CN111644261A - Red mud iron separation method - Google Patents
Red mud iron separation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111644261A CN111644261A CN202010521072.6A CN202010521072A CN111644261A CN 111644261 A CN111644261 A CN 111644261A CN 202010521072 A CN202010521072 A CN 202010521072A CN 111644261 A CN111644261 A CN 111644261A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
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Abstract
A red mud iron separation method relates to a method for recovering iron from red mud, and is characterized in that a tailing scavenging process, a roughing concentrate cyclone desliming process, a concentrating concentrate slurry desliming process, a tailing desliming process and a desulfurization process are added on the basis of a rough-fine red mud iron separation process; the problem of the iron ore concentrate sulfur content is on the high side is solved, and simultaneously the metal recovery rate and the ore concentrate grade are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to a method for recovering iron from red mud.
Background
The red mud is granular extremely fine strong alkaline solid waste generated in the process of producing alumina by taking bauxite as a raw material, and the red mud is generated by about 1.5 tons per 1 ton of alumina. At present, the comprehensive utilization rate of red mud in China is only 4%, and the accumulated stock is more than 2.5 hundred million tons. With the annual increase of alumina yield and gradual reduction of bauxite grade in China, the annual production amount of red mud is continuously increased. The red mud is piled up in large quantity, which not only occupies land and wastes resources, but also easily causes environmental pollution and potential safety hazard.
China makes a great deal of research on how to comprehensively utilize red mud, and the technology which is put into industrial production at present mainly is the iron separation of the red mud, namely, the iron and the iron oxide in the red mud are recovered by a magnetic separation method. The red mud iron separation technology is practically applied to plain alumina plants, Huayin alumina plants, Shandong aluminum plants, Xinsheng aluminum industry and Shandong Weiqiao aluminum industry. The original process flow of red mud iron separation is shown in figure 2, wherein an access point of the red mud iron separation is arranged after the last washing, the red mud discharged from a washing and settling tank at the last washing is cut off and conveyed to a magnetic separation workshop, the overflow liquid of a tailing overflow tank is used as water for adjusting the solid content of the red mud slurry, and the solid content of the red mud slurry is adjusted to 150g/l-200 g/l.
After coarse particles and scrap iron are respectively removed from the red mud slurry flowing through a slag separating screen and a permanent magnet machine, the slurry flows through a high-gradient coarse magnetic separator, the magnetic field intensity of the high-gradient coarse magnetic separator is 0.7T-1.5T, tailings of the coarse magnetic separator enter a tailings thickener with the diameter of 55 meters, the bottom flow of the tailings thickener enters a red mud filter-pressing workshop for filter pressing, and the overflow of the tailings thickener returns to be used as adjusting water for solid content of the red mud slurry, so that a water closed loop circulation is formed.
The concentrate of the rough magnetic separator enters a high-gradient fine magnetic separator, the magnetic field intensity of the high-gradient fine magnetic separator is 0.4T-1.0T, the concentrate of the fine magnetic separator is finished iron concentrate, iron concentrate slurry enters a fine ore thickener with the diameter of 30 meters, the bottom flow of the concentrate thickener enters a concentrate filter pressing workshop for filter pressing, and overflow liquid of the concentrate thickener is used as flushing water of the fine magnetic separator.
Concentrating tailings of the fine magnetic separator by a thickener with the diameter of 15 meters, and scavenging once again, wherein the magnetic field intensity is 0.4T-0.7T. And (3) feeding tailings obtained by scavenging the selected tailings into a tailing thickener, and feeding concentrate obtained by scavenging the selected tailings into a concentrate thickener.
The iron selection process flow has the following defects: (1) because the raw materials are diluted and only subjected to one-section high-gradient magnetic separation roughing (0.7T-1.5T), the concentrate in the roughing section enters the concentration, the metal recovery rate of the high-gradient magnetic separator in the red mud iron-dressing roughing section is 33 percent, the tailings in the roughing section are directly discarded, and the loss of the whole metal amount is serious only by one-section roughing. (2) In each high-gradient magnetic separation process, according to the beneficiation characteristics of a high-gradient magnetic separator, part of fine mud is mixed in iron ore slurry separated in the magnetic separation process, so that the final quality of iron ore concentrate is influenced; (3) because the concentration of the selected tailings is too low (3%), the ore pulp is concentrated to reach the concentration of 7% by a thickener before entering a high-gradient magnetic separator to be used as a fine tail sweeping section; concentrate (10%) of the concentration machine also needs to be concentrated to the concentration of 25% by a thickener so as to be conveyed to a filter press for dehydration; namely, the original process needs to be put into a concentrate thickener with the diameter of 20 meters and a concentrate tailing thickener with the diameter of 15 meters, and each thickener has high manufacturing cost. (4) Due to the rapid development of alumina production in recent years, along with the rapid reduction of high-quality bauxite resources, high-sulfur bauxite exists in the utilization range of various large alumina plants, 80-90% of sulfur in the high-sulfur bauxite exists in a ferric sulfide state, the main mineral components of the high-sulfur bauxite are pyrite, pyrrhotite and the like, a part of high-sulfur iron ore can be separated out by using high-gradient magnetic separation in red mud iron separation, so that the final iron ore concentrate has a high sulfur content (S is more than or equal to 0.25%), and the sale requirement is not met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a red mud iron separation method, which solves the problem of high sulfur content of iron ore concentrate, and simultaneously improves the metal recovery rate and the grade of the ore concentrate.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical measures:
a red mud iron separation method comprises a rough-fine red mud iron separation operation flow, wherein a high-gradient magnetic separator is added at the rear end of the rough separation tailings to perform a rough separation tailing scavenging flow, a rough separation concentrate rotational flow desliming flow is added before the rough separation concentrate enters a fine separation section, a cyclone desliming flow is added at the rear end of an iron concentrate pulp selected at a fine separation section, and gangue and slurry carried by the high-gradient magnetic separator in the ore separation process are removed; a cyclone desliming process is added to the selected tailings; and mixing the roughing tail scavenged concentrate and the roughing concentrate together, feeding the mixture into a roughing concentrate cyclone for desliming and concentrating, and feeding the bottom flow of the cyclone into a high-gradient magnetic concentration machine.
Further: the roughing tailing scavenging equipment adopts an SLon2000 type vertical ring pulse high gradient magnetic separator, and the magnetic field intensity is 0.8T-1.0T.
Further: adding a desulfurization process of iron ore concentrate flotation combined equipment before filter pressing at the tail end, concentrating and desliming the ore concentrate by using a cyclone, and then feeding the ore concentrate into the flotation combined equipment, wherein the flotation combined equipment process is a primary coarse cleaning process and a secondary fine cleaning process; 5-10 g/t of amyl xanthate and 1-2 g/t of pine oil are added into the slurry stirring barrel before flotation, the iron ore slurry is mixed with the ore slurry uniformly and then sequentially enters a flotation roughing section, a first scavenging and a second scavenging, the sulfur concentrate after the second scavenging returns to the first scavenging, the sulfur concentrate after the first scavenging returns to the roughing section, and the sulfur concentrate in the roughing section is refined to finally remove most of sulfur compounds in the ore slurry.
Advantageous technical effects
The invention can achieve the following technical effects:
(1) the scavenging flow of the rougher tailings is added in the original flow, the operation yield of the ore dressing section is 5 percent, the operation metal recovery rate is 12 percent, the original 11.5 percent yield of the red mud iron dressing system is increased to 14.0 percent, and the original 33 percent metal recovery rate is increased to 35.8 percent.
(2) A roughing concentrate cyclone, a concentrating concentrate cyclone and a concentrating tailing cyclone are added in the original flow, and each cyclone mainly has the functions of concentration and desliming; the concentration of the original rougher concentrate is 8-9%, the iron grade is 38-39%, the concentration of underflow is 15%, the iron grade is 43-44%, the concentration of overflow is 2-3%, the iron grade is 22-23%, the yield of 800 meshes is more than or equal to 95%, the operation yield of the cyclone section is 90%, and the recovery rate of operation metal is 93%; before the coarse and fine ore pulp is subjected to cyclone concentration and desliming, one high-gradient roughing separator needs to be matched with one high-gradient fine separator, and only 0.6 fine separator needs to be matched, so that the equipment investment is reduced, and the slurry mixed in the roughing and coarse tail sweeping sections can be removed.
The concentration of the original concentration concentrate is 10% -12%, the iron grade is 50.0% -51.0%, the concentration of underflow after concentration and desliming by a cyclone is 23% -25%, the iron grade is 51.0% -52.0%, the overflow concentration is 1.5% -2.5%, the iron grade is 36% -38%, the proportion of 800 meshes is more than or equal to 90%, the operation yield of the cyclone section is 87%, and the operation metal recovery rate is 92%; a thickener with the diameter of 20 meters is needed to concentrate ore pulp before the concentrate cyclone, and the concentrate ore pulp is concentrated and deslimed by the cyclone, so that the investment cost of the concentrate thickener is reduced, slurry mixed in a concentration section can be removed, the concentrate grade is improved, and greater benefit is produced.
The concentration of the original selected tailings is 8% -9%, the iron grade is 31% -33%, the concentration of underflow after concentration and desliming by a cyclone is 16% -17%, the iron grade is 38% -39%, the overflow concentration is 4% -5%, the iron grade is 37% -39%, the proportion of minus 800 meshes is more than or equal to 90%, the operation yield of the cyclone section is 68%, and the operation metal recovery rate is 80%; before the concentrate is swirled, a thickener with the diameter of 15 m is needed to concentrate ore pulp and then the concentrated ore pulp is transferred to a fine tail scavenging section, the concentrated ore pulp is concentrated and deslimed by the swirler, so that the investment of the thickener with the diameter of 15 m for the concentrated tailings is reduced, and the sludge can be thrown in advance in the high-gradient fine tail scavenging section, so that the feeding grade of the high-gradient fine tail scavenging section is improved, and the concentrate grade is improved.
Concentration of underflow of selected tailings after concentration and desliming by a cyclone is 16-17%, iron grade is 38-39%, the tailings are diluted to 10% by adding water and then enter a high-gradient fine tail scavenging machine, the overflow concentration of the concentrate cyclone is 1.5-2.5%, the iron grade is 36-38%, and the overflow of the concentrate cyclone just accords with slurry mixing water used as the underflow of the fine tail cyclone in terms of concentration and iron grade.
(3) After the concentrate is concentrated and deslimed by the cyclone, if the sulfur content is high, the concentrate enters a flotation combined equipment flow, and the flotation desulfurization flow is a primary coarse cleaning and a secondary fine cleaning. Adding 5-10 g/t of amyl xanthate and 1-2 g/t of terpineol oil into a slurry stirring barrel before flotation, enabling the iron ore slurry after being uniformly mixed with the ore slurry to sequentially enter a flotation roughing section, a first flotation scavenging and a second flotation scavenging, returning sulfur concentrate obtained by the second scavenging to the first scavenging, returning sulfur concentrate obtained by the first scavenging to the roughing section, and finally removing sulfur compounds in the iron ore slurry after the sulfur concentrate in the roughing section is refined, so that the sulfur content in the original concentrate ore slurry is reduced to be less than 0.1 by more than 0.3. The flotation in this section has the characteristics of simple operation method, easy purchase of beneficiation reagents, low comprehensive cost, high desulfurization efficiency and the like.
The mineral separation in the original red mud iron separation process is carried out only by a high-gradient magnetic separator, and the recovery rate of the metallic iron in the red mud is 33 percent. Through the optimization, transformation and use of the mutual combination of magnetic ore dressing, gravity ore dressing and buoyancy ore dressing, the ore dressing process is more perfect, the process adaptation is wider, the recovery rate of iron metal in red mud after the transformation is 35.8 percent, and the domestic advanced level is reached.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of the prior art.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings and practical application of the production.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, a red mud iron separation method comprises a rough-fine red mud iron separation operation flow, wherein a SLon2000 type vertical ring pulse high gradient magnetic separator is added at the rear end of the rough separation tailings to be used as a rough separation tailings scavenging flow, the magnetic field intensity is 1.0T, a rough separation concentrate cyclone desliming flow is added before the rough separation concentrate enters a fine separation section, a cyclone desliming process is added at the rear end of iron concentrate pulp separated by a fine separation section, and gangue and mud carried by the high gradient magnetic separator in the ore separation process are removed; and a cyclone desliming process is added to the selected tailings.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 1, a red mud iron separation method comprises a rough-fine red mud iron separation operation flow, wherein a SLon2000 type vertical ring pulse high gradient magnetic separator is added at the rear end of the rough separation tailings to be used as a rough separation tailings scavenging flow, the magnetic field intensity is 0.9T, a rough separation concentrate cyclone desliming flow is added before the rough separation concentrate enters a fine separation section, a cyclone desliming flow is added at the rear end of iron concentrate pulp separated at a fine separation section, and gangue and mud carried by the high gradient magnetic separator in the ore separation process are removed; a cyclone desliming process is added to the selected tailings; and mixing the roughing tail scavenged concentrate and the roughing concentrate together, feeding the mixture into a roughing concentrate cyclone for desliming and concentrating, and feeding the bottom flow of the cyclone into a high-gradient magnetic concentration machine.
Example 3: as shown in fig. 1, a red mud iron separation method comprises a rough-fine red mud iron separation operation flow, wherein a SLon2000 type vertical ring pulse high gradient magnetic separator is added at the rear end of the rough separation tailings to be used as a rough separation tailings scavenging flow, the magnetic field intensity is 0.8T, a rough separation concentrate cyclone desliming flow is added before the rough separation concentrate enters a fine separation section, a cyclone desliming flow is added at the rear end of iron concentrate pulp separated at a fine separation section, and gangue and mud carried by the high gradient magnetic separator in the ore separation process are removed; a cyclone desliming process is added to the selected tailings; and mixing the roughing tail scavenged concentrate and the roughing concentrate together, feeding the mixture into a roughing concentrate cyclone for desliming and concentrating, and feeding the bottom flow of the cyclone into a high-gradient magnetic concentration machine.
Example 4: the red mud iron separation method in any one of embodiments 1 to 3, wherein an iron concentrate flotation and desulfurization process is added before filter pressing at the extreme end, concentrate is concentrated and deslimed by a cyclone and then enters a flotation process, and the flotation process is a primary coarse cleaning and a secondary fine cleaning; adding 5-10 g/t of amyl xanthate and 1-2 g/t of pine oil into the slurry stirring barrel before flotation, enabling the iron ore slurry after being uniformly mixed with the ore slurry to sequentially enter a flotation roughing section, a first scavenging and a second scavenging, returning sulfur concentrate obtained by the second scavenging to the first scavenging, returning the first scavenging sulfur concentrate to the roughing section, and finally removing most of sulfur compounds in the ore slurry after the sulfur concentrate in the roughing section is refined; the rest is the same.
The working process is as follows: removing coarse slag from the alumina tailings by a cylindrical slag separating screen, discarding the tail of the coarse slag, and carrying out ore dressing on fine-fraction slurry by weak magnetic equipment; the concentrate of the weak magnetic equipment enters an iron concentrate flotation desulphurization process for desulphurization (containing high sulfur) or directly enters a filter pressing process for dehydration (containing no sulfur), and the tailings of the weak magnetic equipment enter a roughing process for roughing; the tailings in the roughing flow enter a scavenging flow for recleaning, tailings are discarded, and the concentrate in the roughing flow and the concentrate in the scavenging flow are mixed and then enter a concentration desliming flow; the overflow of the concentration desliming process is subjected to tail discarding, and the underflow of the concentration desliming process enters a concentration process for concentration; concentrate and tailings of the concentration process respectively enter a desliming concentration process, overflow of the tailings of the concentration process after concentration and desliming is discarded, underflow of the tailings of the concentration process after concentration and desliming and overflow of the concentrate of the concentration process after concentration and desliming are mixed and enter a scavenging process for scavenging; discarding tailings in the scavenging process, mixing concentrates in the scavenging process and concentrates in the concentration process with underflow in the concentration desliming process, and then feeding the mixed concentrates into a flotation combination equipment process for desulfurization; and (4) discarding the tailings of the sulfur tailings, and dehydrating the iron ore slurry into fine iron powder by using dehydration water in a filter pressing process.
Since various modifications and equivalent substitutions and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A red mud iron separation method comprises a rough-fine red mud iron separation operation process, and is characterized in that a high-gradient magnetic separator is added at the rear end of the rough separation tailings to perform a rough separation tailing scavenging process, a rough separation concentrate cyclone desliming process is added before the rough separation concentrate enters a fine separation section, a cyclone desliming process is added at the rear end of an iron concentrate slurry separated at a fine separation section, and gangue and slurry carried by the high-gradient magnetic separator in the ore separation process are removed; a cyclone desliming process is added to the selected tailings; and mixing the roughing tail scavenged concentrate and the roughing concentrate together, feeding the mixture into a roughing concentrate cyclone for desliming and concentrating, and feeding the bottom flow of the cyclone into a high-gradient magnetic concentration machine.
2. The red mud iron separation method according to claim 1, wherein the rougher tailings scavenging equipment is a SLon2000 type vertical ring pulse high gradient magnetic separator with a magnetic field strength of 0.8T-1.0T.
3. The red mud iron-dressing method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an iron concentrate flotation combination equipment desulfurization process is added before filter pressing at the extreme end, concentrate enters a flotation combination equipment process after being concentrated and desliming by a cyclone, and the flotation combination equipment process is a primary coarse-fine sweeping process; 5-10 g/t of amyl xanthate and 1-2 g/t of pine oil are added into the slurry stirring barrel before flotation, the iron ore slurry is mixed with the ore slurry uniformly and then sequentially enters a flotation roughing section, a first scavenging and a second scavenging, the sulfur concentrate after the second scavenging returns to the first scavenging, the sulfur concentrate after the first scavenging returns to the roughing section, and the sulfur concentrate in the roughing section is refined to finally remove most of sulfur compounds in the ore slurry.
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| CN202010521072.6A CN111644261A (en) | 2020-06-10 | 2020-06-10 | Red mud iron separation method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114212809A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-22 | 冯圣生 | Novel process for recovering aluminum oxide and ferric oxide by low-temperature digestion of red mud |
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2020
- 2020-06-10 CN CN202010521072.6A patent/CN111644261A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114212809A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-22 | 冯圣生 | Novel process for recovering aluminum oxide and ferric oxide by low-temperature digestion of red mud |
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