CN111644902A

CN111644902A - Displacement compensation type multi-spindle machining center

Info

Publication number: CN111644902A
Application number: CN202010530085.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周雄强; 张梁; 李钻
Original assignee: Hangzhou Good Friend Precision Machinery Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Good Friend Precision Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-11
Filing date: 2020-06-11
Publication date: 2020-09-11

Abstract

The invention discloses a deflection compensation type multi-spindle machining center which comprises a main base, a main stand column, a saddle, a workbench and at least two spindle machining units, wherein the stand column is fixed on the main base, the spindle machining units are connected to the stand column in a sliding mode, a Z-axis driving device is arranged between each spindle machining unit and the stand column, each spindle machining unit comprises a spindle and a unit main body, the spindles are installed on the unit main bodies, an X-axis direction deflection compensation mechanism is arranged between each spindle machining unit and the main stand column, each X-axis direction deflection compensation mechanism comprises a unit base plate, a guide rail and a motor, the guide rails are arranged on the unit base plates, the unit main bodies are connected to the guide rails in a sliding mode, and a transmission mechanism is. The invention can compensate fine displacement of each processing point on the workpiece in the X-axis direction.

Description

Displacement compensation type multi-spindle machining center

Technical Field

The invention relates to a numerical control machine processing device, in particular to a deflection compensation type multi-spindle processing center.

Background

In a conventional machining center, a saddle and a table are moved in the vertical direction in the X-axis direction and the front-rear direction in the Y-axis direction, a position of a workpiece on the table on a horizontal plane is set, a spindle machining unit is moved in the vertical direction in the Z-axis direction, and a rotating spindle machines a surface, a groove, a hole, and the like. In order to improve the processing efficiency, some processing center manufacturers have introduced a multi-spindle type processing center having a plurality of spindles and capable of simultaneously processing a plurality of processing points on the same workpiece. However, when a plurality of machining points are machined, the positions of the workpiece on the respective planes may be finely displaced due to thermal deformation and other factors, and the relative positions of the machining points may also be changed, which inevitably causes variations in the final machining of the workpiece if the workpiece is machined according to the previously set parameters. Therefore, a user generates a new equipment development requirement, and expects that one or more of the multiple main shafts can additionally move finely, and the position of the main shaft is correspondingly adjusted according to the detected workpiece displacement information, so that the multi-main-shaft machining center can overcome the influence of factors such as thermal deformation and the like, and the machining precision is ensured. The invention with publication number CN104942651B is dedicated to 2019, 2 month and 19, and discloses a thermal displacement compensation device for a machine tool, comprising: a detection result determination unit that determines whether or not the actual position is a position based on correct detection, based on the actual position detected by the position detection unit and a reference position; a compensation error calculation unit that calculates a compensation error of the actual position when it is determined that the detection result is based on a result of correct detection; and a compensation amount correction unit that corrects the thermal displacement compensation amount based on the compensation error. The invention relates to a control part for realizing the thermal displacement compensation of the machine tool, and does not relate to a specific actuator for completing the compensation.

Disclosure of Invention

When a multi-spindle machining center simultaneously machines a plurality of machining points of the same workpiece, due to thermal deformation and other factors, the positions of the planes of the workpiece can generate fine displacement, and the relative positions of the machining points also change.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a compensation formula that shifts many main shafts machining center, including the main base, the head tree, the saddle, workstation and two at least main shaft processing units, the stand is fixed on the main base, main shaft processing unit sliding connection is equipped with Z axle drive arrangement on the stand and between main shaft processing unit and the stand, main shaft processing unit includes main shaft and unit main part, the main shaft is installed in the unit main part, be equipped with X axle direction compensation mechanism that shifts between main shaft processing unit and the head tree, X axle direction compensation mechanism that shifts includes the unit base plate, guide rail and motor, the guide rail is located on the unit base plate, unit main part sliding connection is on the guide rail, even there is drive mechanism between motor and unit main part. The workpiece to be machined is positioned on the workbench, the saddle and the workbench move in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction in a coordinated mode, the workpiece machining point is corresponding to the spindle on the horizontal plane, then the spindle machining unit moves in the Z-axis direction, and machining is conducted through the rotating spindle pair. When relative fine displacement in the X-axis direction of each processing point on the workpiece occurs due to thermal deformation and other factors, fine motion compensation can be performed through the X-axis direction displacement compensation mechanism, namely, the motor driving unit main body slides on the guide rail, and the unit main body compensates the change of the relative position in the X-axis direction between the processing points in the X-axis direction of the guide rail, so that the influence of factors such as thermal deformation is overcome, and the processing precision of a multi-spindle processing center is ensured.

Preferably, the transmission mechanism comprises a ball screw and a screw support, the screw support is fixed on the unit substrate, the motor is fixed at one end of the screw support, the ball screw is rotatably connected to the screw support, one end of the ball screw penetrates through one end face of the screw support and is in threaded connection with the unit main body, and the other end of the ball screw is in transmission connection with the output end of the motor. Through the transmission mechanism, a transmission path from the motor to the unit substrate can be constructed in a limited space, so that the unit substrate can carry out controllable motion, and the realization of a micro-motion compensation function is ensured.

Preferably, the unit main body is provided with a connecting plate, the guide rail is provided with a sliding block, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the sliding block. The connecting plate is fixedly connected with the sliding block, so that the sliding block can bear the sliding of the unit main body on the guide rail, and the realization of the micro-motion compensation function is ensured.

Preferably, a linear displacement sensor is fixedly arranged on the unit substrate, and a telescopic probe rod of the linear displacement sensor is parallel to the guide rail and is connected with the unit substrate. The linear displacement sensor can detect the displacement of the unit substrate on the guide rail, and ensure that the displacement of the unit substrate can be accurately controlled, thereby accurately compensating the change of the relative position of each processing point of the workpiece in the Y-axis direction.

Preferably, the unit main body is provided with a containing cavity, a spindle driving motor is arranged in the containing cavity, and the spindle is connected with an output shaft of the spindle driving motor outside the containing cavity. The machining center can produce a large amount of iron fillings and drench the cutting fluid simultaneously when working, and spindle drive motor sets up can shield scattered iron fillings and cutting fluid in holding the intracavity, prevents that spindle drive motor from being polluted, jamming and short circuit.

Preferably, the Z-axis driving device comprises a lifting screw and a lifting motor, the lifting motor is fixed on the main upright post, the lifting screw is rotatably connected to the main upright post and is in transmission connection with the output end of the lifting motor, and the lifting screw is in threaded connection with the unit substrate. The Z-axis driving device with the structure can stably and accurately drive the main shaft machining unit to realize the motion in the Z-axis direction.

Preferably, a honeycomb-shaped lattice structure is arranged inside the main upright post. The arrangement can improve the resistance to the internal stress of the main upright post and provide better supporting strength.

Preferably, the guide rail includes an upper guide rail and a lower guide rail, and both the upper guide rail and the lower guide rail are arranged along the X-axis direction and are fixed on the unit substrate by screws. Parallel rails may provide a more balanced support structure.

Preferably, the saddle is connected to the main base in a sliding mode, a Y-axis driving mechanism is connected between the saddle and the main base, the workbench is connected to the saddle in a sliding mode, the saddle is connected to the Y-axis driving mechanism, and an X-axis driving mechanism is connected between the workbench and the saddle. The saddle moves along the Y-axis direction under the drive of the Y-axis drive mechanism, the workbench can move along the X-axis direction under the drive of the X-axis drive mechanism, and the workpiece can be moved to any position in the horizontal plane under the coordination of the saddle and the workbench, so that the machining point on the workpiece corresponds to the position of the main shaft.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the fine displacement of each processing point on the workpiece in the X-axis direction can be compensated by fine motion. The X-axis direction displacement compensation mechanism can perform micro-motion compensation, when the fine displacement in the X-axis direction of each processing point on the workpiece occurs due to thermal deformation and other factors, namely the motor driving unit main body slides on the guide rail to compensate the change of the relative position in the X-axis direction between each processing point, thereby overcoming the influence of factors such as thermal deformation and the like and ensuring the processing precision of a multi-spindle processing center.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a spindle machining unit according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the X-axis displacement compensation mechanism according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure inside the main column according to the present invention.

In the figure, 10-Z-axis driving device, 20-main shaft, 30-X-axis direction deflection compensation mechanism, 31-unit base plate, 32-upper rail, 33-lower rail, 34-motor, 35-ball screw, 36-screw rod bracket, 37-connecting plate, 38-sliding block, 39-limiting block, 40-unit main body, 100-main upright post, 200-main base, 300-saddle, 310-Y-axis driving mechanism and 400-workbench.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 to 5, a deflection compensation type multi-spindle machining center includes a main base 200, a main column 100, a saddle 300, a table 400, two spindle machining units, and a workpiece pallet exchanging mechanism. The main upright 100 is fixed on the main base 200 and is perpendicular to the ground, and a honeycomb-shaped lattice structure is arranged inside the main upright 100. Main shaft processing unit sliding connection has Y axle actuating mechanism 310 between saddle 300 and main base 200 on main column 100, saddle 300 sliding connection has main base 200, and workstation 400 sliding connection has X axle actuating mechanism between saddle 400 and saddle 300 on saddle 300, saddle 300 connects on Y axle actuating mechanism 310. The main shaft processing unit includes a main shaft 20, an X-axis direction displacement compensation mechanism 30, and a unit main body 40, the main shaft 20 is mounted on the unit main body 40, and the Z-axis drive device 10 is provided between the main shaft processing unit and the main column 100. The unit body 40 is provided with a spindle driving motor, and the spindle 20 is connected to an output shaft of the spindle driving motor. The X-axis displacement compensation mechanism 30 includes a unit substrate 31, a guide rail and a motor 34, the unit substrate 31 is slidably connected to a lifting slide rail on the main column 100, the Z-axis driving device 10 includes a lifting screw and a lifting motor, the lifting motor is fixed on the main column 100, the lifting screw is rotatably connected to the main column 100 and is in transmission connection with an output end of the lifting motor, and the lifting screw is in threaded connection with the unit substrate 31. The guide rail is composed of an upper rail 32 and a lower rail 33 which are parallel to each other, and the upper rail 32 and the lower rail 33 are arranged in the X-axis direction and fixed to the unit base plate 31 by screws. Connecting plates 37 are arranged at four corners of the unit main body 40, sliding blocks 38 are arranged on the upper track 32 and the lower track 33, the connecting plates 37 are fixedly connected with the sliding blocks 38 through screws, so that the unit main body 40 is connected onto the guide rails in a sliding mode, and limiting blocks 39 are arranged at the end portions of the upper track 32 and the lower track 33 and used for limiting the sliding range of the unit main body 40. Even there is drive mechanism between motor 34 and unit main part 40, and this drive mechanism includes ball screw 35 and screw support 36, and screw support 36 is the rectangular box body, and screw support 36 fixes on unit base plate 31, and motor 34 fixes at screw support 36 lower extreme, and ball screw 35 one end runs through a terminal surface of screw support 36 and with unit main part 40 threaded connection, and the ball screw 35 other end passes through the shaft coupling with motor 34 output. A linear displacement sensor is fixedly arranged on the unit substrate 31, and a telescopic probe rod of the linear displacement sensor is parallel to the guide rail and is connected with the unit substrate 31.

The multi-spindle machining center operates under the control of a control system, the workbench 400 moves on the saddle 300 along the X-axis direction, the saddle 300 moves along the Y-axis direction, and a workpiece moves to a spindle machining unit along with the workbench 400 for machining. The multi-spindle machining center can detect the deformation of a workpiece through a deformation detection device, and the control system judges whether the actual position is the correct position after the actual position detected by the deformation detection device is compared with the reference position. If the position is judged to be wrong, the control system outputs an action command to the motor 34 to drive the ball screw 35 to rotate, the rotation between the ball screw 35 and the unit main body 40 is converted into axial pushing, the unit main body 40 moves along the guide rail, the unit main body 40 compensates the change of the relative position of the workpiece in the X-axis direction between two processing points due to deformation in the X-axis direction, and finally the distance between the two main shaft processing units is finely adjusted to adapt to the deformation of the workpiece.

Example 2:

the number of the main shaft processing units is three. The rest is the same as example 1.

Example 3:

the number of the main shaft processing units is four. The rest is the same as example 1.

Claims

1. A deflection compensation type multi-spindle machining center comprises a main base (200), a main upright post (100), a saddle (300), a workbench (400) and at least two spindle machining units, wherein the upright post (100) is fixed on the main base (200), the spindle machining units are connected to the upright post (100) in a sliding mode, a Z-axis driving device (10) is arranged between each spindle machining unit and the corresponding upright post (100), each spindle machining unit comprises a spindle (20) and a unit main body (40), the spindles (20) are installed on the unit main bodies (40), the X-axis direction deflection compensation mechanism is arranged between the spindle machining unit and the main upright post (100) and comprises a unit base plate (31), a guide rail and a motor (34), the guide rail is arranged on the unit base plate (31), the unit main body (40) is connected onto the guide rail in a sliding mode, and a transmission mechanism is connected between the motor (34) and the unit main body (40).

2. The deflection-compensated multi-spindle machining center according to claim 1, wherein the transmission mechanism includes a ball screw (35) and a screw bracket (36), the screw bracket (36) is fixed to the unit base plate (31), the motor (34) is fixed to one end of the screw bracket (36), the ball screw (35) is rotatably connected to the screw bracket (36), one end of the ball screw (35) penetrates through one end face of the screw bracket (36) and is in threaded connection with the unit body (40), and the other end of the ball screw (35) is in transmission connection with an output end of the motor (34).

3. The deflection-compensated multi-spindle machining center according to claim 1, wherein a connecting plate (37) is disposed on the unit body (40), a sliding block (38) is disposed on the guide rail, and the connecting plate (37) is fixedly connected with the sliding block (38).

4. The machining center of claim 1, wherein a linear displacement sensor is fixed on the unit base plate (31), and a telescopic probe of the linear displacement sensor is parallel to the guide rail and connected with the unit base plate (31).

5. The deflection-compensated multi-spindle machining center according to claim 1, wherein the unit body (40) is provided with a cavity, a spindle driving motor is disposed in the cavity, and the spindle (20) is connected to an output shaft of the spindle driving motor outside the cavity.

6. The deflection-compensated multi-spindle machining center according to claim 1, wherein the Z-axis driving device (10) comprises a lifting screw and a lifting motor, the lifting motor is fixed on the main column (100), the lifting screw is rotatably connected to the main column (100) and is in transmission connection with an output end of the lifting motor, and the lifting screw is in threaded connection with the unit base plate (31).

7. The deflection-compensated multi-spindle machining center according to claim 1, wherein the main columns (100) are provided with a honeycomb-shaped lattice structure inside.

8. The deflection-compensated multi-spindle machining center according to claim 1, wherein the guide rails include an upper guide rail and a lower guide rail, both of which are disposed along the X-axis direction and fixed to the unit base plate (31) by screws.

9. The deflection-compensated multi-spindle machining center according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a saddle (300) is slidably coupled to the main base (200), a Y-axis transmission mechanism is coupled between the saddle (300) and the main base (200), a worktable (400) is slidably coupled to the saddle (300), the saddle (300) is coupled to a Y-axis driving mechanism, and an X-axis transmission mechanism is coupled between the worktable (400) and the saddle (300).