CN111645808A - Anchor chain inclination angle real-time acoustic detection system - Google Patents
Anchor chain inclination angle real-time acoustic detection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111645808A CN111645808A CN202010214888.4A CN202010214888A CN111645808A CN 111645808 A CN111645808 A CN 111645808A CN 202010214888 A CN202010214888 A CN 202010214888A CN 111645808 A CN111645808 A CN 111645808A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/20—Adaptations of chains, ropes, hawsers, or the like, or of parts thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C1/00—Measuring angles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/20—Adaptations of chains, ropes, hawsers, or the like, or of parts thereof
- B63B2021/203—Mooring cables or ropes, hawsers, or the like; Adaptations thereof
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a real-time acoustic detection system for an anchor chain inclination angle, which comprises: the inclination angle detection device is arranged on an anchor chain of the mooring system; the acoustic array group at least comprises a first acoustic array and a second acoustic array which are arranged at different positions at the bottom of the floating production oil storage device platform; the signal processing device is connected with the acoustic array signal through the signal transmission device; and the display control device is in signal connection with the signal processing device. According to the anchor chain inclination angle real-time acoustic detection system, under the conditions that the floating production oil storage device rotates, is shielded and is partially damaged, at least one acoustic array can be used for sending inquiry acoustic signals and receiving response acoustic signals, the problems that acoustic signal transmission is unstable and the detection system cannot be normally used due to shielding are avoided as much as possible, underwater sound of the acoustic array and the inclination angle detection device is guaranteed, connection is smooth, and the communication success rate and reliability of the system are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of safety monitoring of mooring systems, and particularly relates to a real-time acoustic detection system for an anchor chain inclination angle.
Background
The safety of a Floating Production Storage and Offloading unit (Floating Production Storage and Offloading unit) single-point mooring system is ensured, and the method is one of important links in safety management and guarantee of an FPSO fleet and also is a premise for ensuring normal operation of the FPSO; once the FPSO mooring system is damaged by various factors, the safety of the FPSO is greatly threatened, the light person stops production and closes the well, serious economic loss is brought, and the heavy person has the risk of oil spill, and ecological disasters can be caused. Therefore, in order to ensure that the mooring system works normally in place, the state of the mooring system needs to be monitored.
The anchor chain attitude is a key parameter for describing the state of the mooring system under the combined action of various loads, and the monitoring of the anchor chain state can be realized by measuring the change of the anchor chain inclination angle; that is, the tension of the anchor chain is estimated by measuring the inclination angle of each anchor chain. When the tension of the anchor chain is too large, an operator of the FPSO control room can be warned; in addition, the change situation of the average tension of the anchor chain can be obtained to give an early warning, and the original design can be verified and modified to provide a reference.
Due to the complexity of the natural environment of the ocean, long-time monitoring of the anchor chain attitude is very difficult. At present, the underwater sensor monitoring anchor chain attitude technology adopted at home and abroad can be divided into three categories according to data transmission modes: online, self-contained and acoustic transmission. The online data transmission mode is characterized in that an inclination angle sensor is arranged on an anchor chain, power is supplied by a cable, and an anchor chain inclination measurement signal is directly transmitted to a central control room, so that underwater measurement data can be acquired in real time for a long time, but due to the complexity of the marine environment and the specificity of platform application, cable routing is very difficult, construction difficulty is high, and maintenance is inconvenient; the self-contained data transmission mode is a measuring instrument with a self-contained battery and a memory card, the measuring instrument is arranged on an anchor chain, measuring data temporarily exist in the self-contained memory card, the inclinometer is recovered underwater after a period of time to read the measuring data, the early investment is small, the installation and the construction are convenient, but the self-contained data transmission mode can only be applied to occasions with low real-time requirements on the data and can not meet the requirements of real-time monitoring; the acoustic transmission type data transmission mode is based on a self-contained newly developed intelligent instrument with an acoustic communication function, a measurement signal is transmitted to a platform in real time through underwater acoustic communication, real-time monitoring can be achieved, data can be obtained in real time, duplex communication with the platform is achieved underwater, measurement parameter adjustment can be achieved according to field requirements, however, the device is powered underwater through a battery, underwater monitoring time is limited, and monitoring frequency is not high.
Although the traditional sound transmission type equipment has been developed and the popularization and application on anchor chain detection are realized, the traditional sound transmission type equipment is easy to break down in practical use, has the problems of intermittent underwater acoustic communication, disconnection of an underwater inclinometer, quick exhaustion of battery power of the inclinometer and the like, and cannot be normally used. In addition, the device is a standardized device, has no specific on-site environment pertinence, and has high maintenance cost and long period.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a real-time acoustic detection system for an anchor chain inclination angle, aiming at the problems that the traditional acoustic transmission type equipment is easy to break down during anchor chain detection, and has the defects of intermittence during underwater acoustic communication, loss of connection of an underwater inclination angle instrument and incapability of normal use.
The invention provides a real-time acoustic detection system for an anchor chain inclination angle, which comprises:
the inclination angle detection device is arranged on an anchor chain of the mooring system;
the system comprises an acoustic array group, a floating production and storage device platform and a control unit, wherein the acoustic array group at least comprises a first acoustic array and a second acoustic array, and the first acoustic array and the second acoustic array are arranged at different positions of the bottom of the floating production and storage device platform;
the signal processing device is connected with the acoustic array signal through a signal transmission device; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the display control device is in signal connection with the signal processing device.
In one embodiment, the acoustic array group is used for emitting an interrogation acoustic signal with a certain frequency, a certain period and a certain pulse width;
the inclination angle detection device is used for receiving the inquiry sound signal and sending a response sound signal after confirming that the inquiry sound signal is received;
the acoustic array group is also used for receiving the response acoustic signal, preprocessing the response acoustic signal and transmitting the preprocessed response acoustic signal to the signal processing device through the signal transmission device;
the signal processing device sends the inclination angle data obtained according to the response sound signals to the display control device;
and the display control device is used for displaying the inclination angle data and controlling the anchor chain inclination angle real-time acoustic detection system.
In one embodiment, the acoustic array set employs a hot standby mode of operation.
In one embodiment, the acoustic array group and the tilt angle detection device perform underwater acoustic communication by using an underwater acoustic communication mode of pulse delay difference and multi-frequency symbol combination coding.
In one embodiment, the tilt angle detection device adopts a duty circuit power management mode.
In one embodiment, the tilt angle detecting device adopts an acoustic signal receiving and transmitting mode that simultaneously receives the inquiry acoustic signal and time-divisionally transmits the response acoustic signal after confirming the reception of the inquiry acoustic signal.
In one embodiment, the acoustic array group is mounted at the bottom of the floating production and storage device platform in a lifting rod mounting mode.
In one embodiment, the acoustic array group is powered by a cable.
In one embodiment, the first acoustic array and the second acoustic array are respectively installed at two sides of the bottom of the floating production and storage unit platform.
The anchor chain inclination angle real-time acoustic detection system at least comprises a first acoustic array and a second acoustic array, wherein the first acoustic array and the second acoustic array preferably adopt a hot backup mode, at least one acoustic array can be used for sending inquiry acoustic signals and receiving response acoustic signals under the conditions that the floating production oil storage device rotates, is shielded and is partially damaged, the problems that acoustic signal transmission is unstable and the detection system cannot be normally used due to shielding are avoided as far as possible, underwater sound of the acoustic array and the inclination angle detection device is guaranteed, connection is smooth, and the communication success rate and reliability of the anchor chain inclination angle real-time acoustic detection system are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a real-time acoustic inspection system for chain inclination angles in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic signal transmission diagram of the anchor chain inclination angle real-time acoustic detection system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the real-time acoustic detection system for an inclination angle of an anchor chain according to the present invention includes an inclination angle detection device 110, an acoustic array group 120, a signal processing device 130, and a display control device 140. Wherein, the inclination angle detecting device 110 is arranged on an anchor chain of the mooring system; the acoustic array group 120 at least comprises a first acoustic array and a second acoustic array, wherein the first acoustic array and the second acoustic array are arranged at different positions of the bottom of the floating production oil storage device platform; the signal processing device 130 is in signal connection with the acoustic array group 120 through a signal transmission device; the display control device 140, the display control device 140 and the signal processing device 130 are in signal connection. The tilt angle detecting device 110 may be a tilt meter, and the display control device 140 may be a display control computer.
In the real-time acoustic detection system for the anchor chain inclination angle, the acoustic array group 120 at least includes a first acoustic array and a second acoustic array, and the first acoustic array and the second acoustic array preferably adopt a backup mode of hot backup. The conventional inclination angle detection device 110 is often connected with an acoustic array to cause an unstable phenomenon or loss of connection, and research and analysis show that the situation is mostly due to factors such as obstruction, marine organism attachment and the like, so that the acoustic signals are not ideal in receiving, sending and ship speed, and a Data Acquisition Unit (DAU) of the acoustic array adopts a cold backup mode and cannot work simultaneously, so that communication is unstable. Compared with the traditional inclination angle detection mode, the anchor chain inclination angle real-time acoustic detection system has the advantages that under the conditions of rotation, shielding and partial damage of the floating production oil storage device, at least one acoustic array can be used for sending an inquiry acoustic signal and receiving a response acoustic signal, the problems that acoustic signal transmission is unstable and the detection system cannot be normally used due to shielding are avoided as much as possible, underwater sound of the acoustic array and the inclination angle detection device 110 is guaranteed, connection is smooth, and the communication success rate and reliability of the anchor chain inclination angle real-time acoustic detection system are improved. Compared with the traditional online inclination angle detection scheme, the construction is easy to solve; compared with the traditional self-contained inclination angle detection scheme, the method has the advantage of measurement real-time property. In other embodiments, the acoustic array group may be configured with a plurality of acoustic arrays according to actual needs, for example, the acoustic array group further includes a third acoustic array, a fourth acoustic array, and so on, and the plurality of acoustic arrays are configured at different positions of the bottom of the FPSO according to relative defenses of the anchor chain and the FPSO, so as to ensure the smoothness of the acoustic signals between the acoustic arrays and the tilt angle detection device.
In the real-time acoustic detection system for the anchor chain inclination angle, the acoustic array group 120 is used for sending out an inquiry acoustic signal with a certain frequency, a certain period and a certain pulse width; the inclination angle detection device 110 is configured to receive the inquiry acoustic signal and send out a response acoustic signal after confirming that the inquiry acoustic signal is received; the acoustic array is further configured to receive the response acoustic signal, pre-process the response acoustic signal, and transmit the pre-processed response acoustic signal to the signal processing device 130 through the signal transmission device; the signal processing device 130 sends the inclination angle data obtained according to the response acoustic signal to the display control device 140; the display and control device 140 is used for displaying inclination angle data and controlling the anchor chain inclination angle real-time acoustic detection system. Optionally, the first acoustic array of the acoustic array set 120 and the second acoustic array emit interrogation acoustic signals with at least one of different frequencies, periods, and pulse widths.
As an alternative embodiment, the acoustic matrix set 120 employs a hot standby mode of operation. The first acoustic array and the second acoustic array are set with the data acquisition unit in a hot backup working mode, at least one acoustic array can receive the response acoustic signal of the inclination angle detection device 110 under the condition that the FPSO is rotated or shielded, the problem of unstable signal transmission caused by shielding is avoided as much as possible, the smooth underwater acoustic communication connection between the acoustic array group 120 and the inclination angle detection device 110 is ensured, and the success rate and the reliability of the underwater acoustic communication of the system are improved.
Preferably, the acoustic array and the tilt detection apparatus 110 perform underwater acoustic communication by using an underwater acoustic communication method of pulse delay difference and multi-frequency symbol combination coding. The invention designs a special underwater sound communication signal system, which is different from the traditional underwater sound communication remote measuring method that the duty ratio of a modulation signal is large, the energy consumption is high, and the long-term underwater work requirement of the inclination angle detection device 110 is difficult to meet, the invention adopts the inclination angle remote measuring technology of pulse time delay difference and multi-frequency combined coding to carry out the underwater sound communication, the underwater sound communication mode is easy to realize and has better robustness, compared with the traditional communication remote measuring method, the energy consumption is reduced by about 75 percent, the error rate is low and is about 10 percent-3～10-5And is suitable for the long-term stable work of underwater equipment under severe conditions.
More preferably, the tilt angle detecting device 110 employs a duty circuit power management method.
The conventional inclination angle detection device 110 works underwater, is powered by a battery, and is often operated only for one year, so that the operation time of the inclination angle detection device 110 is short, and the underwater maintenance is difficult and the detection cost is increased due to the reasons that the underwater acoustic communication equipment is high in power consumption, low in battery capacity, or the equipment is in an operating state for a long time. In the invention, the underwater equipment of the anchor chain inclination real-time acoustic detection system is designed by adopting low-power-consumption components, and the inclination detection device 110 adopts on-duty circuit power supply management, so that the device has the functions of dormancy and awakening, can reduce the standby power consumption of the system and prolong the working time of the system. In addition, the inclination angle detecting device 110 preferably employs a battery pack having a high specific energy and a long life.
Still more preferably, the tilt angle detecting device 110 employs an acoustic signal receiving and transmitting method that simultaneously receives the inquiry acoustic signal and time-divisionally transmits the response acoustic signal after confirming the reception of the inquiry acoustic signal. The method of receiving and sending underwater sound signals, which simultaneously receives the inquiry sound signals and sends out response sound signals in a time-sharing manner after the inquiry sound signals are confirmed to be received, can ensure the working time of the system. In addition, the transmission and the reception of the underwater sound signals can be controlled by measures such as underwater sound remote control and the like, so that the controllability of the system is improved, and the working time and the working efficiency of the system are ensured.
As a preferred embodiment, the acoustic array group 120 is installed at the bottom of the floating production and storage unit platform by using a lifting rod installation manner; further preferably, the acoustic array group 120 is powered by a cable. Traditional acoustics array generally adopts the fixed mode of magnetic path, and the surface of acoustics array transducer often can adhere to more marine life along with the lapse of time, the maintenance and the clearance in later stage of being not convenient for. In the invention, the acoustic array group 120 is installed by adopting a lifting rod mode, so that the underwater construction and maintenance difficulty can be reduced, the maintenance and the cleaning are convenient, and in addition, the underwater cable can be prevented from being cut off by external force; meanwhile, the acoustic array group 120 adopts a cable power supply mode, so that the energy problem does not exist.
Further optionally, the acoustic array group 120 adopts a sacrificial anode to solve the marine corrosion problem, and the surface of the transducer of the acoustic array group adopts a marine organism adhesion resisting technology, so that the power supply stability is improved, and the influence of marine organism adhesion on acoustic signal transmission is reduced, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the acoustic signal transmitting and receiving functions of the anchor chain inclination real-time acoustic detection system.
As an alternative embodiment, the first acoustic array and the second acoustic array are respectively arranged at two sides of the bottom of the floating production oil storage device platform.
In the anchor chain inclination angle real-time acoustic detection system, a plurality of inclinometers are respectively arranged on each anchor chain; the first acoustic array and the second acoustic emergency treatment are respectively installed on two sides of the bottom of the FPSO platform through lifting rods, the first acoustic array and the second acoustic array are respectively connected with the signal processing device 130 through signal transmission cables, and meanwhile, the first acoustic array and the second acoustic array are respectively and electrically connected with a power supply through power cables; in addition, the signal processing device 130 is also in signal connection with the display control device 140. Generally, the signal processing device 130 and the display control device 140 are disposed in a control room of the FPSO platform. When the anchor chain inclination angle real-time acoustic detection system works, a worker controls the anchor chain inclination angle real-time acoustic detection system through the display and control device 140, and then controls the signal processing equipment to send out an inquiry acoustic signal with a certain frequency, a certain period and a certain pulse width through the acoustic array group 120; after the interrogation acoustic signal is propagated through the water, the interrogation acoustic signal is received by the inclination angle detection device 110 mounted on the anchor chain; after the inclination angle detection processing is confirmed, based on the data of the included angle between the anchor chain and the horizontal plane detected by the inclination angle detection device 110, returning a response acoustic signal comprising information of modulating the inclination angle of the anchor chain and the like; the returned response acoustic signals are received by the acoustic array group 120 in a hot backup manner, so that real-time detection of a plurality of anchor chain measuring points is realized, the first acoustic array and the second acoustic array can respectively receive the same response acoustic signal under normal conditions, but under special conditions, for example, under the condition that a certain acoustic array and the inclination angle detection device 110 on a certain anchor chain are shielded, the other acoustic arrays can receive corresponding response acoustic signals, namely under any condition, at least one acoustic array is used for receiving a certain response acoustic signal; the acoustic signal received by the acoustic array is processed by a preprocessing circuit in the acoustic array, and then converted into an electric signal, and the electric signal is transmitted to the signal processing device 130 through the signal transmission device for decoding and calculation; preferably, the signal processing device 130 provides the decoded and calculated inclination angle data to the integrated monitoring and evaluation system for calculating the stress and linear analysis of the anchor chain, recording and final evaluation, and then displaying the result to the worker through the display and control device 140, so that the tension state analysis and safety prediction of the anchor chain of the single point mooring system are realized, and the requirements of long-time, stable, reliable and high-precision measurement of the inclination angle of the anchor chain in the FPSO operation process are met.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A real-time acoustic detection system of anchor chain inclination angle, characterized in that, the real-time acoustic detection system of anchor chain inclination angle includes:
the inclination angle detection device (110), the inclination angle detection device (110) is arranged on an anchor chain of the mooring system;
the acoustic array group (120), the acoustic array group (120) at least comprises a first acoustic array and a second acoustic array, and the first acoustic array and the second acoustic array are arranged at different positions at the bottom of the floating production oil storage device platform;
the signal processing device (130) is connected with the acoustic array signals through a signal transmission device (130); and the number of the first and second groups,
and the display control device (140), the display control device (140) and the signal processing device (130) are in signal connection.
2. The real-time acoustic detection system of anchor chain inclination angle of claim 1, characterized in that said acoustic array group (120) is configured to emit an interrogation acoustic signal of a certain frequency, a certain period and a certain pulse width;
the inclination angle detection device (110) is used for receiving the inquiry sound signal and sending out a response sound signal after confirming that the inquiry sound signal is received;
the acoustic array group (120) is further used for receiving the response acoustic signals, preprocessing the response acoustic signals and transmitting the preprocessed response acoustic signals to the signal processing device (130) through the signal transmission device;
the signal processing device (130) sends the inclination angle data obtained according to the response sound signals to the display and control device (140);
and the display and control device (140) is used for displaying the inclination angle data and controlling the anchor chain inclination angle real-time acoustic detection system.
3. The real-time acoustic detection system of anchor chain inclination according to claim 1, characterized in that said acoustic matrix group (120) employs a hot standby mode of operation.
4. The real-time acoustic detection system of anchor chain inclination angle of claim 1, characterized in that the acoustic array group (120) and the inclination angle detection device (110) are in underwater acoustic communication by using an underwater acoustic communication mode of pulse delay difference and multi-frequency symbol combination coding.
5. The real-time acoustic detection system of anchor chain inclination angle of claim 1, characterized in that said inclination angle detection device (110) employs an on-duty circuit power management.
6. A real-time acoustic detection system for anchor chain inclination angles according to claim 1, characterized in that said inclination angle detection device (110) employs an acoustic signal reception and transmission mode for simultaneously receiving said interrogation acoustic signal and time-divisionally transmitting said response acoustic signal after confirming receipt of said interrogation acoustic signal.
7. The real-time acoustic detection system of anchor chain inclination angle of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said acoustic matrix group (120) is installed at the bottom of the floating production and storage unit platform by using a lifter installation method.
8. The real-time acoustic detection system of anchor chain inclination according to claim 7, characterized in that said acoustic matrix group (120) is powered by cable.
9. The system of claim 7, wherein the first acoustic array and the second acoustic array are mounted on opposite sides of the bottom of the floating production and storage unit platform.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113911289A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-01-11 | 中交第三航务工程局有限公司 | Method for monitoring operation period of floating type fan semi-submersible type platform |
| CN114459433A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-05-10 | 中国船舶重工集团公司七五0试验场 | Underwater sound response type multi-target inclination angle synchronous acquisition system and method |
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