CN111648763A - While-drilling well leakage prediction and leakage point measurement nipple - Google Patents
While-drilling well leakage prediction and leakage point measurement nipple Download PDFInfo
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- CN111648763A CN111648763A CN202010678494.4A CN202010678494A CN111648763A CN 111648763 A CN111648763 A CN 111648763A CN 202010678494 A CN202010678494 A CN 202010678494A CN 111648763 A CN111648763 A CN 111648763A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a while-drilling well leakage prediction and leakage point measurement short section which comprises a measurement part, a power supply part, a data processing and transmission part and a fixed support part. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the problems that the measurement accuracy of a single measuring method of the measuring instrument is limited, the lost circulation cannot be judged in advance during the drilling operation process, and the lost circulation cannot be efficiently blocked after the lost circulation occurs can be well solved. The tool can measure the lithology of the drilled stratum while drilling, further judge the development characteristics of the seam hole of the drilled rock stratum, evaluate possible lost stratum and induce the geology and engineering factors of lost circulation, can timely and accurately measure the underground lithology characteristics, pressure, temperature and other parameters and transmit the parameters to the ground in real time when the lost circulation occurs, plays an important key guiding role in timely taking efficient leakage stopping measures, is suitable for most of current drilling tools, can effectively improve the efficiency of oil and gas well drilling operation, reduces the non-drilling operation time and improves the profit of oil and gas well drilling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a measuring nipple, in particular to a nipple for well leakage prediction and leak point measurement while drilling, and belongs to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas drilling tools.
Background
Along with the development of petroleum and natural gas drilling from shallow wells to deep wells and ultra-deep wells, the encountered stratum also has a simple stratum turning to a complex stratum, so that the complex condition of well leakage is often caused. At the same time, lost circulation is a complex enough situation to be encountered during oil and gas well completion. The occurrence of the lost circulation not only can cause the loss of a large amount of drilling fluid and increase the drilling cost, but also can cause the failure of efficient drilling due to the serious lost circulation, even can cause the failure of continuous drilling when inducing other complex conditions, and the drilling is carried out again after the well is filled. Meanwhile, the leaked drilling fluid entering the stratum can pollute the stratum such as a reservoir stratum or underground water and further damage the stratum or the reservoir stratum.
At present, the lost circulation is still one of the most serious complex situations in the drilling process and is also one of the great problems restricting the efficient drilling. At present, no better preventive measure is provided for the problem of the lost circulation, and all the measures are post measures, namely after the lost circulation occurs, the position of the lost circulation is calculated through wellhead pressure, and the size of the pore of the crack is estimated according to the loss rate, so that different lost circulation materials are selected for performing lost circulation operation.
The method is mainly used for preventing the complex condition of the lost circulation, and the lost circulation is purposefully prevented by judging the well section possibly lost through multiple parameters such as lithology, temperature, pressure and the like in the drilling process and judging the induction conditions of the lost circulation. After the well leakage occurs, the leakage occurrence position and the size of the leakage point pore are accurately determined through the measured parameters, so that the leakage opportunity can be timely mastered, a proper leakage blocking material is selected to perform efficient leakage blocking operation, the non-drilling working time required by complex conditions is shortened, the loss is avoided and reduced, the drilling efficiency is improved, and the drilling income is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a while-drilling well leakage prediction and leakage point measurement short joint.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme: a while-drilling well leakage prediction and leakage point measurement short section comprises a measurement part, a power supply part, a data processing and transmission part and a fixed support part; the measuring part consists of an alpha sensor internal fixing bolt, an alpha sensor, an upper measuring fixing block, an alpha data receiving block, an upper connecting block, a pressure guide bolt, a pressure and temperature sensor and a lower connecting block, the power supply part consists of a battery outer cylinder and a battery, the data processing and transmitting part consists of a data processing assembly and a positive pulse generator, and the fixing and supporting part consists of an alpha sensor external fixing bolt, an upper centering fixing ring, a middle centering fixing ring, a fixing bolt, a lower centering fixing ring and a short section;
the alpha sensor is arranged in a cavity formed by an alpha sensor external fixing bolt and an alpha sensor internal fixing bolt on the side wall of the front end of the short section, the alpha sensor is connected with an alpha data receiving block arranged in the cavity of the short section through a connecting wire, the alpha data receiving block, the pressure and temperature sensor, the data processing assembly and the positive pulse generator are all arranged in the cavity of the short section, the alpha data receiving block is positioned at the front end of the pressure and temperature sensor, the pressure and temperature sensor is positioned at the front end of the data processing assembly, the positive pulse generator is positioned at the tail end of the data processing assembly, the upper centering fixing ring is in interference connection with one end of the upper measuring fixing block through a key groove, the other end of the upper measuring fixing block is in threaded connection with the upper connecting block, and the alpha data receiving block is arranged in the cavity formed by the upper measuring fixing block and the upper connecting block in threaded, the other end of the upper connecting block is in threaded connection with the lower connecting block, the upper connecting block is in interference connection with a key groove of a middle centering fixing ring, the pressure and temperature sensor is installed in a cavity formed by the upper connecting block and the lower connecting block, the other end of the lower connecting block is in threaded connection with one end of a battery outer barrel, the battery is installed in the battery outer barrel, the other end of the battery outer barrel is in threaded connection with one end of a data processing assembly, the other end of the data processing assembly is in threaded connection with a centering pulse generator, the lower centering fixing ring is in threaded connection with the data processing assembly, an alpha sensor outer fixing bolt fixes the upper centering fixing ring and a short section together through threads, an alpha sensor inner fixing bolt fixes the alpha sensor and the short section together through threads, and a pressure guide bolt fixes the middle centering fixing ring and the short section together through threads, the fixing bolt fixes the lower centralizing fixing ring and the short section together through threads.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the measurement part measures the pressure and temperature of the underground environment control through a channel communicated with the underground environment control, and simultaneously measures the lithology of the stratum through an alpha sensor.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the power supply part is connected with the measuring part and the data processing and transmitting part through electric wires and provides electric energy for the tool.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the data processing and transmitting part is connected with the measuring part through a signal wire, processes the data signals measured by the measuring part and uploads the processed data signals to the ground through the transmitting part.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the fixed support part fixes the power supply part, the measurement part and the data processing and transmission part of the measuring short joint in the middle and fixes the parts in the axial direction through fixing bolts.
As a still further scheme of the invention: and a cavity for accommodating the alpha sensor is formed in the side wall of the front end of the short section and is provided with a reserved channel.
As a still further scheme of the invention: and rubber sealing rings are arranged at the joints of the measuring part, the power supply part, the data processing and transmitting part and the fixed supporting part for sealing.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the upper centering fixing ring, the middle centering fixing ring and the lower centering fixing ring are all designed in a spoke type structure and are provided with a drilling fluid circulation channel and a mud circulation channel.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the pup joint for well leakage prediction and leak point measurement while drilling has reasonable design:
(1) the problem that the well leakage cannot be judged in advance in the well drilling operation process and the efficient leakage stoppage cannot be realized after the well leakage occurs is effectively solved; the alpha sensor is designed to measure the lithology of the drilled stratum while drilling, further judge the development characteristics of the seam and cave of the rock drilling layer, and evaluate possible lost stratum and geological and engineering factors inducing lost circulation; the designed pressure and temperature sensor can timely and accurately measure parameters such as underground lithological characteristics, pressure, temperature and the like and transmit the parameters to the ground in real time when loss occurs, and plays an important key guiding role in timely taking efficient leakage stopping measures;
(2) the drilling tool is suitable for most drilling tools at present, and can have positive influence on the drilling operation. The use of the tool can effectively improve the efficiency of the drilling operation of the oil well and the gas well, reduce the non-drilling operation time and improve the drilling benefit of the oil well and the gas well. The oil-gas well operation tool has higher economic value and popularization value;
(3) the drilling tool has the advantages of wide application range, simplicity in operation, simple structure, reasonable length, low requirement on drilling operation equipment and underground operation environment, low requirement on operating personnel, and capability of operating only by being installed at the near drill bit end of the drilling tool.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises an alpha sensor external fixing bolt, 2, an alpha sensor internal fixing bolt, 3, an alpha sensor, 4, an upper centering fixing ring, 5, an upper measuring fixing block, 6, an alpha data receiving block, 7, an upper connecting block, 8, a pressure guide bolt, 9, a middle centering fixing ring, 10, a pressure and temperature sensor, 11, a lower connecting block, 12, a battery outer cylinder, 13, a battery, 14, a fixing bolt, 15, a data processing assembly, 16, a lower centering fixing ring, 17, a centering pulse generator, 18 and a short joint.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a while-drilling well leakage prediction and leakage point measurement nipple includes a measurement portion, a power supply portion, a data processing and transmission portion, and a fixed support portion; the measuring part consists of an alpha sensor internal fixing bolt 2, an alpha sensor 3, an upper measuring fixing block 5, an alpha data receiving block 6, an upper connecting block 7, a pressure guide bolt 8, a pressure and temperature sensor 10 and a lower connecting block 11, the power supply part consists of a battery outer cylinder 12 and a battery 13, the data processing and transmitting part consists of a data processing assembly 15 and a positive pulse generator 17, and the fixing support part consists of an alpha sensor external fixing bolt 1, an upper centering fixing ring 4, a middle centering fixing ring 9, a fixing bolt 14, a lower centering fixing ring 16 and a short section 18;
the alpha sensor 3 is arranged in a cavity formed by an alpha sensor external fixing bolt 1 and an alpha sensor internal fixing bolt 2 on the side wall of the front end of the short section 18, the alpha sensor 3 is connected with an alpha data receiving block 6 arranged in the cavity of the short section 18 through a connecting wire, the alpha data receiving block 6, a pressure and temperature sensor 10, a data processing assembly 15 and a positive pulse generator 17 are all arranged in the internal cavity of the short section 18, the alpha data receiving block 6 is arranged at the front end of the pressure and temperature sensor 10, the pressure and temperature sensor 10 is arranged at the front end of the data processing assembly 15, the positive pulse generator 17 is arranged at the tail end of the data processing assembly 15, the upper centering fixing ring 4 is in interference fit connection with one end of the upper measuring fixing block 5 through a key groove, the other end of the upper measuring fixing block 5 is in threaded connection with the upper connecting block 7, the alpha data receiving block 6 is arranged in the cavity formed by the upper measuring fixing block 5 and the upper connecting block 7 in, the other end of the upper connecting block 7 is in threaded connection with a lower connecting block 11, the upper connecting block 7 is in interference connection with a key groove of a middle centering fixing ring 9, the pressure and temperature sensor 10 is installed in a cavity formed by the upper connecting block 7 and the lower connecting block 11, the other end of the lower connecting block 11 is in threaded connection with one end of a battery outer cylinder 12, a battery 13 is installed in the battery outer cylinder 12, the other end of the battery outer cylinder 12 is in threaded connection with one end of a data processing assembly 15, the other end of the data processing assembly 15 is in threaded connection with a centering pulse generator 17, the lower centering fixing ring 16 is in threaded connection with the data processing assembly 15, an alpha sensor outer fixing bolt 1 fixes the upper centering fixing ring 4 and a short section 18 together through threads, an alpha sensor inner fixing bolt 2 fixes the alpha sensor 3 and the short section 18 together through threads, a pressure guide bolt 8 fixes the middle centering fixing ring 9 and the short section 18 together through threads, the fixing bolt 14 is used for fixing the lower centralizing fixing ring 16 and the short joint 18 together through threads.
Further, in the embodiment of the invention, the measuring part measures the pressure and the temperature of the underground control by a channel communicated with the underground control, and simultaneously measures the lithology of the stratum by the alpha sensor 3.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the power supply part is connected with the measurement part, the data processing and transmission part through electric wires and supplies electric power to the tool.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the data processing and transmitting part is connected to the measuring part through a signal line, processes the data signal measured by the measuring part, and uploads the processed data signal to the ground through the transmitting part.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the fixing and supporting portion centrally fixes the power supply portion, the measuring portion, and the data processing and transmitting portion of the measuring sub, and axially fixes the above portions by fixing bolts.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, a cavity opened on a side wall of the front end of the short section 18 for installing the α sensor 3 is provided with a reserved channel, so as to facilitate formation measurement.
Furthermore, in the embodiment of the invention, rubber sealing rings are arranged at the joints of the measuring part, the power supply part, the data processing and transmitting part and the fixed supporting part for sealing, so that the sealing property of the measuring short section is ensured, and the damage of electronic components caused by the fact that drilling fluid and other liquids enter the measuring tool is avoided.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the upper centering fixing ring 4, the middle centering fixing ring 9, and the lower centering fixing ring 16 are all designed in a spoke type structure, and are provided with a drilling fluid circulation channel and a mud circulation channel, so that the drilling fluid circularly flows to reduce the temperature of the environment where the measuring nipple is located.
The working principle is as follows: when the well leakage prediction and leakage point measurement while drilling are short, the measurement short section is connected to a drilling tool and is put into a well hole while drilling, parameters such as formation lithology, temperature and pressure are measured in the well drilling process, the alpha sensor 3 can measure the lithology of the drilled formation while drilling, further the development characteristics of rock-drilling seam holes are judged, possible lost formations and geological and engineering factors inducing well leakage loss are evaluated, the pressure and temperature sensor 10 can measure parameters such as pressure and temperature of the well depth in time when leakage occurs, measured data are uploaded to the ground through pulses, and important guidance functions are played for timely and accurately carrying out leakage stopping measures and selecting a leakage stopping agent.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. A while-drilling well leakage prediction and leakage point measurement short section comprises a measurement part, a power supply part, a data processing and transmission part and a fixed support part; the method is characterized in that: the measuring part consists of an alpha sensor internal fixing bolt (2), an alpha sensor (3), an upper measuring fixing block (5), an alpha data receiving block (6), an upper connecting block (7), a pressure guide bolt (8), a pressure and temperature sensor (10) and a lower connecting block (11), the power supply part consists of a battery outer cylinder (12) and a battery (13), the data processing and transmitting part consists of a data processing assembly (15) and a positive pulse generator (17)), and the fixing and supporting part consists of an alpha sensor external fixing bolt (1), an upper positive fixing ring (4), a middle positive fixing ring (9), a fixing bolt (14), a lower positive fixing ring (16) and a short section (18);
the alpha sensor (3) is arranged in a cavity formed by an alpha sensor external fixing bolt (1) and an alpha sensor internal fixing bolt (2) on the side wall of the front end of the short section (18), the alpha sensor (3) is connected with an alpha data receiving block (6) arranged in the cavity of the short section (18) through a connecting wire, the alpha data receiving block (6), the pressure and temperature sensor (10), the data processing assembly (15) and the positive pulse generator (17) are all arranged in the inner cavity of the short section (18), the alpha data receiving block (6) is positioned at the front end of the pressure and temperature sensor (10), the pressure and temperature sensor (10) is positioned at the front end of the data processing assembly (15), the positive pulse generator (17) is positioned at the tail end of the data processing assembly (15), the upper centering fixing ring (4) is in interference fit connection with one end of the upper measuring fixing block (5) through a key slot, the other end of the upper measuring fixed block (5) is in threaded connection with an upper connecting block (7), the alpha data receiving block (6) is installed in a cavity formed by the upper measuring fixed block (5) and the upper connecting block (7) in threaded connection, the other end of the upper connecting block (7) is in threaded connection with a lower connecting block (11), the upper connecting block (7) is in interference connection with a key groove of a middle centering fixing ring (9), the pressure and temperature sensor (10) is installed in the cavity formed by the upper connecting block (7) and the lower connecting block (11), the other end of the lower connecting block (11) is in threaded connection with one end of a battery outer cylinder (12), a battery (13) is installed in the battery outer cylinder (12), the other end of the battery outer cylinder (12) is in threaded connection with one end of a data processing assembly (15), and the other end of the data processing assembly (15) is in threaded connection with a positive pulse generator (17), the lower centering fixing ring (16) is in threaded connection with the data processing assembly (15), the alpha sensor outer fixing bolt (1) fixes the upper centering fixing ring (4) and the short section (18) together through threads, the alpha sensor inner fixing bolt (2) fixes the alpha sensor (3) and the short section (18) together through threads, the pressure guide bolt (8) fixes the middle centering fixing ring (9) and the short section (18) together through threads, and the fixing bolt (14) fixes the lower centering fixing ring (16) and the short section (18) together through threads.
2. The while-drilling well leakage prediction and leak point measurement nipple of claim 1, wherein: the measurement part measures the pressure and temperature of the underground environment control through a channel communicated with the underground environment control, and simultaneously measures the lithology of the stratum through an alpha sensor (3).
3. The while-drilling well leakage prediction and leak point measurement nipple of claim 1, wherein: the power supply part is connected with the measuring part and the data processing and transmitting part through electric wires and provides electric energy for the tool.
4. The while-drilling well leakage prediction and leak point measurement nipple of claim 1, wherein: the data processing and transmitting part is connected with the measuring part through a signal wire, processes the data signals measured by the measuring part and uploads the processed data signals to the ground through the transmitting part.
5. The while-drilling well leakage prediction and leak point measurement nipple of claim 1, wherein: the fixed support part fixes the power supply part, the measurement part and the data processing and transmission part of the measuring short joint in the middle and fixes the parts in the axial direction through fixing bolts.
6. The while-drilling well leakage prediction and leak point measurement nipple of claim 1, wherein: a cavity for arranging the alpha sensor (3) is formed in the side wall of the front end of the short section (18) and is provided with a reserved channel.
7. The while-drilling well leakage prediction and leak point measurement nipple of claim 1, wherein: and rubber sealing rings are arranged at the joints of the measuring part, the power supply part, the data processing and transmitting part and the fixed supporting part for sealing.
8. The while-drilling well leakage prediction and leak point measurement nipple of claim 1, wherein: the upper centering fixing ring (4), the middle centering fixing ring (9) and the lower centering fixing ring (16) are all designed in a spoke type structure and are provided with a drilling fluid circulation channel and a mud circulation channel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010678494.4A CN111648763B (en) | 2020-07-15 | 2020-07-15 | Short joint for leakage prediction and leakage point measurement while drilling |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010678494.4A CN111648763B (en) | 2020-07-15 | 2020-07-15 | Short joint for leakage prediction and leakage point measurement while drilling |
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| CN111648763A true CN111648763A (en) | 2020-09-11 |
| CN111648763B CN111648763B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113187464A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-30 | 中石化江钻石油机械有限公司 | Well drilling monitored control system with trouble early warning function in pit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113187464A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-30 | 中石化江钻石油机械有限公司 | Well drilling monitored control system with trouble early warning function in pit |
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| CN111648763B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
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