CN111652472A - Method for solving compensation benefits of watershed cascade hydropower station group and distributing benefits - Google Patents
Method for solving compensation benefits of watershed cascade hydropower station group and distributing benefits Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compensation benefit solving and benefit distributing method suitable for a watershed cascade hydropower station group. And providing a solution idea for obtaining the compensation benefits of any beneficial power station in the watershed cascade to each downstream power station. Determining an objective function based on a solving train of thought, determining constraint conditions by combining with the actual dispatching condition of the basin, determining a solving algorithm, and establishing a basin step compensation benefit model. And obtaining pairwise relations of compensation benefits between the beneficial power stations and the downstream power stations through model calculation. A compensation benefit distribution method aiming at the situation that a plurality of beneficial power stations exist in the cascade is established on the basis of the TOPSIS theory. The invention provides a solution idea for obtaining the compensation benefit of any beneficial power station of the cascade hydropower station group, the proposed benefit distribution method takes an approximate ideal value as an optimal solution, the starting point of pursuing the benefit maximization of each main body is met, the calculation result is comprehensive, and the distribution method is scientific, reasonable and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of compensation of benefits of a watershed cascade hydropower station group in the water conservancy and power industry, in particular to a method for solving compensation benefits and distributing benefits of a watershed cascade arbitrary beneficial power station to a downstream power station.
Background
The hydropower development of China forms a 'watershed, cascade, rolling and comprehensive' development mode, such as a Changjiang river cascade, a Wujiang river cascade, a yellow river cascade, a lancang river cascade and the like. The cascade development mode of the hydropower station enables the compensation relation between the hydropower stations to be more complex, and the faucet hydropower station and other power stations with better regulation performance in the upstream area utilize the advantage of storage capacity to block water storage capacity in order to meet the requirements of power generation, irrigation, shipping, ecology and the like in the downstream area, so that the improvement of the comprehensive benefits of the drainage area is quite considerable, but the benefits of the drainage area need to be sacrificed to a certain extent. At present, no effective compensation mechanism exists for the loss of the upstream beneficial power station, which undoubtedly strikes the enthusiasm of the power station to be built and is not beneficial to the rolling development of the cascade hydropower station.
The method is mature, provides a full theoretical basis for quantitatively calculating the compensation benefit of the faucet power station to the downstream power station, but has little research on how other power stations with better adjusting performance compensate the downstream power station in a drainage basin, and the commonly used compensation benefit sub-formula method at present has short plates, so that the compensation mechanism has great difficulty in landing.
The existing compensation benefit calculation and distribution problem research content is as follows: 1. considering constraint conditions such as water balance, reservoir level, final water level control, power generation flow, outlet flow, power station output and the like, establishing a long-series optimized dispatching model with the maximum power generation amount as a target, and taking the power generation amount difference of a downstream power station with or without a leading power station as the compensation benefit of the leading power station; 2. the compensation benefit distribution method proposed at present mainly comprises a proportional distribution method (such as a 5:5 distribution method and a 7:3 distribution method), a single index method (such as a method of adjusting the storage capacity, a method of installing the machine capacity, a method of ensuring the output power and an annual power generation amount), a comprehensive index method (such as a comprehensive analysis method, a dispersion method and an entropy weight method) and the like.
The problems of the existing research contents are as follows: in the content 1, only conventional influence factors of optimized dispatching of the power station are considered, the actual situation of dispatching is not combined, and only a solution thought of compensation benefits of the leading power station is provided, but other power stations with better regulation performance in a basin cascade also play an important role, and how to solve the compensation benefits of the other power stations with better regulation performance except the leading power station is not known; the compensation benefit distribution methods listed in the content 2 have advantages and disadvantages, and in actual operation, the following problems mainly exist: the proportional allocation method is not deeply researched, lacks a theoretical basis, and is easy to cover key factors influencing compensation benefit allocation. Secondly, the single index method has one-sidedness, results of different selected indexes are greatly different, and no absolute index can represent the benefits of all power stations. The subjective comprehensive analysis method is evaluated by experts, has great subjectivity and is easy to be questioned by all parties; the mean value of the distribution results is considered as the optimal distribution result by the dispersion method, the larger the index deviation is, the less ideal the index deviation is, the worse the importance is, and the actual requirement is not met; the larger the entropy weight of the defined index of the entropy weight method (the larger the distribution result distinction degree), the better the distribution effect, but the most disordered distribution result does not represent the more ideal the method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a method for solving the compensation benefits of any beneficial power station in the drainage basin cascade to the downstream power stations, which is reasonable in design and can give consideration to multiple factors according to the calculation result.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: a compensation benefit solving and benefit distribution method for a watershed cascade hydropower station group is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining a solution thought of the compensation benefit of any beneficial power station of the drainage basin cascade;
step 2: determining an objective function of a compensation benefit model of the watershed cascade power station by combining a solution thought of the compensation benefit, and determining a constraint condition and a solution algorithm of the model;
and step 3: the method is characterized in that a traditional distribution method is comprehensively considered based on the TOPSIS theory, and a compensation benefit distribution method aiming at the situation that a plurality of benefit-applying power stations exist in the cascade is established.
And (4) obtaining the compensation benefits of all the beneficial power stations of the cascade to each downstream power station through the solution thought in the step 1. Assuming that n utility power stations (power stations capable of compensating for the downstream are regarded as utility power stations) coexist in the drainage basin, a is set from upstream to downstream1,a2,...,anWherein a is1Is a basin faucet power station. The compensation benefit of the beneficial power station to the downstream power stations is recorded (…)*If the compensation benefit of a plurality of beneficial power stations is included, the power station is arranged (…)*Internally, and spaced. The power generation of the power station participating in the joint debugging is denoted by (…) ', the different power stations are denoted by (…)' and are separated, wherein the power station with/shows that the power generation of the power station does not participate in the formula calculation although the power generation of the power station participates in the joint debugging. The process of solving the compensation benefit of each beneficial power station is as follows:
s1, solving a tap power station a1The compensation benefit of the method is that the concept of existence with higher acceptance in the industry is adopted, namely the difference of the generated energy of other power stations under the condition that the leading power station participates in the cascade adjustment and the non-leading power station participates in the cascade adjustment is regarded as the compensation benefit of the leading power station to the downstream power station;
wherein, the corresponding subtraction of the generated energy of the same power station in the two joint debugging is a1The compensation benefit for the plant; (…)' only listing beneficial power stations, and the rest power stations only having beneficial attributes participate in cascade joint debugging by default, are not listed in a formula, but need to participate in calculation, and the same is carried out in the following;
s2, solving the 2 nd beneficial power station a from upstream2A compensation effect of2A upstream thereof1Regarding the whole body, then solving a according to the method of' existence or nonexistence of the whole body1、a2The total compensation benefit to the downstream plant, i.e. a1、a2The compensation benefit to the downstream power station is equal to a1、a2Subtracting a from the generated energy of the downstream power station when participating in joint regulation1、a2Participating in joint timing of the power generation of the downstream power station; thus, a has been obtained1And a2The total compensation efficiency of the downstream power plant as a whole, and a obtained in step S11The compensation benefit of the downstream power station is independently obtained, and the difference between the two is a2For the compensation benefit of the downstream power station, the solving steps are as follows:
first solve for a1、a2The total compensation benefit is as follows:
a is to1、a2A whole and a1The compensation benefit alone is poor:
in the formula (3), the solution value is a2The compensation benefit of each power station at the downstream, but not the total compensation benefit of the cascade, can be simplified by the formula to obtain:
wherein, the corresponding subtraction of the generated energy of the same power station in the two joint debugging is a2The compensation benefit for the plant;
s3, analogizing in sequence, respectively solving the compensation benefits of the beneficial power stations one by one from upstream to downstream, and when the ith beneficial power station a is solvediWhen the compensation efficiency is obtained, the steps are as follows:
in the simplified formula, the corresponding subtraction of the generated energy of the same power station in the two joint adjustments is aiThe compensation benefit for the plant.
Constructing a compensation benefit model of the cascade hydropower station in the flow field, wherein the construction comprises determining an objective function, determining constraint conditions of the model and solving an algorithm;
s1, determining a target function: combining a solution thought of compensation benefits of the watershed hydropower station group, wherein the compensation benefits of the beneficial power station are mainly obtained by the difference of the average power generation of the downstream power station affected by the beneficial power station for many years and the average power generation of the downstream power station not affected by the beneficial power station for many years; the two parts of electric quantity can be obtained by solving a maximum model of the annual average generated energy of the cascade power station respectively, and the two parts of electric quantity are different from whether a beneficial power station participates in cascade joint scheduling or not, wherein the beneficial power station can be a single power station or a plurality of power stations;
wherein CB (compensation Benefits) is compensation benefit generated by a beneficial power station, kW.h; eacThe method is a multi-year average power generation (including a power station for construction and benefit) of a drainage basin cascade power station, and the power generation is kW.h; ebcThe method is a drainage basin cascade power station which has average power generation capacity for many years (does not contain a power station for benefiting), kW.h; t is the number of time periods contained in the long series scheduling cycle, and the project takes months as the scheduling time period; m is the total number of the power station; m is a power station number, wherein 1 is a benefit power station number; t is the time period (month) number; p and p' are respectively whether the beneficial power station participates inThe average output in unit time interval (month) of each power station during the cascade joint dispatching, kW; p is a radical ofm,tThe average output in the mth time period of the power station m is kW; Δ thHours per unit time period, h;
s2, determining a model constraint condition: the compensation benefit model equality and inequality constraint conditions of the watershed cascade power station comprise: water quantity balance, reservoir water level constraint, final water level control, power generation flow constraint, outlet flow constraint, power station output constraint and non-negative constraint; when each constraint condition is determined, a cascade energy storage control strategy of a key time node in the actual dispatching process of a basin and the peak capacity of a cascade power station meeting the dispatching requirement of a power grid need to be researched in a combined manner;
s3, determining a solving algorithm: aiming at the situation that the number of power stations is large in watershed steps considered by the invention, the hydropower optimization scheduling model is preferably solved by adopting a stepwise optimization algorithm (POA), and the sub-problems in each time period are gradually optimized by combining a state density-by-density Discrete Differential Dynamic Programming (DDDP) and a successive approximation algorithm (DPSA).
According to the above, the compensation benefits of all beneficial power stations to the power stations at the downstream are obtained, namely the pairwise relationship of the compensation benefits between the beneficial power stations and the beneficial power stations is clear. The invention takes the traditional distribution methods such as a proportion distribution method, a single index method, a comprehensive index method and the like into comprehensive consideration based on the TOPSIS theory, and directly distributes among power stations which are applied and benefited, thereby avoiding the defects of each method and avoiding the bias of a single method for judging results.
TOPSIS is called a 'sorting method approaching to ideal value' in its main principle: firstly, determining a positive ideal solution and a negative ideal solution of the evaluation objects, wherein the positive ideal solution refers to a vector formed by the optimal values of all indexes in all the evaluation objects, and the negative ideal solution is a vector formed by the worst values of all the indexes in all the evaluation objects. And then calculating Euclidean distance between each rating object and the two solutions, and finally calculating the relative closeness degree of each rating object to an ideal solution, and ranking the evaluation according to the goodness and the badness. When the relative closeness value is larger, the evaluation object is better, otherwise, the evaluation object is not optimal. The TOPSIS theory is applied to the compensation benefit distribution field, the relative degree of closeness of the evaluation index is used as the relative satisfaction degree of the evaluation object to the index, the relative weight is calculated according to the relative satisfaction degree, and the compensation benefit is distributed through the relative weight.
And 3, selecting a calculation result of the traditional compensation benefit distribution method as an evaluation index, applying the TOPSIS theory to assign weights to the evaluation indexes, and comprehensively considering to obtain a benefit distribution result based on the TOPSIS theory.
S1, selecting a plurality of traditional allocation methods to allocate the compensation benefits after the joint scheduling, wherein the commonly used traditional allocation methods comprise the following steps: 5 distribution method, single index method, comprehensive analysis method, dispersion method, entropy weight method, etc., wherein m distribution methods are assumed to be selected and distributed among 2 subjects for applying benefit and benefiting benefit to form a benefit matrix Xm×2，xijRepresents the compensation benefit obtained by the power generating main body j (j ═ 1,2) in the ith distribution method;
s2, determining a positive ideal solution X+＝(x1 +,x2 +)，
Represents the maximum value that the power station j can be distributed to in all distribution schemes; determining a negative ideal solution X-＝(x1 -,x2 -)，
Represents the minimum value that the power station j can be distributed to in all distribution schemes; calculating the distance between each traditional method and the positive ideal solution and the negative ideal solution, and establishing a proximity function between each traditional method and the optimal scheme:
Ciindicating the proximity of the evaluation object to the assignment scheme i, Di +To assign the proximity of method i to the positive ideal solution, Di -The closeness of the distribution method i to the negative ideal solution;
and finally, endowing each distribution method with a weight according to the proximity function:
the compensation benefits finally obtained by each power station are as follows:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. the compensation benefit relation between all beneficial power stations and the power stations at the downstream of the beneficial power stations in the watershed cascade can be obtained through the solution idea of the compensation benefit, the calculation result is comprehensive, the compensation relation is very clear, and the main influence range of the compensation benefit of the beneficial power stations and the occupation ratio of different beneficial power stations at the upstream of the beneficial power station to the increase of the power generation quantity of the beneficial power stations can be determined.
2. Because the compensation relation between the beneficial power station and the beneficial power station is clear, when the method adopts the conventional method for distribution, the proportion is determined only by considering the parameters of the beneficial power station and the beneficial power station. According to the principle of compensating the source of the benefit and returning to the source, the benefit distribution is only carried out in the power station and the receiving station. The weights given to different distribution methods based on the TOPSIS theory are approximate to ideal values to serve as optimal solutions, and the method meets the fundamental starting point of pursuing the maximization of the benefit of each subject.
3. The compensation benefit model of the watershed cascade power station considers cascade practical scheduling strategies, including a cascade energy storage control strategy of a key time node and the peak capacity of the cascade power station meeting the scheduling requirement of a power grid, so that the calculation result is more consistent with the actual scheduling condition, and the solution of the model is a mixed algorithm combining a gradual optimization algorithm, state density-by-density discrete differential dynamic programming and a successive approximation algorithm, so that the solution efficiency of a long series model is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a topology structure of a dry flow cascade hydropower station group in a wujiang basin as a research object in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of an idea process of the solution of compensation benefits of a wujiang main flow ten-stage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a structural framework diagram of the optimal scheduling model solution algorithm of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Examples are given.
The present embodiment takes the tandem power station of wujiang river (fig. 1) as a research object to discuss the implementation process of the present invention (fig. 2). The Wujiang dry flow comprises seven power stations of Hongkaidu (flood), Dongfeng (east), Sofengying (cable), Wujiang river (Wu), paper beach (structure), Silin (Si) and Shatuo (sand) in the district of Hua Feng in Guizhou section, and three power stations of Pengshui (Peng), silver disk (silver) and white horse (white) in the district of Datang in the Chongqing section at the downstream. The power stations are regulated daily, the regulation capacity is weak, a constant water level operation mode is usually adopted in long-term scheduling, and the power stations are considered to have beneficial attributes in the embodiment; flood, east, black, structure and Peng are power stations with better regulation performance in the cascade power station, namely power stations beneficial to the industry, the solution thought for solving the compensation benefits of the five power stations to each power station at the downstream is shown in a figure 3, and the simplified solution formula is shown in a table 1:
TABLE 1 simplified calculation formula for compensation benefit of power station
The default daily regulation power stations are all involved in cascade joint regulation, two rows of power generation capacity are listed as power stations involved in joint regulation, compensation benefits are calculated only by considering the downstream power station of the power station for benefiting, and the corresponding subtraction of the power generation capacities of the same power station in the two times of joint regulation in the downstream power station is the compensation benefits of the power station for benefiting.
By observing the simplified calculation formula in table 1, it can be found that the following 6 power station combinations need to be calculated to calculate the power generation amount of each power station when participating in ladder cascade regulation when obtaining the compensation benefit of five beneficial power stations of the wujiang mains flow.
(a) Suo, si, sha, yin, and bai;
(b) soxhlet, Si, Sha, Peng, Yin, and Bai;
(c) soxhlet, Broussonetia papyrifera, Sise, sand, Peng, silver and white;
(d) soxhlet, Wu, Shi, Si, Sha, Peng, Yin, and Bai;
(e) east, suo, wu, kui, xi, sha, peng, yin and bai;
(f) hong, Dong, Suo, Wu, Shi, Sha, Peng, Yin and Bai.
And (3) calculating the power generation amount of each power station when the power station combinations (a) to (f) participate in the combined dispatching according to the step monthly runoff data of 1 month to 2017 month in 1960 and 12 months, wherein a structural framework of a solving algorithm of an optimized dispatching model is shown in figure 4. The average power generation of each power station for many years is counted, the result is shown in table 2, the power station combinations participating in joint debugging all comprise daily regulation power station soxhlet camp, thinking, sand tuo, silver disc and white horse, and the first column of the table only lists the season regulation participating in joint debugging and the power stations with the regulation capacity.
Table 2. power generation capacity condition units of the cascaded power plants participating in the joint scheduling under the average condition for many years: hundred million kW.h
| Participating joint dispatching power station | Flood control system | East | Cable | Black-bone black tea | Structure of the organization | Thought of | Sand | Peng (Chinese character of' Peng | Silver (Ag) | White colour (Bai) | Step ladder |
| / | - | - | 19.78 | - | - | 36.74 | 43.95 | - | 25.82 | 15.37 | 141.67 |
| Peng (Chinese character of' Peng | - | - | 19.78 | - | - | 36.74 | 43.95 | 58.73 | 26.05 | 15.50 | 200.75 |
| Configurate and Peng | - | - | 19.78 | - | 87.97 | 39.29 | 46.66 | 61.63 | 27.72 | 16.47 | 299.52 |
| Wu, Shi and Peng | - | - | 19.78 | 38.31 | 89.06 | 39.72 | 47.32 | 62.50 | 28.20 | 16.74 | 341.64 |
| Dong, Wu, Shi and Peng | - | 25.25 | 19.98 | 38.62 | 89.20 | 39.80 | 47.42 | 62.74 | 28.35 | 16.82 | 368.18 |
| Hong, Dong, Wu, Shi and Peng | 13.08 | 28.56 | 21.12 | 40.45 | 91.24 | 40.34 | 48.11 | 64.07 | 29.13 | 17.27 | 393.36 |
The compensation benefit of the Ujiang step beneficial power station to the downstream power station is obtained through the calculation formula in the table 1, and the result is shown in the table 3.
Table 3 annual average increase in power generation units of the benefit-applying power station to the downstream power station: hundred million kW.h
| Power station | East | Cable | Black-bone black tea | Structure of the organization | Thought of | Sand | Peng (Chinese character of' Peng | Silver (Ag) | White colour (Bai) | Sum of |
| Flood control system | 3.31 | 1.14 | 1.83 | 2.04 | 0.54 | 0.68 | 1.33 | 0.79 | 0.45 | 12.10 |
| East | - | 0.20 | 0.31 | 0.13 | 0.08 | 0.10 | 0.24 | 0.15 | 0.09 | 1.29 |
| Black-bone black tea | - | - | - | 1.09 | 0.43 | 0.67 | 0.88 | 0.47 | 0.27 | 3.80 |
| Structure of the organization | - | - | - | - | 2.55 | 2.71 | 2.90 | 1.68 | 0.97 | 10.80 |
| Peng (Chinese character of' Peng | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.23 | 0.13 | 0.36 |
So far, the compensation benefits of flood ferry, east wind, Wujiang river ferry, paper beach and water expansion for all the power stations at the downstream are obtained. The flood ferry is the downstream power station with the total power generation amount of 12.10 hundred million kW.h, the dongfeng is the downstream power station with the total power generation amount of 1.29 hundred million kW.h, the Wujiang ferry is the downstream power station with the total power generation amount of 3.80 hundred million kW.h, the paper beach is the downstream power station with the total power generation amount of 10.80 hundred million kWh.h, and the penning water is the downstream power station with the total power generation amount of 0.36 hundred million kWh. Taking the flood ferry as an example, the following steps are calculation steps of compensation benefit distribution between the flood ferry and the downstream beneficiary power station.
Firstly, a 5:5 distribution method in the traditional compensation benefit distribution method is selected, and compensation benefit distribution results are calculated according to a single index-adjustment storage capacity, a single index-installed capacity, a single index-guarantee output, a single index-generated energy, a comprehensive analysis method, a dispersion method and an entropy weight method, and are shown in a table 4.
Table 4 flood house and benefit power station gained electricity unit under traditional distribution mode: hundred million kW.h
From table 4, according to a 5:5 distribution method, the home-department of flood could obtain 6.05 hundred million kW · h of returned electric power from the downstream benefitting power station, according to the adjusted reservoir capacity home-department of flood could obtain 10.02 hundred million kW · h of returned electric power, according to the installed capacity home-department of flood could obtain 4.44 hundred million kW · h of returned electric power, according to the guaranteed output home-department of flood could obtain 4.37 kW · h of returned electric power, according to the generated electric power home-department of flood could obtain 3.12 hundred million kW · h of returned electric power, according to the comprehensive analysis method, the home-department of flood could obtain 6.39 hundred million kW · h of returned electric power, according to the deviation method, the home-department of flood could obtain 4.60 hundred million kW · h of returned electric power, according to the entropy method home-department of flood could obtain 5.77 hundred million kW.
Selecting the result of the 8 allocation methods as an evaluation index, and forming a positive ideal vector X by the maximum value under the 8 allocation methods+The minimum constituting a negative ideal vector X-Calculating Euclidean distances of different distribution methods and relative closeness degree of ideal vectors, finally determining weight of each distribution method, and performing weighted average calculation to obtain benefits and benefitsThe results of the distribution of the power station are shown in Table 5.
Table 5 flood ferry compensation benefit calculation process units based on TOPSIS theory: hundred million kW.h
From table 5, based on TOPSIS theory, flood home ferry obtains 5.73 hundred million kW · h of downstream returned electric quantity, wherein the return electric quantity of east wind is 1.70 hundred million kW · h, the return electric quantity of sorrow camp is 0.66 hundred million kW · h, the return electric quantity of Wujiang river ferry is 0.78 hundred million kW · h, the return electric quantity of paper-covered beach is 0.57 hundred million kW · h, the return electric quantity of thinking forest is 0.32 hundred million kW · h, the return electric quantity of sand tuo is 0.40 hundred million kW · h, the return electric quantity of penning water is 0.55 hundred million kW · h, the return electric quantity of silver plate is 0.45 hundred million kW · h, and the return electric quantity of white horse is 0.30 hundred million kW · h. So far, the compensation benefit distribution results of the flood ferry and the downstream beneficial power stations are obtained. According to the steps, the compensation benefit distribution relation of the Dongfeng, Wujiang river crossing, the paper beach, the peng water and the downstream power station is sequentially solved, and the compensation benefit and the benefit distribution result of all the beneficial power stations of the Wujiang step to the downstream power station can be obtained. The compensation benefit solving idea provided by the invention has reasonable result and definite meaning, the benefit distribution result based on the TOPSIS theory is between the traditional distribution results, the allocation principle is definite, and the method is easily accepted by each step distribution main body.
Those not described in detail in this specification are well within the skill of the art.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A compensation benefit solving and benefit distribution method for a watershed cascade hydropower station group is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining a solution thought of the compensation benefit of any beneficial power station of the drainage basin cascade;
step 2: determining an objective function of a compensation benefit model of the watershed cascade power station by combining a solution thought of the compensation benefit, and determining a constraint condition and a solution algorithm of the model;
and step 3: the method is characterized in that a traditional distribution method is comprehensively considered based on the TOPSIS theory, and a compensation benefit distribution method aiming at the situation that a plurality of benefit-applying power stations exist in the cascade is established.
2. The watershed cascade hydropower station group compensation benefit solving and benefit distributing method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: obtaining the compensation benefits of all the beneficial power stations of the cascade to each downstream power station through the solution thought in the step 1; assuming that n utility power stations coexist in the drainage basin, a is set from upstream to downstream1,a2,...,anWherein a is1A faucet power station in a basin; the compensation benefit of the beneficial power station to the downstream power stations is recorded (…)*If the compensation benefit of a plurality of beneficial power stations is included, the power station is arranged (…)*Internally with and spaced apart; the power generation capacity of the power station participating in joint debugging is marked as (…) ', different power stations are marked as (…)' and are separated, wherein the power station with/shows that the power generation capacity of the power station does not participate in formula calculation although the power station participates in joint debugging; the process of solving the compensation benefit of each beneficial power station is as follows:
s1, solving a tap power station a1The compensation benefit of the method is that the concept of existence with higher acceptance in the industry is adopted, namely the difference of the generated energy of other power stations under the condition that the leading power station participates in the cascade adjustment and the non-leading power station participates in the cascade adjustment is regarded as the compensation benefit of the leading power station to the downstream power station;
wherein, the corresponding subtraction of the generated energy of the same power station in the two joint debugging is a1The compensation benefit for the plant;
s2, solving from the topTrip to the 2 nd station a2A compensation effect of2A upstream thereof1Regarding the whole body, then solving a according to the method of' existence or nonexistence of the whole body1、a2The total compensation benefit to the downstream plant, i.e. a1、a2The compensation benefit to the downstream power station is equal to a1、a2Subtracting a from the generated energy of the downstream power station when participating in joint regulation1、a2Participating in joint timing of the power generation of the downstream power station; thus, a has been obtained1And a2The total compensation efficiency of the downstream power plant as a whole, and a obtained in step S11The compensation benefit of the downstream power station is independently obtained, and the difference between the two is a2For the compensation benefit of the downstream power station, the solving steps are as follows:
first solve for a1、a2The total compensation benefit is as follows:
a is to1、a2A whole and a1The compensation benefit alone is poor:
in the formula (3), the solution value is a2And simplifying the formula to the compensation benefit of each downstream power station instead of the total cascade compensation benefit to obtain:
wherein, the corresponding subtraction of the generated energy of the same power station in the two joint debugging is a2The compensation benefit for the plant;
s3, analogizing in sequence, respectively solving the compensation benefits of the beneficial power stations one by one from upstream to downstream, and when the ith beneficial power station a is solvediWhen the compensation efficiency is obtained, the steps are as follows:
in the simplified formula, the corresponding subtraction of the generated energy of the same power station in the two joint adjustments is aiThe compensation benefit for the plant.
3. The watershed cascade hydropower station group compensation benefit solving and benefit distributing method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: constructing a compensation benefit model of the cascade hydropower station in the flow field, wherein the construction comprises determining an objective function, determining constraint conditions of the model and solving an algorithm;
s1, determining a target function: combining a solution thought of compensation benefits of the watershed hydropower station group, wherein the compensation benefits of the beneficial power station are mainly obtained by the difference of the average power generation of the downstream power station affected by the beneficial power station for many years and the average power generation of the downstream power station not affected by the beneficial power station for many years; the two parts of electric quantity can be obtained by solving a maximum model of the annual average generated energy of the cascade power station respectively, and the two parts of electric quantity are different from whether a beneficial power station participates in cascade joint scheduling or not, wherein the beneficial power station is a single power station or a plurality of power stations;
wherein CB is compensation benefit generated by a beneficial power station, kW.h; eacThe method is the average power generation capacity, kW.h, of a drainage basin cascade power station for many years; ebcThe method is the average power generation capacity, kW.h, of a drainage basin cascade power station for many years; t is the number of time periods contained in the long series scheduling cycle, and a month is taken as a scheduling time period; m is the total number of the power station; m is a power station number, wherein 1 is a benefit power station number; t is a time interval number; p and p' are respectively the average output of each power station in unit time interval when the beneficial power station participates in the cascade joint dispatching, kW; p is a radical ofm,tThe average output in the mth time period of the power station m is kW; Δ thHours per unit time period, h;
s2, determining a model constraint condition: the compensation benefit model equality and inequality constraint conditions of the watershed cascade power station comprise: water quantity balance, reservoir water level constraint, final water level control, power generation flow constraint, outlet flow constraint, power station output constraint and non-negative constraint; when each constraint condition is determined, a cascade energy storage control strategy for researching key time nodes in the actual dispatching process of the drainage basin and the peak capacity of a cascade power station meeting the dispatching requirement of a power grid are combined;
s3, determining a solving algorithm: aiming at the condition that the number of power stations is large in the considered watershed steps, the hydropower optimization scheduling model is preferably solved by adopting a gradual optimization algorithm, and the sub-problems in each time period are gradually optimized by combining state density-by-density discrete differential dynamic programming and a successive approximation algorithm.
4. The watershed cascade hydropower station group compensation benefit solving and benefit distributing method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: selecting the calculation results of part of the traditional compensation benefit distribution method as evaluation indexes, applying the TOPSIS theory to endow weights to the evaluation indexes, and comprehensively considering to obtain a benefit distribution result based on the TOPSIS theory;
s1, selecting a plurality of traditional allocation methods to allocate the compensation benefits after the joint scheduling, wherein the commonly used traditional allocation methods comprise the following steps: 5 distribution method, single index method, comprehensive analysis method, dispersion method, entropy weight method, etc., wherein m distribution methods are assumed to be selected and distributed among 2 subjects for applying benefit and benefiting benefit to form a benefit matrix Xm×2，xijRepresents the compensation benefit obtained by the power generating main body j (j ═ 1,2) in the ith distribution method;
s2, determining a positive ideal solution X+＝(x1 +,x2 +)，
Represents the maximum value that the power station j can be distributed to in all distribution schemes; determining a negative ideal solution X-＝(x1 -,x2 -)，
Represents the minimum value that the power station j can be distributed to in all distribution schemes; computing each of the conventional methods andestablishing a proximity function of each traditional method and the optimal scheme according to the distance between the ideal solution and the negative ideal solution:
Ciindicating the proximity of the evaluation object to the assignment scenario i,
to assign the proximity of method i to the positive ideal solution, Di -The closeness of the distribution method i to the negative ideal solution;
and assigning a weight to each distribution method according to the proximity function:
the compensation benefits finally obtained by each power station are as follows:
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