CN111637659A - High-energy-efficiency heat pump air conditioning system and control method thereof - Google Patents
High-energy-efficiency heat pump air conditioning system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111637659A CN111637659A CN202010545671.1A CN202010545671A CN111637659A CN 111637659 A CN111637659 A CN 111637659A CN 202010545671 A CN202010545671 A CN 202010545671A CN 111637659 A CN111637659 A CN 111637659A
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- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00478—Air-conditioning devices using the Peltier effect
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
- F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
- F25B21/04—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect reversible
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/002—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
- F25B2321/02—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effects; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effects
- F25B2321/021—Control thereof
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-efficient heat pump air-conditioning system and a control method thereof, wherein the heat pump air-conditioning system comprises a refrigerant main circulation flow path and a semiconductor heat exchange module, an indoor heat exchanger, a compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger and a first throttling element are arranged on the refrigerant main circulation flow path, the semiconductor heat exchange module comprises a semiconductor refrigeration sheet, a power supply controller and a return air duct, the power supply controller is used for providing variable working voltage for the semiconductor refrigeration sheet, the semiconductor refrigeration sheet comprises a first heat exchange panel and a second heat exchange panel, the first heat exchange panel is arranged opposite to the outdoor heat exchanger, and the return air duct is used for transmitting heat or cold generated by the second heat exchange panel to the indoor heat exchanger. The heat pump air-conditioning system is high in energy efficiency, reduces the power consumption of the electric vehicle by improving the system energy efficiency, and improves the vehicle endurance mileage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat pump air conditioners, in particular to an energy-efficient heat pump air conditioner system and a control method thereof, and particularly relates to a heat pump air conditioner system based on an electric vehicle and a control method thereof.
Background
With the implementation of energy conservation and emission reduction, the pure electric bus is greatly supported and popularized by the government by virtue of the advantages of low carbon and high-efficiency energy. However, the heat pump air conditioner on the electric vehicle has serious heating attenuation in cold and severe cold areas, and the system has low energy efficiency, so that the comfort level of a human body is reduced, and the endurance mileage of the electric vehicle is greatly influenced. The traditional improvement of the energy efficiency of the air conditioning system is only from the energy efficiency of the air conditioning system, such as by recooling and backheating, replacing the refrigerant, changing the structure of the heat exchanger, changing the type of the compressor and the arrangement of the pipelines. The energy efficiency of the system is determined by the evaporation temperature and the condensation temperature, and for the air conditioning system, the higher the evaporation temperature is, the lower the condensation temperature is, and the higher the energy efficiency of the system is; whereas the less energy efficient the system. In hot summer and cold winter areas, the outdoor temperature of the air conditioner can reach more than 40 ℃ during refrigeration, and the refrigeration energy efficiency is very low. In severe cold areas, the outdoor temperature can reach minus 30 ℃ when the air conditioner heats, and the heating energy efficiency is very low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problem of low energy efficiency of a heat pump air-conditioning system in the prior art, and provides a high-energy-efficiency heat pump air-conditioning system, which reduces the power consumption of an electric vehicle and improves the endurance mileage of the vehicle by improving the system energy efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an energy efficient heat pump air conditioning system comprising:
refrigerant main circulation flow path: an indoor heat exchanger, a compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger and a first throttling element are arranged on the refrigerant main circulating flow path, the compressor is connected with the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger through the four-way valve, and the first throttling element is connected between the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger in series;
the semiconductor heat exchange module comprises: the semiconductor heat exchange module comprises semiconductor refrigeration pieces, a power supply controller and a backflow air channel, wherein the power supply controller is used for supplying variable working voltage to the semiconductor refrigeration pieces, the semiconductor refrigeration pieces comprise a first heat exchange panel and a second heat exchange panel, the first heat exchange panel is arranged opposite to the outdoor heat exchanger, and the backflow air channel is used for transmitting heat or cold generated by the second heat exchange panel to the indoor heat exchanger.
Furthermore, the high-energy-efficiency heat pump air conditioning system further comprises a heating bypass, the heating bypass comprises a three-way valve, a first one-way valve, an auxiliary heat exchanger and a second one-way valve which are connected in sequence, the three-way valve is connected into a pipeline communicated with the first throttling element and the indoor heat exchanger, the second one-way valve is connected with the compressor, the auxiliary heat exchanger is provided with a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet, the first inlet is used for being communicated with the first one-way valve to form the first heating bypass, the second inlet is used for being communicated with one interface of the three-way valve to form the second heating bypass, the first outlet is used for being communicated with the second one-way valve, and the second outlet is used for being communicated with the first throttling element.
Further, the first heating bypass further comprises a solenoid valve, and the solenoid valve is connected in series between the first check valve and the auxiliary heat exchanger.
Further, the first heating bypass further includes a second throttling element connected in series between the first check valve and the auxiliary heat exchanger.
Further, the auxiliary heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.
Further, on the refrigerant main circulation flow path, a gas-liquid separator is further arranged at a flow path section where the compressor is connected with the indoor heat exchanger, and the gas-liquid separator is connected in series between the compressor and the four-way valve.
Furthermore, the high-energy-efficiency heat pump air-conditioning system also comprises an ice layer thickness sensor, and the ice layer thickness sensor is fixed on the outdoor heat exchanger.
Further, semiconductor heat exchange module still includes battery and solar panel, battery and solar panel respectively with power controller electric connection.
Furthermore, the backflow air duct is provided with an induced draft fan.
Furthermore, an air valve is also arranged on the backflow air duct.
The invention also provides a control method of the heat pump air conditioning system with high energy efficiency, which comprises the following steps:
judging the operation mode of the air conditioner, wherein the operation mode comprises a refrigeration mode, a heating mode and a defrosting mode;
if the operation mode is a refrigeration mode, the power supply controller supplies power to the semiconductor refrigeration sheet to enable the first heat exchange panel to be a cold end, the second heat exchange panel to be a hot end, and the return air duct transmits heat to the indoor heat exchanger;
if the operation mode is a heating mode, the power supply controller supplies power to the semiconductor refrigeration sheet to enable the first heat exchange panel to be a hot end, the second heat exchange panel is a cold end, the backflow air duct transmits cold energy to the indoor heat exchanger, the thickness of a frost layer of the outdoor heat exchanger is detected, and when the thickness of the frost layer is larger than a thickness threshold value, the defrosting mode is started by controlling the four-way valve to change direction and the backflow air duct to stop transmitting cold energy to the indoor heat exchanger;
when the defrosting mode is adopted, the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger releases heat, and the power supply controller supplies power to the semiconductor refrigeration sheet to enable the first heat exchange panel to be a hot end until the thickness of the frost layer is smaller than the thickness threshold value.
Further, when the defrosting mode is in, the storage battery and the solar panel both supply power to the power supply controller.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
when the system runs in a refrigeration mode, the power controller supplies power to the semiconductor refrigeration piece to enable the first heat exchange panel to become a cold end, so that the ambient temperature around the outdoor heat exchanger is reduced, and the condensation temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger is reduced; and at this moment, the second heat exchange panel becomes the hot junction, and the heat of production has improved the temperature around the indoor heat exchanger through the transmission of backward flow wind channel to indoor heat exchanger to the evaporating temperature of indoor heat exchanger has been improved, has improved the efficiency of system. On the contrary, when the system runs in a heating mode, the power supply controller changes the current direction for supplying power to the semiconductor refrigeration sheet so as to enable the first heat exchange panel to become a hot end, the ambient temperature around the outdoor heat exchanger is increased, and the evaporation temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger is increased; and at this moment, the second heat exchange panel becomes the cold junction, and the cold volume of production has reduced the temperature around the indoor heat exchanger through the transmission of backward flow wind channel to indoor heat exchanger to reduce indoor heat exchanger's condensing temperature, improved the efficiency of system.
According to the system disclosed by the invention, the thickness of the frost layer of the outdoor heat exchanger can be detected when the system is in the heating mode, the defrosting mode is entered when the thickness of the frost layer is greater than the thickness threshold value, the frost layer of the outdoor heat exchanger is removed firstly, then the heating mode is carried out, the heat exchange capability of the outdoor heat exchanger is effectively ensured, and the energy efficiency of the system is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the energy-efficient heat pump air conditioning system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a refrigerant main circulation flow path and a semiconductor heat exchange module.
The main refrigerant circulation flow path includes an indoor heat exchanger 10, a compressor 20, a four-way valve 30, an outdoor heat exchanger 40, and a first throttling element 50. The compressor 20 is connected to the indoor heat exchanger 10 and the outdoor heat exchanger 40 through the four-way valve 30, and the first throttling element 50 is connected in series between the indoor heat exchanger 10 and the outdoor heat exchanger 40. One of the indoor heat exchanger 10 and the outdoor heat exchanger 40 may be a condenser, and the other may be an evaporator. The refrigerant can circulate in the refrigerant main circulation flow path.
When the system is operating in a cooling mode, the indoor heat exchanger 10 may function as an evaporator and the outdoor heat exchanger 40 may function as a condenser. The compressor 20 compresses the refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and the refrigerant flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 40 through the four-way valve 30. The refrigerant exchanges heat with outdoor air in the outdoor heat exchanger 40, is converted into a medium-temperature and medium-pressure state, is throttled and depressurized by the first throttling element 50, and is converted into a low-temperature and low-pressure state. The low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant flows into the indoor heat exchanger 10 to exchange heat with the indoor air, and the liquid refrigerant evaporates to absorb heat and is converted into a gas state, so that the indoor temperature is reduced. The gaseous refrigerant flows back to the compressor 20 and enters a further refrigeration cycle. In this cyclic mode, the energy efficiency of the system is:
wherein, T0Is the temperature, T, of the air surrounding the indoor heat exchanger 10KIs the temperature of the air surrounding the outdoor heat exchanger 40.
When the system is in the heating mode, the indoor heat exchanger 10 may function as a condenser and the outdoor heat exchanger 40 may function as an evaporator. The compressor 20 compresses the refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which enters the indoor heat exchanger 10 to be mixed withThe indoor air exchanges heat, and the refrigerant releases heat and is condensed into a state of medium temperature and medium pressure, so that the indoor temperature is increased. The medium-temperature and medium-pressure refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the first throttling element 50, converted into a low-temperature and low-pressure state, and enters the outdoor heat exchanger 40. The heat exchange with the outdoor air is performed in the outdoor heat exchanger 40, the liquid refrigerant evaporates to absorb heat and is transferred to a gas state, and the gas refrigerant flows back to the compressor 20 and then enters the next cycle. In this cyclic mode, the energy efficiency of the system is:
wherein, T0Is the temperature, T, of the air surrounding the indoor heat exchanger 10KIs the temperature of the air surrounding the outdoor heat exchanger 40.
The semiconductor heat exchange module comprises a semiconductor refrigeration piece 60, a power supply controller 70 and a return air duct 80. The power controller 70 is used for providing a variable operating voltage to the semiconductor chilling plate 60. The semiconductor refrigeration sheet 60 includes a first heat exchange panel and a second heat exchange panel, the first heat exchange panel is disposed opposite to the outdoor heat exchanger 40, and the return air duct 80 is configured to transmit heat or cold generated by the second heat exchange panel to the indoor heat exchanger 10. Specifically, an induced draft fan 81 and an air valve are arranged in the return air duct 80, and the induced draft fan 81 can guide the heat or the cold generated by the second heat exchange panel to the indoor heat exchanger 10. The transfer of heat or cold to the indoor heat exchanger 10 can be stopped by the damper.
Specifically, the semiconductor chilling plate 60 is a heat transfer tool, and is formed by bonding an N-type semiconductor material and a P-type semiconductor material into a thermocouple pair. When the current passes through, heat transfer can be generated between the two ends, and the heat can be transferred from one end to the other end, so that temperature difference is generated to form a cold end and a hot end. When the current changes and changes direction, the original cold end can become the hot end, and the original hot end can become the cold end. In this embodiment, the first heat exchange panel may be an N-type semiconductor material terminal, and the second heat exchange panel may be a P-type semiconductor material terminal. The first heat exchange panel can also be a P-type semiconductor material end, and the second heat exchange panel can be an N-type semiconductor material end. The power controller 70 is electrically connected to the semiconductor chilling plate 60, and supplies operating voltage to the semiconductor chilling plate 60. Furthermore, the power controller 70 may change the flow direction of the supply current, that is: the power controller 70 may supply power to cause current to flow from the first heat exchange panel to the second heat exchange panel, and may also cause current to flow from the second heat exchange panel to the first heat exchange panel, so that the first heat exchange panel and the second heat exchange panel may be switched between the cold side and the hot side.
Therefore, when the system is in the cooling mode, the semiconductor cooling sheet 60 enables the temperature T of the air around the outdoor heat exchanger 40KLowering the temperature T of the air surrounding the indoor heat exchanger 100The energy efficiency of the system is:
it is improved. In the heating mode, the semiconductor cooling fins 60 make the temperature T of the air around the outdoor heat exchanger 40KThe temperature T of the air around the indoor heat exchanger 10 is raised0The energy efficiency of the system is reduced as follows:
it is improved.
In a possible embodiment, the semiconductor heat exchange module further comprises a storage battery 71 and a solar panel 72, and the storage battery 71 and the solar panel 72 are respectively electrically connected with the power controller 70. The heat energy obtained by the solar panel 72 can be converted into electric energy to be stored in the storage battery 71. When the defrosting mode is needed, the solar panel 72 and the storage battery 71 simultaneously supply power to the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 60 through the power controller 70, and defrosting is performed quickly and efficiently.
In one possible embodiment, in order to further improve the energy efficiency of the heat pump air conditioning system, the heat pump air conditioning system further comprises a heating bypass, the heating bypass comprises a three-way valve 91, a first one-way valve 92, an auxiliary heat exchanger 95 and a second one-way valve 96 which are connected in sequence, the three-way valve 91 is connected to a pipe line through which the first throttling element 50 communicates with the indoor heat exchanger 10, the second check valve 96 is connected to the compressor 20, the auxiliary heat exchanger 95 is provided with a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet, the first inflow port is used for communicating with the first check valve 92 to form a first heating bypass, the second inflow port is used for communicating with one port of the three-way valve 91 to form a second heating bypass, the first outlet is adapted to communicate with the second one-way valve 96 and the second outlet is adapted to communicate with the first restriction element 50.
When the system operates in a heating mode, the first check valve 92 and the second check valve 96 are opened, a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger 10 passes through the three energy valves and then is divided into two paths, the first path passes through the first check valve 92 and then flows into the auxiliary heat exchanger 95, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is heated into gas in the auxiliary heat exchanger 95, the gas passes through the second check valve 96 and then enters the compressor 20, a first heating bypass is formed, the suction temperature of the compressor 20 is reduced, the efficiency of the compressor 20 is improved, and the heating energy efficiency is further improved; the second path directly passes through the auxiliary heat exchanger 95 and the first throttling element 50, enters the outdoor heat exchanger 40 for evaporation and heat absorption, and then enters the compressor 20 to form a second heating bypass. The refrigerant of the first heating bypass and the refrigerant of the second heating bypass are mixed and then enter the next heating cycle.
In a possible embodiment, the first heating bypass further comprises a solenoid valve 94, the solenoid valve 94 being connected in series between the first non return valve 92 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 95. Further, the second heating bypass further includes a second throttling element 93, and the second throttling element 93 is connected in series between the first check valve 92 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 95. In the present embodiment, the auxiliary heat exchanger is preferably a plate heat exchanger.
The heat pump air conditioning system of the present embodiment further includes an indoor fan 11 and an outdoor fan 41. The indoor fan 11 is disposed adjacent to the indoor heat exchanger 10, and the outdoor fan 41 is disposed at the outdoor heat exchanger 40.
After the heating bypass is added, the principle and the process of the cooling mode and the heating mode of the system are as follows:
when the system operates in a refrigeration mode, a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant generated by the indoor heat exchanger 10 enters the compressor 20 to be compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, the refrigerant is condensed and released heat through the outdoor heat exchanger 40, then enters the first throttling element 50 to be throttled into the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant, meanwhile, the electromagnetic valve 94 is closed, and the refrigerant enters the indoor heat exchanger 10 through the three-way valve 91 to be evaporated and absorb heat, so that the refrigeration process. Meanwhile, when the refrigerant is condensed and released in the outdoor heat exchanger 40, the electric quantity generated by the solar panel 72 enters the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 60 through the power controller 70, the first heat exchange panel of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 60 generates cold to reduce the ambient temperature, and the second heat exchange panel of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 60 generates heat to improve the ambient temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 10 through the induced draft fan 81 and the return air duct 80.
When the system operates in a heating mode, high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger 10 is condensed to release heat to improve the temperature in the vehicle, the refrigerant is divided into two paths through the three-way valve 91, the first one-way valve 92, the second one-way valve 96 and the electromagnetic valve 94 are all opened, the first path enters the auxiliary heat exchanger 95 through the first one-way valve 92 and the second throttling element 93, the gas is heated in the auxiliary heat exchanger 95 to enter the compressor 20, the suction temperature of the compressor 20 is reduced, the efficiency of the compressor 20 is improved, and the heating energy efficiency is further improved; the second path directly passes through the auxiliary heat exchanger 95 and the first throttle valve, then enters the outdoor heat exchanger 40 for evaporation and heat absorption, then enters the compressor 20 and is mixed with the refrigerant of the first path for compression, and the heating process is completed. Meanwhile, in the process that the refrigerant absorbs heat in the outdoor heat exchanger 40, the electric quantity generated by the solar panel 72 enters the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 60 through the power controller 70, the first heat exchange panel of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 60 generates heat to improve the temperature of the surrounding environment, and the second heat exchange panel of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 60 generates cold to reduce the temperature of the surrounding of the indoor heat exchanger 10 through the induced draft fan 81 and the air duct.
In a possible embodiment, a gas-liquid separator 21 is further disposed on a flow path section where the compressor 20 and the indoor heat exchanger 10 are connected to each other on the refrigerant main circulation flow path, and the gas-liquid separator 21 is connected in series between the compressor 20 and the four-way valve 30.
The outdoor heat exchanger 40 is further fixed with the ice layer thickness sensor, and the ice layer sensor is used for detecting the thickness of the frost layer at the bottom of the outdoor heat exchanger 40, so that when the frost layer is thick, the heating energy efficiency is reduced. In the heating mode, when the frost layer is thick, the system can defrost firstly and then heat.
Along with heating operation, the frost layer of the outdoor heat exchanger 40 becomes thicker and thicker, and the heat exchange effect is seriously influenced. The bottom of the outdoor heat exchanger 40 is frosted first when frosting occurs, and the upper part of the outdoor heat exchanger starts frosting after the bottom is frosted to a certain degree. Therefore, to improve energy efficiency and human comfort, only the frost layer at the bottom of the outdoor heat exchanger 40 needs to be controlled. When the frost layer at the bottom of the outdoor heat exchanger 40 is thick, the defrosting mode is started, the four-way valve 30 is reversed, the first one-way valve 92 and the second one-way valve 96 are closed, the outdoor fan 41 stops running, the induced draft fan 81 and the air valve are closed, the refrigerant releases heat and defrosts in the outdoor heat exchanger 40, meanwhile, the solar panel 72 and the storage battery 71 jointly supply power to the semiconductor chilling plate 60, and the first heating panel of the semiconductor chilling plate 60 generates a large amount of heat to defrost the outdoor heat exchanger 40. When the thickness of the frost layer is detected to be zero, defrosting is stopped, the four-way valve 30 is reversed, the first check valve 92 and the second check valve 96 are opened, the electromagnetic valve 94 is opened, the heating mode is entered, and the defrosting mode is ended. At the same time, the battery 71 stops supplying power, and enters a storage mode in preparation for the next defrosting. The mode carries out the defrosting through the thickness of the frost layer of the heat exchanger below, and the defrosting is more thorough, and is more rapid and efficient.
The control method of the energy-efficient heat pump air conditioning system according to the present embodiment includes:
and judging the operation modes of the air conditioner, wherein the operation modes comprise a refrigeration mode, a heating mode and a defrosting mode.
If the operation mode is a cooling mode, the power controller 70 supplies power to the semiconductor cooling fins 60 so that the first heat exchange panel is a cold end, the second heat exchange panel is a hot end, and the return air duct 80 transmits heat to the indoor heat exchanger 10.
If the operation mode is a heating mode, the power controller 70 supplies power to the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 60 to enable the first heat exchange panel to be a heating end, the second heat exchange panel to be a cooling end, the return air duct 80 transmits cold to the indoor heat exchanger 10, detects the thickness of a frost layer of the outdoor heat exchanger 40, and controls the four-way valve 30 to change direction and the return air duct 80 to stop transmitting cold to the indoor heat exchanger 10 to enter a defrosting mode when the thickness of the frost layer is larger than a thickness threshold value.
When in the defrosting mode, the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 40 releases heat, and the power controller 70 supplies power to the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 60 to make the first heat exchange panel be a heating end until the thickness of the frost layer is smaller than the thickness threshold.
Further, when in the defrosting mode, the storage battery 71 and the solar panel 72 simultaneously supply power to the power controller 70, and the frost layer of the outdoor heat exchanger 40 is rapidly removed.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention should not be limited to the embodiment and the disclosure of the drawings, and therefore, all equivalent or modifications that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An energy efficient heat pump air conditioning system, comprising:
refrigerant main circulation flow path: an indoor heat exchanger, a compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger and a first throttling element are arranged on the refrigerant main circulating flow path, the compressor is connected with the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger through the four-way valve, and the first throttling element is connected between the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger in series;
the semiconductor heat exchange module comprises: the semiconductor heat exchange module comprises semiconductor refrigeration pieces, a power supply controller and a backflow air channel, wherein the power supply controller is used for supplying variable working voltage to the semiconductor refrigeration pieces, the semiconductor refrigeration pieces comprise a first heat exchange panel and a second heat exchange panel, the first heat exchange panel is arranged opposite to the outdoor heat exchanger, and the backflow air channel is used for transmitting heat or cold generated by the second heat exchange panel to the indoor heat exchanger.
2. An energy efficient heat pump air conditioning system as recited in claim 1 wherein: still include the bypass of heating, the bypass of heating is including the three-way valve, first check valve, auxiliary heat exchanger, the second check valve that connect in order, the three-way valve inserts first throttling element with in the pipeline of indoor heat exchanger intercommunication, the second check valve with the compressor is connected, auxiliary heat exchanger is equipped with first influent stream mouth, second influent stream mouth, first outfall and second outfall, first influent stream mouth be used for with first check valve communicates into first bypass of heating, second influent stream mouth be used for with an interface intercommunication of three-way valve becomes the bypass of second heating, first effluent stream mouth be used for with the second check valve intercommunication, the second outfall be used for with first throttling element intercommunication.
3. An energy efficient heat pump air conditioning system as recited in claim 2 wherein: the first heating bypass further includes a solenoid valve connected in series between the first check valve and the auxiliary heat exchanger.
4. An energy efficient heat pump air conditioning system as recited in claim 2 wherein: the first heating bypass further includes a second throttling element connected in series between the first check valve and the auxiliary heat exchanger.
5. An energy efficient heat pump air conditioning system as recited in claim 1 wherein: and a gas-liquid separator is also arranged on the flow path section where the compressor is connected with the indoor heat exchanger on the refrigerant main circulation flow path, and the gas-liquid separator is connected in series between the compressor and the four-way valve.
6. An energy efficient heat pump air conditioning system as recited in claim 1 wherein: the outdoor heat exchanger is characterized by further comprising an ice layer thickness sensor, and the ice layer thickness sensor is fixed on the outdoor heat exchanger.
7. An energy efficient heat pump air conditioning system as recited in claim 1 wherein: the semiconductor heat exchange module further comprises a storage battery and a solar panel, and the storage battery and the solar panel are respectively electrically connected with the power supply controller.
8. An energy efficient heat pump air conditioning system as recited in claim 1 wherein: and an induced draft fan and an air valve are also arranged in the return air duct.
9. A control method of an energy-efficient heat pump air conditioning system, characterized in that the energy-efficient heat pump air conditioning system is the heat pump air conditioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the control method comprising:
judging the operation mode of the air conditioner, wherein the operation mode comprises a refrigeration mode, a heating mode and a defrosting mode;
if the operation mode is a refrigeration mode, the power supply controller supplies power to the semiconductor refrigeration sheet to enable the first heat exchange panel to be a cold end, the second heat exchange panel to be a hot end, and the return air duct transmits heat to the indoor heat exchanger;
if the operation mode is a heating mode, the power supply controller supplies power to the semiconductor refrigeration sheet to enable the first heat exchange panel to be a hot end, the second heat exchange panel is a cold end, the return air duct transmits cold to the indoor heat exchanger, the thickness of a frost layer of the outdoor heat exchanger is detected, and when the thickness of the frost layer is larger than a thickness threshold value, the four-way valve is controlled to change direction, and the return air duct stops transmitting cold to the indoor heat exchanger to enter a defrosting mode;
when the defrosting mode is adopted, the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger releases heat, and the power supply controller supplies power to the semiconductor refrigeration sheet to enable the first heat exchange panel to serve as a heating end until the thickness of the frost layer is smaller than the thickness threshold value.
10. The method of controlling an energy efficient heat pump air conditioning system of claim 9, wherein: when the defrosting mode is in, the storage battery and the solar panel both supply power to the power supply controller.
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