CN111637950A - Indoor leak protection water system based on infrared range finding - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract
The invention relates to an indoor water leakage prevention system based on infrared ranging, which comprises a main control chip module, an infrared laser transmitting module, an infrared laser receiving module and an alarm water closing module, wherein the main control chip module is connected with the infrared laser transmitting module; the alarm water shut-off device comprises an alarm device, an alarm releasing button, a water valve closing controller and a short message module, wherein the alarm device comprises an alarm lamp and an alarm bell, the alarm releasing button is used for releasing the alarm, and the water valve closing controller is used for closing the water valve. The invention carries out receiving and phase position measurement through the infrared laser modulated by the linear frequency modulation signal, thereby realizing the purpose of water depth measurement and carrying out corresponding intervention processing and message notification on the water depth measurement. The water quantity storage control instrument can avoid property loss caused by the problems of water leakage, forgetting to close water flow, indoor rain leakage and the like, and can be used as an accurate water quantity storage control instrument.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an indoor water leakage prevention system, in particular to an indoor water leakage prevention system based on infrared distance measurement, and belongs to the field of infrared distance measurement.
Background
At present, people work busy, phenomena of forgetting to close a water tap of a toilet, a water discharging device of a bathtub and the like often occur, and water leakage is possible when the heating device is used in cold areas in the north. And because the urban area is basically a building at present, the property loss possibly caused by water leakage is increased by geometric times compared with the prior art. How to efficiently, inexpensively and quickly prevent water leakage is a problem to be considered by urban residents.
The infrared laser ranging method has been used for a long time, and is implemented by using an infrared laser sensor to emit infrared laser, using a receiving sensor to collect infrared laser reflected by an object, and obtaining a target distance through data processing. Distance is typically measured in two ways: pulse method and phase method. The pulse method distance measurement process is that the emitted laser is reflected by the measured object and then received by the distance meter, and the distance meter records the round-trip time of the laser at the same time. Half the product of the speed of light and the round trip time is the distance between the rangefinder and the object being measured. The phase method distance measurement process is to continuously modulate and transmit infrared laser, and obtain the target distance by comparing the phase of a calculated return signal with the original phase. When the modulation frequency is high, the measurement accuracy is high but the distance is short. When the modulation frequency is low, the measurement distance is far but the precision is low, so that the frequency mixing signal can be adopted for measurement, and the measurement distance and the measurement precision are ensured.
An omnibearing distance measuring device CN208255408U is provided at 12 months, river and sea university in 2018, an infrared laser distance measuring technology is combined with a moving assembly (a motor and a steering engine), and the device capable of realizing omnibearing distance measurement is obtained by a pulse method; the design of double flags in Guangdong province of 2 months in 2019 provides a novel infrared ranging type invisible telescopic clothesline device CN109385852A, and the double infrared ranging devices are utilized to obtain equal-height positioning points; an infrared induction rebound type automobile cleaning brush head (CN208745969U) is provided by Haogu Bert automobile science and technology limited in 4 months in 2019, and the rapid distance measurement and the corresponding control are realized by using a phase method of an infrared laser ranging technology; an anti-freezing rain gauge (CN208752228U) based on infrared distance measurement is proposed by transport university in southwest of 4 months in 2019, and the rainfall measurement is realized by using an infrared distance measurement technology and a time method.
Chirp modulation (LFM) is a spread spectrum modulation technique that does not require a pseudo-random code sequence. Because the frequency bandwidth occupied by the chirp signal is much larger than the information bandwidth, a large system processing gain can be obtained. Chirp signals are also known as Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS) signals because their spectral bandwidth falls within the audible range and sounds like a bird. The chirp technology has wide application in radar and sonar technologies, for example, in radar positioning technology, it can be used to increase the radio frequency pulse width, increase the communication distance, and increase the average transmission power, while maintaining sufficient signal spectrum width without reducing the range resolution of radar. There are various methods for detecting the received chirp signal, and the concept of a matched filter is applied to detection in principle. The matched filtering method may detect a degree of similarity between a signal and a reference signal through time delay correlation using an original signal as a reference. Meanwhile, the signal phase can be simply and conveniently obtained due to the time delay correlation property of the matched filtering method. Because the instantaneous frequency of the chirp signal generates linear change along with the change of time, compared with a single-frequency signal, the phase misjudgment event caused by different signal periods can be effectively avoided.
There is a certain difference between bathymetry and space ranging. When the distance measurement is carried out in the space, the transmitting and receiving time of the signal needs to be clearly stored and calculated, the accuracy of the time is high, and a very high calculating speed is needed, otherwise, the distance measurement error is easy to generate, and the requirement on a data processor is harsh. However, even if the calculation speed is high enough, a large error is generated due to the existence of calculation time and the excessive speed of light. Because the required indoor water depth is low, when the error cannot meet the accuracy, the irreparable loss can be caused. Therefore, a phase difference method is proposed to calculate the water depth. The method has the main functions that the phase of the reflected signal is calculated by using a matched filtering method, and two groups of reflected signals of the water bottom and the water surface can be collected by a receiving end, so that two obvious peak values exist in a matched filtering result, the water depth can be accurately measured by calculating the peak value difference, and the calculation speed of a data processing chip is not excessively required.
The GSM module integrates a GSM radio frequency chip, a baseband processing chip, a memory, a power amplifier device and the like on a circuit board, and is a functional module which has an independent operating system, GSM radio frequency processing and baseband processing and provides a standard interface. The system has all basic functions of sending SMS short messages, voice communication, GPRS data transmission and the like, and the communication is carried out based on a GSM network. In brief, the GSM module, in addition to a keyboard, a display screen and a battery, is a mobile phone. The GSM system mainly comprises a Mobile Station (MS), a mobile network subsystem (NSS), a Base Station Subsystem (BSS) and an Operation Support Subsystem (OSS). The operating principle is that GSM is a cellular network, i.e. the mobile phone is to be connected to the nearest cell area it can search for. GSM networks operate on a number of different radio frequencies. There are 4 different cell sizes: macrocells, microcells, picocells, and umbrella cells. The coverage area varies from one environment to another. A macrocellular can be considered as that base station antenna is mounted on an antenna mast or on the roof of a building. Microcells are those whose antenna height is below the average building height and are typically used in urban areas. Picocells are very small cells covering a range of only a few tens of meters, primarily indoors. Umbrella cells are used to cover the blind areas of smaller cellular networks and fill up the signal blank areas between cells. The cell radius can range from over a hundred meters to tens of kilometers depending on antenna height, gain and propagation conditions. The longest distance GSM specification in practical use supports up to 35 km. There is also a concept of expanding cells, and the cell radius can be doubled or even more.
The sending of the short message needs the cooperation of the GSM module and the processor, the GSM module is connected with the processor through a serial port, and the processor sends and receives an AT command to the serial port and forms a communication loop with the GSM module. The transmission of the Chinese short message adopts a PDU mode, and a PDU transmission packet is formed according to a PDU standard mode to realize the transmission of the short message.
How to effectively prevent property loss caused by indoor water leakage condition becomes one of the problems that the residents of the urban buildings must consider at present. How to realize quick and accurate judgment with low cost in the process of preventing water leakage becomes a key point to be considered by designers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an indoor water leakage prevention system based on infrared distance measurement, which adopts infrared laser to realize accurate calculation of signal phase through linear frequency modulation signals so as to realize liquid level height measurement and adopts a GSM (global system for mobile communications) short message module for reporting water leakage conditions of responsible personnel.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
an indoor water leakage prevention system based on infrared distance measurement comprises a main control chip module, an infrared laser transmitting module, an infrared laser receiving module and an alarm water closing module; the alarm water-shutting control system is characterized in that the main control chip module comprises a main control chip, a control keyboard module and a display module, the infrared laser emitting module comprises an infrared laser emitter and a driving module, the infrared laser receiving module comprises an infrared laser receiver and a signal conditioning circuit, and the alarm water-shutting module comprises an alarm device (50) consisting of an alarm lamp and an alarm bell, an alarm-relieving button, a water valve-shutting controller and a short message module.
The invention also includes such features:
the main control chip module mainly works for modulating to generate linear frequency modulation signals, collecting signals processed by the infrared laser receiving module for calculation, collecting keyboard control information for adjusting parameters and displaying and controlling the alarm water shut-off module;
the driving module is divided into an addition circuit and a power amplifier circuit, the addition circuit is used for adding a linear frequency modulation signal and starting voltage so as to ensure that the infrared laser transmitter transmits a complete linear frequency modulation signal, the starting voltage is determined by the infrared laser transmitter, and the added signal promotes the signal load capacity through the power amplifier circuit so as to enable the infrared laser transmitter to normally work;
when the water level exceeds the threshold value, an alarm is started, at the moment, related personnel can perform external intervention, namely, an alarm releasing button is triggered, when no human intervention alarm exists within a period of time, the situation of water leakage is judged to occur and no human intervention exists, the water valve is closed through the water valve closing controller, and the relevant responsible personnel are informed by short messages;
measuring by adopting a distance measuring method and a time delay difference method, wherein the time delay difference measuring method is to use a linear frequency modulation signal as a carrier wave of infrared laser and use a reflected signal acquired by a receiving end to obtain accurate time delay of the infrared laser through a matched filtering algorithm; because the water surface and the water bottom are two reflecting surfaces in the laser transmission process, the time difference between two time delay peaks is matched and filtered through the reflected signals, so that the accurate water depth parameter is obtained.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can quickly, accurately and low-cost prevent the water leakage;
the pulse method in the traditional infrared laser ranging technology measures the time between signal emission and signal reception to measure and calculate the distance. The method has high requirements on the main control chip, and needs high-precision time measurement or high sampling rate and faster main control chip sampling rate, so that a very strict main control chip mechanical clock is needed. The pulse method is expensive in time and cost for a method of repeating measurement for many times to obtain accurate water depth. Therefore, the water depth is measured by the time delay difference method, the water depth is obtained through the time delay difference of the two groups of signals, the requirement on a mechanical clock of a main control chip for measuring time is not needed, and the requirement on the sampling rate is low. The time delay difference can be obtained by randomly selecting the segments, repeated measurement is carried out, and the measurement accuracy is improved on the premise of not influencing the time cost;
when the water leakage occurs, two steps of operation are sequentially carried out, firstly, an alarm is given out, and nearby workers are informed. When a manual intervention key occurs, the water valve can be automatically closed, and the short message is remotely reported to a responsible person for processing;
the invention has a display interface and a key control module, can set parameters such as a system mode, a water depth threshold value and the like, and is convenient for system expansion, such as oil level height measurement and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an infrared laser driving module;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system infrared laser ranging;
FIG. 4 is a graph of a chirp signal simulation;
FIG. 5 is a graph of reflected signal simulation;
fig. 6 is a graph of the results of random segment matched filtering.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a design of a water drainage system by utilizing an infrared laser ranging technology. It mainly comprises: the infrared laser ranging technology and the design of the water drainage system can quickly and accurately judge whether the water leakage condition occurs or not and perform corresponding automatic intervention. The infrared laser ranging technology comprises the following steps: infrared laser modulated by linear frequency modulation signals; calculating to obtain time delay difference by a matched filtering method; calculating to obtain the water depth through the time delay difference; the indoor water drainage system comprises: alarm and disarm the alarm button; automatically controlling the water valve to be switched; notifying a short message system of a responsible person;
the invention mainly aims to provide a high-speed low-cost water leakage prevention system by measuring the liquid level height by using an infrared laser ranging technology, and simultaneously, the water leakage condition can be reported to responsible personnel, and the reporting function can be cancelled by human intervention;
the invention adopts the following scheme for solving the technical problem: the infrared laser is adopted to realize accurate calculation of signal phase through linear frequency modulation signals so as to realize liquid level height measurement, and a GSM short message module is adopted for reporting water leakage conditions of responsible personnel;
the infrared laser ranging technology and the accurate measurement of the signal phase comprise the following steps;
an infrared laser transmitter 21;
an infrared laser receiver 40;
measuring by adopting a distance measurement method as a time delay difference method;
the time delay difference measuring method is characterized in that a linear frequency modulation signal is used as a carrier wave of infrared laser, a reflection signal collected by a receiving end is used, and accurate time delay of the infrared laser is obtained through a matched filtering algorithm;
because two reflecting surfaces of the water surface and the water bottom exist in the laser transmission process, the time difference between two time delay peaks is matched and filtered through the reflected signals, so that accurate water depth parameters are obtained;
the method can simultaneously meet the distance and the precision of the signal, and has lower requirement on the operation rate of the processor;
the infrared laser ranging system mainly comprises a laser ranging system and a laser ranging system;
a chip 11 for generating and processing electric signals;
a driving module 20 for driving the infrared laser transmitter;
the driving module comprises an adding circuit 202 for starting the infrared laser transmitter and a power amplifying circuit 203 for improving the signal load capacity;
the adder circuit 202 is mainly used for increasing the signal base voltage so as to ensure that the wave trough of the signal at the transmitting end can light the laser transmitter, otherwise, the situation of clipping at the receiving end may occur;
a hardware circuit 41 for signal conditioning;
the hardware circuit comprises a signal amplifying and filtering circuit;
a sensor for infrared laser emission 21 and reception 40;
the method for measuring the time delay difference of the linear frequency modulation signal comprises the following steps:
the frequency modulation range of the linear frequency modulation signal is 10M-15M;
the length of the linear frequency modulation signal is 1 us;
the linear frequency modulation signal is a 10M-15M linear up-conversion frequency modulation signal;
the linear frequency modulation signal phase measurement method is threshold discrimination by a matched filtering method, namely threshold comparison is carried out on a matched filtering result, a time delay signal is judged to exist when the matched filtering result exceeds the threshold, and a corresponding time point is recorded as signal starting time;
comparing the two groups of time delays to calculate the water depth through time difference;
the control mode of the water leakage prevention module 5 is as follows:
calculating the water depth through the time delay difference so as to judge whether the water leakage condition occurs;
performing alarm 50 operation when the water leakage is judged;
the alarm operation comprises strobing of a flash lamp and ring alarm;
when the external contact alarm key 51 is triggered, the manual intervention is judged, the alarm is stopped, and no processing is performed;
shutting down the water treatment 52 when the alarm is not released; transmitting the water leakage information to the mobile phone of the responsible personnel in a short message form 53;
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a water leakage system based on infrared ranging according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is divided into a main control chip module 1, an infrared laser emitting module 2, an infrared laser receiving module 4, and an alarm water shut-off module 5;
the main control chip module 1 comprises a main control chip 10, a control keyboard module 11 and a display module 12, and the main work of the main control chip is to modulate and generate a linear frequency modulation signal, collect a signal processed by the infrared laser receiving module 4 for calculation, collect keyboard control information for adjusting parameters and displaying and control the alarm water shut-off module 5;
the infrared laser emitting module 2 includes an infrared laser emitter 21 and a driving module 20, and is mainly used for completely emitting laser after linear frequency modulation. As shown in fig. 2, the driving module 20 is divided into an adding circuit 202 and a power amplifier circuit 203, and the adding circuit 20 is configured to add the chirp signal 201 and the starting voltage 202 so as to ensure that the infrared laser transmitter 21 transmits a complete chirp signal. The magnitude of the activation voltage 202 is determined by the infrared laser transmitter 21. The summed signal is processed by the power amplifier 203 to increase the signal load capacity, so that the infrared laser transmitter 21 can work normally.
The infrared laser receiving module 4 comprises an infrared laser receiver 40 and a signal conditioning circuit 41, and is mainly used for conditioning the reflected and received signals into high signal-to-noise ratio signals and transmitting the signals to the processor in a better manner.
The alarm water-shutting module 5 mainly includes an alarm device 50 composed of an alarm lamp and an alarm bell, a warning-releasing button 51, a water valve-shutting controller 52 and a short message module 53. When the water level exceeds the threshold, the alarm 50 is activated, and the alarm releasing button 51 may be triggered by external intervention of the relevant person. When no human intervention alarm exists within a period of time, the water leakage condition is judged to occur and no human intervention is performed, the water valve is closed through the water valve closing controller 52, and the relevant responsible personnel are informed of the water leakage condition through a short message 53.
The diagram of the infrared laser emitting and receiving module and the model of the water pool is shown in fig. 2, and the distance between the infrared laser emitter 21 and the receiver 40 approaches to 0 infinitely, so that the angle problem and the distance miscalculation condition generated by the angle of the water depth calculation formula are neglected when the device is installed. Let the distance between the infrared laser transmitter and the water surface be h1Depth of water h2And the transmission speed of light in air is c1The transmission speed of light in water is c2. The signal reflected via the water surface therefore has a time delay t1Time delay of signal reflected from water bottom is t2The delay difference Δ t is t2-t1＝2*h2/c2. Therefore, the water depth can be accurately calculated by calculating the time delay difference;
fig. 3 shows the result of matched filtering of the original signal and a random segment whose signal length is greater than a certain threshold. Wherein the signal length threshold is lgate＝tgate*fs，tgateIs a delay difference threshold, fsIs the signal sampling rate. Therefore, the signal length is only larger than lgateThe phase difference of the two types of reflected signals can be obtained through a matched filtering algorithm. There are two distinct peaks in fig. 3, the first of which is the phase of the signal reflected by the surface and the second of which is the phase of the signal reflected by the bottom. The phase difference between the two can be obtained by calculation2；
Repeating the measurement n times when h2≥hgateIs greater than a threshold pgateAnd judging that the water depth exceeds the limited range, and warning at the moment. The water flow switch is characterized in that the water flow switch is used for alarming through an alarm and an alarm lamp, and if an alarm releasing button is pressed down within the alarming time range, the water flow switch is determined to be taken over by a responsible person and does not participate in the control of the water flow switch. When the alarm time is over and the alarm releasing button is not closed, the water flow switch is taken overMeanwhile, the water leakage information is reported to responsible personnel through a short message module;
the design scheme of the invention can be used for preventing water leakage of a faucet, a bathtub and a heater or rain leakage of a factory and a company in a room. Meanwhile, the design can also be used for controlling the water quantity of water storage systems such as bathtubs, pools and the like, and once the water depth exceeds the threshold, the water flow is closed immediately by setting the water depth threshold, so that quantitative liquid can be stored more accurately. The scheme can complete required operations quickly, efficiently and with low power consumption.
While the invention has been described with reference to the drawings, it is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but rather, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
In summary, the following steps: the invention designs an indoor water leakage prevention system based on an infrared distance measurement technology, which comprises the following design schemes: the infrared distance measurement technology comprises measuring a phase difference by using a linear frequency modulation signal; the design scheme of the water leakage prevention system comprises alarming, stopping operation during manual intervention and informing responsible personnel of short messages. The scheme carries out receiving and phase position measurement through the infrared laser modulated by the linear frequency modulation signal, thereby realizing the purpose of water depth measurement and carrying out corresponding intervention processing and message reporting on the water depth measurement. The water quantity storage control instrument can avoid property loss caused by the problems of water leakage, forgetting to close water flow, indoor rain leakage and the like, and can be used as an accurate water quantity storage control instrument.
Claims (6)
1. An indoor water leakage prevention system based on infrared distance measurement is characterized by comprising a main control chip module (1), an infrared laser transmitting module (2), an infrared laser receiving module (4) and an alarm water shut-off module (5); the main control chip module (1) comprises a main control chip (10), a control keyboard module (11) and a display module (12), the infrared laser emitting module (2) comprises an infrared laser emitter (21) and a driving module (20), the infrared laser receiving module (4) comprises an infrared laser receiver (40) and a signal conditioning circuit (41), and the alarm water-closing module (5) comprises an alarm device (50) consisting of an alarm lamp and an alarm bell, an alarm-releasing key (51), a water valve closing controller (52) and a short message module (53).
2. The indoor water leakage prevention system based on the infrared distance measurement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main operation of the main control chip module (1) is to modulate and generate a chirp signal, collect signals processed by the infrared laser receiving module (4) for calculation, and collect keyboard control information for parameter adjustment and display and control of the alarm water shut-off module (5).
3. The indoor water leakage prevention system based on the infrared distance measurement as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the driving module (20) is divided into an adding circuit (202) and a power amplifying circuit (203), the adding circuit (202) is used for adding the chirp signal (201) and the starting voltage (202) to ensure that the infrared laser transmitter (21) transmits the complete chirp signal, the size of the starting voltage (202) is determined by the infrared laser transmitter (21), and the signal load capacity of the added signal is improved through the power amplifying circuit (203) to enable the infrared laser transmitter (21) to work normally.
4. An indoor water leakage prevention system based on infrared distance measurement as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein when the water level exceeds the threshold value, the alarm (50) is turned on, and when the related personnel intervene externally, the alarm key (51) is triggered to be released, and when no human intervenes in a period of time, the alarm is judged to have the water leakage condition and no human intervenes, and the water valve is turned off by the water valve closing controller (52) and the related responsible personnel are informed by a short message (53).
5. An indoor water leakage prevention system based on infrared distance measurement as claimed in claim 3, wherein when the water level exceeds the threshold value, the alarm (50) is turned on, and at this time, the alarm releasing button (51) can be triggered by the related personnel to perform external intervention, and when no human intervention alarm exists within a period of time, the water leakage condition is judged to occur and no human intervention exists, and the water valve is turned off by the water valve closing controller (52) and the related responsible personnel are informed by a short message (53).
6. The indoor water leakage prevention system based on the infrared distance measurement as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the distance measurement method is a time delay difference measurement method, the time delay difference measurement method is to use a linear frequency modulation signal as a carrier wave of the infrared laser, and use a reflected signal collected by a receiving end to obtain the accurate time delay of the infrared laser through a matched filtering algorithm; because the water surface and the water bottom are two reflecting surfaces in the laser transmission process, the time difference between two time delay peaks is matched and filtered through the reflected signals, so that the accurate water depth parameter is obtained.
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| CN116230057A (en) * | 2023-03-20 | 2023-06-06 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Missile-borne storage testing system capable of working in power failure and use method |
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