CN111644550B - Method for forging multistage step roller - Google Patents

Method for forging multistage step roller Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111644550B
CN111644550B CN202010547701.2A CN202010547701A CN111644550B CN 111644550 B CN111644550 B CN 111644550B CN 202010547701 A CN202010547701 A CN 202010547701A CN 111644550 B CN111644550 B CN 111644550B
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forging
furnace
upsetting
anvil
steel ingot
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CN111644550A (en
Inventor
牛震
孟祥英
郑福胜
雷玉臣
刘鹏宇
赵晓君
刘占东
蒋伟斌
黄宪军
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Jianlong Beiman Special Steel Co Ltd
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Jianlong Beiman Special Steel Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B27/00—Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
    • B21B27/02—Shape or construction of rolls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/06—Hammers tups; Anvils; Anvil blocks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/08—Upsetting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/10—Drives for forging presses
    • B21J9/12—Drives for forging presses operated by hydraulic or liquid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K29/00—Arrangements for heating or cooling during processing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

A method for forging a multi-stage step roller belongs to the technical field of forging forming. The invention aims to solve the problem of a forging forming device for reducing the operation difficulty of forging. The forging forming device comprises a wedge block, steel pipes are respectively welded on the left side end face and the right side end face of the wedge block, one end of a steel bar penetrates through a nut to be connected with the steel pipes, the other end of the steel bar is welded with a heavy object plate, the nuts are welded on the left side and the right side of an upper anvil, the number of the nuts is 6, the positions of the nuts are evenly distributed at 4 points on the side face of the upper anvil, the wedge block is in a right-angle step form, and the length of the inclined edge of the wedge block is the same as the. The invention develops a manufacturing method of a forging with a cone or a circular truncated cone in an integrally forged forging, so that the metal flow line of the forging is better, the primary qualified rate reaches more than 95%, and the forging allowance of the forging is reduced, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost and the operation difficulty. The invention is used for free forging.

Description

Method for forging multistage step roller
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of forging forming; in particular to a method for forging a multi-stage step roller.
Background
Free forging is a process of obtaining a forged part by plastically deforming a metal blank on an anvil or between upper and lower anvil blocks of a forging press using impact force or pressure. Compared with the casting product, the free forging not only can eliminate the defects of shrinkage cavity, looseness, air holes and the like which are possibly brought by the casting product, but also can refine crystal grains and improve the mechanical property of the product. The free forging is to control the shape and size of the forged piece by manual operation, so the precision of the forged piece is low, the machining allowance is large, the labor intensity is high, and the production rate is not high, therefore, the free forging is mainly applied to single-piece and small-batch production. In the field of free forging, only simple structural parts such as circles, squares (squares and flat squares), cones, cakes and the like can be forged. The forged piece on the engineering machinery with the cone or the circular truncated cone and the like can only be forged into a material and then is cold-processed into the forged piece with the cone or the circular truncated cone, so that raw materials are greatly wasted.
At present, the domestic production technical scheme for forging the forged piece with the cone or the circular truncated cone is to adopt steel ingots → heating, forging → normalizing, annealing and processing and forming. The forging with the cone or the circular truncated cone mainly has a forming mode: forging the cone or the round table into a cylinder. The forming method has the main problems of large forging allowance, long subsequent machining time and serious raw material waste.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a forging forming device matched with an upper anvil and a method for forging a multi-step roller by using the forging forming device.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a forging forming device that anvil was used in cooperation, a forging forming device that anvil was used in cooperation include the voussoir, the left and right sides terminal surface of voussoir weld respectively the steel pipe, the one end of rod iron is passed the nut and is connected with the steel pipe, the other end and the heavy object board welding of rod iron, the nut welds in the left and right sides of last anvil.
According to the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil, the number of the nuts is 6, the nuts are uniformly distributed at 4 points of the side face of the upper anvil, the wedge block is in a right-angle step shape, and the length of the oblique edge of the wedge block is the same as the feeding length of a forge piece.
According to the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil, the clearance distance between the wedge block and the upper anvil is the total height stroke, the height of the wedge block and the maximum size of a material during deformation, and the total height stroke is the maximum diameter or the maximum height of forging of a press.
The invention relates to a method for forging a multistage step roller by matching with a forging forming device for an upper anvil, which comprises the following steps: the technological process of forging the multistage step roller by the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil comprises steel ingot heating → pressing jaw → first upsetting → first long circular blank drawing → second upsetting → second long circular blank drawing → third long circular blank drawing → semi-forging → heat treatment by the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil.
The invention discloses a method for forging a multistage step roller by matching with a forging forming device for an upper anvil, which is characterized in that a forging method for the multistage step roller with a cone frustum adopts a 30MN hydraulic press for forging, the weight of a steel ingot is 10.3 tons, the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil is that the steel ingot is put into a gas heating furnace for heating, the heating temperature is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 9-15 hours, and then a jaw is pressed on the steel ingot.
The invention relates to a method for forging a multistage step roller by matching with a forging forming device for an upper anvil, which is characterized in that a steel ingot of a press jaw is returned to a furnace and heated, then primary upsetting is carried out, the temperature of the returned furnace is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-6 h, the first upsetting is carried out by an upsetting platform, the upsetting is carried out until the diameter is 1105-1320 mm, and the upsetting ratio is 1.4-2.0. The steel ingot deforms through upsetting, the forging ratio is increased, positive and negative segregation existing in the steel ingot can be effectively destroyed, and meanwhile, the deformation of a core is increased.
The invention relates to a method for forging a multistage step roller by matching with a forging forming device for an upper anvil, which comprises the steps of returning and heating a steel ingot subjected to primary upsetting to a furnace, then drawing an oblong blank for the first time, wherein the temperature of the returned furnace is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-5 hours, the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil are adopted as the first drawn oblong blank, drawing the steel ingot subjected to primary upsetting to 940mm in diameter, and the single reduction is 60-80 mm.
The invention relates to a method for forging a multistage step roller by matching with a forging forming device for an upper anvil, which is characterized in that a steel ingot after long circular blank drawing for the first time is returned to a furnace for heating and then subjected to secondary upsetting, the temperature of the returned furnace is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-4 h, the secondary upsetting is carried out until the diameter is 1105-1320 mm, and the upsetting ratio is 1.4-2.0.
The invention relates to a method for forging a multistage step roller by matching with a forging forming device for an upper anvil, which comprises the steps of returning and heating a steel ingot subjected to secondary upsetting to a furnace, then drawing an oblong blank for the second time, wherein the temperature of the returned furnace is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-4 hours, the second drawing of the oblong blank adopts an upper flat anvil and a lower flat anvil, and the diameter of the steel ingot subjected to upsetting is 940 mm. The single rolling reduction is 60-80 mm. The rolling reduction of the round blank drawn out for the second time is not too large, the purpose is to prevent cracks from occurring inside, internal air holes can be welded, the carbide is loosened and broken, the core material is increased, and the internal quality of the product is improved.
The invention relates to a method for forging a multistage step roller by matching with a forging forming device for an upper anvil, which is characterized in that in the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, an ingot after long round blank drawing for the second time is subjected to furnace returning heating, long round blank drawing for the third time is performed, the furnace returning heating temperature is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-2 h, an upper flat anvil and a lower flat anvil are adopted for the third time of long round blank drawing, the diameter of the upset ingot is 740mm, and the single reduction is 60-80 mm. The third round billet is drawn out and is pressed down the volume and should not too big, and the purpose is to prevent inside crackle, can weld inside gas pocket, loose, broken carbide simultaneously, increases the core and walks to expect to improve product internal quality.
The invention relates to a method for forging a multistage step roller by matching with a forging forming device for an upper anvil, which is characterized in that a steel ingot after long round blanks are drawn for the third time is subjected to furnace returning heating, then the steel ingot is subjected to semi-forging by using the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil, the furnace returning heating temperature is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-2 hours, then the steel ingot is synchronously forged to the finished product size at the specified point position through an operating machine and a forge piece, the single reduction is 60-80 mm, then the forge piece is subjected to air cooling to 400-500 ℃, and is put into a heat treatment furnace for normalizing, the normalizing temperature is 950-970 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12 hours. By adopting the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil for half die forging, the metal flow line of the forge piece is better, the primary qualified rate reaches more than 95%, and the forging allowance of the forge piece is reduced. The heat treatment can refine the grains. And the annealing of dehydrogenation and stress relief reduces the forging stress, reduces the hardness of the forged piece and is beneficial to subsequent processing.
The forging forming device matched with the upper anvil is convenient to disassemble and assemble.
According to the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the manipulator and the forging forming device for the upper anvil need to be paid attention to move synchronously to forge the roller to the cone during half die forging, and compared with the original process, the process saves the raw material amount by at least 0.5 ton, improves the core quality, reduces the process weight of a forging blank, reduces the manufacturing cost and optimizes the forging forming process.
The method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil develops a manufacturing method for integrally forging the forged piece with the conical or round table, so that the metal flow line of the forged piece is better, the primary qualified rate reaches more than 95%, the forging allowance of the forged piece is reduced, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the operation difficulty is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, the production environment is improved, and the batch production is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a forging apparatus for use with an anvil according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of a forging apparatus for forming a workpiece according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a wedge and steel tube connection of a forging apparatus incorporating an anvil according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the steel bar and weight plate connection of a forging apparatus of the present invention in combination with an upper anvil;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a multi-step roll manufactured according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a multi-step roll manufactured in a comparative example;
FIG. 7 is a photograph of a multi-step roll made in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a threadless bolt of a forging apparatus for use with an anvil according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of a pin head of a forging apparatus for use with an upper anvil according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows:
the utility model provides a forging forming device that anvil was used in cooperation, a forging forming device that anvil was used in cooperation include voussoir 2, the left and right sides terminal surface of voussoir weld respectively have steel pipe 3, the one end of rod iron 4 is passed nut 5 and is connected with the steel pipe, the other end and the heavy object board 6 welding of rod iron, the nut welds in the left and right sides of anvil 1.
In the forging and forming device matched with the upper anvil, the number of the nuts is 6, the positions of the nuts are all divided into 4 points on the side surface of the upper anvil, the wedge block is in a right-angle step shape, and the length of the oblique edge of the wedge block is the same as the feeding length of a forge piece.
In the forging and forming device used in combination with the upper anvil according to the present embodiment, the clearance distance between the wedge and the upper anvil is the total height stroke, the wedge height, the maximum dimension during material deformation, and the total height stroke is the maximum diameter or the maximum height of the press forging.
In the forging and forming device used in cooperation with the upper anvil according to the embodiment, the type of the nut is M100, the inside of the nut is a smooth surface, the threads inside the nut are machined and removed by a lathe, and the inner hole of the nut is larger than the maximum side length of the M42 nut. The internal thread of the nut is removed, so that the friction force is reduced, and the service life of the steel bar is prolonged.
In the forging and forming device for matching with the upper anvil, the steel bar and the steel pipe are fixedly connected in a detachable manner.
In the forging and forming device for matching with the upper anvil according to the embodiment, the steel bar has a diameter of 40mm, and the lower end of the steel bar is welded with a nut M42 as shown in FIG. 4.
In the forging and forming device matched with the upper anvil, the nut of the M42 connected with the steel bar is a non-threaded nut and is used for being detachably and fixedly connected with the steel pipe.
In the forging apparatus for use with an anvil according to the present embodiment, the steel pipes have an outer diameter of 60mm and an inner diameter of 40mm, 3 steel pipes are welded to the left and right sides of the wedge, and each steel pipe is provided with a hole having a diameter of 25mm in the horizontal direction, as shown in fig. 3.
In the forging apparatus for anvil attachment according to the present embodiment, a bolt of M42 is used to drill a hole having a diameter of 20mm at the end of the bolt 8, as shown in fig. 8, and then the bolt of M42 is passed through the nut of M42 connected to the steel bar and the hole of the steel pipe, and then the bolt is fixed by a pin head.
In the forging forming device used in combination with the upper anvil according to the embodiment, the length of the pin head 9 is 100mm, the diameter of the pin head is 18mm, 2 holes with the diameter of 10mm are formed in the pin head, and as shown in fig. 9, a 8 th line is used for penetrating and binding the pin head to prevent the pin head from penetrating out and enabling the joint of the steel pipe and the steel bar to fall off.
The forging and forming device matched with the upper anvil is convenient to detach and install.
The second embodiment is as follows:
according to the first embodiment, the method for forging the multi-step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil comprises the following steps: the technological process of forging the multistage step roller by the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil comprises steel ingot heating → pressing jaw → first upsetting → first long circular blank drawing → second upsetting → second long circular blank drawing → third long circular blank drawing → semi-forging → heat treatment by the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, a 30MN hydraulic press is adopted for forging, the weight of a steel ingot is 10.3 tons, and the steel ingot is heated in a gas heating furnace at the temperature of 1190 ℃ for heat preservation time of 15 hours and then a jaw is pressed on the steel ingot.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot of the pressure jaw is returned to the furnace and heated, the temperature of the returned furnace is 1190 ℃, the heat preservation time is 6 hours, the upsetting platform for the first upsetting is used for upsetting, the upsetting is carried out until the diameter is 1105mm, and the upsetting ratio is 1.4.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot subjected to the first upsetting is returned to the furnace and heated, then the long round blank is drawn for the first time, the furnace returning heating temperature is 1190 ℃, the heat preservation time is 5 hours, the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil are adopted for the first round blank drawing, the long round blank drawing is carried out on the steel ingot subjected to the first upsetting to 940mm of diameter, and the single reduction is 60 mm.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot after the long circular blank is drawn for the first time is returned to the furnace for heating and then is subjected to secondary upsetting, the temperature of the returned furnace is 1190 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3 hours, the secondary upsetting is carried out until the diameter is 1110mm, and the upsetting ratio is 1.4.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot subjected to secondary upsetting is returned to the furnace and heated, then the long round blank is drawn for the second time, the furnace returning heating temperature is 1190 ℃, the heat preservation time is 4 hours, the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil are adopted for the second round blank drawing, and the steel ingot subjected to upsetting is drawn to the round blank with the diameter of 940 mm. The single pressing amount is 60 mm.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot after the long round blank is drawn for the second time is subjected to furnace returning heating, the long round blank is drawn for the third time, the furnace returning heating temperature is 1190 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil are adopted for the third time drawing of the long round blank, the round blank drawn from the steel ingot after upsetting is carried out to the diameter of 740mm, and the single reduction is 60 mm.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, a steel ingot after long circular blank drawing for the third time is subjected to furnace returning and heating, then the semi-die forging is performed by using the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the furnace returning and heating temperature is 1190 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, then the forging is synchronously operated at a specified point position through an operating machine and the forging to the finished product size, the single reduction amount is 60mm, then the forging is subjected to air cooling to 500 ℃, and is loaded into a heat treatment furnace for normalizing, the normalizing temperature is 950 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12 hours.
In the method for forging the multi-step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil according to the embodiment, the manipulator and the forging forming device for matching with the upper anvil need to be paid attention to synchronous motion during half-die forging to forge the roller to the cone, so that compared with the original process, the process for forging the multi-step roller needs to save the raw material amount by at least 0.5 ton, improve the core quality, reduce the process weight of a forging blank, reduce the manufacturing cost and optimize the forging forming process.
The method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil in the embodiment develops a manufacturing method for integrally forging a forging with a cone or a circular truncated cone, so that the metal streamline of the forging is better, the primary qualified rate reaches more than 95%, the forging allowance of the forging is reduced, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the operation difficulty is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, the production environment is improved, and the batch production is realized.
The third concrete implementation mode:
according to the first embodiment, the method for forging the multi-step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil comprises the following steps: the technological process of forging the multistage step roller by the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil comprises steel ingot heating → pressing jaw → first upsetting → first long circular blank drawing → second upsetting → second long circular blank drawing → third long circular blank drawing → semi-forging → heat treatment by the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, a 30MN hydraulic press is adopted for forging, the weight of a steel ingot is 10.3 tons, and the steel ingot is heated in a gas heating furnace at 1210 ℃ for 10 hours and then pressed in a jaw.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot of the pressure jaw is returned to the furnace and heated, the temperature for returning to the furnace is 1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 4 hours, the upsetting platform for the first upsetting is used for upsetting, the upsetting is carried out until the diameter is 1180mm, and the upsetting ratio is 1.6.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot subjected to the first upsetting is returned to the furnace and heated, then the long round blank is drawn for the first time, the furnace returning heating temperature is 1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3 hours, the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil are adopted for the first round blank drawing, the steel ingot subjected to the first upsetting is drawn to the diameter of 940mm, and the single reduction is 80 mm.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot after the long circular blank is drawn for the first time is returned to the furnace for heating and then is subjected to secondary upsetting, the temperature of the returned furnace is 210 ℃, the holding time is 3 hours, the secondary upsetting is carried out until the diameter is 1260mm, and the upsetting ratio is 1.8.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot subjected to secondary upsetting is returned to the furnace and heated, then the steel ingot is subjected to secondary drawing of the long round blank, the furnace returning heating temperature is 1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 4 hours, the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil are adopted for the secondary drawing of the round blank, and the steel ingot subjected to upsetting is drawn to the round blank with the diameter of 940 mm. The single pressing amount is 80 mm.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot after the long round blank is drawn for the second time is subjected to furnace returning heating, the long round blank is drawn for the third time, the furnace returning heating temperature is 1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1h, the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil are adopted for drawing the round blank for the third time, the diameter of the steel ingot after upsetting is drawn to be 740mm, and the single reduction is 60 mm.
According to the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, in the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, after steel ingots after long circular blanks are drawn for the third time are subjected to furnace returning and heating, semi-forging is carried out by using the forging forming device for matching with the upper anvil, the furnace returning and heating temperature is 1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1h, then the forging is synchronously operated at a specified point position through an operating machine and the forging to be forged to the finished product size, the single reduction amount is 60mm, then the forging is air-cooled to 400 ℃, and is loaded into a heat treatment furnace for normalizing, the normalizing temperature is 970 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12 h.
In the method for forging the multi-step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil according to the embodiment, the manipulator and the forging forming device for matching with the upper anvil need to be paid attention to synchronous motion during half-die forging to forge the roller to the cone, so that compared with the original process, the process for forging the multi-step roller needs to save the raw material amount by at least 0.5 ton, improve the core quality, reduce the process weight of a forging blank, reduce the manufacturing cost and optimize the forging forming process.
The method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil in the embodiment develops a manufacturing method for integrally forging a forging with a cone or a circular truncated cone, so that the metal streamline of the forging is better, the primary qualified rate reaches more than 95%, the forging allowance of the forging is reduced, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the operation difficulty is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, the production environment is improved, and the batch production is realized.
The fourth concrete implementation mode:
according to the first embodiment, the method for forging the multi-step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil comprises the following steps: the technological process of forging the multistage step roller by the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil comprises steel ingot heating → pressing jaw → first upsetting → first long circular blank drawing → second upsetting → second long circular blank drawing → third long circular blank drawing → semi-forging → heat treatment by the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the forging method for the multistage step roller with the conical table adopts a 30MN hydraulic press for forging, the weight of a steel ingot is 10.3 tons, and in the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot is put into a gas heating furnace for heating, the heating temperature is 1200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 11 hours, and then the steel ingot is pressed against a jaw.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot at the pressure jaw is returned to the furnace and heated, the temperature for returning to the furnace is 1200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 5 hours, the upsetting platform for the first upsetting is used for upsetting, the upsetting is carried out until the diameter is 1220mm, and the upsetting ratio is 1.7.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot subjected to the first upsetting is returned to the furnace and heated, then the long round blank is drawn for the first time, the furnace returning heating temperature is 1200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3 hours, the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil are adopted for the first round blank drawing, the steel ingot subjected to the first upsetting is drawn to the diameter of 940mm, and the single reduction is 70 mm.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot after the long circular blank is drawn for the first time is returned to the furnace for heating and then is subjected to secondary upsetting, the temperature of the returned furnace is 1200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3 hours, the secondary upsetting is carried out until the diameter is 1260mm, and the upsetting ratio is 1.8.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot subjected to secondary upsetting is returned to the furnace and heated, then the round blank is drawn for 3 hours, the furnace returning heating temperature is 1200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3 hours, the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil are adopted for the round blank drawn for the second time, and the round blank drawn from the steel ingot subjected to upsetting is drawn to the diameter of 940 mm. The single pressing amount is 70 mm.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot after the long round blank is drawn for the second time is subjected to furnace returning heating, the long round blank is drawn for the third time, the furnace returning heating temperature is 1200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1h, the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil are adopted for the third time drawing of the round blank, the steel ingot after upsetting is drawn to the round blank with the diameter of 740mm, and the single reduction is 60 mm.
According to the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, in the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, after steel ingots after long circular blanks are drawn for the third time are subjected to furnace returning and heating, semi-forging is performed by using the forging forming device for matching with the upper anvil, the furnace returning and heating temperature is 1200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1h, then the forging is synchronously operated at a specified point position through an operating machine and the forging to be forged to the finished product size, the single reduction amount is 60mm, then the forging is subjected to air cooling to 500 ℃, and is loaded into a heat treatment furnace for normalizing, the normalizing temperature is 960 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12 h.
In the method for forging the multi-step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil according to the embodiment, the manipulator and the forging forming device for matching with the upper anvil need to be paid attention to synchronous motion during half-die forging to forge the roller to the cone, so that compared with the original process, the process for forging the multi-step roller needs to save the raw material amount by at least 0.5 ton, improve the core quality, reduce the process weight of a forging blank, reduce the manufacturing cost and optimize the forging forming process.
The method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil in the embodiment develops a manufacturing method for integrally forging a forging with a cone or a circular truncated cone, so that the metal streamline of the forging is better, the primary qualified rate reaches more than 95%, the forging allowance of the forging is reduced, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the operation difficulty is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, the production environment is improved, and the batch production is realized.
The fifth concrete implementation mode:
according to the first embodiment, the method for forging the multi-step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil comprises the following steps: the technological process of forging the multistage step roller by the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil comprises steel ingot heating → pressing jaw → first upsetting → first long circular blank drawing → second upsetting → second long circular blank drawing → third long circular blank drawing → semi-forging → heat treatment by the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, a 30MN hydraulic press is adopted for forging, the weight of a steel ingot is 10.3 tons, and the steel ingot is heated in a gas heating furnace at 1210 ℃ for 9 hours and then pressed in a jaw.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot of the pressure jaw is returned to the furnace and heated, the temperature of the returned furnace is 1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3 hours, the upsetting platform for the first upsetting is used for upsetting, the upsetting is carried out until the diameter is 1145mm, and the upsetting ratio is 1.44.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot subjected to the first upsetting is returned to the furnace and heated, then the long round blank is drawn for the first time, the furnace returning heating temperature is 1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3 hours, the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil are adopted for the first round blank drawing, the steel ingot subjected to the first upsetting is drawn to the diameter of 940mm, and the single reduction is 80 mm.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot after the long circular blank is drawn for the first time is returned to the furnace for heating and then is subjected to secondary upsetting, the temperature of the returned furnace is 1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3 hours, the secondary upsetting is carried out until the diameter is 1145mm, and the upsetting ratio is 1.44.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot subjected to secondary upsetting is returned to the furnace and heated, then the steel ingot is subjected to secondary drawing of the long round blank, the furnace returning heating temperature is 1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3 hours, the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil are adopted for the secondary drawing of the round blank, and the steel ingot subjected to upsetting is drawn to the round blank with the diameter of 940 mm. The single pressing amount is 60 mm.
In the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot after the long round blank is drawn for the second time is subjected to furnace returning heating, the long round blank is drawn for the third time, the furnace returning heating temperature is 1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1h, the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil are adopted for drawing the round blank for the third time, the diameter of the steel ingot after upsetting is drawn to be 740mm, and the single reduction is 60 mm.
According to the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, in the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, after steel ingots after long circular blanks are drawn for the third time are subjected to furnace returning and heating, semi-forging is performed by using the forging forming device for matching with the upper anvil, the furnace returning and heating temperature is 1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1h, then the forging is synchronously operated at a specified point position through an operating machine and the forging to be forged to the finished product size, the single reduction amount is 60mm, then the forging is subjected to air cooling to 450 ℃, and is loaded into a heat treatment furnace for normalizing, the normalizing temperature is 960 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12 h.
In the method for forging the multi-step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil according to the embodiment, the manipulator and the forging forming device for matching with the upper anvil need to be paid attention to synchronous motion during half-die forging to forge the roller to the cone, so that compared with the original process, the process for forging the multi-step roller needs to save the raw material amount by at least 0.5 ton, improve the core quality, reduce the process weight of a forging blank, reduce the manufacturing cost and optimize the forging forming process.
The method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil in the embodiment develops a manufacturing method for integrally forging a forging with a cone or a circular truncated cone, so that the metal streamline of the forging is better, the primary qualified rate reaches more than 95%, the forging allowance of the forging is reduced, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the operation difficulty is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, the production environment is improved, and the batch production is realized.
The sixth specific implementation mode:
the utility model provides a forging forming device that anvil was used in cooperation, a forging forming device that anvil was used in cooperation include the voussoir, the left and right sides terminal surface of voussoir weld respectively the steel pipe, the one end of rod iron is passed the nut and is connected with the steel pipe, the other end and the heavy object board welding of rod iron, the nut welds in the left and right sides of last anvil.
The seventh embodiment:
according to a sixth specific embodiment, the number of the nuts is 6, the positions of the nuts are all divided into 4 points on the side surface of the upper anvil, the wedge block is in a right-angle step shape, the length of the oblique edge of the wedge block is the same as the feeding length of a forge piece, the clearance distance between the wedge block and the upper anvil is the total height stroke, the height of the wedge block and the maximum size of the material during deformation, and the total height stroke is the maximum diameter or the maximum height of the press forging.
The specific implementation mode is eight:
according to a sixth embodiment, a method for forging a multi-step roller in cooperation with a forging device for an upper anvil comprises the following steps: the technological process of forging the multistage step roller by the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil comprises steel ingot heating → pressing jaw → first upsetting → first long circular blank drawing → second upsetting → second long circular blank drawing → third long circular blank drawing → semi-forging → heat treatment by the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil.
In the method for forging the multi-step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil according to the embodiment, the manipulator and the forging forming device for matching with the upper anvil need to be paid attention to synchronous motion during half-die forging to forge the roller to the cone, so that compared with the original process, the process for forging the multi-step roller needs to save the raw material amount by at least 0.5 ton, improve the core quality, reduce the process weight of a forging blank, reduce the manufacturing cost and optimize the forging forming process.
The method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil in the embodiment develops a manufacturing method for integrally forging a forging with a cone or a circular truncated cone, so that the metal streamline of the forging is better, the primary qualified rate reaches more than 95%, the forging allowance of the forging is reduced, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the operation difficulty is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, the production environment is improved, and the batch production is realized.
The specific implementation method nine:
according to the eighth specific embodiment, the forging method of the multistage step roller with the conical table is implemented by adopting a 30MN hydraulic press, the weight of a steel ingot is 10.3 tons, the steel ingot is heated in a gas heating furnace at the temperature of 1190-1210 ℃ for 9-15 hours, and then the steel ingot is pressed in a nip.
The detailed implementation mode is ten:
according to the eighth embodiment, in the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot at the pressure jaw is returned to the furnace and heated, then primary upsetting is carried out, the temperature of the returned furnace is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-6 hours, the first upsetting is carried out by using an upsetting platform, the upsetting is carried out until the diameter is 1105-1320 mm, and the upsetting ratio is 1.4-2.0.
The concrete implementation mode eleven:
according to the eighth embodiment, in the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot subjected to the first upsetting is returned to the furnace to be heated, then the long round blank is drawn for the first time, the furnace returning heating temperature is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-5 hours, the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil are adopted as the first round blank drawing, the steel ingot subjected to the first upsetting is drawn to be 940mm in diameter, and the single reduction is 60-80 mm.
The specific implementation mode twelve:
according to the eighth embodiment, in the method for forging the multistage step roller by the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil, the steel ingot after the long circular blank is drawn for the first time is returned to the furnace for heating and then is subjected to secondary upsetting, the temperature of the returned furnace is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-4 hours, the steel ingot is subjected to secondary upsetting to the diameter of 1105-1320 mm, and the upsetting ratio is 1.4-2.0.
The specific implementation mode is thirteen:
according to the eighth embodiment, in the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot subjected to secondary upsetting is returned to the furnace and heated, then long round blank drawing is carried out, the furnace returning heating temperature is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-4 hours, the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil are adopted as the second long round blank drawing, and the steel ingot subjected to upsetting is drawn to the round blank diameter of 940 mm. The single rolling reduction is 60-80 mm.
The specific implementation mode is fourteen:
according to the eighth embodiment, in the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot after the long round blank is drawn for the second time is subjected to furnace returning and heating, the long round blank is drawn for the third time, the furnace returning and heating temperature is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-2 hours, the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil are adopted for the third time of drawing the round blank, the diameter of the upset steel ingot is drawn to 740mm, and the single reduction is 60-80 mm.
The concrete implementation mode is fifteen:
according to the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, according to the eighth specific embodiment, in the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, after the steel ingot after the long circular blank is drawn for the third time is subjected to furnace returning and heating, the steel ingot is subjected to semi-die forging by using the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the furnace returning and heating temperature is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-2 hours, then the steel ingot is synchronously forged to the finished product size at the specified point position through the manipulator and the forge piece, the single reduction is 60-80 mm, then the forge piece is subjected to air cooling to 400-500 ℃, and is put into a heat treatment furnace for normalizing, the normalizing temperature is 950-970 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12 hours.

Claims (7)

1. A method for forging a multi-step roller is characterized by comprising the following steps: heating a steel ingot → pressing a jaw → first upsetting → first drawing the long circular blank → second upsetting → second drawing the long circular blank → third drawing the long circular blank → performing half die forging with a forging and forming device matched with an upper anvil → performing heat treatment;
the steel ingot after the long circular blank is drawn for the third time is subjected to furnace returning heating, then the semi-die forging is carried out by using the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil, the furnace returning heating temperature is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-2 hours, then the forging is synchronously operated at the specified point position through an operating machine until the size of the finished product is reached, the single reduction is 60-80 mm, then the forging piece is subjected to air cooling to 400-500 ℃, the forging piece is placed into a heat treatment furnace for normalizing, the normalizing temperature is 950-970 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12 hours;
the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil comprises a wedge block (2), steel pipes (3) are welded on the end faces of the left side and the right side of the wedge block (2) respectively, one end of a steel bar (4) penetrates through a nut (5) to be connected with the steel pipes (3), the other end of the steel bar (4) is welded with a heavy object plate (6), and the nut (5) is welded on the left side and the right side of the upper anvil (1); the number of the nuts (5) is 6, the positions of the nuts are all divided into 4 points on the side surface of the upper anvil (1), the wedge block (2) is in a right-angle step shape, and the length of the oblique edge of the wedge block (2) is the same as the feeding length of the forge piece.
2. The method of forging a multi-step roll as claimed in claim 1, wherein: forging by using a 30MN hydraulic press, wherein the weight of the steel ingot is 10.3 tons, heating the steel ingot by putting the steel ingot into a gas heating furnace for heating at the temperature of 1190-1210 ℃ for 9-15 hours, and then pressing a jaw on the steel ingot.
3. The method of forging a multi-step roll as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: and returning the steel ingot at the pressure jaw to the furnace for heating, then carrying out primary upsetting, wherein the temperature for returning to the furnace is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-6 h, and the primary upsetting is carried out by using an upsetting platform until the diameter is 1105-1320 mm, and the upsetting ratio is 1.4-2.0.
4. The method of forging a multi-step roll as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: and returning the steel ingot subjected to the first upsetting to a furnace, heating, and then drawing the long round blank for the first time, wherein the temperature for returning to the furnace is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-5 h, the round blank for the first time is drawn by adopting an upper flat anvil and a lower flat anvil, the diameter of the long round blank for the first time is 940mm, and the single rolling reduction is 60-80 mm.
5. The method of forging a multi-step roll as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: and returning the steel ingot after the long circular blank is drawn for the first time to the furnace for heating, and then carrying out secondary upsetting, wherein the temperature for returning to the furnace is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-4 h, the secondary upsetting is carried out until the diameter is 1105-1320 mm, and the upsetting ratio is 1.4-2.0.
6. The method of forging a multi-step roll as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: and returning the steel ingot subjected to the secondary upsetting to the furnace, heating, and then drawing the long round blank for the second time, wherein the temperature for returning to the furnace is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-4 h, the round blank for the second time is drawn by an upper flat anvil and a lower flat anvil, the diameter of the round blank for the second time is 940mm, and the single rolling reduction is 60-80 mm.
7. The method of forging a multi-step roll as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: and (3) returning the steel ingot after the second long circular blank drawing to the furnace, heating, and drawing the long circular blank for the third time, wherein the temperature for returning to the furnace is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-2 h, the third round blank drawing adopts an upper flat anvil and a lower flat anvil, the diameter of the third round blank drawing is 740mm, and the single rolling reduction is 60-80 mm.
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