CN102489386B - Method for separating fine cassiterite - Google Patents
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- CN102489386B CN102489386B CN 201110417988 CN201110417988A CN102489386B CN 102489386 B CN102489386 B CN 102489386B CN 201110417988 CN201110417988 CN 201110417988 CN 201110417988 A CN201110417988 A CN 201110417988A CN 102489386 B CN102489386 B CN 102489386B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for separating fine cassiterite, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: grinding a raw ore, performing size mixing, and performing flotation on a sulfide ore; performing magnetic separation on tailings of the sulfide ore subjected to flotation, and grading the tailings subjected to magnetic separation into particles of +0.043mm and particlesof -0.043mm; performing gravity separation on the particles of +0.043mm by using a spiral chute and a shaker to obtain a shaker cassiterite concentrate; desliming the particles of -0.043mm by using acyclone to obtain cyclone settled sand; performing size mixing, primary flotation roughing, primary flotation scavenging and primary flotation cleaning on the cyclone settled sand to obtain a flotation coarse concentrate; performing gravity separation on the flotation coarse concentrate by using a centrifugal ore separator to obtain a centrifugal gravity separation cassiterite concentrate; and mixing the shaker cassiterite concentrate and the centrifugal gravity separation cassiterite concentrate to obtain a total cassiterite concentrate. Roughing is performed by the spiral chute, so that theprocessing capacity in a unit area is greatly improved, the occupied area is saved, and separation efficiency is high; and flotation roughing and gravity separation cleaning are combined, so that theconsumption of a flotation agent is low, cost is low, the ore separation enrichment ratio is 5 to 10, and the recovery rate of the cassiterite is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of beneficiation method, particularly a kind of beneficiation method of micro fine particle.
Background technology
Cassiterite is due to the crisp specific physical character such as frangible of its property, and argillization or cross and pulverize very easily in muck, grinding process produces a large amount of secondary slimes.The fine cassiterite of disseminated grain size particularly, itself and sulphide ore or the fine and close symbiosis of iron mineral are perhaps wrapped up by gangue mineral.If realize that the effective monomer of cassiterite mineral dissociates, the ore fine grinding so, inevitably can need to be produced secondary slime, so micro fine particle have the characteristics of difficult choosing.Tin 80% left and right of the at present annual loss of China is that the form with thin mud exists and is lost in mine tailing.
The tin ore beneficiation method is mainly two kinds of gravity separation method and floatations.Than great, larger with the density variation of gangue mineral due to cassiterite, thereby gravity treatment is the main method that cassiterite reclaims always.Gravity treatment is low due to its processing cost, non-environmental-pollution, concentration ratio are high, can obtain the advantages such as more high-grade tin concentrate and generally be adopted.What be most widely used in gravitational separation equipment is shaking table, and they are many unites use with gravitational separation equipments such as jigging machine and spiral chutes and carry out the sorting of cassiterite.Floatation is mainly for the recovery of particulate and micro fine particle.
For particulate and micro fine particle ore-dressing technique all the time mainly with single gravity treatment or flotation as core key technology.Production practices show, micro fine particle single gravity concentration shaking table sorts-the 0.043+0.010mm grain-level recovery is low, about 13% left and right, and for the cassiterite of-0.010mm grade, gravity treatment almost can't be reclaimed.Single flotation exists that dosing is large, cost is high, environment is had certain pollution, the problem of deficiency in economic performance.
China Patent Publication No. CN101884951 discloses a kind of particulate and micro fine particle beneficiation combined method method: carry out the desulfurization flotation after particulate and micro-size fraction cassiterite is concentrated through precipitation, realize separating of sulphide ore and oxide ore, then carry out the Flotation of Cassiterite operation, obtain cassiterite hair concentrate, magnetic separation again, desliming dehydration and gravity table operation finally obtain the tin concentrate.New method described in literary composition is directly carried out the cassiterite flotation after i.e. cassiterite desulfurization flotation, the cassiterite concentrate after flotation carries out magnetic separation and cyclone desliming operation again.This just illustrates in to the ore deposit and is existing a large amount of sludges and part iron mineral.And sludge and iron mineral are disturbing factors main in the cassiterite flotation, not only affect the stability of flotation effect, and the floating agent consumption of cassiterite can be very large, and production cost also can be very high.In addition, the cassiterite rough concentrate carries out the cyclone desliming, and the stability of desliming can directly be subject to the impact of cassiterite flotation effect, so stability also is difficult to guarantee.
Wu Wujin (thin mud cassiterite Research on Flotation, " Shanghai second Industry Univ's journal ", 2000 (2), 66-72) the thin mud cassiterite in Che He ore dressing plant is studied the Grading Overflow that this thin mud cassiterite is twice gravity tailings.Because flotation is larger to the clay content in the ore deposit, so carried out two kinds of technological processes comparisons of desliming-floating tin and desulfurization-desliming-floating tin for this thin mud cassiterite, think that rear a kind of flow process is reasonable more economically, concentrate quality is higher.This technique is also to the flotation of cassiterite the single flotation flowsheet that adopts, and is larger to the dependence of floating agent.
He Mingfei etc. (Fine cassiterite flotation research, " Mineral Engineering ", 2008 (4), 29-31) propose method for floating and reclaimed Fine cassiterite.Take BY-5 and sodium carbonate as gangue inhibitor, BY-9 is collecting agent, P-86 is supplementary catching agent, a flotation can obtain thin grade 8.56%, the tin rough concentrate of the rate of recovery 61.61%, tin rough concentrate is carrying out selectedly, and the tin concentrate grade reaches 53.58%, operation recovery 81.35%, tin overall recovery 50.12%.The method is single method for floating, although can obtain more high-grade concentrate product, exists equally the problem that the floating agent consumption is large, production cost is high.
In sum, due to gravity treatment to micro fine particle to sort efficient low, so the direction of research has mainly concentrated on single flotation technology.Although anticipating before part technique has taked cassiterite to sort perhaps adopted the technological process of associating, the problem that the flotation cost is high or reasonability is relatively poor is still unresolved.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of beneficiation method of micro fine particle, this method energy consumption is low, occupation area of equipment is little, sort that efficient is high, the rate of recovery is high.
Beneficiation method of the present invention is comprised of following steps:
1. the tcrude ore ore grinding is accounted for 80～88% to-0.074mm, add water size mixing to ore pulp be concentration 25～33%, by raw ore per ton, add successively 500～2000 gram copper sulphate, 100～200 gram butyl xanthates and No. 2 oil of 10～100 gram foaming agents, carry out sulfide flotation, obtain Flotation of Sulfide Ores concentrate and Flotation of Sulfide Ores mine tailing;
2. be under the condition of 0.1T in the background magnetic field field intensity, magnetic separation Flotation of Sulfide Ores mine tailing obtains magnetic concentrate and magnetic tailing; Magnetic tailing is classified as+0.043mm and-two grades of 0.043mm;
3.+0.043mm grade is carried out the spiral chute gravity treatment, obtains spiral chute rough concentrate and spiral chute mine tailing; The spiral chute rough concentrate carries out table concentration, obtains shaking table cassiterite concentrate and shaking table mine tailing;
4.-0.043mm grade is carried out the cyclone desliming, obtains cyclone overflow and hydrocyclone sand;
5. hydrocyclone sand is sized mixing to pulp density be 25～33%, by raw ore per ton, add successively 500～2000 gram adjusting agents to size mixing, 500～1500 gram collecting agents and No. 2 oil of 20～100 gram foaming agents, carry out roughing flotation one time, obtain roughing flotation concentrate and roughing flotation mine tailing;
6. roughing flotation mine tailing pulp density is 20～30%, adds 500～1000 gram collecting agents, No. 2 oil of 10～40 gram foaming agent to carry out a flotation and scans, and obtains scavenger concentrate and scans mine tailing, and scavenger concentrate is back to a roughing flotation operation and forms closed cycle;
7. roughing flotation concentrate pulp concentration is 10～30%, carries out primary blank selected, obtains flotation rough concentrate and flotation tailing, and flotation tailing is back to a roughing flotation operation and forms closed cycle;
8. selected rough concentrate carries out the centrifugal ore separator gravity treatment, obtains centrifugal reselection cassiterite concentrate and centrifugal reselection cassiterite chats.Shaking table cassiterite concentrate and centrifugal reselection cassiterite concentrate are merged into total cassiterite concentrate.
Described adjusting agent is sodium carbonate, waterglass or calgon.
Described collecting agent is styrene phosphoric acid, Using Salicyl Hydroximic Acid ammonium or benzene first hydroximic acid.
Advantage of the present invention is: 1. before micro fine particle reclaims, carried out desulfurization flotation operation and magnetic concentration working, removed the sulphide ore and the iron mineral that affect the cassiterite concentrate quality, created good ore pulp environment for cassiterite sorts; 2.+0.043mm grade adopts spiral chute to roughly select, and has greatly improved the disposal ability of unit are, has saved floor space, the efficiency of separation is high; 3. p-0.043mm grade is done cyclone desliming processing, removes-the following sludge of 0.010mm, has reduced the interference of sludge to follow-up flotation; 4. adopt the cassiterite of roughing flotation and the selected recovery that combines of gravity treatment-0.043+0.010mm grade, the floating agent consumption is few, cost is low, and the beneficiation enrichment ratio reaches 5～10, and the cassiterite rate of recovery is high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: process chart of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention not only is confined to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Select Chinese yunnan somewhere cassiterite raw ore, essential mineral consists of cassiterite, magnetic iron ore, marmatite, magnetic iron ore, hornblend, biotite, quartz, pyroxene and calcite etc.Raw ore tin grade is 0.98%.The tcrude ore ore grinding is accounted for 82% to-0.074mm, add water size mixing to ore pulp be 30% concentration, by raw ore per ton, add successively 1000 gram copper sulphate to size mixing, 150 gram butyl xanthates and No. 2 oil of 80 gram foaming agents carry out sulfide flotation, obtain Flotation of Sulfide Ores concentrate and Flotation of Sulfide Ores mine tailing, wherein the Flotation of Sulfide Ores concentrate is stanniferous 0.35%, and the tin rate of recovery is 10.01%; The Flotation of Sulfide Ores mine tailing is to carry out magnetic separation under the condition of 0.1T in the background magnetic field field intensity, obtains magnetic concentrate and magnetic tailing, and wherein magnetic concentrate is stanniferous 0.25%, and the tin rate of recovery is 2.76%; Magnetic tailing is classified as+0.043mm and-two grades of 0.043mm; + 0.043mm grade is carried out the spiral chute gravity treatment, obtains spiral chute rough concentrate and spiral chute mine tailing; The spiral chute rough concentrate carries out table concentration, obtains shaking table cassiterite concentrate and shaking table mine tailing, and wherein shaking table cassiterite concentrate is stanniferous 58.23%, the rate of recovery 23.79%;-0.043mm grade is carried out the hydrocyclone desliming, obtains cyclone overflow and hydrocyclone sand; Hydrocyclone sand size mixing to ore pulp be 26% concentration, by raw ore per ton, add successively 1000 gram waterglass, 1000 gram Using Salicyl Hydroximic Acid ammoniums and No. 2 oil of 60 gram foaming agents carry out roughing flotation one time, obtain roughing flotation concentrate and roughing flotation mine tailing; Roughing flotation mine tailing pulp density is 24%, adds 600 gram Using Salicyl Hydroximic Acid ammoniums, No. 2 oil of 40 gram foaming agent to carry out a flotation and scans, and obtains scavenger concentrate and scans mine tailing, and scavenger concentrate is back to a roughing flotation operation and forms closed cycle; Roughing flotation concentrate pulp concentration is 15%, carries out primary blank selected, obtains flotation rough concentrate and flotation tailing, and wherein flotation rough concentrate tin grade is 6.20%, and flotation tailing is back to a roughing flotation operation and forms closed cycle; The flotation rough concentrate carries out the centrifugal ore separator gravity treatment, obtains centrifugal reselection cassiterite concentrate and centrifugal reselection cassiterite chats, centrifugal reselection cassiterite concentrate tin grade 49.08% wherein, and the rate of recovery is 40.11%, the operation concentration ratio is 7.92.Shaking table cassiterite concentrate and centrifugal reselection cassiterite concentrate are merged into total cassiterite concentrate, and the tin grade is 52.13%, and overall recovery reaches 58.83%.
Embodiment 2
Raw ore is identical with embodiment 1, and raw ore tin grade is 0.96%.The tcrude ore ore grinding is accounted for 85% to-0.074mm, add water size mixing to ore pulp be 30% concentration, by raw ore per ton, add successively 1500 gram copper sulphate to size mixing, 150 gram butyl xanthates and No. 2 oil of 100 gram foaming agents carry out sulfide flotation, obtain Flotation of Sulfide Ores concentrate and Flotation of Sulfide Ores mine tailing, wherein the Flotation of Sulfide Ores concentrate is stanniferous 0.31%, and the tin rate of recovery is 8.38%; The Flotation of Sulfide Ores mine tailing is to carry out magnetic separation under the condition of 0.1T in the background magnetic field field intensity, obtains magnetic concentrate and magnetic tailing, and wherein magnetic concentrate is stanniferous 0.22%, and the tin rate of recovery is 2.06%; Magnetic tailing is classified as+0.043mm and-two grades of 0.043mm; + 0.043mm grade is carried out the spiral chute gravity treatment, obtains spiral chute rough concentrate and spiral chute mine tailing; The spiral chute rough concentrate carries out table concentration, obtains shaking table cassiterite concentrate and shaking table mine tailing, and wherein shaking table cassiterite concentrate is stanniferous 57.03%, the rate of recovery 29.65%;-0.043mm grade product carries out the hydrocyclone desliming, obtains cyclone overflow and hydrocyclone sand; Hydrocyclone sand size mixing to ore pulp be 26% concentration, by raw ore per ton, add successively 1000 gram sodium carbonate, 1000 gram styrene phosphoric acid and No. 2 oil of 60 gram foaming agents carry out roughing flotation one time, obtain roughing flotation concentrate and roughing flotation mine tailing; Roughing flotation mine tailing pulp density is 24%, adds 600 gram styrene phosphoric acid, No. 2 oil of 40 gram foaming agent to carry out a flotation and scans, and obtains scavenger concentrate and scans mine tailing, and scavenger concentrate is back to a roughing flotation operation and forms closed cycle; Roughing flotation concentrate pulp concentration is 12%, carries out primary blank selected, obtains flotation rough concentrate and flotation tailing, and wherein flotation rough concentrate tin grade is 5.80%, and flotation tailing is back to a roughing flotation operation and forms closed cycle; The flotation rough concentrate carries out the centrifugal ore separator gravity treatment, obtains centrifugal reselection cassiterite concentrate and centrifugal reselection cassiterite chats, centrifugal reselection cassiterite concentrate tin grade 48.08% wherein, and the rate of recovery is 35.00%, the operation concentration ratio is 8.29.Shaking table cassiterite concentrate and centrifugal reselection cassiterite concentrate are merged into total cassiterite concentrate, and the tin grade is 51.81%, and overall recovery reaches 64.65%.
Embodiment 3
Raw ore is identical with embodiment 1, and raw ore tin grade is 1.08%.The tcrude ore ore grinding is accounted for 86% to-0.074mm, add water size mixing to ore pulp be 29% concentration, by raw ore per ton, add successively 2000 gram copper sulphate to size mixing, 200 gram butyl xanthates and No. 2 oil of 100 gram foaming agents carry out sulfide flotation, obtain Flotation of Sulfide Ores concentrate and Flotation of Sulfide Ores mine tailing, wherein the Flotation of Sulfide Ores concentrate is stanniferous 0.36%, and the tin rate of recovery is 9.99%; The Flotation of Sulfide Ores mine tailing is to carry out magnetic separation under the condition of 0.1T in the background magnetic field field intensity, obtains magnetic concentrate and magnetic tailing, and wherein magnetic concentrate is stanniferous 0.30%, and the tin rate of recovery is 2.22%; Magnetic tailing is classified as+0.043mm and-two grades of 0.043mm; + 0.043mm grade is carried out the spiral chute gravity treatment, obtains spiral chute rough concentrate and spiral chute mine tailing; The spiral chute rough concentrate carries out table concentration, obtains shaking table cassiterite concentrate and shaking table mine tailing, and wherein shaking table cassiterite concentrate is stanniferous 55.20%, the rate of recovery 30.65%;-0.043mm grade is carried out the hydrocyclone desliming, obtains cyclone overflow and hydrocyclone sand; Hydrocyclone sand size mixing to ore pulp be 25% concentration, by raw ore per ton, add successively 500 gram calgons, 1000 gram benzene first hydroximic acids and No. 2 oil of 60 gram foaming agents carry out roughing flotation one time, obtain roughing flotation concentrate and roughing flotation mine tailing; Roughing flotation mine tailing pulp density is 24%, adds 600 gram benzene first hydroximic acids, No. 2 oil of 40 gram foaming agent to carry out a flotation and scans, and obtains scavenger concentrate and scans mine tailing, and scavenger concentrate is back to a roughing flotation operation and forms closed cycle; Roughing flotation concentrate pulp concentration is 10%, carries out primary blank selected, obtains flotation rough concentrate and flotation tailing, and wherein flotation rough concentrate tin grade is 5.60%, and flotation tailing is back to a roughing flotation operation and forms closed cycle; The flotation rough concentrate carries out the centrifugal ore separator gravity treatment, obtains centrifugal reselection cassiterite concentrate and centrifugal reselection cassiterite chats, centrifugal reselection cassiterite concentrate tin grade 47.00% wherein, and the rate of recovery is 34.79%, the operation concentration ratio is 8.39.Shaking table cassiterite concentrate and centrifugal reselection cassiterite concentrate are merged into total cassiterite concentrate, and the tin grade is 50.51%, and overall recovery reaches 65.44%.
Claims (3)
1. the beneficiation method of a micro fine particle is characterized in that being comprised of following steps:
1. the tcrude ore ore grinding is accounted for 80～88% to-0.074mm, add water size mixing to ore pulp be concentration 25～33%, by raw ore per ton, add successively 500～2000 gram copper sulphate, 100～200 gram butyl xanthates and No. 2 oil of 10～100 gram foaming agents, carry out sulfide flotation, obtain Flotation of Sulfide Ores concentrate and Flotation of Sulfide Ores mine tailing;
2. be under the condition of 0.1T in the background magnetic field field intensity, magnetic separation Flotation of Sulfide Ores mine tailing obtains magnetic concentrate and magnetic tailing; Magnetic tailing is classified as+0.043mm and-two grades of 0.043mm;
3.+0.043mm grade is carried out the spiral chute gravity treatment, obtains spiral chute rough concentrate and spiral chute mine tailing; The spiral chute rough concentrate carries out table concentration, obtains shaking table cassiterite concentrate and shaking table mine tailing;
4.-0.043mm grade is carried out the cyclone desliming, obtains cyclone overflow and hydrocyclone sand;
5. hydrocyclone sand is sized mixing to pulp density be 25～33%, by raw ore per ton, add successively 500～2000 gram adjusting agents to size mixing, 500～1500 gram collecting agents and No. 2 oil of 20～100 gram foaming agents, carry out roughing flotation one time, obtain roughing flotation concentrate and roughing flotation mine tailing;
6. roughing flotation mine tailing pulp density is 20～30%, adds 500～1000 gram collecting agents, No. 2 oil of 10～40 gram foaming agent to carry out a flotation and scans, and obtains scavenger concentrate and scans mine tailing, and scavenger concentrate is back to a roughing flotation operation and forms closed cycle;
7. roughing flotation concentrate pulp concentration is 10～30%, carries out primary blank selected, obtains flotation rough concentrate and flotation tailing, and flotation tailing is back to a roughing flotation operation and forms closed cycle;
8. the flotation rough concentrate carries out the centrifugal ore separator gravity treatment, obtains centrifugal reselection cassiterite concentrate and centrifugal reselection cassiterite chats, and shaking table cassiterite concentrate and centrifugal reselection cassiterite concentrate are merged into total cassiterite concentrate.
2. the beneficiation method of micro fine particle according to claim 1, is characterized in that described adjusting agent is sodium carbonate, waterglass or calgon.
3. the beneficiation method of micro fine particle according to claim 1, is characterized in that described collecting agent is styrene phosphoric acid, Using Salicyl Hydroximic Acid ammonium or benzene first hydroximic acid.
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| CN107617506B (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2019-07-16 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of high-grade lode tin mine beneficiation method |
| CN110639690A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-01-03 | 广东省资源综合利用研究所 | Beneficiation method for high-mud micro-fine particle rare earth minerals |
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