CN111644730A - Gas shielded welding method for rack steel with thickness of more than or equal to 80mm - Google Patents
Gas shielded welding method for rack steel with thickness of more than or equal to 80mm Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/24—Features related to electrodes
- B23K9/28—Supporting devices for electrodes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
Abstract
A gas shielded welding method for rack steel with thickness more than or equal to 80mm comprises the following steps: base material performance: reL≥620MPa,RmAt 690-895MPa, the elongation A is more than or equal to 16 percent and is-40oCKV2Not less than 47J; butt welding; welding matching materials: gas shielded welding wire ReLNot less than 690MPa, welding wire diameter: phi 1.6 mm; argon-rich gas is adopted for protection; preheating at 155-165 ℃ before welding; the interlayer temperature is 150-180 ℃; the postweld heat treatment temperature is 405-415 ℃. The invention relates to a connector three-zone impact work welding line at-40 ℃ KV2125-135J, fusion line impact power of-40 KV2109-127J, heat affected zone (1 mm) -40 KV2128-145J; the overheated area of the joint is mainly bainite and weld metalThe joint is mainly an acicular ferrite structure, and the three joint areas have higher impact toughness reserve and safety margin and can not generate cracks; and the welding wire with the diameter phi of 1.6mm is adopted, so that the welding efficiency is improved by at least 25 percent, and the operation is easy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gas shield welding method, in particular to a welding tensile strength RmThe gas shield welding method is used for welding the rack steel with the thickness of more than or equal to 80mm, namely A514 steel for ocean engineering.
Background
The rack steel A514 is made of ocean engineering steel smelted by adopting an electroslag remelting process. After the steel is rolled, the steel is quenched at 940 ℃ and quenched at 680 ℃ for 300min. The steel is used for manufacturing main bearing parts of self-elevating platform pile legs, platform cranes and other marine products. The steel has a large hardening tendency during welding, a heat affected zone is easy to generate a large amount of hard and brittle martensite, so that a welded joint is seriously embrittled, and the toughness and the plasticity of the welded joint are greatly reduced in serious cases.
A search was conducted to find that a welding process of high strength quenched and tempered steel A514 was disclosed in a document having an article number of 1002-025X (2015) 11-0044-04 published in No. 44, No. 12 of welding technology. The document introduces a method for welding a solid welding wire by fillet welding under gas shielded welding, wherein an LNM MoNiVa welding wire is adopted, and the shielding gas is 80% Ar +20% CO2The specification of the welding wire is phi 1.2mm, the welding current is 190-210mm, the welding voltage is 24-25V, the energy of the welding line is less than 16kJ/cm, and the impact toughness of the welded joint is between 50 and 70J after postweld heat treatment. The conventional gas shielded welding method is introduced in the document, and due to the fact that welding line energy is low, welding efficiency can be properly improved when welding technical conditions of A514 steel are met, the cooling speed of a welding heat affected zone can be effectively prolonged by properly improving the line energy, the structure of the heat affected zone is improved, and therefore toughness is improvedAnd (4) horizontal. Because the welding wire with the specification of phi 1.2mm is adopted, the welding passes are more, and the efficiency is influenced.
The fifth publication of "modern welding" 2006 is a study on the welding process of a steel plate imported from the United states of America A514. The welding wire adopted in the document is JM100 welding wire, the specification of the welding wire is phi 1.2mm, the welding current is 240A, the welding voltage is 30-31V, the preheating and interlayer temperature is 150 ℃, and the heat treatment mode of 420 ℃ and 4h is carried out after welding. The tensile strength of a welding joint is 735MPa, and the average impact energy of a welding line is 41J at minus 40 degrees. The gas shielded welding wire used in the document has insufficient residual impact energy after welding, can effectively prolong the cooling speed of weld deposit metal by properly increasing interlayer temperature, avoids martensite and improves the toughness of the weld. Because the welding wire with the specification of phi 1.2mm is adopted, the welding passes are more, and the efficiency is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a butt joint three-zone impact energy welding line of-40 ℃ KV2The impact power of a fusion line is-40 KV at 125-135J2In 109-127J, heat affected zone (1 mm) -40 ℃ KV2At 128-145J; the joint superheat zone is mainly a bainite structure, the weld metal is mainly a fine acicular ferrite structure, the three joint zones have higher impact toughness storage and safety margin, the welding efficiency is improved by at least 25% by adopting a welding wire with the diameter phi of 1.6mm, and the thickness of the welding wire which does not generate cracks is larger than or equal to 80 mm.
The measures for realizing the aim are as follows:
a gas shielded welding method for rack steel with thickness more than or equal to 80mm comprises the following steps:
1) base material performance: yield strength ReLGreater than or equal to 620MPa, tensile strength RmAt 690-895MPa, the elongation A is more than or equal to 16 percent and is-40oCKV2The impact work is more than or equal to 47J; butt welding;
2) groove form: the double-sided V-shaped structure is symmetrical, the bevel angle is 27-33 degrees on one side, 8-13 degrees on the other side and 1.0-2.0 mm on the truncated edge;
3) welding matching materials: the tensile strength of the gas-shielded welding wire is not less than 690MPa, and the tensile strength R of the mechanical property of the deposited metal of the welding wirem: 690-720 MPa, elongation A: 25-31% and-40 ℃ KV2Impact work: 101 to 138J; diameter of welding wire: phi 1.6 mm;
the welding process is standardized: the welding current is 400-460A, the welding voltage is 30-32V, the welding speed is 30-35 cm/min, and the welding line energy is 22-25 kJ/cm; protected by argon-rich gas, i.e. 80% Ar +20% CO2The flow rate of the protective gas is 18-20L/min;
4) the welding process comprises the following steps:
A. preheating the rack steel before welding at the preheating temperature of 155-165 ℃;
B. carrying out multilayer and multichannel continuous welding according to the matched materials and the process conditions in the step 3), and controlling the interlayer temperature to be 150-180 ℃;
C. and carrying out postweld heat treatment at 405-415 ℃ for 3.5-4.5 hours.
Preferably: the angle of the double-sided V-shaped groove is 29-31 degrees on one side, 9-11 degrees on the other side and 1.30-1.70 mm on the blunt side.
Preferably: the preheating temperature is 157-162 ℃.
Mechanism and action of the main welding process of the present invention
The bevel angle is 27-33 degrees on one side and 8-13 degrees on the other side, because according to the characteristics of the gas shielded welding process, the welding workload is increased by an overlarge bevel, so that the waste of energy, manpower and the like is caused, and the welding gun is difficult to reach the root when the welding seam of the root is welded by the gas shielded welding gun due to the undersize bevel, so that the root defect is easily generated.
The welding wire with the diameter phi of 1.6mm is adopted, so that the welding working efficiency can be effectively improved by thick wire gas shielded welding, manpower and material resources are saved, and the requirement of the condition can be met by slightly improving the energy of the welding wire.
The preheating before welding is carried out and the preheating temperature is controlled to be 155-165 ℃ because the preheating is one of effective measures for preventing cold cracks, on the other hand, the structure and welding stress can be improved by adjusting the cooling speed, and the preheating temperature is determined according to the composition system of steel and the plate thickness factor.
The invention carries out the postweld heat treatment, the treatment temperature is 405-415 ℃, the treatment time is 3.5-4.5 hours, because the postweld heat treatment can effectively reduce the residual stress of the welding line, is beneficial to the overflow of the diffused hydrogen in the welding line and avoids delayed cracks.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has butt joint with three-zone impact work welding seam of-40 ℃ KV2The impact power of a fusion line is-40 KV at 125-135J2In 109-127J, heat affected zone (1 mm) -40 ℃ KV2At 128-145J; the joint overheating area is mainly a bainite structure, the weld metal is mainly a fine acicular ferrite structure, and the joint three area has higher impact toughness storage and safety margin and can not generate cracks; and because the welding wire with the diameter phi of 1.6mm is adopted, the welding speed can be improved, the number of welding passes is reduced, and the welding efficiency is improved by at least 25 percent, so that the consumption of energy, gas and the like can be effectively reduced, no additional special provisions are added on the operation method, and the operation is easy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a butt joint groove of the present invention;
in the figure: h represents the thickness of the base plate;
t-represents the blunt edge of the groove;
a 1-represents the angle of the V-shaped groove on one side of 8-13 degrees;
a2 represents an angle of a V-groove angle on one side of 27-33 deg.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below:
example 1
A gas shielded welding method for rack steel with thickness more than or equal to 80mm comprises the following steps:
1) base material performance: yield strength ReL: 640MPa, tensile strength Rm725MPa, elongation A: 20%, -40%oCKV2The impact work is 100J, the thickness of A514 steel, namely the thick plate of the rack steel is 114.3mm, the test size is 600mm × 400mm × 114.3mm, and the steel is in equal-thickness butt welding;
2) groove form: the double-sided V shape is symmetrical, the bevel angle is 27 degrees on one side, 12 degrees on the other side and 1.5mm on the blunt side;
3) welding matching materials: tensile strength of gas shielded welding wire deposited metal: 698MPa, mechanical tensile strength R of welding wire deposited metalm: 720MPa, elongation A: 31%, reduction of area Z: 66%, -40 ℃ KV2Impact work: 138J; diameter of welding wire: phi 1.6 mm;
the welding process is standardized: the welding current is 400A, the welding voltage is 30V, the welding speed is 30cm/min, and the welding line energy is 24 kJ/cm; protected by argon-rich gas, i.e. 80% Ar +20% CO2The flow rate of the protective gas is 20L/min;
4) the welding process comprises the following steps:
A. preheating the rack steel before welding at 158 ℃;
B. carrying out multilayer and multichannel continuous welding according to the matched materials and the process conditions in the step 3), and controlling the interlayer temperature to be 150-156 ℃;
C. and carrying out postweld heat treatment at 406 ℃ for 3.5 hours.
The welded joint is subjected to performance detection, and the tensile strength R of the jointmThe steel wire is qualified at 720MPa, the side bending d =3a of the joint and 180 degrees, and the impact energy welding line of the three regions of the joint is-40 ℃ KV2: 135J, fusion line impact power-40 KV2: 117J, heat affected zone (1 mm) -40 KV2: 145J, no crack generation is found after detection; in the thickness test, if welding wires with the diameter phi of 1.2m are adopted, the welding seams can be filled at least by 100 times of welding, but the welding seams are filled only by 72 times of welding, so that the welding efficiency is improved by about 28%.
Example 2
A gas shielded welding method for rack steel with thickness more than or equal to 80mm comprises the following steps:
1) base material performance: yield strength ReL: 635MPa, tensile strength Rm 715MPa, elongation A: 16%, -40oCKV2 work of percussion: 110J; the thickness of A514 steel, namely the thick steel plate of the rack steel is 80mm, and the test size is as follows: 600mm multiplied by 400mm multiplied by 80mm, and is equal-thickness butt welding;
2) groove form: the double-sided V shape is symmetrical, the bevel angle is 30 degrees on one side, 10 degrees on the other side and 1.3mm on the blunt side;
3) welding matching materials: tensile strength of gas shielded welding wire deposited metal: 705MPa, mechanical property tensile strength Rm of welding wire deposited metal: 730Pa, elongation A: 30%, reduction of area Z: 68%, -40 ℃ KV2 impact energy: 120J; diameter of welding wire: phi 1.6 mm;
the welding process is standardized: the welding current is 430A, the welding voltage is 31V, the welding speed is 34cm/min, and the welding line energy is 23 kJ/cm; argon-rich gas is adopted for protection, namely 80% Ar +20% CO2, and the flow rate of the protection gas is 19L/min;
4) the welding process comprises the following steps:
A. preheating the rack steel before welding at the preheating temperature of 155 ℃;
B. carrying out multilayer and multichannel continuous welding according to the matched materials and the process conditions in the step 3), and controlling the interlayer temperature to be 150-156 ℃;
C. and carrying out postweld heat treatment at 410 ℃ for 3.8 hours.
Through performance detection of the welded welding line, the tensile strength Rm of the joint is 715MPa, the lateral bending d =3a of the joint is achieved, 180-degree qualification is achieved, and the impact work welding line at three regions of the joint is-40 ℃ KV2: 132J, weld line impact power-40 deg.C KV2: 120J, heat affected zone (1 mm) -40 KV2: 130J, no crack is found to be generated after detection; in the thickness test, if welding wires with the diameter phi of 1.2m are adopted, the welding seams can be filled at least by welding 70 times, but the welding seams are filled only by 45 times, so that the welding efficiency is improved by about 35.6%.
Example 3
A gas shielded welding method for rack steel with thickness more than or equal to 80mm comprises the following steps:
1) base material performance: yield strength ReL: 640MPa, tensile strength Rm 745MPa, elongation A: 21%, -40oCKV2 work of percussion: 110J; the thickness of A514 steel, namely the rack steel thick plate is 114.3mm, and the test size: 600mm multiplied by 400mm multiplied by 114.3mm, and is equal-thickness butt welding;
2) groove form: the double-sided V shape is symmetrical, the bevel angle is 31 degrees on one side, 11 degrees on the other side and 1.9mm on the blunt side;
3) welding matching materials: tensile strength of gas shielded welding wire deposited metal: 725MPa, mechanical property tensile strength Rm of welding wire deposited metal: 725MPa, elongation A: 28%, reduction of area Z: 66%, -40 ℃ KV2 impact work: 132; diameter of welding wire: phi 1.6 mm;
the welding process is standardized: the welding current is 450A, the welding voltage is 31.5V, the welding speed is 35cm/min, and the welding line energy is 24 kJ/cm; argon-rich gas is adopted for protection, namely 80% Ar +20% CO2, and the flow rate of the protection gas is 18L/min;
4) the welding process comprises the following steps:
A. preheating the rack steel before welding at 162 ℃;
B. carrying out multilayer and multichannel continuous welding according to the matched materials and the process conditions in the step 3), and controlling the interlayer temperature at 172-180 ℃;
C. and carrying out postweld heat treatment at 413 ℃ for 4.4 hours.
Through performance detection of a welded seam, the tensile strength Rm of a joint is 725MPa, the lateral bending d =3a of the joint is qualified at 180 degrees, and the impact energy welding seam at the three regions of the joint is-40 ℃ KV 2: 129J, weld line impact energy-40 ℃ KV 2: 116J, heat affected zone (1 mm) -40 ℃ KV 2: 135J, no crack is found after detection; in the thickness test, if welding wires with the diameter phi of 1.2m are adopted, the welding seams can be filled up only by welding at least 100 times, but the welding seams can be filled up only by 74 times, and the welding efficiency is improved by 26%.
Example 4
A gas shielded welding method for rack steel with thickness more than or equal to 80mm comprises the following steps:
1) base material performance: yield strength ReL: 628MPa, tensile strength Rm 735MPa, elongation a: 20%, -40 ℃ KV2The impact work is 106J, the thickness of A514 steel, namely the thick plate of the rack steel is 100mm, the test size is 600mm × 400mm × 100mm, and the steel is equal-thickness butt welding;
2) groove form: the double-sided V shape is symmetrical, the bevel angle is 29 degrees on one side, 12 degrees on the other side and 1.3mm on the blunt side;
3) welding matchMaterials: tensile strength of gas shielded welding wire deposited metal: 730MPa, tensile strength Rm of mechanical property of welding wire deposited metal: 730MPa, elongation A: 29%, reduction of area Z: 70%, -40 ℃ KV2Impact work: 136J; diameter of welding wire: phi 1.6 mm;
the welding process is standardized: the welding current is 445A, the welding voltage is 31V, the welding speed is 37cm/min, and the welding line energy is 22 kJ/cm; protected by argon-rich gas, i.e. 80% Ar +20% CO2The flow rate of the protective gas is 19L/min;
4) the welding process comprises the following steps:
A. preheating the rack steel before welding at 160 ℃;
B. carrying out multilayer multi-channel continuous welding according to the matched materials and the process conditions in the step 3), and controlling the interlayer temperature at 160-168 ℃;
C. and carrying out postweld heat treatment at 409 ℃ for 4.2 hours.
Through performance detection of the welded welding line, the tensile strength Rm of the joint is 730MPa, the lateral bending d =3a of the joint is qualified at 180 degrees, and the-40 ℃ KV of the three-zone impact energy welding line of the joint is qualified2: 131J, fusion line impact power-40 KV2: 125J, heat affected zone (1 mm) -40 ℃ KV 2: 138J, no crack is found after detection; in the thickness test, if welding wires with the diameter phi of 1.2mm are adopted, the welding seams can be filled at least by welding 85 times, but the welding seams are filled only by 59 times, so that the welding efficiency is improved by about 30%.
The examples are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A gas shielded welding method for rack steel with thickness more than or equal to 80mm comprises the following steps:
1) base material performance: the yield strength ReL is more than or equal to 620MPa, the tensile strength Rm is 690-895MPa, the elongation A is more than or equal to 16 percent, and the impact energy of-40 oCKV2 is more than or equal to 47J; butt welding;
2) the form of the crevasses is as follows: the double-sided V-shaped structure is symmetrical, the bevel angle is 27-33 degrees on one side, 8-13 degrees on the other side and 1.0-2.0 mm on the truncated edge;
3) welding matching materials: the tensile strength of the gas-shielded welding wire is not less than 690MPa, and the tensile strength Rm of the mechanical property of the welding wire deposited metal is as follows: 690-720 MPa, elongation A: 25-31%, KV2 impact energy at-40 ℃: 101 to 138J; diameter of welding wire: phi 1.6 mm;
the welding process is standardized: the welding current is 400-460A, the welding voltage is 30-32V, the welding speed is 30-35 cm/min, and the welding line energy is 22-25 kJ/cm; argon-rich gas is adopted for protection, namely 80% Ar +20% CO2, and the flow rate of the protection gas is 18-20L/min;
4) the welding process comprises the following steps:
A. preheating the rack steel before welding at the preheating temperature of 155-165 ℃;
B. carrying out multilayer and multichannel continuous welding according to the matched materials and the process conditions in the step 3), and controlling the interlayer temperature to be 150-180 ℃;
C. and carrying out postweld heat treatment at 405-415 ℃ for 3.5-4.5 hours.
2. The gas shielded welding method for the rack steel with the thickness of more than or equal to 80mm as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the angle of the double-sided V-shaped groove is 29-31 degrees on one side, 9-11 degrees on the other side and 1.30-1.70 mm on the blunt side.
3. The gas shielded welding method for the rack steel with the thickness of more than or equal to 80mm as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the preheating temperature is 157-162 ℃.
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Application publication date: 20200911 |