CN111648831B - Supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection device and method - Google Patents

Supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111648831B
CN111648831B CN202010427905.2A CN202010427905A CN111648831B CN 111648831 B CN111648831 B CN 111648831B CN 202010427905 A CN202010427905 A CN 202010427905A CN 111648831 B CN111648831 B CN 111648831B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
sealing
carbon dioxide
supercritical carbon
shaft end
dioxide turbine
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CN202010427905.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111648831A (en
Inventor
刘光旭
黄彦平
王俊峰
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Nuclear Power Institute of China
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Nuclear Power Institute of China
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Publication of CN111648831A publication Critical patent/CN111648831A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/003—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by packing rings; Mechanical seals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
    • F01D21/14—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for responsive to other specific conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F01K25/103—Carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/32—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines using steam of critical or overcritical pressure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end sealing failure protection device and a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end sealing failure protection method. The method adopts the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end sealing failure protection device to carry out shaft end sealing and failure protection of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine equipment. The supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection device and method can realize temporary sealing of supercritical carbon dioxide when the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal fails, and protect personnel and equipment safety.

Description

Supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of advanced turbine equipment, in particular to a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection device and method.
Background
The compressor and the turbine are core equipment of the supercritical carbon dioxide power conversion system, the compressor and the turbine belong to high-rotation-speed turbine equipment, and once shaft end sealing fails, a large amount of carbon dioxide is leaked to the site, so that the safety of site personnel is critical.
The safety and effectiveness of the turbine shaft end seal of the compressor are the key problems to be solved in the development of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor and the turbine, and the safety of personnel and equipment is very necessary when the shaft end seal is invalid by setting the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor and the turbine shaft end seal failure protection measures.
The supercritical carbon dioxide turbine equipment is currently in a research and development stage, and no published protection measures for shaft end sealing failure of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine equipment are disclosed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection device and method, which realize the temporary sealing of supercritical carbon dioxide when the shaft end seal fails.
According to one aspect of the invention, a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end sealing failure protection device is provided, the failure protection device comprises a sealing body and a failure sealing assembly, the sealing body is arranged between a rotor and a cylinder, the failure sealing assembly is arranged outside the sealing body, and a temporary mechanical sealing structure can be formed after the sealing body fails to achieve temporary sealing.
According to one embodiment of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection device, the sealing body can realize shaft end sealing of supercritical carbon dioxide turbine equipment under normal sealing conditions.
According to one embodiment of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection device, the failure sealing assembly comprises a fixed support, a sealing static ring and a sealing moving ring, wherein the sealing static ring is connected with the fixed support through an elastic element, the sealing static ring can be separated from the sealing moving ring under the action of the elastic element, and the sealing static ring can be attached to the sealing moving ring to form the temporary mechanical sealing structure under the pushing action of leakage gas after the sealing body fails.
According to one embodiment of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end sealing failure protection device, the fixed support and the sealing stationary ring are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder, the sealing movable ring is arranged on the rotor, the sealing stationary ring is arranged between the fixed support and the sealing movable ring, and the sealing movable ring and the sealing stationary ring of the failure sealing assembly form an S-shaped or serpentine passage under normal sealing conditions.
According to one embodiment of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection device, the elastic element is a spring.
According to one embodiment of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection device, the failure protection device further comprises an alarm control assembly, wherein the alarm control assembly can send out an equipment shutdown signal and control the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine equipment to shutdown after the sealing body fails.
The invention further provides a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection method, and the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection device is adopted to conduct shaft end seal and failure protection of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine equipment.
Compared with the conventional scheme, the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end sealing failure protection device and method can realize temporary sealing of supercritical carbon dioxide when the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end sealing fails, and protect personnel and equipment safety. Under the normal sealing condition, the original sealing body of the turbine equipment completes the shaft end sealing of the turbine equipment, and the sealing stationary ring is separated from the sealing movable ring under the action of the elastic element; when the sealing body fails, carbon dioxide leaked from the inside of the turbine equipment pushes the sealing stationary ring to be attached to the sealing movable ring to form a temporary mechanical sealing structure, and meanwhile, a shutdown signal of the turbine equipment is sent out, so that temporary sealing of supercritical carbon dioxide in the unit is realized when the sealing of the turbine shaft end of the supercritical carbon dioxide is failed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic structural view of a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection apparatus in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-rotor, 2-sealing body, 3-fixed bolster, 4-elastic component, 5-sealed quiet ring, 6-sealed rotating ring, 7-cylinder, 8-pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the same or equivalent purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic structural view of a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection apparatus in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a seal body 2 disposed between a rotor 1 and a cylinder 7 and a failure seal assembly disposed outside the seal body 2 and capable of forming a temporary mechanical seal structure to achieve temporary sealing after the seal body 2 fails. Wherein the outside of the sealing body 2 is the inside and outside with respect to the device, i.e. the failed sealing assembly is arranged in the device at an outer position with respect to the sealing body 2.
The sealing body 2 is actually an original sealing body of the turbine equipment, can realize shaft end sealing of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine equipment under the normal sealing condition, and the specific structure and the arrangement mode of the sealing body are not repeated.
The failure sealing assembly comprises a fixed support 3, a sealing static ring 5 and a sealing dynamic ring 6, wherein the sealing static ring 5 is connected with the fixed support 3 through an elastic element 4, the sealing static ring 5 can be separated from the sealing dynamic ring 6 under the action of the elastic element 4, and after the sealing body 2 fails, the sealing static ring 5 can be attached with the sealing dynamic ring 6 under the pushing action of leakage gas to form a temporary mechanical sealing structure, so that the temporary sealing of supercritical carbon dioxide in turbine equipment is realized to protect personnel and equipment safety. Wherein the elastic element 4 may be a spring.
Specifically, the fixed support 3 is mainly used for controlling the position of the sealing stationary ring 5, and the sealing stationary ring 5 and the sealing movable ring 6 can be matched to form a temporary mechanical sealing structure. The fixed support 3 and the seal stationary ring 5 are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder 7, the seal stationary ring 5 is arranged on the rotor 1, the seal stationary ring 5 is positioned between the fixed support 3 and the seal stationary ring 6, and the seal stationary ring of the failure seal assembly form an S-shaped or serpentine passage under the normal sealing condition.
In order to form a more advantageous fail-safe, the fail-safe device of the invention further comprises an alarm control assembly, preferably a pressure sensor 8, which pressure sensor 8 signals a shutdown of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine plant after detecting the pressure overrun and controls the shutdown of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine plant.
The shaft end sealing failure protection method of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine adopts the shaft end sealing failure protection device of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine to carry out shaft end sealing and failure protection of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine equipment.
Therefore, under the normal sealing condition, the sealing body 2 can finish shaft end sealing of the turbine equipment, the sealing stationary ring 5 is separated from the sealing movable ring 6 under the action of the elastic element 4, when the sealing body 2 fails, carbon dioxide leaked from the inside of the turbine equipment can push the sealing stationary ring 5 to be attached to the sealing movable ring 6 to form a temporary mechanical sealing structure, and meanwhile, the pressure sensor 8 sends out a shutdown signal of the turbine equipment to realize temporary sealing of supercritical carbon dioxide in the turbine equipment.
In summary, the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection device disclosed by the invention can automatically put into operation and realize temporary sealing under the action of upstream pressure after original seal failure of turbine equipment, does not need control logic, is safe and reliable, and is convenient for shutdown treatment.
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification, as well as to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of the method or process disclosed.

Claims (6)

1. The supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end sealing failure protection device is characterized by comprising a sealing body and a failure sealing assembly, wherein the sealing body is arranged between a rotor and a cylinder, and the failure sealing assembly is arranged outside the sealing body and can form a temporary mechanical sealing structure to realize temporary sealing after the sealing body fails;
The failure sealing assembly comprises a fixed support, a sealing stationary ring and a sealing moving ring, wherein the sealing stationary ring is connected with the fixed support through an elastic element, the sealing stationary ring can be separated from the sealing moving ring under the action of the elastic element, and the sealing stationary ring can be attached to the sealing moving ring to form the temporary mechanical sealing structure under the pushing action of leakage gas after the sealing body fails.
2. The supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection device according to claim 1, wherein the sealing body is capable of realizing shaft end sealing of supercritical carbon dioxide turbine equipment under normal sealing conditions.
3. The supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection device according to claim 1, wherein the fixed support and the seal stationary ring are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder, the seal stationary ring is arranged on the rotor, the seal stationary ring is positioned between the fixed support and the seal stationary ring, and the seal stationary ring of the failure seal assembly form an S-shaped or serpentine passage under normal sealing conditions.
4. A supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection device according to claim 3, wherein the resilient element is a spring.
5. The supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection device according to claim 1, further comprising an alarm control assembly capable of signaling and controlling the shutdown of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine device after a seal failure.
6. A supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection method, which is characterized in that the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection device of any one of claims 1 to 5 is adopted for shaft end seal and failure protection of supercritical carbon dioxide turbine equipment.
CN202010427905.2A 2020-05-20 2020-05-20 Supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection device and method Active CN111648831B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010427905.2A CN111648831B (en) 2020-05-20 2020-05-20 Supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection device and method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010427905.2A CN111648831B (en) 2020-05-20 2020-05-20 Supercritical carbon dioxide turbine shaft end seal failure protection device and method

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CN111648831A CN111648831A (en) 2020-09-11
CN111648831B true CN111648831B (en) 2024-05-07

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CA2205877A1 (en) * 1996-06-28 1997-12-28 General Electric Company Brush seals and combined labyrinth and brush seals for rotary machines
WO2001007791A1 (en) * 1999-07-23 2001-02-01 Hitachi, Ltd. Turbo fluid machinery and dry gas seal used for the machinery
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CN106246919A (en) * 2016-10-09 2016-12-21 中国核动力研究设计院 One prevents pretightning force from relaxing and easily detachable packing seal structure
CN109026179A (en) * 2018-08-02 2018-12-18 嘉兴博瑞涡轮增压技术有限公司 A kind of novel supercharger sealing structure

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