management, in particular to a technical system for detecting and collecting high-level radioactive wastes on the ground surface.
Background
In the field radioactive pollution treatment engineering, the detection, screening, collection, packaging, transportation, storage, final disposal and the like of high-level radioactive waste are a series of special and difficult field engineering, and the main problems are that most of alpha nuclides have extremely high toxicity and long half-life period, the potential hazard of irradiation in human bodies is too large, and particularly when the main pollution nuclide is Pu-239, the problem is more prominent, so that in the implementation of the series of field engineering, the establishment of reasonable process technology and the adoption of effective protective measures to strictly prevent the irradiation in the high-level radioactive waste nuclide become an important engineering requirement.
According to the existing engineering technical route for remedying the transuranic nuclide pollution site in the nuclear test, more and more links for operating radioactive wastes are needed, secondary pollution and cross pollution are easily caused, the waste temporary storage site which needs to be set up and is put into use is increased, engineering facilities or equipment such as a conveyor belt sorting and shunting device need to be used, the overall engineering investment is increased, and the efficiency and benefit of the remediation engineering are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a technical system for detecting and collecting high-level radioactive wastes on the ground surface, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the technical system for detecting and collecting the radioactive wastes with high water level on the earth surface comprises a bearing platform, wherein two ends of one side of the top of the bearing platform are fixedly provided with supporting blocks, a connecting rod is rotatably arranged between the supporting blocks, the surface of the connecting rod is vertically and fixedly provided with a supporting rod, the outer end of the supporting rod is fixedly provided with a soil covering shovel, a motor is fixedly arranged on the supporting block at one end of the supporting rod, a collecting box is fixedly arranged on the bearing platform at one side of the supporting blocks, a through collecting groove is arranged in the bearing platform at the bottom of the collecting box, the top of the collecting box is movably provided with a positioning top plate, woven bags are arranged on the inner sides of the collecting box and the collecting groove in a pressing manner through the positioning top plate, a collimator cone is fixedly arranged at the top of the bearing platform at one side of the collecting box, and a collimator main body is fixedly arranged at the top of the collimator cone, the inside fixed mounting of collimator main part has the detector, the inside fixed mounting of collimator main part has the controller, and the controller passes through wire and detector and motor electric connection.
As a further scheme of the invention: the bearing platform is characterized in that a connecting lug is fixedly arranged on the surface of one side of the bearing platform, and a fixing pin is movably inserted into the surface of the connecting lug.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the bearing platform bottom that the collecting chute corresponds link up fixed mounting has the protecting crust, the inside fixed mounting of protecting crust has the cylinder, the output fixed mounting of cylinder has the telescopic link, the top fixed mounting of telescopic link has the delivery board.
As a further scheme of the invention: the collimator body is provided with radiating holes on the surfaces of two sides, and dustproof nets are fixedly mounted inside the radiating holes.
As a further scheme of the invention: four corners of the bottom of the positioning top plate are fixedly provided with inserting columns, and the tops of the collecting boxes corresponding to the inserting columns are provided with inserting grooves.
As a further scheme of the invention: an observation window is embedded in one side of the collecting box close to the top surface, and the bottom of the bearing platform is rotatably provided with a roller.
As a further scheme of the invention: and a control button is fixedly arranged on the surface of one side of the bearing platform and is electrically connected with the motor, the cylinder, the controller and the detector through wires.
As a further scheme of the invention: the top of the bearing platform is fixedly provided with a power box, and the power box is electrically connected with the motor, the cylinder, the controller and the detector through wires.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. during the radioactive pollution environment treatment process, communication can be established between the monitoring and evaluating system and the collecting and packaging system simultaneously, so that information sharing and cooperative action between the front system and the rear system are realized, and the working efficiency is improved.
2. In the process of radioactive pollution environment treatment, the radioactive monitoring unit and the environment and safety monitoring unit are integrally combined and configured on a mounting platform transformed by the medium-sized off-road vehicle, and the environment and safety monitoring unit is added for guiding field operation and ensuring the safety of operators.
3. In the process of radioactive pollution environment treatment, the links for operating radioactive wastes can be obviously reduced, so that secondary pollution and cross pollution are reduced, waste temporary storage places needing to be set can be reduced, engineering facilities or equipment such as conveying belt sorting and distributing equipment do not need to be used, engineering investment can be reduced, and efficiency and benefit of treatment engineering are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a system for detecting and collecting high level radioactive waste at a surface.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a collecting part of a technical system for detecting and collecting high-level radioactive wastes on the ground surface.
FIG. 3 is a top view of a detection and collection technology system for high level radioactive waste on the surface of the earth.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the collimator body of the technical system for detecting and collecting the high-level radioactive waste on the ground surface.
FIG. 5 is a partial structure diagram of the detection unit of the technical system for detecting and collecting the high-level radioactive waste on the ground surface.
Shown in the figure: 1. connecting lugs; 2. a power box; 3. a roller; 4. a load-bearing platform; 5. a collimator cone; 6. positioning a top plate; 7. an observation window; 8. a control button; 9. a protective shell; 10. a collection box; 11. woven bags; 12. inserting the column; 13. a motor; 14. a supporting block; 15. a support bar; 16. covering a soil shovel; 17. inserting grooves; 18. a material collecting groove; 19. a conveying plate; 20. a telescopic rod; 21. a cylinder; 22. a fixing pin; 23. a detector; 24. a collimator body; 25. a dust screen; 26. a connecting rod; 27. heat dissipation holes; 28. and a controller.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in an embodiment of the present invention, a technical system for detecting and collecting radioactive waste at a high level on a ground surface includes a supporting platform 4, supporting blocks 14 are fixedly installed at both ends of one side of the top of the supporting platform 4, a connecting rod 26 is rotatably installed between the supporting blocks 14, a supporting rod 15 is vertically and fixedly installed on the surface of the connecting rod 26, a soil-covering shovel 16 is fixedly installed at the outer end of the supporting rod 15, a motor 13 is fixedly installed on the supporting block 14 at one end of the supporting rod 15, the model of the motor 13 can be YB3-100L-2, the manufacturer is wenzhou south ocean explosion-proof motor limited, a collecting box 10 is fixedly installed on the supporting platform 4 at one side of the supporting block 14, a through collecting tank 18 is disposed inside the supporting platform 4 at the bottom of the collecting box 10, a positioning top plate 6 is movably installed at the top of the collecting box 10, woven bags 11 are placed on the inner sides of the collecting box 10 and collecting tank 18 by pressing through the positioning plate 6, the top of the bearing platform 4 at one side of the collecting box 10 is fixedly provided with a collimator cone 5, the top of the collimator cone 5 is fixedly provided with a collimator main body 24, the inside of the collimator main body 24 is fixedly provided with a detector 23, the inside of the collimator main body 24 is fixedly provided with a controller 28, the model of the controller 28 can be CPM2C-10CDR-D, the manufacturer is Shenzhen City Anfuda electromechanical Limited, the controller 28 is electrically connected with the detector 23 and the motor 13 through conducting wires, the radioactive field can be detected in real time through the detector 23, detected signals are transmitted to the inside of the controller 28 for analysis and processing, then the controller 28 controls the motor 13 to drive the connecting rod 26 and the supporting rod 15 to rotate in real time according to set warning values and program instructions, the angle of the soil covering shovel 16 is rotatably adjusted, so that the soil covering shovel 16 can complete the shovel collection of ground emissive substance garbage, then rotate in real time and invert rubbish and carry the collecting box and the inside of collecting tank to store in real time through inside braided bag 11, bearing platform 4's one side fixed surface installs engaging lug 1, and engaging lug 1's surface activity is pegged graft and is had fixed pin 22, and accessible engaging lug 1 and fixed pin 22 are connected the system wholly with power drive mechanism and are fixed.
The bottom of the bearing platform 4 corresponding to the material collecting groove 18 is fixedly provided with a protective shell 9 in a penetrating way, the inside of the protective shell 9 is fixedly provided with an air cylinder 21, the output end of the air cylinder 21 is fixedly provided with an expansion link 20, the top of the expansion link 20 is fixedly provided with a conveying plate 19 which can tightly tie and seal the bag mouth of the woven bag 11, the expansion link 20 and the conveying plate 19 are driven to ascend by starting the air cylinder 21, so that the woven bag 11 can be ejected out to the outer side of the collecting box 10 and then pushed to a designated garbage disposal place for purification, the two side surfaces of the collimator main body 24 are both provided with heat dissipation holes 27, the insides of the heat dissipation holes 27 are both fixedly provided with dust screens 25 which can guide out and dissipate the heat generated by the operation of devices in real time, the four corners at the bottom of the positioning top plate 6 are both fixedly provided with inserting columns 12, and the tops of the collecting boxes 10 corresponding to the inserting columns 12 are both provided with inserting grooves 17, one side of collecting box 10 is close to top surface embedding and installs observation window 7, and bearing platform 4's bottom is rotated and is installed gyro wheel 3, and bearing platform 4's one side fixed surface installs control button 8, and control button 8 passes through wire and motor 13, cylinder 21, controller 28 and detector 23 electric connection, and bearing platform 4's top fixed mounting has headstock 2, and headstock 2 passes through wire and motor 13, cylinder 21, controller 28 and detector 23 electric connection.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the radioactive substance environment improvement work is needed, firstly, the whole system can be connected and fixed with the power driving mechanism through the connecting lug 1 and the fixing pin 22, in the radioactive substance environment improvement process, the radioactive field can be detected in real time through the detector 23, the detected signal is transmitted to the inside of the controller 28 for analysis and processing, then the controller 28 controls the motor 13 to drive the connecting rod 26 and the supporting rod 15 to rotate in real time according to the set warning value and the program instruction, the rotation adjustment of the angle of the soil covering shovel 16 is realized, the soil covering shovel 16 can complete the shovel collection of the ground radioactive substance garbage, then the garbage is inverted and conveyed to the inside of the collecting box and the collecting tank through the internal woven bag 11 for real-time storage, and the bag opening of the woven bag 11 can be tied and sealed after the collection is completed, the cylinder 21 is started to drive the telescopic rod 20 and the conveying plate 19 to ascend, so that the woven bag 11 can be ejected out of the collecting box 10 and then pushed to a specified garbage and waste treatment place to be purified.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The application method of the technical system for detecting and collecting the earth surface high-level radioactive waste comprises the steps of building the technical system for detecting and collecting the earth surface high-level radioactive waste, wherein the technical system for detecting and collecting the earth surface high-level radioactive waste comprises a bearing platform (4), a connecting lug (1) is fixedly arranged on the surface of one side of the bearing platform (4), a fixing pin (22) is movably inserted into the surface of the connecting lug (1), supporting blocks (14) are fixedly arranged at two ends of one side of the top of the bearing platform (4), a connecting rod (26) is rotatably arranged between the supporting blocks (14), a supporting rod (15) is vertically and fixedly arranged on the surface of the connecting rod (26), a soil covering shovel (16) is fixedly arranged at the outer end of the supporting rod (15), and a motor (13) is fixedly arranged on the supporting block (14) at one end of the supporting rod (15), a collecting box (10) is fixedly mounted on the bearing platform (4) on one side of the supporting block (14), a through collecting groove (18) is arranged inside the bearing platform (4) on the bottom of the collecting box (10), a protective shell (9) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the bearing platform (4) corresponding to the collecting groove (18) in a through mode, an air cylinder (21) is fixedly mounted inside the protective shell (9), an expansion rod (20) is fixedly mounted at the output end of the air cylinder (21), a conveying plate (19) is fixedly mounted at the top of the expansion rod (20), a positioning top plate (6) is movably mounted at the top of the collecting box (10), woven bags (11) are arranged on the inner sides of the collecting box (10) and the collecting groove (18) in a pressing mode through the positioning top plate (6), and a collimator cone (5) is fixedly mounted at the top of the bearing platform (4) on one side of the collecting box (10), a collimator main body (24) is fixedly installed at the top of the collimator cone (5), a detector (23) is fixedly installed inside the collimator main body (24), a controller (28) is fixedly installed inside the collimator main body (24), and the controller (28) is electrically connected with the detector (23) and the motor (13) through a lead; the method is characterized in that: when radioactive substance environment improvement work is needed, firstly, the whole system can be connected and fixed with a power driving mechanism through a connecting lug (1) and a fixing pin (22), in the radioactive substance environment improvement process, a radioactive field can be detected in real time through a detector (23), detected signals are transmitted to the inside of a controller (28) for analysis and processing, then the controller (28) controls a motor (13) to drive a connecting rod (26) and a supporting rod (15) to rotate in real time according to a set warning value and a program instruction, so that the angle of a soil covering shovel (16) is adjusted in a rotating way, the soil covering shovel (16) can complete the push shovel collection of ground radioactive substance garbage, then the garbage is inverted and conveyed to the inside of a collecting box (10) and a collecting groove (18) in real time, and the garbage is stored in real time through an internal woven bag (11), can tighten the sack of braided bag (11) after the collection is accomplished and seal, drive telescopic link (20) and delivery board (19) through starting cylinder (21) and rise, make braided bag (11) can be ejected to collection box (10) outside, then promote appointed rubbish waste disposal place purify can.
2. The method for applying the technical system for detecting and collecting high-level radioactive wastes on the ground surface according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the surface of the two sides of the collimator body (24) is provided with heat dissipation holes (27), and dust screens (25) are fixedly mounted inside the heat dissipation holes (27).
3. The method for applying the technical system for detecting and collecting high-level radioactive wastes on the ground surface according to claim 1, is characterized in that: four corners of the bottom of the positioning top plate (6) are fixedly provided with plug-in posts (12), and plug-in grooves (17) are formed in the tops of the collecting boxes (10) corresponding to the plug-in posts (12).
4. The method for applying the technical system for detecting and collecting high-level radioactive wastes on the ground surface according to claim 1, is characterized in that: one side of the collecting box (10) is provided with an observation window (7) close to the top surface in an embedded mode, and the bottom of the bearing platform (4) is rotatably provided with the roller (3).
5. The method for applying the technical system for detecting and collecting high-level radioactive wastes on the ground surface according to claim 1, is characterized in that: one side surface fixed mounting of load-bearing platform (4) has control button (8), and control button (8) pass through wire and motor (13), cylinder (21), controller (28) and detector (23) electric connection.
6. The method for applying the technical system for detecting and collecting high-level radioactive wastes on the ground surface according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the top of the bearing platform (4) is fixedly provided with a power box (2), and the power box (2) is electrically connected with a motor (13), a cylinder (21), a controller (28) and a detector (23) through leads.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010184393 | 2020-03-17 | ||
| CN2020101843931 | 2020-03-17 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111653377A CN111653377A (en) | 2020-09-11 |
| CN111653377B true CN111653377B (en) | 2022-06-07 |
Family
ID=72345320
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010654454.6A Active CN111653377B (en) | 2020-03-17 | 2020-07-09 | Detection and collection technical system for high-level radioactive waste on ground surface |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111653377B (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07120593A (en) * | 1993-10-25 | 1995-05-12 | Toda Constr Co Ltd | Automatic machine for disposing radioactively contaminated concrete |
| CN103738632A (en) * | 2013-12-07 | 2014-04-23 | 广西大学 | Multi-freedom-degree controllable mechanism type loading, unloading and conveying integrated garbage truck |
| JP2015001518A (en) * | 2013-06-15 | 2015-01-05 | 定一 後藤 | Radioactivity containing material collection apparatus attaching radioactivity measuring device to tool for collecting radioactivity containing material |
| CN108305699A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-07-20 | 中国人民解放军第二军医大学 | Intelligent multi-function removes radioactive contamination instrument |
| CN108994739A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-14 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of No. 13 hitch Special-purpose peening machines |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUPQ747800A0 (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2000-06-08 | Waste Equipment Pty Ltd | Side loading waste bin |
-
2020
- 2020-07-09 CN CN202010654454.6A patent/CN111653377B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07120593A (en) * | 1993-10-25 | 1995-05-12 | Toda Constr Co Ltd | Automatic machine for disposing radioactively contaminated concrete |
| JP2015001518A (en) * | 2013-06-15 | 2015-01-05 | 定一 後藤 | Radioactivity containing material collection apparatus attaching radioactivity measuring device to tool for collecting radioactivity containing material |
| CN103738632A (en) * | 2013-12-07 | 2014-04-23 | 广西大学 | Multi-freedom-degree controllable mechanism type loading, unloading and conveying integrated garbage truck |
| CN108305699A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-07-20 | 中国人民解放军第二军医大学 | Intelligent multi-function removes radioactive contamination instrument |
| CN108994739A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-14 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of No. 13 hitch Special-purpose peening machines |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111653377A (en) | 2020-09-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP5836465B1 (en) | Radiation measuring apparatus and radiation measuring method | |
| US3995165A (en) | Method of and device for screening the source of rays dangerous to human health | |
| CN205686503U (en) | It is applicable to transformer station's small space and the sniffing robot of complicated landform | |
| CN111653377B (en) | Detection and collection technical system for high-level radioactive waste on ground surface | |
| CN105929434A (en) | Self-propelled nuclear radiation monitoring device | |
| CN209111088U (en) | A kind of nuclear radiation environment monitoring sampling robots | |
| KR100621449B1 (en) | A mobile apparatus for shielding radioactivity from radioactive waste matter | |
| CN102467984A (en) | High-activity spent radioactive source conditioning method and special device thereof | |
| CN108406793A (en) | A kind of intelligence robot for eliminating exploding and danger | |
| CN204558038U (en) | A kind of isotope packaging device | |
| CN212732329U (en) | Waste treatment equipment for highway construction | |
| CN206848625U (en) | It is automatic to deliver liquid crystal panel mechanism | |
| CN215183123U (en) | Nuclear retired steel structure decomposition platform | |
| JP2572006B2 (en) | Automatic disposal equipment for radioactive contaminated concrete | |
| CN214097802U (en) | Remote control measurement system for high radiation field | |
| CN216094135U (en) | Civil engineering construction waste material processing apparatus that protecting effect is good | |
| CN216943816U (en) | Useless discharge system of danger | |
| CN211467598U (en) | Combined garbage treatment equipment | |
| CN208548156U (en) | A kind of novel high-level waste depth geological disposal recvery facility | |
| CN210522630U (en) | Lithotripsy device for geological survey | |
| CN206240928U (en) | A kind of leaching device outer cover of vehicle-mounted integrated form soil restoring device | |
| KR20230086893A (en) | radioactive contamination measuring system and method for compressing radioactive waste filters | |
| Board | Radiological Safety in Uranium Mining and Milling | |
| Wall et al. | Retrieval of Intermediate Level Waste at Trawsfyndd Nuclear Power Station | |
| KR20230082933A (en) | system and method that compresses radioactive waste filters of nuclear power plant with efficiency |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |