CN111649717B - Device and method for monitoring and early warning settlement of tunnel vault - Google Patents
Device and method for monitoring and early warning settlement of tunnel vault Download PDFInfo
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- CN111649717B CN111649717B CN202010543835.7A CN202010543835A CN111649717B CN 111649717 B CN111649717 B CN 111649717B CN 202010543835 A CN202010543835 A CN 202010543835A CN 111649717 B CN111649717 B CN 111649717B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for monitoring and early warning of settlement of a tunnel vault, wherein the device comprises a shell, wherein a first processor and a pull rope sensor are arranged in the shell; the pull rope sensor is matched with a remote controller for realizing remote control; the first processor is connected with the pull rope sensor through a signal wire and used for acquiring the stretching amount of the pull rope in the pull rope sensor; the fluorescent screen with adjustable brightness is arranged on the outer surface of the shell and is connected with the first processor, the fluorescent screen displays a scale format which is the same as that of the indium steel ruler, the stretching amount of the stretching rope sensor is processed by the first processor, the scale of the tunnel vault elevation after the displacement distance of the stretching rope is displayed on the fluorescent screen, and the scale of the observation area of the leveling instrument is the actual elevation of the tunnel vault; the shell is also internally provided with a lithium battery which is respectively connected with the pull rope sensor, the fluorescent screen and the first processor through leads. The invention has simple operation and high precision, and improves the working efficiency and convenience of workers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and particularly relates to a device and a method for monitoring and early warning settlement of a tunnel vault.
Background
With the continuous development of economy, the continuous promotion of comprehensive national force and the continuous application of high and new technologies, the tunnel and underground engineering construction in China is developed unprecedentedly, and the tunnel real-time and accurate monitoring and measuring method is of great importance for ensuring the safety of tunnel construction. There are many deficiencies in tunnel vault settlement monitoring at present, for example: firstly, the accuracy of an indium steel ruler is higher, but the length of the indium steel ruler is lower, and the requirement of large-span monitoring of a tunnel section cannot be met; secondly, in the tunnel vault settlement monitoring process, the requirement on the light intensity of the tunnel is high, and the monitoring result is influenced by too strong or too weak light, so that the monitoring difficulty is increased; the measuring mode is generally a measuring point hook, a steel tape, a plumb bob and a telescopic rod, and the measuring mode is not easy to install, withdraw and fold in engineering measurement, and can cause large errors after being damaged and replaced.
Therefore, a device for monitoring and early warning the settlement of the vault of the tunnel, which is simple to operate and high in precision, is urgently needed, and the working efficiency and the convenience of monitoring workers are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the device and the method for monitoring and early warning the settlement of the tunnel vault are provided, the device replaces an expansion link with a steel wire pull rope in a displacement sensor, and adopts a fluorescent screen to replace an indium steel ruler, so that the settlement monitoring of the tunnel vault is rapidly measured.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the invention provides a device for monitoring and early warning of settlement of a tunnel vault, which comprises a shell, wherein a first processor and a pull rope sensor for driving the shell to move up and down are arranged in the shell, and the pull rope sensor is provided with a remote controller in a matching way and used for realizing remote control; the first processor is connected with the pull rope sensor through a signal wire and is used for acquiring the stretching amount of the pull rope in the pull rope sensor; the fluorescent screen with adjustable brightness is arranged on the outer surface of the shell and connected with the first processor, the fluorescent screen displays a scale format which is the same as that of the indium steel scale, the stretching amount of the stretching rope sensor is processed by the first processor, the scale of the tunnel vault elevation after the displacement distance of the stretching rope is displayed on the fluorescent screen, and the scale of the observation area of the leveling instrument is the actual elevation of the tunnel vault; and a lithium battery is also arranged in the shell, and the lithium battery is respectively connected with the pull rope sensor, the fluorescent screen and the first processor through leads and is used for providing electric energy.
Preferably, a hook is connected to the top of the pull rope in the pull rope sensor, and the hook penetrates through the top of the shell and extends out of the shell.
Preferably, the top end of the shell is provided with a level bubble for calibrating whether the shell is in a vertical state.
Preferably, shell one side still is equipped with the USB interface that charges, the USB interface that charges with the lithium cell looks electricity is connected.
Preferably, a power switch is further arranged on one side of the shell.
Preferably, the bottom of the shell is provided with a laser ranging system, and the laser ranging system is used for transmitting signals to the ground of the tunnel and acquiring the distance between the laser ranging system and the ground of the tunnel; the laser testing system comprises a second processor and a laser range finder connected with the second processor, wherein the second processor is used for acquiring and processing data measured by the laser range finder.
Preferably, the second processor is further connected with a background computer terminal through a wireless transmission module, and the display screen of the background computer terminal can display different warning colors according to the received data measured by the laser ranging system.
The invention also provides a method for monitoring and early warning the settlement of the vault of the tunnel, which comprises the following steps:
1) pre-burying a hook groove at the vault of the tunnel, hooking the hook into the hook groove at the monitoring point, and adjusting a pull rope sensor by using a remote controller to enable a fluorescent screen to move up and down to an observation area of the level gauge;
2) setting a scale format of a tunnel elevation scale displayed by a fluorescent screen according to the measurement accuracy and adjusting the brightness of the fluorescent screen; observing whether the leveling bubble is centered or not, adjusting the shell to enable the shell to be in a vertical state, adjusting the leveling instrument, observing the fluorescent screen, and reading the measurement data corresponding to the monitoring point;
3) and calculating the elevation difference between the point to be monitored and the leveling point according to the leveling point measurement data and the point to be monitored to obtain the settlement delta h of the vault of the tunnel.
Preferably, in step 3), if the obtained Δ h value is not within the normal range, hanging the device at the monitoring point for a long time, starting a laser ranging system, ranging at intervals of t, and recording the obtained data as X0、X1、X2……Xn，ΔH＝X0-Xn(n ═ 1, 2, 3 … … n); the second processor measures the data measured by the laser ranging system according to the delta H-X0-Xn(n is 1, 2, 3 … … n) to obtain the settlement amountThe value of the delta H is corresponding to the corresponding warning color, and the corresponding warning color is displayed on a display screen of the computer terminal; if the obtained delta h value is within the normal range, the device can be only used as a scale and the next monitoring point measurement is carried out according to the phase synchronization step.
Preferably, if the obtained Δ h value is not within the normal range, the method further comprises the following steps: the specific adjusting method comprises the following steps: the second processor controls the laser ranging system to adjust the interval time t according to the value of the delta H so as to change the monitoring frequency; when the delta H is less than 1mm, the color of the fluorescent screen is green, and the monitoring frequency is 1 time/3-7 d; when the delta H is more than or equal to 1 and less than 5mm, the color of the fluorescent screen is orange, and the monitoring frequency is 1 time/d; when the delta H is larger than or equal to 5mm, the color of the fluorescent screen is red, and the monitoring frequency is 2-3 times/d.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the fluorescent screen is adopted to replace an indium steel ruler, so that the measurement precision is improved, the precision requirement of tunnel new Austrian method construction on measurement data can be met, the fluorescent screen display is adopted, the problem that the bar code numerical value cannot be observed due to too dark light and the bar code cannot be clearly seen due to too strong light can be avoided, and the monitoring difficulty is reduced;
2. according to the invention, the pull rope type displacement sensor is arranged, and the steel wire pull rope of the displacement sensor is adopted to replace the telescopic rod, so that the problems of insufficient distance of the telescopic rod and large error caused by damage and replacement due to difficult installation, retraction and folding in engineering measurement are effectively solved;
3. this device plays monitoring early warning effect through setting up laser rangefinder system, when tunnel vault settlement volume that records through the spirit level is great (not in normal range promptly), opens laser rangefinder system, implements the monitoring, but also can be according to delta H's value, automatic adjustment monitoring frequency and warning colour, and the staff can realize remote monitoring at computer terminal department.
4. The scale device is very convenient to mount, dismount and carry, and the observation convenience of operators is improved.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the housing structure.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of an internal structure distribution.
Fig. 4 is a top view of the housing.
Fig. 5 is a bottom view of the housing.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a scale structure.
FIG. 7 is a comparison of the present device with an indium steel ruler.
Description of reference numerals:
1-hanging hooks; 2-power switch; 3, a shell; 4-remote controller; 5-USB charging port; 6-fluorescent screen; 7-a first mounting area; 8-a second mounting area; 9-a third mounting area; 10-a fourth mounting area; 11-level bubble; 12-stay cord preformed hole; 13-laser rangefinder; 14-a level gauge; 15-wireless transmission module; 16-background computer terminal; 17-a mobile phone; 18-Scale.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present invention provides a device for monitoring and warning vault settlement of a tunnel, which includes a housing 3, the housing 3 may be made of carbon fiber, the housing 3 has four mounting areas inside, and the first mounting area 7, the second mounting area 8, the third mounting area 9, and the fourth mounting area 10 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. Overall size of the housing 3: the length, width and height are 60 x 15 cm; be equipped with first treater in the casing 3 and be used for driving casing 3 and realize the stay cord sensor that reciprocates, the stay cord sensor is installed in first installing zone 7, and first treater is installed in second installing zone 8. The pull rope sensor is matched with a remote controller 4 for realizing remote control; the first processor is connected with the pull rope sensor through a signal wire and used for acquiring the stretching amount of the pull rope in the pull rope sensor; the outer surface of the shell 3 is provided with a fluorescent screen 6 with adjustable brightness, the fluorescent screen 6 is connected with a first processor, the scale format displayed by the fluorescent screen 6 is the same as that of the indium steel ruler, the stretching amount of a stretching rope of the stretching rope sensor is processed by the first processor, the scale 18 of the tunnel vault elevation after the displacement distance of the stretching rope is displayed on the fluorescent screen 6, and the scale of an observation area of the leveling instrument is the actual elevation of the tunnel vault; when the topmost end of the shell 3 is connected with the tunnel vault, the stretching amount of the sensor of the pulling rope is zero, the scale range of the scale displayed by the fluorescent screen 6 is [0m, 0.6m ], the stretching amount of the sensor of the pulling rope is 3.2m, and the scale range of the scale displayed by the fluorescent screen 6 is [3.2m, 3.8m ].
Stay cord length is 5m in the stay cord sensor, and the steel wire stay cord inelasticity can not take place to warp by self, and stay cord sensor model is RS 485. The elongated portion 19 of the pull-cord sensor replaces the portion of the indium steel ruler 19a (i.e., the portion of the area not observed by the level) and the fluorescent screen displays the portion of the indium steel ruler area 18a that is observable by the level in the same scale format as the indium steel ruler scale format.
A lithium battery is also arranged in the shell 3 and is arranged in the third mounting area 9; the lithium battery is respectively connected with the pull rope sensor, the fluorescent screen 6 and the first processor through wires, and the battery not only supplies power for the device but also can serve as a plumb block, so that the device can resist wind load naturally and vertically.
In order to facilitate hanging, the top of the pull rope in the pull rope sensor is connected with a hook, and the hook penetrates through a pull rope preformed hole 12 in the top of the shell 3 and extends out of the shell 3.
The top end of the shell 3 is provided with a leveling bubble 11 for calibrating whether the shell 3 is in a vertical state.
3 one side of casing still is equipped with the USB interface 5 that charges, and the USB interface 5 that charges is connected with the lithium cell looks electricity, and the convenience is in time charged.
A power switch 2 is arranged on one side of the shell 3.
A fourth mounting area 10 at the bottom of the shell 3 is provided with a laser ranging system, and the laser ranging system is used for transmitting signals to the tunnel ground and acquiring the distance between the laser ranging system and the tunnel ground; the laser testing system comprises a second processor and a laser range finder 13 connected with the second processor, wherein the second processor is used for acquiring and processing data measured by the laser range finder 13. The second processor is further connected with a background computer terminal 16 through a wireless transmission module 15, and the display screen of the background computer terminal 16 can display different warning colors according to the received data measured by the laser ranging system.
The background computer terminal 16 can also be connected with the mobile phone 17 through wireless network transmission modes such as Bluetooth and internet, so that workers can conveniently monitor the vault settlement variation of the tunnel in real time.
The invention also provides a method for monitoring and early warning the settlement of the vault of the tunnel, which comprises the following steps:
1) a hook groove is pre-buried in the vault of the tunnel, the hook 1 is hung in the hanging groove at the monitoring point, and the remote controller 4 is used for adjusting the pull rope sensor to enable the fluorescent screen 6 to move up and down to the observation area of the level gauge 14;
2) setting a scale format of a tunnel elevation scale displayed by a fluorescent screen 6 according to the measurement accuracy and adjusting the brightness of the fluorescent screen; observing whether the leveling bubble is centered or not, adjusting the shell 3 to be in a vertical state, adjusting the leveling instrument 14, observing the fluorescent screen 6, and reading the measurement data corresponding to the monitoring point;
3) and calculating the elevation difference between the point to be monitored and the leveling point according to the leveling point measurement data and the point to be monitored to obtain the settlement delta h of the vault of the tunnel.
In the step 3), if the obtained delta h value is not in the normal range, the device is hung at the monitoring point for a long time, a laser ranging system is started, ranging is carried out at intervals of t, and the obtained data is recorded as X0、X1、X2……Xn，ΔH＝X0-Xn(n ═ 1, 2, 3 … … n); the second processor measures the data measured by the laser ranging system according to the delta H-X0-Xn(n is 1, 2, 3 … … n) calculating to obtain the settlement amount delta H, corresponding the value of delta H to the corresponding warning color, and displaying on the computer terminal screenDisplaying corresponding warning colors; if the obtained delta h value is within the normal range, the device can be only used as a scale and the next monitoring point measurement is carried out according to the phase synchronization step.
If the obtained value of Δ h is not in the normal range, the adjustment of the monitoring frequency is also included: the specific adjusting method comprises the following steps: the second processor controls the laser ranging system to adjust the interval time t according to the value of the delta H so as to change the monitoring frequency; when the delta H is less than 1mm, the color of the fluorescent screen is green, and the monitoring frequency is 1 time/3-7 d; when the delta H is more than or equal to 1 and less than 5mm, the color of the fluorescent screen is orange, and the monitoring frequency is 1 time/d; when the delta H is larger than or equal to 5mm, the color of the fluorescent screen is red, and the monitoring frequency is 2-3 times/d.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A monitoring and early warning device for tunnel vault settlement comprises a shell and is characterized in that a first processor and a pull rope sensor for driving the shell to move up and down are arranged in the shell, and the pull rope sensor is provided with a remote controller in a matching manner and used for realizing remote control; the first processor is connected with the pull rope sensor through a signal wire and is used for acquiring the stretching amount of the pull rope in the pull rope sensor; the outer surface of the shell is provided with a fluorescent screen with adjustable brightness, the fluorescent screen is connected with the first processor, and the scale format displayed by the fluorescent screen is the same as that of the indium steel scale; after the stretching amount of the stretching rope sensor is processed by the first processor, the scale of the tunnel vault elevation after the displacement distance of the stretching rope is displayed on the fluorescent screen, and the scale of the leveling instrument observation area is the actual tunnel vault elevation; and a lithium battery is also arranged in the shell, and the lithium battery is respectively connected with the pull rope sensor, the fluorescent screen and the first processor through leads and is used for providing electric energy.
2. The device for monitoring and warning the settlement of the vault of the tunnel as claimed in claim 1, wherein a hook is connected to the top of the pull rope in the pull rope sensor, and the hook penetrates through the top of the shell to extend out of the shell.
3. The device for monitoring and warning the settlement of the vault of the tunnel as claimed in claim 2, wherein the top end of the shell is provided with a level bubble for calibrating whether the shell is in a vertical state.
4. The device for monitoring and early warning of vault settlement of a tunnel according to claim 3, wherein a USB charging interface is further arranged on one side of the shell, and the USB charging interface is electrically connected with the lithium battery.
5. The device for monitoring and warning the settlement of the vault of the tunnel as claimed in claim 4, wherein a power switch is further arranged on one side of the shell.
6. The device for monitoring and early warning the vault crown settlement of the tunnel according to claim 5, wherein a laser ranging system is arranged at the bottom of the shell and used for transmitting signals to the ground of the tunnel and acquiring the distance between the laser ranging system and the ground of the tunnel; the laser ranging system comprises a second processor and a laser range finder connected with the second processor, wherein the second processor is used for acquiring and processing data measured by the laser range finder.
7. The device for monitoring and early warning of vault settlement of a tunnel according to claim 6, wherein the second processor is further connected with a background computer terminal through a wireless transmission module, and a display screen of the background computer terminal can display different warning colors according to received data measured by the laser ranging system.
8. The monitoring and early warning method for the settlement of the vault of the tunnel is characterized in that the monitoring and early warning device for the settlement of the vault of the tunnel, which is disclosed by claim 7, comprises the following steps:
1) pre-burying a hook groove at the vault of the tunnel, hooking the hook into the hook groove at the monitoring point, and adjusting a pull rope sensor by using a remote controller to enable a fluorescent screen to move up and down to an observation area of the level gauge;
2) setting a scale format of a tunnel elevation scale displayed by a fluorescent screen according to the measurement accuracy and adjusting the brightness of the fluorescent screen; observing whether the leveling bubble is centered or not, adjusting the shell to enable the shell to be in a vertical state, adjusting the leveling instrument, observing the fluorescent screen, and reading the measurement data corresponding to the monitoring point;
3) and calculating the elevation difference between the point to be monitored and the leveling point according to the leveling point measurement data and the point to be monitored to obtain the settlement delta h of the vault of the tunnel.
9. The method for monitoring and early warning of settlement of the vault of the tunnel as claimed in claim 8, wherein in the step 3), if the obtained delta h value is not in the normal range, the device is hung at the monitoring point for a long time, a laser ranging system is started, ranging is carried out once every t time, and the obtained data is recorded as X0、X1、X2……Xn，ΔH＝X0-Xn(n ═ 1, 2, 3 … … n); the second processor measures the data measured by the laser ranging system according to the delta H-X0-Xn(n is 1, 2, 3 … … n) calculating to obtain a settlement amount delta H, corresponding the value of delta H to the corresponding warning color, and displaying the corresponding warning color on a display screen of the computer terminal; if the obtained delta h value is within the normal range, the device can be only used as a scale and the next monitoring point measurement is carried out according to the phase synchronization step.
10. The method for monitoring and warning the settlement of the vault of the tunnel according to claim 9, wherein if the obtained delta h value is not in a normal range, the method further comprises the following steps of adjusting monitoring frequency: the specific adjusting method comprises the following steps: the second processor controls the laser ranging system to adjust the interval time t according to the value of the delta H so as to change the monitoring frequency; when the delta H is less than 1mm, the color of the fluorescent screen is green, and the monitoring frequency is 1 time/3-7 d; when the delta H is more than or equal to 1 and less than 5mm, the color of the fluorescent screen is orange, and the monitoring frequency is 1 time/d; when the delta H is larger than or equal to 5mm, the color of the fluorescent screen is red, and the monitoring frequency is 2-3 times/d.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010543835.7A CN111649717B (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2020-06-15 | Device and method for monitoring and early warning settlement of tunnel vault |
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| CN202010543835.7A CN111649717B (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2020-06-15 | Device and method for monitoring and early warning settlement of tunnel vault |
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| CN111649717B true CN111649717B (en) | 2021-10-29 |
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Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100401033C (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2008-07-09 | 中国计量学院 | Soft soil foundation settlement automatic monitoring instrument |
| CN103256918B (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2015-04-29 | 重庆大学 | Special ruler for measuring vault settlement of tunnel |
| CN108613660B (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2023-09-15 | 长安大学 | Tunnel real-time settlement observation device and method, real-time monitoring device and method |
| CN108225262B (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2023-11-03 | 重庆市勘测院 | Method for monitoring settlement of tunnel section based on submillimeter displacement sensor |
| CN108444438A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-24 | 北京恒华伟业科技股份有限公司 | Levelling rod for tunnel vault settlement monitoring |
| CN108801170B (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-10-15 | 深圳市市政设计研究院有限公司 | Tunnel deformation monitoring system |
| CN110243335B (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2024-03-22 | 贵州省交通规划勘察设计研究院股份有限公司 | Automatic monitoring and early warning device and method for loose ring deformation of surrounding rock in tunnel construction |
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