CN111652528A - Water tank type reservoir total phosphorus water quality grade evaluation method and system - Google Patents

Water tank type reservoir total phosphorus water quality grade evaluation method and system Download PDF

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CN111652528A
CN111652528A CN202010614208.8A CN202010614208A CN111652528A CN 111652528 A CN111652528 A CN 111652528A CN 202010614208 A CN202010614208 A CN 202010614208A CN 111652528 A CN111652528 A CN 111652528A
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CN111652528B (en
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吴孝情
黄国如
任秀文
刘晓伟
陈中颖
张武才
姚芝军
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South China University of Technology SCUT
South China Institute of Environmental Science of Ministry of Ecology and Environment
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for evaluating the water quality level of total phosphorus in a water tank type reservoir. The method comprises the following steps: (1) recording the operation data, the total phosphorus content and the nutritional state evaluation index of the reservoir to be evaluated in the evaluation period to be evaluated according to the evaluation period; (2) calculating a comprehensive nutritional state index according to the operation data of the reservoir to be evaluated in the evaluation period to be evaluated, the nutritional state evaluation index, the total phosphorus water quality evaluation standard of each level in the previous period and the total phosphorus water quality evaluation standard of each level of river type and lake reservoir type, and determining the evaluation standard of the total phosphorus water quality of each level of the reservoir in the evaluation period; (3) and determining the total phosphorus water quality level of the cylinder type reservoir in the period. The system comprises: the device comprises a reservoir data acquisition module, an evaluation standard determination module and an evaluation module. The invention objectively evaluates the water quality of the water tank type reservoir, avoids insufficient or excessive remediation strength caused by unreasonable standard division, and avoids meaningless waste of manpower and material resources.

Description

Water tank type reservoir total phosphorus water quality grade evaluation method and system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water quality evaluation, and particularly relates to a method and a system for evaluating total phosphorus water quality level of a water tank type reservoir.
Background
The state stipulates the requirements of various water on physical properties, chemical properties and biological properties, and drinking water quality standards, farmland irrigation water quality standards and the like exist according to different purposes of water. At present, the most basic requirement on water quality is 'surface water environmental quality standard' (GB3838-2002), and according to the environmental function and the protection target of a surface water area, the water quality is divided into five types according to the function height in turn: the class I is mainly suitable for head water and national natural protection areas; the II type is mainly suitable for a primary protection area of a centralized drinking water surface water source area, a rare aquatic organism habitat, a fish and shrimp spawning site, a cable bait field for larval and juvenile fishes and the like; class III is mainly suitable for fishery water areas and swimming areas such as centralized drinking water surface water source areas, fish and shrimp overwintering fields, migration passages, aquaculture areas and the like; the IV is mainly suitable for general industrial water areas and recreational water areas which are not directly contacted with human bodies; the V type is mainly suitable for agricultural water areas and water areas with general landscape requirements. And dividing the standard values of the surface water environment quality standard basic items into five types corresponding to the five types of water area functions of the surface water, and executing the standard values of the corresponding types respectively by different functional types.
From the existing 'surface water environmental quality standard' (GB3838-2002), the river type is inconsistent with the lake and reservoir type standard, and the I-V type water quality evaluation standard of the river type total phosphorus is 2-4 times of that of the lake and reservoir type corresponding standard. The unreasonable phenomenon that the water concentration in the river reaches the III-class water standard concentration value and exceeds the V-class water quality standard concentration value of the lake after the water is led to the lake or the reservoir exists.
Along with the development of economy and high urbanization level, the population density of part cities is large, the water demand is increased, the water yield of local reservoirs is insufficient, at the moment, water is introduced from the river channel by building a water supply channel, water is supplied along the way by the water supply channel, the water supply requirements of all regions are different, part of evaluation periods can cause the concentrated water supply peak period to cause insufficient water supply of part of regions, and in addition, the water supply channel is required to be suspended for maintenance period every year. Therefore, under the conditions, a local emergency water source needs to be started, and the local reservoir is used for storing river water in advance for the time-to-time needs, so that a novel water tank type reservoir is generated, and the main function of the reservoir is to store the river water for emergency and standby water supply in cities. The water vat type reservoir is usually small in water collection range and small in water yield, the stored water mainly comes from river channel water diversion, and part of the stored water comes from reservoir self-produced water, so that the water quality of the reservoir is influenced by pollution sources in the water collection range of the reservoir and is also easily influenced by the water quality of the river channel water diversion.
When the total phosphorus of the water quality of the novel water tank type reservoir is evaluated, the corresponding standard values of the river flow type or the lake reservoir type in GB3838-2002 are adopted, namely the standard is too loose by adopting the river type total phosphorus standard, which is not beneficial to protecting the water quality of a water source, and the standard is too tight by adopting the lake reservoir type total phosphorus standard, for example, after III type water in a river channel is introduced into a lake reservoir, the III type water is evaluated as V type water quality, the water quality type and the water quality function are misjudged, and the water resource waste and the economic loss are caused. Therefore, the method for evaluating the total phosphorus in the reservoir is needed to be established by integrating the actual conditions of water production, water diversion, water utilization and the like of the reservoir.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a method and a system for evaluating the total phosphorus water quality level of a water vat type reservoir, aiming at comprehensively evaluating the water quality of the water vat type reservoir according to the application purpose and the water resource source components of the water vat type reservoir by combining the existing GB3838-2002 river flow pattern and lake reservoir type water quality evaluation standards, thereby solving the technical problems that the prior art is not suitable for the water quality evaluation of the water vat type reservoir, so that the unreasonable water quality type and water quality function evaluation are caused, and the water resource waste or economic loss is caused.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for evaluating total phosphorus water quality level of a reservoir of a water vat type, comprising the steps of:
(1) recording the operation data of the reservoir to be evaluated in the evaluation period to be evaluated according to the evaluation period, wherein the operation data comprises the following steps: evaluating the final water storage amount of the period, the passenger water amount introduced into the reservoir in the evaluation period and the self-produced water amount of the reservoir in the evaluation period, and determining the total phosphorus content and the nutritional state evaluation index of the water tank type reservoir in the current period according to the evaluation period;
(2) calculating a comprehensive nutritional state index according to the operation data of the reservoir to be evaluated in the evaluation period to be evaluated, the nutritional state evaluation index, the water quality evaluation standards of all levels in the previous period, and the river flow patterns and lake-reservoir water quality evaluation standards of all levels obtained in the step (1), and determining the evaluation standard of the total phosphorus water quality of each level of the reservoir in the evaluation period;
the evaluation standard for determining the total phosphorus water quality of each level of the reservoir in the evaluation period is as follows:
for the t period, the evaluation standard of the ith grade total phosphorus water quality
Figure BDA0002561454540000031
The method is determined according to the following method, wherein the general evaluation period is a natural month, so that t is 1-12, and the water quality grade is I-V:
Figure BDA0002561454540000032
wherein, among others,
Figure BDA0002561454540000033
the evaluation standard of the water quality grade of the total phosphorus of the water tank type reservoir of the ith grade of the current evaluation period is mg/L;
Figure BDA0002561454540000034
the evaluation standard of the water quality grade of the total phosphorus of the water tank type reservoir of the ith grade in the last evaluation period is mg/L; sliThe evaluation standard of the ith-level lake-reservoir type total phosphorus is mg/L; sriThe evaluation standard of the i-level river flow pattern total phosphorus is mg/L; wt-1For the last evaluation period, ten thousand meters of the water storage capacity of the water tank type reservoir3；WGo into tIntroducing the water capacity of ten thousand meters into the reservoir for the current evaluation period3；Wt-1、WGo into tActual reservoir dispatching data can be obtained through monthly measurement for reservoir operation data; PEItIs the self-produced water amount of the current evaluation period of ten thousand meters3；
(3) And (3) for each evaluation period, determining the total phosphorus water quality level of the cylinder type reservoir in the period according to the total phosphorus content in the period obtained in the step (1) and the evaluation standard of each grade of total phosphorus in the evaluation period determined in the step (2) and the range of the evaluation standard in which the total phosphorus content in the period falls.
Preferably, the water quality grade evaluation method of total phosphorus in the water cylinder type reservoir comprises the step of evaluating the self-produced water amount PEI of the current evaluation periodtThe calculation is carried out according to the following method:
PEIt＝Pt-Et-It
wherein, PtFor the amount of rainfall in the tth evaluation period, ten thousand meters3；EtEvaluation of cycle evaporative loss for the t-th3；ItFor evaluation of cycle leakage loss, ten thousand m3；Pt、EtCan be calculated by adopting the existing meteorological station in the drainage basin, ItCan be obtained by actual measurement.
Preferably, the rainfall P in the t-th evaluation period of the water tank type reservoir total phosphorus water quality grade evaluation methodtEvaluation period evaporation loss EtAll the weather stations in the basin can be used for calculation. Evaluation period leakage loss ItCan be obtained by actual measurement.
Preferably, the water quality grade evaluation method of total phosphorus in the water cylinder type reservoir comprises the step of evaluating the self-produced water amount PEI of the current evaluation periodtThe calculation is carried out according to the following method:
PEIt＝αPt
wherein, PtFor the amount of rainfall in the tth evaluation period, ten thousand meters3α is the runoff coefficient.
Preferably, the method for evaluating the total phosphorus water quality level of the water cylinder type reservoir,
evaluation standard of ith grade of initial total phosphorus water quality of water tank type reservoir
Figure BDA0002561454540000041
The determination method of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002561454540000042
wherein, W0 is addedTen thousand meters of water is always introduced into the reservoir from the start of the reservoir to the first evaluation3；SliThe evaluation standard of the i-th-grade lake-reservoir type total phosphorus is mg/L; sriThe evaluation standard of the i-th level river flow pattern total phosphorus is mg/L; PEI0For starting the reservoir to the first evaluation, the self-produced water quantity of the reservoir is always introduced into ten thousand meters3The method can be obtained by measurement in a basin water collection range.
Preferably, the method for evaluating the total phosphorus water quality level of the water tank type reservoir comprises the following steps (2):
evaluation criterion Sl of i-th-grade lake-reservoir type total phosphorusiAnd evaluation criterion Sr of i-th grade river type total phosphorusiThe method comprises the following steps:
when the comprehensive nutritional state index does not exceed the comprehensive nutritional state index threshold corresponding to the water quality target, the evaluation standard Sl of the ith-level lake-reservoir type total phosphorusiAnd evaluation criterion Sr of i-th grade river type total phosphorusiThe evaluation standard of total phosphorus of lake reservoir type and river type in GB 3838-2002; otherwise:
evaluation criterion Sr of i-th-grade lake-reservoir type total phosphorusiIs the evaluation standard of lake and reservoir type total phosphorus in GB3838-2002 and the evaluation standard Sr of river type total phosphorusiMore stringent standards than GB3838-2002 may be used.
Preferably, in the method for evaluating total phosphorus water quality level of a water cylinder type reservoir, when the comprehensive nutritional state index exceeds the comprehensive nutritional state index threshold corresponding to the water quality target, according to water quality categories (I, II, III, IV, V) corresponding to the classification threshold (30, 50, 60, 70, 80) of the nutrient state of lakes in the method for evaluating surface water environment quality (trial), the concentration corresponding to total phosphorus of each category is reversely deduced according to a total phosphorus comprehensive nutritional state index calculation formula, that is:
Figure BDA0002561454540000051
wherein TLI (TP) is total phosphorus comprehensive nutrition state index threshold (values of 30, 50, 60, 70 and 80), and TP is total phosphorus concentration.
The river-type total phosphorus concentration is calculated as more strict river-type total phosphorus Sr of each gradeiThe evaluation criteria of (1).
Preferably, the comprehensive nutritional state index threshold of the method for evaluating the total phosphorus water quality level of the aquarium type reservoir is determined according to the comprehensive nutritional state index standard required by the water function and the water quality target of the aquarium type reservoir.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a water tank type reservoir total phosphorus water quality grade evaluation system, comprising: the system comprises a reservoir data acquisition module, an evaluation standard determination module and an evaluation module;
the reservoir data acquisition module is used for acquiring the running data of the reservoir to be evaluated in the evaluation period to be evaluated, which is recorded according to the evaluation period, and comprises the following steps: evaluating the final water storage amount of the period, the passenger water amount introduced into the reservoir in the evaluation period, evaluating the self-produced water amount of the reservoir in the evaluation period, and measuring the total phosphorus content and the nutritional state evaluation index of the water tank type reservoir in the current period according to the evaluation period;
the evaluation standard determining module is used for calculating a comprehensive nutrition state index according to the running data of the reservoir to be evaluated in the evaluation period to be evaluated, the nutrition state evaluation index, the water quality evaluation standards of all levels in the previous period, and the water quality evaluation standards of all levels of river flow patterns and lake reservoirs, which are obtained by the reservoir data acquisition module, and determining the evaluation standard of the total phosphorus water quality of each level of the reservoir in the evaluation period, namely the total phosphorus content upper limit of the water quality of each level;
the evaluation standard for determining the total phosphorus water quality of each level of the reservoir in the evaluation period is as follows:
for the t period, the evaluation standard of the ith grade total phosphorus water quality
Figure BDA0002561454540000052
The method is determined according to the following method, wherein the general evaluation period is a natural month, so that t is 1-12, and the water quality grade is I-V according to GB 3838-2002:
Figure BDA0002561454540000061
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002561454540000062
the evaluation standard of the water quality grade of the total phosphorus of the water tank type reservoir of the ith grade of the current evaluation period is mg/L;
Figure BDA0002561454540000063
the evaluation standard of the water quality grade of the total phosphorus of the water tank type reservoir of the ith grade in the last evaluation period is mg/L; sliThe evaluation standard of the ith-level lake-reservoir type total phosphorus is mg/L; sriThe evaluation standard of the i-level river flow pattern total phosphorus is mg/L; wt-1For the last evaluation period, ten thousand meters of the water storage capacity of the water tank type reservoir3；WGo into tIntroducing the water capacity of ten thousand meters into the reservoir for the current evaluation period3，Wt-1、WGo into tFor reservoir operation data, actual reservoir scheduling data, PEI, may be obtained by monthly measurementstIs the self-produced water amount of the current evaluation period of ten thousand meters3The calculation is carried out according to the following method:
PEIt＝Pt-Et-It＝αPt
wherein, PtFor the amount of rainfall in the tth evaluation period, ten thousand meters3；EtEvaluation of cycle evaporative loss for the t-th3；ItFor evaluation of cycle leakage loss, ten thousand m3；Pt、EtThe existing meteorological site in the basin can be adopted for calculation, α is the runoff coefficient, PEItThe rainfall, evaporation and infiltration which are monitored in the drainage basin can be used for calculation, and the runoff coefficient α can be used for estimation when the data is insufficient.
Evaluation standard of ith grade of initial total phosphorus water quality of water tank type reservoir
Figure BDA0002561454540000064
The determination method of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002561454540000065
wherein, W0 is addedTen thousand meters of water is always introduced into the reservoir from the start of the reservoir to the first evaluation3；SliThe evaluation standard of the i-th-grade lake-reservoir type total phosphorus is mg/L; sriThe evaluation standard of the i-th level river flow pattern total phosphorus is mg/L; PEI0For starting the reservoir to the first evaluation, the self-produced water quantity of the reservoir is always introduced into ten thousand meters3The rainfall, evaporation and infiltration which are monitored in the drainage basin can be used for calculation, and the runoff coefficient α can be used for estimation when the data is insufficient.
Evaluation criterion Sl of i-th-grade lake-reservoir type total phosphorusiAnd evaluation criterion Sr of i-th grade river type total phosphorusiThe method comprises the following steps:
when the comprehensive nutritional state index does not exceed the comprehensive nutritional state index threshold corresponding to the water quality target, the evaluation standard Sl of the ith-level lake-reservoir type total phosphorusiAnd evaluation criterion Sr of i-th grade river type total phosphorusiThe evaluation standard of total phosphorus of lake reservoir type and river type in GB 3838-2002; otherwise, when the comprehensive nutrient state index exceeds the comprehensive nutrient state index threshold value corresponding to the water quality target, the evaluation standard Sl of the ith-grade lake-reservoir type total phosphorusiIs the evaluation standard of lake and reservoir type total phosphorus in GB3838-2002 and the evaluation standard Sr of river type total phosphorusiMore stringent standards than GB3838-2002 may be used.
And the evaluation module is used for determining the total phosphorus water quality level of the cylinder type reservoir in the period according to the total phosphorus content in the period obtained by the reservoir data acquisition module and the evaluation standard of each grade of the total phosphorus in the evaluation period determined by the evaluation standard determination module and according to the range of the evaluation standard in which the total phosphorus content in the period falls.
Preferably, the comprehensive nutritional state index threshold of the system for evaluating the total phosphorus water quality level of the aquarium type reservoir is determined according to the comprehensive nutritional state index standard required by the water function and the water quality target of the aquarium type reservoir.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
according to the method and the system for evaluating the total phosphorus water quality level of the water vat type reservoir, provided by the invention, the water quality evaluation standard of the reservoir is comprehensively defined according to the source of the water vat type reservoir and the application target of the reservoir, so that the water quality of the reservoir is evaluated more objectively, relaxation treatment or over treatment caused by unreasonable standard division is avoided, and unnecessary waste of manpower and material resources caused by the relaxation treatment or the over treatment is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method for evaluating the total phosphorus water quality level of the reservoir of the water vat type.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
With the development of economy and high urbanization level, the population density of part of cities is large, the water demand is increased, and the self-produced water of local reservoirs is insufficient. At this moment, water is introduced from the river channel through building the water supply channel, water supply is carried out along the way through the water supply channel, water supply requirements of all regions are different, partial evaluation periods can cause the concentrated water supply peak period to result in partial regional insufficient water supply, and water supply is also suspended in the annual water supply channel maintenance period. In these cases, local emergency water sources need to be started, and local reservoirs are used for storing river water in advance for the need of time to time. Therefore, a novel water tank type reservoir is produced, and the main function of the reservoir is to store river water for emergency standby water supply in cities. The water vat type reservoir is usually small in water collection range and small in water yield, the stored water is mainly from river diversion, and further the water quality is not only influenced by pollution sources in the water collection range of the reservoir, but also easily influenced by the water quality of the river diversion.
When the total phosphorus of the water quality of the novel water cylinder type reservoir is evaluated, the corresponding standard values of the river type or the lake reservoir type in GB3838-2002 are adopted, namely the standard is too loose by adopting the river type total phosphorus standard, pollutants can not be effectively identified, and the water quality of a water source is not protected, and the standard is too tight by adopting the lake reservoir type total phosphorus standard, for example, after III type water in the original river channel is introduced into the lake reservoir, the III type water is evaluated as V type water quality, and the water quality type and the water quality function are misjudged. According to the existing national requirements, the drinking water source needs to reach the standards above class III, the water source places with substandard water quality need to be comprehensively remedied or judged to be unsuitable as the water source places, and only by adopting the lake and reservoir type total phosphorus standard to misjudge the water quality category, the manpower and material resources are invested to comprehensively remedy or change the water source places, so that the water resource waste and the economic loss are caused. Therefore, the method for evaluating the total phosphorus in the reservoir is urgently needed to be established by integrating the actual conditions of water production, water diversion, water utilization and the like of the reservoir.
The invention provides a method for evaluating the total phosphorus water quality level of a water tank type reservoir, which comprises the following steps as shown in figure 1:
(1) recording the operation data of the reservoir to be evaluated in the evaluation period to be evaluated according to the evaluation period, wherein the operation data comprises the following steps: evaluating the final water storage amount of the period, the passenger water amount introduced into the reservoir in the evaluation period, evaluating the self-produced water amount of the reservoir in the evaluation period, and measuring the total phosphorus content and the nutritional state evaluation index of the water tank type reservoir in the current period according to the evaluation period;
(2) calculating a comprehensive nutritional state index according to the operation data of the reservoir to be evaluated in the evaluation period to be evaluated, the nutritional state evaluation index, the water quality evaluation standards of all levels in the previous period and the river flow type and lake-reservoir type water quality evaluation standards of all levels, which are obtained in the step (1), and determining the evaluation standard of the total phosphorus water quality of all levels of the reservoir in the evaluation period, namely the total phosphorus content upper limit of all levels of water quality;
the evaluation standard for determining the total phosphorus water quality of each level of the reservoir in the evaluation period is as follows:
for the t period, the evaluation standard of the ith grade total phosphorus water quality
Figure BDA0002561454540000091
The method is determined according to the following method, wherein the general evaluation period is a natural month, so that t is 1-12, and the water quality grade is I-V according to GB 3838-2002:
Figure BDA0002561454540000092
wherein, among others,
Figure BDA0002561454540000093
the evaluation standard of the water quality grade of the total phosphorus of the water tank type reservoir of the ith grade of the current evaluation period is mg/L;
Figure BDA0002561454540000094
the evaluation standard of the water quality grade of the total phosphorus of the water tank type reservoir of the ith grade in the last evaluation period is mg/L; sliThe evaluation standard of the ith-level lake-reservoir type total phosphorus is mg/L; sriThe evaluation standard of the i-level river flow pattern total phosphorus is mg/L; wt-1For the last evaluation period, ten thousand meters of the water storage capacity of the water tank type reservoir3；WGo into tIntroducing the water capacity of ten thousand meters into the reservoir for the current evaluation period3；Wt-1、WGo into tActual reservoir dispatching data can be obtained through monthly measurement for reservoir operation data; PEItThe self-produced water amount for the current evaluation period is calculated according to the following method:
PEIt＝Pt-Et-It＝αPt
wherein, PtFor the amount of rainfall in the tth evaluation period, ten thousand meters3；EtEvaluation of cycle evaporative loss for the t-th3；ItFor evaluation of cycle leakage loss, ten thousand m3；Pt、EtThe existing meteorological site in the basin can be adopted for calculation, α is the runoff coefficient, PEItThe rainfall, evaporation and infiltration which are monitored in the drainage basin can be used for calculation, and the runoff coefficient α can be used for estimation when the data is insufficient.
Evaluation standard of ith grade of initial total phosphorus water quality of water tank type reservoir
Figure BDA0002561454540000095
The determination method of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002561454540000096
wherein, W0 is addedTen thousand meters of water is always introduced into the reservoir from the start of the reservoir to the first evaluation3；SliThe evaluation standard of the i-th-grade lake-reservoir type total phosphorus is mg/L; sriThe evaluation standard of the i-th level river flow pattern total phosphorus is mg/L; PEI0In order to start the self-produced water quantity of the reservoir introduced into the reservoir in the last year of the reservoir, the existing monitoring data in the watershed can be used for calculation, and when the data are insufficient, the runoff coefficient α can be used for estimation.
Evaluation criterion Sr of i-th-grade lake-reservoir type total phosphorusiAnd evaluation criterion Sl of i-th grade river type total phosphorusiThe method comprises the following steps:
when the comprehensive nutritional state index (TLI (∑)) does not exceed the comprehensive nutritional state index threshold value corresponding to the water quality target, for example, the water quality target of a certain reservoir is the surface water III-class water quality standard, the corresponding comprehensive nutritional state index threshold value is 60, namely when the TLI (∑) is less than or equal to 60, the evaluation standard Sl of the i-th-grade lake-reservoir-type total phosphorusiAnd evaluation criterion Sr of i-th grade river type total phosphorusiThe evaluation standard of the total phosphorus of the lake reservoir type and the river type in GB3838-2002 is shown in the following table 1: evaluation criterion Sr of i-th grade river-type total phosphorusiAnd evaluation criterion Sl of i-th-grade lake-reservoir type total phosphorusiThe following are:
table 1 surface water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002) total phosphorus standard limit units: mg/L
Figure BDA0002561454540000101
Otherwise, when the integrated nutrient status index exceeds the integrated nutrient status index threshold value, for example TLI (∑) > 60, the evaluation criterion Sl of the ith-grade lake-reservoir type total phosphorusiThe evaluation standard Sl of the i-th-grade lake-reservoir type total phosphorus is obtained for the evaluation standard of the lake-reservoir type total phosphorus in GB3838-2002, namely still looking up table 1iEvaluation criterion Sr for river type total phosphorusiThe standard which is stricter than GB3838-2002 can be adopted, so that the water quality of the water vat type reservoir can be more strictly evaluated, and the treatment intensity is increased.
The comprehensive nutritional state index threshold value is determined according to the comprehensive nutritional state index standard of the water function application and the water quality target requirement of the water tank type reservoir. For example, if the application target of the water tank type reservoir is water quality III and the corresponding comprehensive nutritional state index standard is 60, the comprehensive nutritional state index threshold value is 60. When the index threshold value of the comprehensive nutrition state is exceeded, the evaluation standard Sr of the total phosphorus of each grade river patterniA more stringent total phosphorus content standard is selected.
Preferably, when the comprehensive nutritional state index exceeds the threshold value of the comprehensive nutritional state index, according to water quality categories (I, II, III, IV, V) corresponding to the classification threshold values (30, 50, 60, 70, 80) of the nutritional states of lakes in the evaluation method (trial) of surface water environment quality, the concentrations corresponding to total phosphorus in each category are reversely deduced according to a total phosphorus comprehensive nutritional state index calculation formula, that is:
Figure BDA0002561454540000111
wherein TLI (TP) is total phosphorus comprehensive nutrition state index threshold (values of 30, 50, 60, 70 and 80), and TP is total phosphorus concentration.
The river-type total phosphorus concentration is calculated as more strict river-type total phosphorus Sr of each gradeiThe evaluation criteria of (1). Specifically, the more strict evaluation criterion Sr of river-type total phosphorus of each gradeiTable 2 below:
item Type (i) Class I Class II Class III Class IV Class V
Total phosphorus Flow pattern of river 0.02 0.06 0.12 0.22 0.4
(3) And (3) for each evaluation period, determining the total phosphorus water quality level of the cylinder type reservoir in the period according to the total phosphorus content in the period obtained in the step (1) and the total phosphorus evaluation standard of each level in the evaluation period determined in the step (2) and the range of the evaluation standard in which the total phosphorus content in the period falls.
The invention provides a water tank type reservoir total phosphorus water quality grade evaluation system, which comprises: the system comprises a reservoir data acquisition module, an evaluation standard determination module and an evaluation module;
the reservoir data acquisition module is used for acquiring the running data of the reservoir to be evaluated in the evaluation period to be evaluated, which is recorded according to the evaluation period, and comprises the following steps: evaluating the final water storage amount of the period, the passenger water amount introduced into the reservoir in the evaluation period, evaluating the self-produced water amount of the reservoir in the evaluation period, and measuring the total phosphorus content and the nutritional state evaluation index of the water tank type reservoir in the current period according to the evaluation period;
the evaluation standard determining module is used for calculating a comprehensive nutrition state index according to the running data of the reservoir to be evaluated in the evaluation period to be evaluated, the nutrition state evaluation index, the water quality evaluation standards of all levels in the previous period, and the water quality evaluation standards of all levels of river flow patterns and lake reservoirs, which are obtained by the reservoir data acquisition module, and determining the evaluation standard of the total phosphorus water quality of each level of the reservoir in the evaluation period, namely the total phosphorus content upper limit of the water quality of each level;
the evaluation standard for determining the total phosphorus water quality of each level of the reservoir in the evaluation period is as follows:
for the t period, the evaluation standard of the ith grade total phosphorus water quality
Figure BDA0002561454540000121
The method is determined according to the following method, wherein the general evaluation period is a natural month, so that t is 1-12, and the water quality grade is I-V according to GB 3838-2002:
Figure BDA0002561454540000122
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002561454540000123
the evaluation standard of the water quality grade of the total phosphorus of the water tank type reservoir of the ith grade of the current evaluation period is mg/L;
Figure BDA0002561454540000124
the evaluation standard of the water quality grade of the total phosphorus of the water tank type reservoir of the ith grade in the last evaluation period is mg/L; sliThe evaluation standard of the ith-level lake-reservoir type total phosphorus is mg/L; sriThe evaluation standard of the i-level river flow pattern total phosphorus is mg/L; wt-1For the last evaluation period, ten thousand meters of the water storage capacity of the water tank type reservoir3；WGo into tIntroducing the water capacity of ten thousand meters into the reservoir for the current evaluation period3；Wt-1、WGo into tActual reservoir dispatching data can be obtained through monthly measurement for reservoir operation data; PEItThe self-produced water amount for the current evaluation period is calculated according to the following method:
PEIt＝Pt-Et-It＝αPt
wherein, PtFor the amount of rainfall in the tth evaluation period, ten thousand meters3；EtEvaluation of cycle evaporative loss for the t-th3；ItFor evaluation of cycle leakage loss, ten thousand m3；Pt、EtCan be calculated by adopting the existing meteorological station in the drainage basin, ItObtained by actual measurement, α is runoff coefficient PEItThe rainfall, evaporation and infiltration which are monitored in the drainage basin can be used for calculation, and the runoff coefficient α can be used for estimation when the data is insufficient.
Evaluation standard of ith grade of initial total phosphorus water quality of water tank type reservoir
Figure BDA0002561454540000125
The determination method of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002561454540000126
wherein, W0 is addedTen thousand meters of water is always introduced into the reservoir from the start of the reservoir to the first evaluation3；SliThe evaluation standard of the i-th-grade lake-reservoir type total phosphorus is mg/L; sriThe evaluation standard of the i-th level river flow pattern total phosphorus is mg/L; PEI0For starting the reservoir to the first evaluation, the self-produced water quantity of the reservoir is always introduced into ten thousand meters3(ii) a Can be calculated by using the monitoring data existing in the drainage basin.
Evaluation standard of i-th-grade lake-reservoir type total phosphorus
Figure BDA0002561454540000131
And the ith grade riverEvaluation criterion Sr of flow pattern total phosphorusiThe method comprises the following steps:
when the comprehensive nutrition state index does not exceed the comprehensive nutrition state index threshold value corresponding to the water quality target, such as TLI (∑) ≦ 60, the evaluation standard Sl of the ith-grade lake-reservoir type total phosphorusiAnd evaluation criterion Sr of i-th grade river type total phosphorusiThe evaluation standard Sl of the lake and river type total phosphorus in GB3838-2002, otherwise, when the comprehensive nutrition state index exceeds the comprehensive nutrition state index threshold value, such as TLI (∑) > 60, the evaluation standard Sl of the ith grade lake and river type total phosphorusiThe evaluation standard Sl of the i-th-grade lake-reservoir type total phosphorus is obtained for the evaluation standard of the lake-reservoir type total phosphorus in GB3838-2002, namely still looking up table 1iEvaluation criterion Sr for river type total phosphorusiMore stringent standards than GB3838-2002 may be used.
The comprehensive nutritional state index threshold value is determined according to the comprehensive nutritional state index standard required by the water function and the water quality target of the water tank type reservoir.
And the evaluation module is used for determining the total phosphorus water quality level of the cylinder type reservoir in the period according to the total phosphorus content in the period obtained by the reservoir data acquisition module and the total phosphorus evaluation standard of each level in the evaluation period determined by the evaluation standard determination module and according to the range of the evaluation standard in which the total phosphorus content in the period falls.
The reservoir total phosphorus evaluation work comprises a plurality of processes of basic actual measurement water quality investigation, reservoir self-produced water investigation, reservoir diversion investigation, reservoir water use investigation, reservoir water quality evaluation and the like.
And (3) basic actual measurement water quality investigation: according to the current water environment monitoring system in China, a common reservoir has month-by-month monitoring data, and the data is provided by a region monitoring center where the reservoir is located.
Reservoir water production survey: the self-produced water of the reservoir is defined as the water quantity produced by the reservoir in a series of hydrological processes such as rainfall, runoff yield, infiltration, evaporation, confluence and the like in the water collection range of the reservoir, the part of the water quantity can be calculated through actually measured rainfall, infiltration quantity and evaporation quantity, and the rainfall and runoff coefficient can be estimated when the data is insufficient.
Reservoir water use survey: the reservoir water comprises irrigation water, power generation water, production and living water supply and the like, the reservoir water can be obtained by measuring the actual measurement water, and the data can be provided by a water department of the area where the reservoir is located.
Reservoir diversion investigation: the water diversion data of the reservoir refers to the water diversion quantity of the reservoir from the river channel and can be measured and provided by the water department of the area where the reservoir is located.
Evaluating the water quality of the reservoir: according to the evaluation standard of the lake and reservoir type total phosphorus, the evaluation result shows that the total phosphorus exceeds the standard in a part of time period because part of water quantity directly comes from rivers. For example, the water quality of a certain reservoir in 2019 is generally IV, the overproof factor is total phosphorus, and the overproof multiple is 2.4 times. If the water quality is evaluated according to the river type, the water quality reaches III class in 2019. In practical situations, the total phosphorus in the water diversion river reaches the III-class standard concentration value, and the unreasonable phenomenon that the total phosphorus in the water quality of the reservoir exceeds the V-class water quality standard of the lake is caused after the water diversion and the storage, so that the selection of the total phosphorus standard concentration value is very important. At present, the water quality requirement is higher in the win-win pollution prevention and hardness attack period, the novel water tank type reservoir often has the function of a drinking water source and place, the water quality requirement is higher, and the annual water quality does not reach the standard when the monthly water quality does not reach the standard once and the examination is carried out. Therefore, if the water vat type reservoir is evaluated according to the standard of the lake and reservoir type total phosphorus, the standard is too strict and does not accord with the actual condition, and if the water vat type reservoir is evaluated according to the standard of the river type total phosphorus, the standard is too loose and also does not accord with the actual condition. Therefore, on the basis of actual management requirements, the method is established by combining the actual conditions of water production, water diversion and water use of the reservoir per se.
The following are examples:
example 1
The reservoir 1 is an emergency spare water source of a certain town in a certain city, and the main function of the reservoir is to store the river water for emergency water supply. The reservoir belongs to a small (I) type reservoir, the total storage capacity of the reservoir is 202 ten thousand cubic meters, the Xingli storage capacity is 164.7 ten thousand cubic meters, the dead storage capacity is 3 ten thousand cubic meters, and the water collection area is 3.4 square kilometers. The water quality target is the water quality standard III of the environmental quality Standard of surface Water (GB 3838-2002).
The evaluation method is as follows:
(1) recording the operation data of the reservoir to be evaluated in the evaluation period to be evaluated according to the evaluation period, wherein the operation data comprises the following steps: evaluating the final water storage amount of the period, the passenger water amount introduced into the reservoir in the evaluation period, evaluating the self-produced water amount of the reservoir in the evaluation period, and measuring the total phosphorus content and the nutritional state evaluation index of the water tank type reservoir in the current period according to the evaluation period;
because infiltration data are difficult to obtain, the embodiment adopts actual measurement rainfall data and runoff coefficients to calculate the self-produced water quantity of the reservoir. According to rainfall data provided by the China meteorological data network, the rainfall of the observation station 2019 around the reservoir is counted, and is shown in table 3. In 2019, the rainfall capacity of the station is 1918.4mm, and the runoff of the reservoir, namely the self-produced water quantity of the reservoir, is 335.88 ten thousand cubic meters according to the perennial runoff coefficient of the reservoir.
The rainfall statistics for the representative station of reservoir 1 are as follows:
Figure BDA0002561454540000151
through on-site research and data collection, the monthly water storage capacity, water intake, water supply and the like of the reservoir 1 are shown in the following table. 254.1 ten thousand meters of water is drained from river channel of reservoir in 20193Actual water supply 298.3 km3Actual water diversion 227 ten thousand meters in 20183The actual water yield of the reservoir is 355.88 km3The specific statistics are as follows (unit: ten thousand m)3：
Figure BDA0002561454540000152
The monthly water quality monitoring data is shown in the table below. The comprehensive nutritional state index of the lake and the reservoir is calculated according to a surface water environment quality evaluation method (trial) issued by the original environmental protection department as follows.
Figure BDA0002561454540000153
Figure BDA0002561454540000161
(2) Determining the evaluation standard of the total phosphorus water quality of each level of the reservoir in the evaluation period, namely the upper limit of the total phosphorus content of each level of water quality, according to the operation data, the comprehensive nutrition state index, the evaluation standards of all levels of water quality in the previous period, and the evaluation standards of river flow patterns and lake reservoir water quality of each level of the reservoir to be evaluated, which are obtained in the step (1), and specifically comprising the following steps:
the evaluation result shows that the reservoir is not eutrophicated, the water quality target is class III water quality, the corresponding comprehensive nutrition state index threshold value is 60, namely TLI (∑) is less than or equal to 60, and Sr is determined according to the evaluation standard of determining river type and lake and reservoir type total phosphorus by GB3838-2002iAnd Sli. And calculating the water quality evaluation standard of the reservoir according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002561454540000162
the calculation results are shown in the following table (unit: mg/L):
Figure BDA0002561454540000163
(3) and (3) for each evaluation period, determining the total phosphorus water quality level of the cylinder type reservoir in the period according to the total phosphorus content in the period obtained in the step (1) and the total phosphorus evaluation standard of each level in the evaluation period determined in the step (2), namely the total phosphorus content limit value of each level of water quality, and according to the range of the evaluation standard in which the total phosphorus content in the period falls.
The reservoir total phosphorus was evaluated according to the above table, and the evaluation results are shown in the following table.
Reservoir 1 actual measurement water quality data and comprehensive nutrition state evaluation thereof
Figure BDA0002561454540000171
For comparison, the total phosphorus evaluation results according to the lake and reservoir type evaluation and the river type evaluation and the total phosphorus water quality evaluation results corresponding to the diversion river are listed in the table above. As can be seen from the table, according to the lake and reservoir type total phosphorus standard, the water quality evaluation results in 1 month and 4 months are in the V type, and the water quality evaluation results in other months do not exceed the standard. According to the river type total phosphorus standard, the standard does not exceed the standard in 1-12 months. And the water quality of the corresponding diversion river channel is 4, 8 and 9 total phosphorus exceeding the III-class water quality standard. According to the evaluation method provided by the invention, in 2019, the water quality of the reservoir in 1 month and 4 months is class IV, the water quality of other months does not exceed the standard, and after the influence of the difference of the river pattern and lake reservoir type water quality evaluation standards is integrated, the water quality of the reservoir still exceeds the standard, which indicates that an obvious pollution source exists in the water collection range of the reservoir or the total phosphorus of the river water introduced through a river channel exceeds the standard.
Actual investigation shows that the water quality of the river channel from the water diversion source in 1 month in 2019 meets the class III standard of surface water, so that the main reason that the water quality in 1 month of the reservoir exceeds standard is the non-point source pollution of the reservoir, further investigation shows that agricultural production activities mainly for planting litchi exist in the water collection range of the reservoir, and the fertilizing time is mainly 12-1 month and 6-7 months in the previous year. The previous 12-1 months of the year belong to a dry season, the rainfall is less, the total phosphorus pollution from the chemical fertilizer after rainwater washes the forest land cannot be effectively diluted, and if the time period is evaluated only according to river type total phosphorus standards, the water quality does not exceed the standard, the non-point source pollution in the water collection range of the reservoir cannot be effectively identified, and pollution prevention and control and water quality protection are not facilitated. And 6-7 months of the reservoir belong to a water-rich period, and the fertilizer can be washed to cause non-point source warehousing, but the non-point source pollution is effectively diluted due to large rainfall, so that the total phosphorus pollution is not generated in 6-7 months. In addition, the water quality of the diversion riverway in 2019 in months 4 and 8 is in a V type, the water is not diverted in the reservoir in month 8, and the water quality of the reservoir does not exceed the standard. The water quality of the reservoir exceeds the standard after the water is introduced for 4 months, but the water produced by the reservoir and the stored water amount have the diluting effect on the water quality introduced by the river channel, and if the water quality is evaluated to be V-type according to the lake and reservoir type total phosphorus standard, the diluting effect of the water amount of the reservoir on pollutants introduced by the river channel cannot be reflected. In conclusion, by adopting the method, the water quality of the reservoir can be evaluated more objectively, the dispute existing in the water tank type reservoir during the evaluation of the total phosphorus in the water quality can be solved, the contribution rate of pollution sources at the upstream and the periphery of the reservoir and the introduction of the water quantity of the river can be scientifically analyzed, the cause of the exceeding of the total phosphorus in the reservoir can be effectively identified, the diluting effect of the water produced by the reservoir and the stored water quantity on the water quality introduced by the river can be reflected, and the good technical method is provided for the evaluation, the pollution prevention and control and the protection of the water quality of the reservoir.
Example 2
The reservoir 2 is an emergency spare water source of a certain town in a certain city, and the main function of the reservoir is to store the river water for emergency water supply. The reservoir belongs to a small (I) type reservoir, and the total reservoir capacity is 859 km3Xingli library capacity 631 ten thousand meters3The dead storage capacity is 23 km3Water collecting area 14.12km2. The water quality target is class III.
(1) Recording the operation data of the reservoir to be evaluated in the evaluation period to be evaluated according to the evaluation period, wherein the operation data comprises the following steps: evaluating the final water storage amount of the period, the passenger water amount introduced into the reservoir in the evaluation period, evaluating the self-produced water amount of the reservoir in the evaluation period, and measuring the total phosphorus content and the nutritional state evaluation index of the water tank type reservoir in the current period according to the evaluation period;
because infiltration data are difficult to obtain, the embodiment adopts actual measurement rainfall data and runoff coefficients to calculate the self-produced water quantity of the reservoir. According to rainfall and evaporation data provided by the China meteorological data network, the rainfall of a representative observation station around the reservoir is counted, and is shown in the following table. In 2019, the rainfall capacity of the station is 2078.5mm, and the runoff rate of the reservoir, namely the water yield of the reservoir, is 1533.68 km according to the multi-year runoff coefficient of the reservoir3。
The rainfall statistics for the reservoir 2 representative station are as follows:
type (B) 1 month 2 month 3 month 4 month Month 5 6 month 7 month 8 month 9 month 10 month 11 month 12 month
Amount of rainfall 121 3.5 54 114 127 454.5 143 553 413.5 39.5 47.5 8
Runoff rate 89.28 2.58 39.85 84.12 93.71 335.37 105.52 408.05 305.11 29.15 35.05 5.90
Through on-site research and data collection, the basic data of the reservoir 2 in 2019 years such as monthly water storage capacity, water diversion capacity, water supply capacity and the like of the reservoir 2 are as follows (unit: ten thousand meters)3) As shown.
Figure BDA0002561454540000191
The monthly water quality monitoring data is shown in the table below. The comprehensive nutritional state index of the lake and the reservoir is calculated according to a surface water environment quality evaluation method (trial) issued by the original environmental protection department as follows.
Date of sampling Chlorophyll a Total phosphorus Total nitrogen Transparency Permanganate index Index of comprehensive nutritional status Grade of nutritional status
2019/1/9 2 0.04 0.67 90 0.85 17.90 Oligotrophic factor
2019/2/24 7 0.06 2.54 60 1.78 31.85 Nutrient for middle energizer
2019/3/12 5 0.01 0.92 70 1.67 21.47 Oligotrophic factor
2019/4/22 3 0.15 0.92 40 3.6 34.00 Nutrient for middle energizer
2019/5/14 3.24 0.06 0.52 70 1.78 24.26 Oligotrophic factor
2019/6/20 2 0.03 0.82 90 2.12 22.09 Oligotrophic factor
2019/7/23 2 0.06 1.01 70 2.49 26.52 Oligotrophic factor
2019/8/16 2 0.1 0.19 80 2.64 22.82 Oligotrophic factor
2019/9/2 2 0.05 0.46 85 1.53 20.51 Oligotrophic factor
2019/10/17 2 0.06 0.88 80 2.18 24.98 Oligotrophic factor
2019/11/12 2 0.04 0.4 80 1.65 19.99 Oligotrophic factor
2019/12/10 2 0.04 0.64 70 1.08 19.82 Oligotrophic factor
Mean value of 2019 2.85 0.06 0.83 73.75 1.95 25.49 Oligotrophic factor
(2) Determining the evaluation standard of the total phosphorus water quality of each level of the reservoir in the evaluation period, namely the upper limit of the total phosphorus content of each level of water quality, according to the operation data, the nutrition state evaluation index, the water quality evaluation standards of each level in the previous period, the river flow pattern and the lake-reservoir type water quality evaluation standard of the reservoir to be evaluated in the evaluation period to be obtained in the step (1), and specifically as follows:
the evaluation result shows that the reservoir is not eutrophicated, the water quality target is class III water quality, the corresponding comprehensive nutrition state index threshold value is 60, namely TLI (∑) is less than or equal to 60, and Sr is determined according to the evaluation standard of determining river type and lake and reservoir type total phosphorus by GB3838-2002iAnd Sli. And calculating the water quality evaluation standard of the reservoir according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002561454540000192
the calculation results are shown in the following table (unit: mg/L):
Figure BDA0002561454540000193
Figure BDA0002561454540000201
(3) and (3) for each evaluation period, determining the total phosphorus water quality level of the cylinder type reservoir in the period according to the total phosphorus content in the period obtained in the step (1) and the total phosphorus evaluation standard of each level in the evaluation period determined in the step (2) and the range of the evaluation standard in which the total phosphorus content in the period falls.
The reservoir total phosphorus was evaluated according to the above table, and the evaluation results are shown in the following table.
Reservoir 2 actual measurement water quality data and comprehensive nutrition state evaluation thereof
Figure BDA0002561454540000202
For comparison, the total phosphorus evaluation results according to the lake and reservoir type evaluation and the river type evaluation and the total phosphorus water quality evaluation results corresponding to the diversion river are listed in the above. The evaluation result shows that if the water quality of the reservoir 2 is evaluated according to the lake-reservoir type water quality, the monthly total phosphorus water quality exceeds the III-type water quality standard in 2 months, 4 months, 5 months, 7 months, 8 months and 10 months and the annual average value, and the comparison shows that the total phosphorus in 4 months and 9 months of the total phosphorus water quality of the diversion river exceeds the standard, which indicates that the total phosphorus pollution is caused by the pollution source of the reservoir in 2 months, 5 months, 7 months, 8 months and 10 months. Through on-site investigation and remote sensing image analysis, the land utilization type of the water collection range of the reservoir 2 is forest land, water surface and hydraulic construction land, other construction land does not exist, the water collection range of the reservoir belongs to an original ecological forest according to the feedback of local water affair and ecological environment departments, the situation of agricultural planting does not exist, pollution sources such as industry and life do not exist, and the evaluation result contradicts with the evaluation result. If the average values of 1-12 months and years in 2019 meet the surface water III standard according to river type total phosphorus water quality evaluation, the total phosphorus of diversion river channels in months 4 and 9 exceeds the standard, and 100 ten-thousand-meter water is diverted from the river channels in months 4 and 8 particularly3And 62 km3And the evaluation result cannot effectively reflect the influence of the total phosphorus water mass of the diversion river on the reservoir. According to the method provided by the invention, the water quality in the 4 th month and the 8 th month in 2019 is IV type, other months do not exceed the standard, the result can effectively reflect the influence of the water diversion water quality of the 4 th month and the 8 th month river channel on the reservoir 2, and the condition that the pollution source exists in the water collection range of the reservoir is wrongly judged by standard oversize cannot be causedThe situation is. In conclusion, the method provided by the invention has feasibility and rationality, and is suitable for evaluating the total phosphorus of the water quality of the novel water cylinder type reservoir.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for evaluating the total phosphorus water quality level of a water tank type reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) recording the operation data of the reservoir to be evaluated in the evaluation period to be evaluated according to the evaluation period, wherein the operation data comprises the following steps: evaluating the final water storage amount of the period, the passenger water amount introduced into the reservoir in the evaluation period and the self-produced water amount of the reservoir in the evaluation period, and determining the total phosphorus content and the nutritional state evaluation index of the water tank type reservoir in the current period according to the evaluation period;
(2) calculating a comprehensive nutritional state index according to the operation data of the reservoir to be evaluated in the evaluation period to be evaluated, the nutritional state evaluation index, the water quality evaluation standards of all levels in the previous period and the river flow pattern and lake reservoir type water quality evaluation standards of all levels obtained in the step (1), and determining the evaluation standard of the total phosphorus water quality of all levels of the reservoir in the evaluation period;
the evaluation standard for determining the total phosphorus water quality of each level of the reservoir in the evaluation period is as follows:
for the t period, the evaluation standard of the ith grade total phosphorus water quality
Figure FDA0002561454530000011
The method is determined according to the following method, wherein the general evaluation period is a natural month, so that t is 1-12, and the water quality grade is I-V:
Figure FDA0002561454530000012
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002561454530000013
the evaluation standard of the water quality grade of the total phosphorus of the water tank type reservoir of the ith grade of the current evaluation period is mg/L;
Figure FDA0002561454530000014
the evaluation standard of the water quality grade of the total phosphorus of the water tank type reservoir of the ith grade in the last evaluation period is mg/L; sliThe evaluation standard of the ith-level lake-reservoir type total phosphorus is mg/L; sriThe evaluation standard of the i-level river flow pattern total phosphorus is mg/L; wt-1For the last evaluation period, ten thousand meters of the water storage capacity of the water tank type reservoir3；WGo into tIntroducing the water capacity of ten thousand meters into the reservoir for the current evaluation period3；Wt-1、WGo into tActual reservoir dispatching data can be obtained through monthly measurement for reservoir operation data; PEItIs the self-produced water amount of the current evaluation period of ten thousand meters3。
(3) And (3) for each evaluation period, according to the total phosphorus content in the period obtained in the step (1), the evaluation standard of each grade in the evaluation period determined in the step (2) and the total phosphorus content limit value of each grade of water quality, and according to the range of the evaluation standard in which the total phosphorus content in the period falls, determining the total phosphorus water quality grade of the cylinder type reservoir in the period.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the self-produced PEI is the total phosphorus quality level of the current evaluation periodtThe calculation is carried out according to the following method:
PEIt＝Pt-Et-It
wherein, PtFor the amount of rainfall in the tth evaluation period, ten thousand meters3；EtEvaluation of cycle evaporative loss for the t-th3；ItFor evaluation of cycle leakage loss, ten thousand m3；Pt、EtCan be calculated by adopting the existing meteorological station in the drainage basin, ItCan be obtained by actual measurement.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the rainfall P in the tth evaluation period istEvaluation period evaporation loss EtAll the leakage loss can be calculated by using the existing meteorological station in the drainage basin, and the t th evaluation period is the leakage loss ItCan be obtained by actual measurement.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the self-produced PEI is the total phosphorus quality level of the current evaluation periodtIt can also be calculated as follows:
PEIt＝αPt
wherein, PtFor the amount of rainfall in the tth evaluation period, ten thousand meters3α is runoff coefficient, which can be obtained by area actual measurement or estimated according to basin experience data.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the evaluation criteria of the ith grade of the initial total phosphorus water quality of the water tank type reservoir is
Figure FDA0002561454530000021
The determination method of (2) is as follows:
Figure FDA0002561454530000022
wherein, W0 is addedTen thousand meters of passenger water is always introduced into the reservoir in the last year of the reservoir3；SliThe evaluation standard of the i-th-grade lake-reservoir type total phosphorus is mg/L; sriThe evaluation standard of the i-th level river flow pattern total phosphorus is mg/L; PEI0Ten thousand meters of water is always introduced into the reservoir in the last year in order to start the self-produced water of the reservoir3And the method can be used for measurement and acquisition in a reservoir basin.
6. The method for evaluating the total phosphorus water quality level of the water vat type reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (2) is specifically as follows:
evaluation criterion Sl of i-th-grade lake-reservoir type total phosphorusiAnd evaluation criterion Sl of i-th grade river type total phosphorusiThe method comprises the following steps:
when the comprehensive nutritional state index does not exceed the comprehensive nutritional state index threshold corresponding to the water quality target, the evaluation standard Sl of the ith-level lake-reservoir type total phosphorusiAnd evaluation criterion Sr of i-th grade river type total phosphorusiThe evaluation standard of total phosphorus of lake reservoir type and river type in GB 3838-2002; otherwise:
evaluation criterion Sl of i-th-grade lake-reservoir type total phosphorusiIs the evaluation standard of lake and reservoir type total phosphorus in GB3838-2002 and the evaluation standard Sr of river type total phosphorusiMore stringent standards are used than GB 3838-2002.
7. The method for evaluating the total phosphorus water quality level of the water vat type reservoir as claimed in claim 6, wherein when the comprehensive nutritional state index exceeds the comprehensive nutritional state index threshold, the total phosphorus concentration corresponding to the comprehensive nutritional state threshold of each level is used as the evaluation standard of the river-type total phosphorus of each level.
8. The method for evaluating the total phosphorus water quality level of the water vat type reservoir as claimed in claim 6, wherein the comprehensive nutritional state index threshold is determined according to the comprehensive nutritional state index standard of the water functional use and the water quality target requirement of the water vat type reservoir.
9. The utility model provides a water jar type reservoir total phosphorus water quality grade evaluation system which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a reservoir data acquisition module, an evaluation standard determination module and an evaluation module;
the reservoir data acquisition module is used for acquiring the running data of the reservoir to be evaluated in the evaluation period to be evaluated, which is recorded according to the evaluation period, and comprises the following steps: evaluating the final water storage amount of the period, the passenger water amount introduced into the reservoir in the evaluation period, evaluating the self-produced water amount of the reservoir in the evaluation period, and measuring the total phosphorus content and the nutritional state evaluation index of the water tank type reservoir in the current period according to the evaluation period;
the evaluation standard determining module is used for calculating a comprehensive nutrition state index according to the running data of the reservoir to be evaluated in the evaluation period to be evaluated, the nutrition state evaluation index, the evaluation standards of the water quality of each level in the previous period and the evaluation standards of the water quality of each level of river flow type and lake reservoir type, which are obtained by the reservoir data acquisition module, and determining the evaluation standard of the total phosphorus water quality of each level of the reservoir in the evaluation period, namely the total phosphorus content upper limit of the water quality of each level;
the evaluation standard for determining the total phosphorus water quality of each level of the reservoir in the evaluation period is as follows:
for the t period, the evaluation standard of the ith grade total phosphorus water quality
Figure FDA0002561454530000031
The method is determined according to the following method, wherein the general evaluation period is a natural month, so that t is 1-12, and the water quality grade is I-V according to GB 3838-2002:
Figure FDA0002561454530000041
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002561454530000042
the evaluation standard of the water quality grade of the total phosphorus of the water tank type reservoir of the ith grade of the current evaluation period is mg/L;
Figure FDA0002561454530000043
the evaluation standard of the water quality grade of the total phosphorus of the water tank type reservoir of the ith grade in the last evaluation period is mg/L; sliThe evaluation standard of the ith-level lake-reservoir type total phosphorus is mg/L; sriThe evaluation standard of the i-level river flow pattern total phosphorus is mg/L; wt-1For the last evaluation period, ten thousand meters of the water storage capacity of the water tank type reservoir3；WGo into tIntroducing the water capacity of ten thousand meters into the reservoir for the current evaluation period3，Wt-1、WGo into tActual reservoir dispatching data can be obtained through monthly measurement for reservoir operation data; PEItThe self-produced water amount for the current evaluation period is calculated according to the following method:
PEIt＝Pt-Et-It＝αPt
wherein, PtFor the amount of rainfall in the tth evaluation period, ten thousand meters3；EtEvaluation of cycle evaporative loss for the t-th3；ItFor evaluation of cycle leakage loss, ten thousand m3；Pt、EtThe existing meteorological site in the basin can be adopted for calculation, α is the runoff coefficient, PEItRainfall, evaporation and infiltration which are monitored by existing meteorological sites in the drainage basin can be calculated, and when data are insufficient, the runoff coefficient α can be used for estimation.
Evaluation standard of ith grade of initial total phosphorus water quality of water tank type reservoir
Figure FDA0002561454530000044
The determination method of (2) is as follows:
Figure FDA0002561454530000045
wherein, W0 is addedTen thousand meters of passenger water is always introduced into the reservoir in the last year of the reservoir3；SliThe evaluation standard of the i-th-grade lake-reservoir type total phosphorus is mg/L; sriThe evaluation standard of the i-th level river flow pattern total phosphorus is mg/L; PEI0Ten thousand meters of water is always introduced into the reservoir in the last year in order to start the self-produced water of the reservoir3(ii) a The method can be calculated by using the monitoring data in the drainage basin.
Evaluation criterion Sl of i-th-grade lake-reservoir type total phosphorusiAnd evaluation criterion Sr of i-th grade river type total phosphorusiThe method comprises the following steps:
when the comprehensive nutritional state index does not exceed the comprehensive nutritional state index threshold corresponding to the water quality target, the evaluation standard Sl of the ith-level lake-reservoir type total phosphorusiAnd evaluation criterion Sr of i-th grade river type total phosphorusiThe evaluation standard of total phosphorus of lake reservoir type and river type in GB 3838-2002; otherwise, when the index of comprehensive nutrition state exceeds the water qualityEvaluation standard Sl of i-th-grade lake-reservoir type total phosphorus at comprehensive nutritional state index threshold value corresponding to targetiIs the evaluation standard of lake and reservoir type total phosphorus in GB3838-2002 and the evaluation standard Sr of river type total phosphorusiMore stringent standards than GB3838-2002 may be used.
And the evaluation module is used for determining the total phosphorus water quality level of the cylinder type reservoir in the period according to the total phosphorus content in the period obtained by the reservoir data acquisition module and the total phosphorus evaluation standard of each level in the evaluation period determined by the evaluation standard determination module and according to the range of the evaluation standard in which the total phosphorus content in the period falls.
10. The system for evaluating total phosphorus water quality level of a water vat type reservoir of claim 9, wherein said comprehensive nutrient status index threshold is determined according to comprehensive nutrient status index standard required by water functional use and water quality target of the water vat type reservoir.
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