CN111644446A - Method for separating inorganic salt from fly ash - Google Patents
Method for separating inorganic salt from fly ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN111644446A CN111644446A CN202010527576.9A CN202010527576A CN111644446A CN 111644446 A CN111644446 A CN 111644446A CN 202010527576 A CN202010527576 A CN 202010527576A CN 111644446 A CN111644446 A CN 111644446A
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- fly ash
- inorganic salt
- sedimentation tank
- slurry
- mother liquor
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- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000009920 chelation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- VEUACKUBDLVUAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[Ca] Chemical compound [Na].[Ca] VEUACKUBDLVUAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B7/26—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag from raw materials containing flue dust, i.e. fly ash
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for separating inorganic salt from fly ash, which comprises the steps of pretreatment and chelation, landfill treatment or recycling as recycled brick aggregate, wherein the pretreatment comprises the following specific steps: adding fly ash into a specific calcium-sodium inorganic salt solvent, and stirring and mixing to obtain mixed slurry; placing the slurry in a sedimentation tank and standing for 0.5-5 hours, overflowing supernatant of the slurry from an overflow port of the sedimentation tank, and injecting the supernatant into a reaction kettle to perform reaction crystallization operation to obtain inorganic salt crystals; centrifuging inorganic salt crystals, filtering out mother liquor, cleaning and drying to obtain reusable inorganic salt; and step four, cleaning the slag at the bottom of the sedimentation tank and then using the cleaned slag for regenerating brick aggregates. After inorganic salt is separated, the weight loss of the fly ash reaches 40-75%, and the land occupation requirement of fly ash landfill is reduced; as the calcium element can absorb the chelating agent, after the calcium salt is separated, the quantity of the chelating agent required by the solidification of the residual fly ash is reduced, and the solidification cost of the fly ash is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fly ash treatment, in particular to a method for separating inorganic salt in fly ash.
Background
China is a world-wide country of waste resources. The development of the waste incineration power generation industry is supported by central governments and local governments, and since 2010, Chinese waste incineration power plants grow at a speed of about 30 seats per year.
The municipal solid waste incineration fly ash is a main byproduct in waste incineration treatment, and has become a difficult problem to be solved urgently in the development of waste incineration industry due to the fact that the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash contains high-content heavy metals, dioxin and other hazardous substances.
The existing fly ash disposal technology comprises the approaches of solidifying heavy metal by using chelating agent, adding cement for solidification, melting at high temperature, firing cement and the like. The main stream is the solidification by adding cement with a chelating agent, and the scheme has the defects that the fly ash can damage the cement structure, so that heavy metals are dissolved out and a solidified body is broken. In addition, cement has a limited life, poor effect and high cost.
The disadvantages of the waste incineration fly ash treatment are: most of cities built with waste incineration plants in China do not have safe landfill sites; cities with safe landfills cannot be treated. The land utilization is tense, which causes the fly ash to be accumulated in large quantity and can not be removed everywhere. Therefore, the recycling of fly ash after the fly ash is rendered harmless is an optimum treatment method, but the inorganic salt in fly ash causes low chelating efficiency and low curing strength, which becomes a recycling bottleneck.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a method for specifically separating inorganic salts containing calcium and sodium elements from fly ash, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
a method for separating inorganic salt from fly ash comprises the steps of pretreatment and chelation, landfill treatment or recycling as recycled brick aggregate, and is characterized in that the pretreatment comprises the following specific steps:
step one, adding fly ash into any solvent capable of dissolving target inorganic salt, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain slurry;
placing the slurry in a sedimentation tank and standing for 0.5-5 hours, overflowing supernatant of the slurry from an overflow port of the sedimentation tank, introducing the supernatant into a reaction kettle, and performing matching treatment in one or more modes of extraction, back extraction, distillation, replacement reaction and crystallization to obtain the inorganic salt crystal; pumping the mother liquor back for cyclic utilization;
centrifuging inorganic salt crystals, filtering out mother liquor, washing with water, and drying to obtain a fly ash separated inorganic salt finished product; the inorganic salt can be reused as snow melting salt; the separated treatment mother liquor is pumped back for cyclic utilization;
discharging the bottom sludge of the sedimentation tank through a screw conveyor or other modes, conveying the bottom sludge to a sludge washing machine, and introducing clean water to wash for one to two times to obtain residual fly ash; the washing water can be mixed into the mother liquor for utilization; the sediment at the bottom of the sedimentation tank can be used for regenerating brick aggregate after being cleaned.
Preferably, the solvent used in the first step is at least one or more of water, organic or inorganic acid, ester, complex salt, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the fly ash to the solvent in the first step is 1: (0.3-7).
Preferably, stirring is carried out for 1-20 minutes before uniform mixing in the step one.
Preferably, the crystallization method adopts one of evaporative crystallization or cooling crystallization.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method has reasonable design and simple operation, because the domestic garbage contains a large amount of food garbage, the incineration fly ash contains sodium salt and sylvite accounting for 20-40% of the weight, and because the flue gas is treated by lime, the fly ash contains 20-40% of calcium salt (calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, calcium oxide and the like) by weight, after inorganic salt is separated, the weight fraction of the fly ash reduced reaches 40-75%, and the requirement of fly ash landfill land occupation is greatly reduced;
2. the calcium element can absorb the chelating agent, so that after the calcium salt is separated, the quantity of the chelating agent required by the solidification of the residual fly ash is greatly reduced, and the solidification cost of the fly ash is greatly reduced;
3. in the pretreatment step of the method, the fly ash treatment cost is reduced by separating inorganic salt containing calcium and sodium elements in the fly ash, the recycling value of the fly ash is improved, the obtained inorganic salt has a road snow melting effect, has no harmful components, can be reused as snow melting salt, and obtains resource recycling benefits; the sediment at the bottom of the sedimentation tank can be used for recycled brick aggregate after being cleaned, compared with the original fly ash, the recycled brick produced by the sediment has high strength and high value, or after being mixed with chelating agent and cured, compared with the original fly ash, the chelating agent dosage required for processing the sediment is greatly reduced, and the economic benefit is outstanding.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present patent will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1
A method for separating inorganic salt from fly ash comprises the following steps:
step one, adding fly ash into water and uniformly mixing, wherein the weight ratio of fly ash to water is 1:2.6, and obtaining slurry;
step two, placing the slurry in a sedimentation tank and standing for 3 hours, overflowing supernatant of the slurry from an overflow port, and introducing the supernatant into a crystallizer for crystallization to obtain inorganic salt crystals;
and step three, centrifuging the inorganic salt crystals, filtering out mother liquor, drying to obtain inorganic salt mainly comprising sodium salt, recycling the mother liquor, washing bottom mud in the sedimentation tank to obtain residual fly ash, and adding the washed waste water into the mother liquor for continuous use.
And step four, discharging the bottom mud of the sedimentation tank through a screw conveyor, conveying the bottom mud to a mud washing machine, and introducing clean water to wash the bottom mud for one to two times to obtain the residual fly ash. The washing water is mixed with the mother liquor for utilization.
And step five, the residual fly ash can be sent into a cement kiln to be fired with cement. Compared with the original fly ash, the residual fly ash does not generate salt fog when being calcined in the cement kiln, does not destroy the effective components of the cement or destroy the cement kiln, and has higher economic value.
Example 2
A method for separating inorganic salt from fly ash comprises the following steps:
adding fly ash into a solvent capable of dissolving inorganic salt, and uniformly mixing, wherein the solvent is a mixture of organic acid and dimethyl sulfoxide to obtain slurry;
step two, placing the slurry in a sedimentation tank and standing for 3.2 hours, overflowing supernatant of the slurry from an overflow port, extracting the supernatant, introducing the supernatant into a crystallizer, and performing evaporative crystallization to obtain inorganic salt crystals;
and step three, centrifuging the inorganic salt crystals at 480rpm, filtering out mother liquor, drying to obtain inorganic salt, recycling the mother liquor, washing bottom mud in the sedimentation tank to obtain residual fly ash, and adding the washed waste water into the mother liquor for continuous use.
And step four, the residual fly ash can be used for regenerating brick aggregate. Compared with the original fly ash, the strength of the regenerated brick can not be damaged, and the usability of the regenerated brick is ensured.
Example 3
A method for separating inorganic salt from fly ash comprises the following steps:
adding fly ash into a solvent capable of dissolving inorganic salt, grinding for 10 minutes, and then uniformly mixing, wherein the solvent is a mixture of water, composite salt and N-methylpyrrolidone, so as to obtain slurry;
placing the slurry in a sedimentation tank and standing for 2 hours, overflowing supernatant of the slurry from an overflow port, introducing the supernatant into a reaction kettle for replacement reaction, extraction and back extraction to obtain inorganic salt crystals;
and step three, centrifuging the inorganic salt crystals at the rotating speed of 600rpm, filtering out mother liquor, drying to obtain inorganic salt, recycling the mother liquor, washing bottom mud in the sedimentation tank to obtain residual fly ash, and adding the washed waste water into the mother liquor for continuous use.
And step four, adding 20 kilograms of conventional chelating agent into each ton of the residual fly ash for chelating, and delivering the chelated residues to a landfill for landfill treatment. Compared with the original fly ash, the consumption of the chelating agent is greatly reduced, and the economic value is outstanding.
Example 4
A method for separating inorganic salt from fly ash comprises the following steps:
adding fly ash into a solvent capable of dissolving inorganic salt, grinding for 12 minutes in a pulverizer, and uniformly mixing, wherein the solvent is a mixture of acid, ester, dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide to obtain slurry;
placing the slurry in a sedimentation tank and standing for 1.5 hours, overflowing supernatant of the slurry from an overflow port, introducing the supernatant into a crystallizer and carrying out evaporative crystallization to obtain inorganic salt crystals;
and step three, centrifuging the inorganic salt crystals, filtering out mother liquor, drying to obtain inorganic salt, recycling the mother liquor, washing the bottom mud in the sedimentation tank to obtain residual fly ash, and adding the washed waste water into the mother liquor for continuous use.
And step four, adding 20 kilograms of conventional chelating agent into each ton of the residual fly ash for chelating, and delivering the chelated residues to a landfill for landfill treatment. Compared with the original fly ash, the consumption of the chelating agent is greatly reduced, and the economic value is outstanding.
Example 5
A method for separating inorganic salt from fly ash comprises the following steps:
step one, adding fly ash into a solvent capable of dissolving inorganic salt and uniformly mixing, wherein the weight ratio of fly ash to the solvent is 1: 0.3, the solvent comprises a mixture of acid, ester, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methyl pyrrolidone and dimethylacetamide to obtain slurry;
placing the slurry in a sedimentation tank and standing for 4.2 hours, overflowing supernatant of the slurry from an overflow port, and introducing the supernatant into a reaction kettle for extraction to obtain inorganic salt crystals;
and step three, centrifuging the inorganic salt crystals at the rotating speed of 540rpm, filtering out mother liquor, drying to obtain inorganic salt, recycling the mother liquor, washing bottom mud in the sedimentation tank to obtain residual fly ash, and adding the washed waste water into the mother liquor for continuous use.
And step four, the residual fly ash can be used for regenerating brick aggregate. Compared with the original fly ash, the strength of the regenerated brick can not be damaged, and the usability of the regenerated brick is ensured.
Example 6
A method for separating inorganic salt from fly ash comprises the following steps:
step one, adding fly ash into a solvent capable of dissolving inorganic salt and uniformly mixing, wherein the weight ratio of fly ash to the solvent is 1: 5.6, the solvent is a mixture of water, acid, ester, N-methyl pyrrolidone, dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide to obtain slurry;
placing the slurry in a sedimentation tank and standing for 1.4 hours, overflowing supernatant of the slurry from an overflow port, and introducing the supernatant into a reaction kettle for extraction to obtain inorganic salt crystals;
and step three, centrifuging the inorganic salt crystals, filtering out mother liquor, drying to obtain inorganic salt, recycling the mother liquor, washing the bottom mud in the sedimentation tank to obtain residual fly ash, and adding the washed waste water into the mother liquor for continuous use.
And step four, the residual fly ash can be used for regenerating brick aggregate. Compared with the original fly ash, the strength of the regenerated brick can not be damaged, and the usability of the regenerated brick is ensured.
Example 7
A method for separating inorganic salt from fly ash comprises the following steps:
step one, adding fly ash into a solvent capable of dissolving inorganic salt and grinding for 8 minutes, wherein the solvent is a mixture of water, acid, ester, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide, and the weight ratio of the fly ash to the solvent is 1: 7, uniformly mixing to obtain slurry;
step two, placing the slurry in a sedimentation tank and standing for 0.5-5 hours, overflowing supernatant of the slurry from an overflow port, extracting the supernatant to obtain inorganic salt I, introducing the residual mother liquor into a crystallizer again and carrying out evaporative crystallization to obtain inorganic salt crystal II;
and step three, centrifuging the inorganic salt crystals at the rotating speed of 630rpm, filtering out mother liquor, drying to obtain inorganic salt, recycling the mother liquor, washing bottom mud in the sedimentation tank to obtain residual fly ash, and adding the washed waste water into the mother liquor for continuous use. The inorganic salt can be reused as a drying agent. The inorganic salt II can be reused as snow melting salt. The separation scheme diversifies the reuse channel of the separated substances.
And step four, the residual fly ash can be used for regenerating brick aggregate. Compared with the original fly ash, the strength of the regenerated brick can not be damaged, and the usability of the regenerated brick is ensured.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. A method for separating inorganic salt from fly ash comprises the steps of pretreatment and chelation, landfill treatment or recycling as recycled brick aggregate, and is characterized in that the pretreatment comprises the following specific steps:
step one, adding fly ash into any solvent capable of dissolving target inorganic salt, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain slurry;
placing the slurry in a sedimentation tank and standing for 0.5-5 hours, overflowing supernatant of the slurry from an overflow port of the sedimentation tank, introducing the supernatant into a reaction kettle, and performing matching treatment in one or more modes of extraction, back extraction, distillation, replacement reaction and crystallization to obtain the inorganic salt crystal; pumping the mother liquor back for cyclic utilization;
centrifuging inorganic salt crystals, filtering out mother liquor, washing with water, and drying to obtain a fly ash separated inorganic salt finished product; the inorganic salt can be reused as snow melting salt; the separated treatment mother liquor is pumped back for cyclic utilization;
discharging the bottom sludge of the sedimentation tank through a screw conveyor or other modes, conveying the bottom sludge to a sludge washing machine, and introducing clean water to wash for one to two times to obtain residual fly ash; the washing water can be mixed into the mother liquor for utilization; the sediment at the bottom of the sedimentation tank can be used for regenerating brick aggregate after being cleaned.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent used in the first step is at least one or more selected from the group consisting of water, organic or inorganic acids, esters, complex salts, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of fly ash to solvent in the first step is 1: (0.3-7).
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first step requires stirring for 1-20 minutes before the first step is performed.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the crystallizing in the first step is performed by one of evaporative crystallization or temperature-reducing crystallization.
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1654403A (en) * | 2005-01-14 | 2005-08-17 | 清华大学 | Method for preparing light aggregate through burning fly ash by using garbage |
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