CN111644822B - Method for processing box body of primary mirror chamber of 4m telescope - Google Patents
Method for processing box body of primary mirror chamber of 4m telescope Download PDFInfo
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- CN111644822B CN111644822B CN202010627780.8A CN202010627780A CN111644822B CN 111644822 B CN111644822 B CN 111644822B CN 202010627780 A CN202010627780 A CN 202010627780A CN 111644822 B CN111644822 B CN 111644822B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for processing a 4m telescope main mirror chamber box body, which belongs to the technical field of telescopes and comprises four steps of part preparation, workpiece assembling and welding, workpiece annealing treatment and workpiece milling machine processing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of telescopes, and particularly relates to a method for processing a 4m telescope primary mirror chamber box body.
Background
An optical telescope is a telescope used for collecting visible light. In the observation process of the ground-based photoelectric detection equipment on the aerial target, the large telescope plays an important role. In the past 20 years, 4 m-grade optical telescopes which are put into use at home and abroad are more and more, and only a few large-scale optical telescopes which are successfully researched and developed in China.
The box body of the primary mirror chamber of the 4 m-grade optical telescope has extremely high requirements, and mainly comprises the following points: (1) the main mirror chamber box body is mainly formed by welding an upper panel and a lower panel, the upper panel and the lower panel are respectively formed by welding delta 10 and delta 6 steel plates, machining allowance of 10mm is reserved on 12 edges, a welding groove is machined by a planer, the unfitness of butt joint of a welding seam does not exceed 0.5mm, the welding seam is completely welded, UT flaw detection is qualified in level II, the upper panel and the lower panel are welded, after the flaw detection is qualified, the upper panel and the lower panel are integrally leveled, and the flatness does not exceed 0.05 mm; (2) 60 axial support columns and 48 radial support columns are arranged between the upper panel and the lower panel, and the flatness requirement of the installation end surfaces of the radial support columns and the axial support columns is 0.05 mm; (3) the number of the main lens chamber is 6, each sub-area is required to be sealed, the vacuumizing operation can be performed, and the requirement on the sealing degree is high; (4) the interior of the main mirror chamber needs to be painted, and two annealing processes are needed in the processing process, so that the requirement on painting is high, and the paint is prevented from falling; (5) processing a radial support column welding hole and an axial support column welding hole, wherein the hole distance is smaller than 0.01mm through infrared detection error; (6) after the processing is finished, the interior of the box body of the main mirror chamber needs to be cleaned, and the cleanliness of the interior of the box body of the main mirror chamber is kept; (7) the processed box body of the main mirror chamber has requirements on weight.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for processing a 4m telescope main mirror chamber box body, which comprises four steps of part preparation, workpiece welding, workpiece annealing treatment and workpiece milling machine processing, wherein a process platform is jointly used in the workpiece welding, the workpiece annealing treatment and the workpiece milling machine processing, so that the workpiece deformation in the welding process, the annealing process and the milling machine processing process is effectively prevented, and the finally processed workpiece can meet the use requirement of a 4m telescope.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for processing a 4m telescope primary mirror chamber box body is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing parts: welding the steel plate into an upper panel and a lower panel which are 5000mm multiplied by 5000mm, processing a first radial support column welding hole and a first axial support column welding hole on the upper panel, and processing a second radial support column welding hole, a second axial support column welding hole and a rib plate welding groove on the lower panel; processing by using a steel plate to obtain 12 edge strips with the thickness of 1200mm multiplied by 450mm and 6 rib plates with the thickness of 1200mm multiplied by 450 mm; processing to obtain a radial supporting column and an axial supporting column;
(2) assembling and welding a workpiece: pressing the upper panel on the process platform, pre-assembling all the axial support columns and the radial support columns with the upper panel, then spot-welding the axial support columns and the radial support columns on the rib plates, and the rib plates with the upper panel, and detecting whether the assembly is in place; after confirming that no error exists, spot welding the axial support column and the radial support column on the rib plate and the lower panel; after the workpiece is fixed with the process platform by using bolts, drawing out the axial support columns and the radial support columns which need to be assembled for the second time, and welding and fixing the axial support columns and the radial support columns on the rib plates and the rib plates with the upper panel and the lower panel; then, sequentially assembling and welding the axial supporting column and the radial supporting column which need to be assembled for the second time from inside to outside; then welding and fixing the side plates, the upper panel and the lower panel, and detaching the process platform after the process platform is qualified; placing the lower panel on a process platform, fixing a workpiece and the process platform by using bolts, and then firmly welding the axial support columns and the radial support columns which need to be assembled for the second time with the upper panel;
(3) annealing, sand blasting and primer treatment of the workpiece: annealing the workpiece and the process platform together, then detaching the process platform and the bolts, checking the deformation condition of the upper panel and the lower panel, and leveling; performing sand blasting and primer treatment on the processed workpiece;
(4) processing by a workpiece milling machine: and after the tooling of the process platform is reworked on duty, the lower plane of the workpiece is placed on the process platform, the upper panel is machined, then the process platform is detached, the upper plane of the workpiece is placed on the process platform, and the lower panel is machined.
Preferably, the part preparation comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: splicing and welding delta 10mm steel plates into an upper panel with the size of 5000mm multiplied by 5000mm, splicing and welding delta 6mm steel plates into a lower panel with the size of 5000mm multiplied by 5000mm, and processing the delta 10mm steel plates into 12 edge strips with the size of 1200mm multiplied by 450 mm;
step two: integrally leveling the upper panel and the lower panel;
step three: processing a first radial support column welding hole with the diameter of 200mm and a first axial support column welding hole with the diameter of 130mm on a numerical control planer type milling machine for an upper panel, and processing a second radial support column welding hole with the diameter of 180mm and a second axial support column welding hole with the diameter of 244mm on a numerical control planer type milling machine for a lower panel; processing a welding groove on the adjacent edge strips, and processing 6 rib plate plug welding grooves with the thickness of 1200mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 1mm on the lower panel;
step four: integrally leveling the upper panel, the lower panel and the 12 edge strips, and carrying out sand blasting and high-temperature paint spraying;
step five: processing a delta 10mm steel plate to obtain a rib plate with the thickness of 1200mm multiplied by 450mm, leveling the rib plate, and finally spraying high-temperature paint in a sand blasting way;
step six: and processing to obtain an axial supporting column and a radial supporting column, and then carrying out sand blasting and high-temperature paint spraying.
Preferably, the workpiece welding comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pressing an upper panel on a process platform, marking 6 rib plate assembly lines on the upper panel, inserting an axial connecting plate into a first axial support column welding hole, simultaneously inserting a radial support flange into the first radial support column welding hole, firmly spot-welding the rib plates according to the rib plate assembly lines, and spot-welding the axial support columns and the radial supports on the rib plates with the upper panel;
step two: 1/6 radial support columns and axial support columns are assembled, and then the position degrees of the axial support columns and the radial support columns are detected by a laser tracker, so that the assembly is continued after the axial support columns and the axial support columns are assembled; hanging the lower panel on the rib plate, and checking whether the second axial support column welding hole, the second radial support column welding hole and the rib plate are respectively aligned with the axial large support cylinder, the radial support cylinder and the rib plate plug welding groove, so that whether the first axial support column welding hole, the first radial support column welding hole and the rib plate assembly line can be assembled in place or not is checked in a preassembling manner, and if no error is confirmed, the axial support column, the radial support column and the rib plate on the rib plate are firmly spot-welded with the lower panel and fixed;
step three: pressing the axial support column and the radial support column on the process platform by using bolts, drawing out the radial support column and the axial support column which need to be assembled for the second time, standing the workpiece and the process platform on the welding platform, and then welding and fixing the axial support column and the radial support column on the rib plate and the rib plate with the upper panel and the lower panel;
step four, after welding is completed, releasing stress, sequentially assembling and welding an axial supporting column and a radial supporting column which need to be assembled for the second time from inside to outside, releasing the stress after welding, then detecting welding seams of the rib plate, the radial supporting column and the axial supporting column, and welding seams of the rib plate, the upper panel and the lower panel, and finally detecting the position degrees of the axial supporting column and the radial supporting column, and assembling and welding the latter after one assembling and welding is fixed during assembling and welding;
fifthly, welding and fixing the side plates with the upper panel and the lower panel, and detaching the process platform after the process platform is qualified;
and step six, placing the lower panel on a process platform, fixing the workpiece and the process platform by using bolts, then firmly welding the axial support column and the radial support column which need to be assembled for the second time with the upper panel, releasing stress after welding is finished, and checking the position degree of the axial support column and the radial support column.
Preferably, when the axial support columns and the radial support columns on the rib plates and the rib plates are welded and fixed with the upper panel and the lower panel, multi-layer and multi-path symmetrical welding with low current is carried out, welding seams of the radial support columns and the axial support columns and the rib plates are welded firstly, welding seams of the rib plates and the upper panel are welded finally, 1/6 is welded and stress is released, the axial support columns and the radial support columns which need secondary assembly are used for trial assembly, welding is continued after the axial support columns and the radial support columns are qualified, meanwhile, the position degree changes of the axial support columns and the radial support columns are measured at any time during welding, the welding position is adjusted, and welding stress is released at any time.
Preferably, when the deformation condition of the upper panel and the lower panel is inspected, the inspection comprises the inspection of whether the position degree and the verticality of the axial support columns and the radial support columns are less than 0.5mm, and the inspection of whether the flatness of the upper panel and the lower surface is less than 0.5 mm.
Preferably, the milling machine processing of the workpiece comprises the following steps:
step one, processing a tooling upper plate of a process platform to Ra3.2 with flatness of 0.05 mm;
secondly, placing a lower panel of the workpiece on a process platform, leveling and aligning by taking an upper panel as a reference, and rechecking whether the position degree and the verticality of the axial support column meet the requirements or not;
step three, after the inspection is qualified, processing the upper panel to Ra3.2 by using a milling machine, wherein the planeness is 0.05 mm; a plurality of phi 35 holes are processed on the upper panel, and the phi 35 holes are processed by rough drilling and then by a reamer to ensure concentricity;
step four, detaching the process platform, placing the upper plane of the workpiece on the process platform, and machining the lower panel to Ra3.2 by using a milling machine, wherein the planeness is 0.05 mm; a plurality of phi 35 holes are processed on the lower panel, and the phi 35 holes are roughly drilled and then processed by a reamer to ensure concentricity;
and fifthly, cleaning burrs.
The beneficial effects of this technical scheme are as follows: the method comprises four steps of part preparation, workpiece welding, workpiece annealing treatment and workpiece milling machine processing, and a process platform is jointly used in the workpiece welding, the workpiece annealing and the workpiece milling machine processing, so that the workpiece deformation in the welding process, the annealing process and the milling machine processing process is effectively prevented, and the finally processed workpiece can meet the use requirement of a 4m telescope.
Drawings
The foregoing and following detailed description of the invention will be apparent when read in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a 4m main mirror chamber box;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the upper panel;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a lower panel;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an axial support post;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a radial support column;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a process platform;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken at C-C of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a front view of the process platform;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 8;
in the figure: 1. assembling a plate; 2. assembling a lower plate; 3. a first tooling coaming plate; 4. a second tooling coaming plate; 4.1, a second tooling coaming A; 4.2, a second tooling coaming plate B; 4.3, a second tooling coaming plate C; 4.4, a second tooling coaming plate D; 4.5, a second tooling coaming plate E; 4.6, a second tooling coaming plate F; 4.7, a second tooling coaming G; 5. a first tooling rib plate; 6. a second tooling rib plate; 7. a central barrel mounting hole; 8. a first mounting blind hole; 9. a second mounting blind hole; 10. a third mounting blind hole; 11. a fourth mounting blind hole; 12. a threaded hole; 101. an axial large support cylinder; 102. axially supporting the transition plate; 103. an axial small support cylinder; 104. an axial connecting plate; 201. a radial support flange; 202. a radial support cylinder; 301. an upper panel; 302. welding holes of the first radial support columns; 303. a first axial support post weld hole; 401. a lower panel; 402. welding holes of the second axial support columns; 403. and welding holes of the second radial support columns.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions for achieving the objects of the present invention are further illustrated by the following specific examples, and it should be noted that the technical solutions claimed in the present invention include, but are not limited to, the following examples.
Examples
As a most basic embodiment of the invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the present example discloses a method for processing a main mirror chamber box body of a 4m telescope, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing parts: welding a steel plate into an upper panel 301 and a lower panel 401 which are 5000mm multiplied by 5000mm, processing a first radial support column welding hole 302 and a first axial support column welding hole 303 on the upper panel 301, and processing a second radial support column welding hole 403, a second axial support column welding hole 402 and a rib plate welding groove on the lower panel 401; processing by using a steel plate to obtain 12 edge strips with the thickness of 1200mm multiplied by 450mm and 6 rib plates with the thickness of 1200mm multiplied by 450 mm; processing to obtain a radial supporting column and an axial supporting column;
(2) assembling and welding a workpiece: pressing the upper panel 301 on the process platform, pre-assembling all the axial support columns and the radial support columns with the upper panel, then spot-welding the axial support columns and the radial support columns on the rib plates and the rib plates with the upper panel 301, and detecting whether the assembly is in place; after the error is confirmed, spot welding the axial support columns and the radial support columns on the rib plates and the rib plates with the upper panel 301 and the lower panel 401; after the workpiece is fixed with the process platform by using bolts, drawing out the axial support columns and the radial support columns which need to be assembled for the second time, and welding and fixing the axial support columns and the radial support columns on the rib plates and the rib plates with the upper panel 301 and the lower panel 401; then, all the axial support columns and the radial support columns which need to be assembled secondarily are assembled, and the axial support columns and the radial support columns which need to be assembled secondarily are spot-welded with the upper panel 301 and the lower panel 401; then, welding and fixing the axial supporting columns and the radial supporting columns which need to be assembled for the second time with the lower panel 401, and welding the side plates with the workpiece; detaching the process platform, placing the lower panel 401 on the process platform and fixing the lower panel by bolts, and welding and fixing the axial support columns and the radial support columns which need to be assembled for the second time with the upper panel 301;
(3) annealing, sand blasting and primer treatment of the workpiece: annealing the workpiece and the process platform together, then detaching the process platform and the bolts, checking the deformation condition of the upper panel 301 and the lower panel 401, and leveling; performing sand blasting and primer treatment on the processed workpiece;
(4) processing by a workpiece milling machine: after the process platform plane is reworked, the lower plane of the workpiece is placed on the process platform to process the upper panel 301, then the process platform is removed, the upper plane of the workpiece is placed on the process platform to process the lower panel 401.
Preferably, the part preparation comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: splicing and welding delta 10mm steel plates into an upper panel 301 with the size of 5000mm multiplied by 5000mm, splicing and welding delta 6mm steel plates into a lower panel 401 with the size of 5000mm multiplied by 5000mm, and processing the delta 10mm steel plates to obtain 12 edge strips with the size of 1200mm multiplied by 450 mm;
step two: the upper panel 301 and the lower panel 401 are integrally leveled;
step three: processing a first radial support column welding hole 302 with the diameter of 200mm and a first axial support column welding hole 303 with the diameter of 130mm on a numerical control planomiller for an upper panel 301, and processing a second radial support column welding hole 403 with the diameter of 180mm and a second axial support column welding hole 402 with the diameter of 244mm on a numerical control planomiller for a lower panel 401; processing a welding groove on the adjacent edge strips, and processing 6 rib plate plug welding grooves with the thickness of 1200mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 1mm on the lower panel 401;
step four: integrally leveling the upper panel 301, the lower panel 401 and the 12 edge strips, and carrying out sand blasting and high-temperature paint spraying;
step five: processing a delta 10mm steel plate to obtain a rib plate with the thickness of 1200mm multiplied by 450mm, leveling the rib plate, and finally spraying high-temperature paint in a sand blasting way;
step six: processing to obtain an axial supporting column and a radial supporting column, and then carrying out sand blasting and high-temperature paint spraying; the axial support column comprises an axial connecting plate 104, an axial small support cylinder 103, an axial support transition plate 102 and an axial large support plate, the axial connecting plate 104, the axial small support cylinder 103, the axial support transition plate 102 and the axial large support plate are sequentially connected, the diameter of the axial connecting plate 104 is 130mm, and the height of the axial connecting plate is 32 mm; the outer diameter of the small axial supporting cylinder 103 is 114mm, the inner diameter is 102mm, and the height is 198 mm; the diameter of the axial support transition plate 102 is 244mm, and the height thereof is 17 mm; the diameter of the large axial supporting plate is 244, and the height of the large axial supporting plate is 241 mm. The radial support column comprises a radial support cylinder 202 and a radial support flange 201, the radial support cylinder 202 is connected with the radial support flange 201, the diameter of the radial support cylinder 202 is 180mm, and the height of the radial support cylinder 202 is 458 mm; the diameter of the radial supporting flange 201 is 200mm, and the height is 25 mm.
Preferably, the workpiece welding comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pressing an upper panel 301 on a process platform, marking 6 rib plate assembly lines on the upper panel 301, inserting an axial connecting plate 104 into a first axial supporting column welding hole 303, simultaneously inserting a radial supporting flange 201 into a first radial supporting column welding hole 302, then firmly spot-welding the rib plates according to the rib plate assembly lines, and spot-welding the axial supporting columns and the radial supporting on the rib plates with the upper panel 301;
step two: after 1/6 radial supporting columns and axial supporting columns are assembled, detecting the position degree of the axial and radial supporting columns by using a laser tracker, and continuing assembling after the position degree is reached; hanging the lower panel 401 on the rib plate, and checking whether a second axial support column welding hole 402, a second radial support column welding hole 403 and the rib plate are respectively aligned with the axial large support cylinder 101, the radial large support cylinder 202 and the rib plate plug welding groove, so that whether the first axial support column welding hole 303, the first radial support column welding hole 302 and the rib plate assembly line can be assembled in place or not is checked in a preassembling manner, and if correct spot welding is not found, the axial support column, the radial support column and the rib plate on the rib plate are firmly positioned with the upper panel 401 and the lower panel in a spot welding manner;
step three: pressing the axial and radial support columns on the process platform by using bolts, drawing out the radial support columns and the axial support columns which need to be assembled for the second time, standing the workpiece and the process platform on a welding platform, and then welding and fixing the axial support columns and the radial support columns on the rib plates and the rib plates with the upper panel 401 and the lower panel 401;
step four, after welding is completed, releasing stress, mounting the axial support columns and the radial support columns which need to be assembled for the second time, and firmly spot-welding the axial support columns and the radial support columns which need to be assembled for the second time with the upper panel 301 and the lower panel 401;
fifthly, welding and fixing the axial supporting columns and the radial supporting columns which need to be assembled for the second time with the lower panel 401, welding and fixing the side panels with the upper panel 301 and the lower panel 401, releasing stress, detecting welding seams of the rib plates with the radial supporting columns and the axial supporting columns and welding seams of the rib plates with the upper panel 301 and the lower panel 401, detecting the position degrees of the axial supporting columns and the radial supporting columns, and detaching the process platform after the process platform is qualified;
step six, the lower panel 401 is placed on the process platform, the workpiece and the process platform are fixed through bolts, then the axial supporting columns and the radial supporting columns which need to be assembled for the second time are welded with the upper panel 301 firmly, stress is released after welding is completed, and the position degrees of the axial supporting columns and the radial supporting columns are checked.
Preferably, when the axial supporting columns and the radial supporting columns on the rib plates and the rib plates are welded and fixed with the upper panel 401 and the lower panel 401, multi-layer multi-pass symmetrical welding with low current is performed, welding seams of the radial supporting columns and the axial supporting columns and the rib plates are sequentially welded firstly, welding seams of the rib plates and the upper panel 301 are welded finally, 1/6 is welded and stress is released, trial assembly is performed by the axial supporting columns and the radial supporting columns which need secondary assembly, welding is continued after the welding is qualified, meanwhile, the position degree changes of the axial supporting columns and the radial supporting columns are measured at any time during welding, the welding position is adjusted, and welding stress is released at any time.
Preferably, the inspection of the deformation of the upper panel 301 and the lower panel 401 includes inspecting whether the position and the perpendicularity of the axial support columns and the radial support columns are less than 0.5mm, and inspecting whether the flatness of the upper panel 301 and the lower surface is less than 0.5 mm.
Preferably, the milling machine processing of the workpiece comprises the following steps:
step one, processing a tooling upper plate 1 of a process platform to Ra3.2 with flatness of 0.05 mm;
secondly, placing the lower panel 401 of the workpiece on a process platform, leveling and aligning by taking the upper panel 301 as a reference, and rechecking whether the position degree and the verticality of the axial support column meet the requirements or not;
step three, after the inspection is qualified, processing the upper panel 301 to Ra3.2 by using a milling machine, wherein the planeness is 0.05 mm; a plurality of phi 35 holes are processed on the upper panel 301, and the phi 35 holes are roughly drilled and then processed by a reamer to ensure concentricity;
step four, detaching the process platform, placing the upper plane of the workpiece on the process platform, and machining the lower panel 401 to Ra3.2 by using a milling machine, wherein the planeness is 0.05 mm; a plurality of phi 35 holes are processed on the lower panel 401, and the phi 35 holes are roughly drilled and then processed by a reamer to ensure concentricity;
and fifthly, cleaning burrs.
The utility model provides a 4m telescope primary mirror room box processing uses technology platform, as shown in fig. 6-9, including frock upper plate 1 and frock hypoplastron 2, frock upper plate 1 the top and the below link to each other with frock hypoplastron 2 through first frock bounding wall 3, 1 vertical direction of frock upper plate links to each other with frock hypoplastron 2 through a plurality of second frock bounding walls 4, and is adjacent be provided with the frock gusset between second frock bounding wall 4, 1 middle part of frock upper plate is provided with center tube mounting hole 7, still be provided with on the frock upper plate 1 with a plurality of installation blind holes of primary mirror room box assorted, the installation blind hole includes first installation blind hole 8, second installation blind hole 9, third installation blind hole 10 and fourth installation blind hole 11 bottom all are provided with screw hole 12.
Preferably, 44 first mounting blind holes 8 are provided, and the diameter of each first mounting blind hole 8 is 130mm, and the hole depth is 20 mm; 26 second mounting blind holes 9 are arranged, the diameter of each second mounting blind hole 9 is 200mm, and the hole depth is 15 mm; 22 third mounting blind holes 10 are arranged, the diameter of each third mounting blind hole 10 is 200mm, and the hole depth is 15 mm; the number of the fourth mounting blind holes 11 is 16, and the diameter of each fourth mounting blind hole 11 is 130mm, and the hole depth is 15 mm.
Preferably, there are 2 first tooling enclosures 3 and 7 second tooling enclosures 4, and from left to right there are second tooling enclosures a4.1, second tooling enclosures B4.2, second tooling enclosures C4.3, second tooling enclosures D4.4, second tooling enclosures E4.5, second tooling enclosures F4.6 and second tooling enclosures G4.7.
Preferably, the tooling rib plate comprises a first tooling rib plate 5 and a second tooling rib plate 6, wherein the first tooling rib plate 5 is arranged between a second tooling enclosure plate A4.1 and a second tooling enclosure plate B4.2 and between a second tooling enclosure plate F4.6 and a second tooling enclosure plate G4.7, and the second tooling rib plate 6 is arranged between the second tooling enclosure plate B4.2, the second tooling enclosure plate C4.3, the second tooling enclosure plate D4.4, the second tooling enclosure plate E4.5 and the second tooling enclosure plate F4.6.
Preferably, the length of the first tooling rib plate 5 is 762.5mm, the width of the first tooling rib plate is 25mm, the height of the first tooling rib plate is 420mm, and the number of the first tooling rib plates 5 is 18.
Preferably, the length of the second tooling rib plate 6 is 775mm, the width of the second tooling rib plate is 25mm, the height of the second tooling rib plate is 420mm, and the number of the second tooling rib plates 6 is 36.
Preferably, the length of the upper plate 1 of the tool is 4800mm, the width of the upper plate is 4800mm, and the thickness of the upper plate is 50 mm; the length of the lower plate 2 of the tool is 4800mm, the width of the lower plate is 4800mm, and the thickness of the lower plate is 30 mm.
Preferably, the diameter of the central cylinder mounting hole 7 is 603mm, and the hole depth is 53 mm.
Preferably, the tool upper plate 1 is further provided with a peripheral pressing plate mounting hole, and a peripheral pressing plate is detachably arranged at the peripheral pressing plate mounting hole.
Preferably, the threaded hole 12 has a diameter of 21 mm.
Preferably, the surface roughness of the upper tool plate 1 and the lower tool plate 2 is Ra3.2. (1) The compression principle of the upper panel 301 and the process platform is as follows: during the use, hang upper panel 301 to technology platform earlier on, first axial support column welding hole 303 on the upper panel 301 aligns with first installation blind hole 8 or the third installation blind plate on the frock upper plate 1 respectively, first radial support column welding hole 302 on the upper panel 301 aligns with second installation blind hole 9 or the fourth installation blind plate on the frock upper plate 1 respectively, bolt one end is passed upper panel 301 and is connected with the screw hole 12 screw thread that third installation blind hole 10 or fourth installation blind hole 11 bottom set up, a clamp plate is established to the cover on the bolt one end, then screw on the nut, realize upper panel 301 and technology platform's compressing tightly.
(2) The compression principle of the axial support column and the radial support column with the process platform is as follows: firstly, an upper panel 301 is hung on a process platform, a first axial support column welding hole 303 on the upper panel 301 is aligned with a first installation blind hole 8 or a third installation blind plate on a tool upper plate 1 respectively, a first radial support column welding hole 302 on the upper panel 301 is aligned with a second installation blind hole 9 or a fourth installation blind plate on the tool upper plate 1 respectively, one end of a bolt sequentially penetrates through a lower panel 401, a radial support column (or an axial support column) and a threaded hole 12 formed in the bottoms of the upper panel 301 and the third installation blind hole 10 or the fourth installation blind hole 11, a pressing plate is sleeved on one end of the bolt, a nut is screwed on, and the axial support column and the radial support column are pressed with the process platform.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for processing a 4m telescope primary mirror chamber box body is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the preparation of the part comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: splicing and welding delta 10mm steel plates into an upper panel with the size of 5000mm multiplied by 5000mm, splicing and welding delta 6mm steel plates into a lower panel with the size of 5000mm multiplied by 5000mm, and processing the delta 10mm steel plates into 12 edge strips with the size of 1200mm multiplied by 450 mm; step two: integrally leveling the upper panel and the lower panel; step three: processing a first radial support column welding hole with the diameter of 200mm and a first axial support column welding hole with the diameter of 130mm on a numerical control planer type milling machine for an upper panel, and processing a second radial support column welding hole with the diameter of 180mm and a second axial support column welding hole with the diameter of 244mm on a numerical control planer type milling machine for a lower panel; processing welding grooves on adjacent edge strips, and processing 6 rib plate plug welding grooves of 1200mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 1mm on the lower panel; step four: integrally leveling the upper panel, the lower panel and the 12 edge strips, and carrying out sand blasting and high-temperature paint spraying; step five: processing a delta 10mm steel plate to obtain a rib plate with the thickness of 1200mm multiplied by 450mm, leveling the rib plate, and finally spraying high-temperature paint in a sand blasting way; step six: processing to obtain an axial supporting column and a radial supporting column, and then carrying out sand blasting and high-temperature paint spraying;
(2) assembling and welding a workpiece: pressing the upper panel on the process platform, pre-assembling all the axial support columns and the radial support columns with the upper panel, then spot-welding the axial support columns and the radial support columns on the rib plates, and the rib plates with the upper panel, and detecting whether the assembly is in place; after confirming that no error exists, spot welding the axial support columns and the radial support columns on the rib plates, and the rib plates, the upper panel and the lower panel; after the workpiece is fixed with the process platform by using bolts, drawing out the axial support columns and the radial support columns which need to be assembled for the second time, and welding and fixing the axial support columns and the radial support columns on the rib plates and the rib plates with the upper panel and the lower panel; then, all the axial support columns and the radial support columns which need to be assembled secondarily are assembled, and the axial support columns and the radial support columns which need to be assembled secondarily are spot-welded with the upper panel and the lower panel; then welding and fixing the axial support column and the radial support column which need to be assembled for the second time with the lower panel, and welding the side plate with the workpiece; detaching the process platform, placing the lower panel on the process platform and fixing the lower panel by bolts, and welding and fixing the axial support columns and the radial support columns which need to be assembled for the second time with the upper panel;
(3) annealing, sand blasting and primer treatment of the workpiece: annealing the workpiece and the process platform together, then detaching the process platform and the bolts, checking the deformation condition of the upper panel and the lower panel, and leveling; performing sand blasting and primer treatment on the processed workpiece;
(4) processing by a workpiece milling machine: and after the plane of the process platform is re-processed, the lower plane of the workpiece is placed on the process platform, the upper panel is processed, then the process platform is detached, the upper plane of the workpiece is placed on the process platform, and the lower panel is processed.
2. The processing method of the 4m telescope primary mirror chamber box body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the workpiece welding comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pressing an upper panel on a process platform, marking 6 rib plate assembly lines on the upper panel, inserting an axial connecting plate into a first axial support column welding hole, simultaneously inserting a radial support flange into a first radial support column welding hole, firmly spot-welding the rib plates according to the rib plate assembly lines, and spot-welding the axial support columns and the radial support columns on the rib plates with the upper panel;
step two: after 1/6 radial supporting columns and axial supporting columns are assembled, detecting the position degree of the axial and radial supporting columns by using a laser tracker, and continuing assembling after the position degree is reached; hanging the lower panel on the rib plate, and checking whether the second axial support column welding hole, the second radial support column welding hole and the rib plate are respectively aligned with the axial large support cylinder, the radial support cylinder and the rib plate plug welding groove, so that whether the first axial support column welding hole, the first radial support column welding hole and the rib plate assembly line can be assembled in place or not is checked in a preassembling manner, and if no error is confirmed, the axial support column, the radial support column and the rib plate on the rib plate are firmly positioned with the upper panel and the lower panel through spot welding;
step three: pressing the axial and radial support columns on the process platform by using bolts, drawing out the radial support columns and the axial support columns which need to be assembled for the second time, standing the workpiece and the process platform on a welding platform, and then welding and fixing the axial support columns and the radial support columns on the rib plates, and the rib plates with the upper panel and the lower panel;
after welding is completed, releasing stress, mounting the axial support column and the radial support column which need to be assembled for the second time, and firmly spot-welding the axial support column and the radial support column which need to be assembled for the second time with the upper panel and the lower panel;
fifthly, welding and fixing the axial support column and the radial support column which need to be assembled for the second time with the lower panel, welding and fixing the side panel with the upper panel and the lower panel, releasing stress, detecting welding seams of the rib plate with the radial support column and the axial support column and welding seams of the rib plate with the upper panel and the lower panel, detecting the position degrees of the axial support column and the radial support column, and detaching the process platform after the process platform is qualified;
and step six, placing the lower panel on a process platform, fixing the workpiece and the process platform by using bolts, then firmly welding the axial support column and the radial support column which need to be assembled for the second time with the upper panel, releasing stress after welding is finished, and checking the position degree of the axial support column and the radial support column.
3. The processing method of the 4m telescope primary mirror chamber box body as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: when the axial support columns and the radial support columns on the rib plates and the rib plates are welded and fixed with the upper panel and the lower panel, the multi-layer and multi-path symmetrical welding is carried out at a low current, the welding seams of the radial support columns and the axial support columns and the rib plates are welded firstly in sequence, the welding seams of the rib plates and the upper panel are welded finally, 1/6 is welded and stress is released, the axial support columns and the radial support columns which need secondary assembly are used for trial assembly, the welding is continued after the welding is qualified, meanwhile, the position degree changes of the axial support columns and the radial support columns are measured at any time during the welding, the welding position is adjusted, and the welding stress is released at any time.
4. The processing method of the 4m telescope primary mirror chamber box body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: when the deformation condition of the upper panel and the lower panel is inspected, the inspection comprises the inspection of whether the position degree and the verticality of the axial support columns and the radial support columns are less than 0.5mm, and the inspection of whether the flatness of the upper panel and the lower surface is less than 0.5 mm.
5. The processing method of the 4m telescope primary mirror chamber box body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the workpiece milling machine processing comprises the following steps:
step one, processing a tooling upper plate of a process platform to Ra3.2 with flatness of 0.05 mm;
secondly, placing a lower panel of the workpiece on a process platform, leveling and aligning by taking an upper panel as a reference, and rechecking whether the position degree and the verticality of the axial support column meet the requirements or not;
step three, after the inspection is qualified, processing the upper panel to Ra3.2 by using a milling machine, wherein the planeness is 0.05 mm; a plurality of phi 35 holes are processed on the upper panel, and the phi 35 holes are processed by rough drilling and then by a reamer to ensure concentricity;
step four, detaching the process platform, placing the upper plane of the workpiece on the process platform, and machining the lower panel to Ra3.2 by using a milling machine, wherein the planeness is 0.05 mm; a plurality of phi 35 holes are processed on the lower panel, and the phi 35 holes are roughly drilled and then processed by a reamer to ensure concentricity;
and fifthly, cleaning burrs.
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