CN111636833A - Oil-removing treatment device and method for oil-based drilling cuttings - Google Patents
Oil-removing treatment device and method for oil-based drilling cuttings Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/01—Arrangements for handling drilling fluids or cuttings outside the borehole, e.g. mud boxes
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oil removing treatment device and method for oil-based drilling cuttings. The apparatus is disposed in an upper process chamber and a lower process chamber, and includes: the device comprises an extraction unit, a solid-liquid separation unit, an extracted oil separation unit and an extractant recovery unit. The main device of the device is divided into two treatment chambers, the integrated design is realized, the main device is placed in the upper treatment chamber, the lower treatment chamber is mainly provided with each unit liquid storage tank, the design can lead each processed liquid phase to flow into the liquid storage tanks by self weight, a large amount of power is saved, and the two treatment chambers are stacked up and down, so that the floor area of a field can be reduced, and the device is more convenient to operate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field drilling environment protection in the petroleum industry, and particularly relates to an oil-based drilling cutting oil removing treatment device and method.
Background
With the continuous expansion of shale gas development scale, the use scale of the oil-based drilling fluid is increased, and the amount of oil-based drilling cuttings generated along with the increase of the shale gas development scale is also greatly increased. Taking the Changning, Wignen shale gas block as an example, about 600 new wells are expected to be developed, calculated as 300 tons/well of oil-based drill cuttings per average single well, about 180000 tons of oil-based drill cuttings waste are expected to be generated, as all mandated disposal, with up to 3 billion dollars (1700 dollars per ton) of disposal cost alone expected. In addition, oil base drill chip belongs to hazardous waste management scope, needs special detritus case to collect, keep in and builds weather enclosure, greatly increased area and cost with ground. Meanwhile, the oil in the drill cuttings is mainly base oil (industrial white oil, diesel oil and the like) in the oil-based drilling fluid, is a high-quality petroleum resource and has high recovery value.
At present, thermal desorption treatment, TCC hammer milling and LRET treatment are mainly adopted for oil-based drilling cuttings, and the oil-based drilling cuttings are in an on-site test stage or a small-scale application stage. The thermal desorption indirect heating method has the defects of low heating rate, nonuniform heating, local high temperature, easy glue formation, uncontrollable heating temperature, poor safety and the like; the TCC hammer mill type has the defects of large energy consumption of equipment, large dust, large later stage spraying consumption and the like, and the treatment cost is more than 2000 yuan/ton; oil field enterprises are difficult to bear, and the development of economic and safe oil-based rock debris harmless treatment and resource utilization technologies is urgently needed.
The solid-liquid extraction is a mature chemical process developed at present, and the extraction device has various forms such as differential semi-continuous solid-liquid extraction, sectional type extraction and the like according to different material properties. The differential semi-continuous solid-liquid extraction method adopts a kind of fixed bed solid-liquid contact equipment, the solid raw material is filled into the fixed bed and is still, the extracting agent flows through the solid from top to bottom at a certain flow rate to dissolve out the solute, and the concentration of the extracting solution is increased in the flowing process and finally flows out from the lower part of the fixed bed. The sectional extraction method adopts different types of mixing equipment, separating equipment, mixing clarifiers and the like in multiple stages according to different properties of materials, so that the full mixing of solid and liquid and the high-efficiency separation and extraction are realized. Most of the currently adopted extracting agents are expensive, the gasification temperature is low, the extracting agents are extremely easy to volatilize at normal temperature, and potential safety hazards exist. Chinese patent 201710628815.8 proposes a novel reversible oil removal agent, which is amine containing tetrahydropyran ring; the oil removing agent for treating oil-based drilling waste has high oil removing rate, the oil recovery rate is over 95 percent, the oil content of residual waste water after oil removal is less than 5mg/L, and the oil content of residual solid residues is less than 0.3 percent. The oil removal agent has broad spectrum and can be widely used for treating oil-containing drilling wastes such as different oil-based drilling waste liquids, drilling cuttings and the like in petroleum and petrochemical enterprises. In addition, the oil removing agent has the advantages of good recovery rate, reusability, high boiling point, high use safety and the like, and is about 78 ℃.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the background technology, the invention provides an oil removing treatment device and method for oil-based drilling cuttings. The oil removing treatment device and method for the oil-based drill cuttings are developed based on the reversible conversion oil removing agent design of patent 201710628815.8. The reversible conversion degreaser can realize the conversion of 'hydrophilic-lipophilic', and is lipophilic in normal state, is converted into hydrophilic under the action of acid, and can be converted into lipophilic under the action of alkali; therefore, after the reversible conversion oil removal agent is used for extracting the oil-based drilling cuttings, the separation of oil, water and the oil removal agent can be realized through the conversion of 'hydrophile-lipophile', and the separated oil removal agent can be recycled.
The reversible oil remover is amine containing tetrahydropyrane ring, and has a structural formula shown in formula (I):
wherein R in the formula (I)1、R2Each independently selected from methyl or ethyl.
Preferably, formula (I) is selected from:
the oil remover shown in the formula (I) shows hydrophobicity in a normal state, is converted into hydrophilicity after adding acid, and can be converted into hydrophobicity after adding alkali. The oil-based drilling waste oil removing treatment method is characterized in that the oil-based drilling waste oil removing treatment is realized by utilizing the hydrophilic and oleophilic convertibility of the oil-based drilling waste oil removing treatment method, specifically, the oil-based drilling waste oil is mixed with a hydrophobic oil removing conversion agent, oil can be extracted into an oil removing agent, the oil removing agent is converted into hydrophilicity, oil can be obtained through separation and extraction, the oil removing agent is converted back into hydrophobicity, and then the oil can be separated from water and is continuously used for next oil removing treatment. The oil removing agent for treating oil-based drilling waste has high oil removing rate, the oil recovery rate is over 95 percent, the oil content of residual waste water after oil removal is less than 5mg/L, and the oil content of residual solid residues is less than 0.3 percent. The oil removal agent has broad spectrum and can be widely used for treating oil-containing drilling wastes such as different oil-based drilling waste liquids, drilling cuttings and the like in petroleum and petrochemical enterprises. In addition, the oil removing agent has the advantages of good recovery rate, reusability, high boiling point, high use safety and the like, and is about 78 ℃.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted:
the invention provides an oil-based drill chip oil removal treatment device, which is arranged in an upper treatment chamber and a lower treatment chamber and comprises: the device comprises an extraction unit, a solid-liquid separation unit, an extracted oil separation unit and an extractant recovery unit;
the extraction unit comprises: the device comprises a stirring reaction kettle, a reaction kettle water supply pump, a reaction kettle medicine supply pump and a main medicament box; the reaction kettle water supply pump supplies water to the stirring reaction kettle, and the reaction kettle medicine supply pump pumps the extractant in the main reagent box into the stirring reaction kettle; an oil-based drilling cutting inlet is formed in the top of the stirring reaction kettle; stirring and mixing the oil-based drilling cuttings, the extracting agent and water in the stirring reaction kettle to obtain slag slurry;
the solid-liquid separation unit includes: a flat centrifuge and a solid residue tank; the slag slurry enters the flat centrifuge for solid-liquid separation, and the obtained solid-phase residue is stored in the solid slag tank;
the extraction oil separation unit comprises: loop reactor, CO2The device comprises a gas holder, an oil-water separator and an oil return temporary storage tank; the liquid phase obtained by solid-liquid separation of the flat centrifuge enters a loop reactor, and CO simultaneously2Introducing CO into the loop reactor through a gas holder2Performing oil extraction operation; after the oil extraction operation is finished, the mixed liquid in the loop reactor enters the oil-water separator for oil-water separation, and the separated oil phase enters the oil return temporary storage tank;
the extractant recovery unit comprises: a filler degassing tower, a blower, an extractant recovery device and a hydro-separator; the air blower conveys air to the filler degassing tower, a mixed water phase obtained by oil-water separation of the oil-water separator enters the filler degassing tower for degassing, an obtained gas phase enters the extractant recovery device for separation operation, and a separated liquid extractant enters the extractant-water separator; the liquid phase obtained by the filler degassing tower enters the agent-water separator; the agent-water separator separates out a water phase and an organic phase, and the organic phase is an extracting agent; in order to reduce the loss caused by volatilization of the extracting agent in the stripping process, the device is provided with an extracting agent recovery device, and the gas after stripping is introduced into the extracting agent recovery device to carry out secondary recovery on the volatilized extracting agent;
the stirring reaction kettle, the flat centrifuge, the loop reactor, the oil-water separator, the extractant recovery device and the water-water separator are arranged in the upper treatment chamber;
the reaction kettle water supply pump, the reaction kettle medicine supply pump, the main medicament box, the slag solidification tank and the CO2Degassing of gas holder, oil return temporary storage tank and fillerA tower and blower are disposed in the lower processing chamber.
The main equipment of the device is divided into two sledge chambers, the integrated design is realized, the main equipment is arranged in the upper sledge chamber, and the lower sledge chamber is mainly provided with each unit liquid storage tank. The device integrates each unit into two main equipment chambers of an upper treatment chamber and a lower treatment chamber. The two processing chambers are stacked up and down and fixed by a universal corner fitting pin. Aims to reduce the occupied area of the field and more conveniently operate the equipment. Preferably, both the two treatment chambers adopt a container structure, and the purpose is to reduce the steel structure weight of the equipment chamber and reduce the cost.
Wherein, the lower processing chamber is mainly used for placing the liquid storage tank, the operating pump and larger equipment of each processing unit, and provides space for the upper processing chamber to the maximum extent. The upper processing chamber mainly houses the specific processing equipment of each unit of the apparatus.
In the oil-based drill cutting oil removal treatment device of the invention, preferably, the solid-liquid separation unit further comprises a slurry pump disposed in the upper treatment chamber; and the slurry pump conveys the slurry from the bottom of the stirring reaction kettle to a flat centrifuge.
Preferably, the solid-liquid separation unit further comprises a centrifuge liquid phase temporary storage tank arranged in the lower treatment chamber; the extraction oil separation unit also comprises a loop reactor liquid supply pump arranged in the lower treatment chamber;
and the liquid phase separated by the flat centrifuge is temporarily stored in the centrifuge liquid phase temporary storage tank and is pumped by the loop reactor liquid feed pump and conveyed to the loop reactor for reaction.
Preferably, the extraction oil separation unit further comprises a loop reactor circulating pump arranged in the upper treatment chamber and an oil return conveying pump arranged in the lower treatment chamber; the loop reactor repeatedly circulates the mixed liquid through a circulating pump of the loop reactor so as to fully perform oil extraction operation; after the oil extraction operation is finished, the mixed liquid is conveyed to the oil-water separator by the circulating pump of the loop reactor for oil-water separation; the separated oil phase flows into an oil return temporary storage tank of the lower treatment chamber through self weight, and is conveyed to a subsequent treatment unit for treatment by the oil return conveying pump after reaching a certain storage amount.
Preferably, the extraction oil separation unit further comprises a mixed liquid temporary storage tank arranged in the lower treatment chamber, and the extractant recovery unit further comprises a degassing tower liquid supply pump arranged in the lower treatment chamber;
and the mixed water phase separated by the loop reactor flows into a mixed liquid temporary storage tank of the lower treatment chamber through self weight, is pumped by the degassing tower liquid feed pump and is pumped into the packing degassing tower for degassing.
Preferably, the extractant recovery unit further comprises a degassing tower circulation pump disposed in the lower treatment chamber; during degassing, the circulating pump of the degassing tower repeatedly pumps the mixed water phase; and after the circulation operation of the degassing tower circulating pump is completed, pumping the degassed mixed water phase into the agent-water separator.
Preferably, the packed degasser comprises a heating device. The boiling point of the common oil removing agent is 30-40 ℃, certain potential safety hazard exists in field use, and the oil removing agent is mainly recovered by a distillation mode. The device is based on the novel oil removing agent, so that the oil removing agent has the advantages of good recovery rate, reusability, high boiling point relative to the common oil removing agent, high use safety at about 78 ℃ and the like. The heating device is turned on as needed during the degassing operation. The extraction agent recovery unit selects a packed tower with a simple structure, so that the requirement of working conditions is met, and the occupied space is saved. The packed tower is provided with an electric heating device, the heating temperature is 20-60 ℃, and the degassing effect can be enhanced.
Preferably, the extractant recovery unit further comprises an activated carbon adsorption device arranged in the upper treatment chamber; and the gas separated by the extractant recovery device enters the activated carbon adsorption device for treatment and then is discharged, namely the final treatment of the gas, and the activated carbon in the activated carbon adsorption device is periodically replaced.
Preferably, the extractant recovery unit further comprises a small water storage tank, a small medicine storage tank, a reaction kettle water delivery pump and a reaction kettle medicine delivery pump which are arranged in the lower treatment chamber;
the extractant and the water separated by the agent-water separator respectively flow into the small medicine storage tank and the small water storage tank by means of self weight; and when the liquid phase in the small medicine storage tank and the small water storage tank reaches a certain amount, starting the reaction kettle medicine conveying pump and the reaction kettle water conveying pump to pump the corresponding liquid phase to be supplied to the stirring reaction kettle for circular reaction.
Preferably, the solid-liquid separation unit further comprises a slurry pump flushing pump arranged in the lower treatment chamber, and a slurry pump flushing pump discharge pipeline is connected with a slurry pump suction pipeline and is provided with a partition valve. When the solid phase content of the substances sucked by the slurry pump is too high to cause the blockage of the suction pipeline of the slurry pump, the flushing pump of the slurry pump performs flushing dilution operation on the suction pipeline of the slurry pump by pumping clear water so as to ensure the normal work of the slurry pump.
Preferably, the sediment stuff pump washer pump, reation kettle working shaft, reation kettle medicine feed pump, reation kettle water pump, reation kettle medicine pump, degasser tower liquid feed pump, degasser tower circulating pump, oil return delivery pump, loop reactor liquid feed pump in the lower treatment chamber are bolted detachable fixed on the floor of lower treatment chamber, convenient to detach, maintain and change.
Preferably, the solid slag pot adopts a rectangular structure, a forklift transportation hole is arranged below the solid slag pot, and the solid slag pot can be transported by a forklift when being fully loaded.
Preferably, the water storage small tank, the medicine storage small tank, the mixed liquid temporary storage tank, the oil return temporary storage tank and the centrifuge liquid phase temporary storage tank are all made of PE materials; the material of the main tank of the medicament is stainless steel (not lower than SUS 316L).
Preferably, the slurry pump and the loop reactor circulating pump in the upper treatment chamber are bolted, detachably fixed and convenient to detach, maintain and replace.
Preferably, the main material of the stirred tank reactor is stainless steel (not lower than SUS 316L).
Preferably, the bottoms of the small water storage tank, the small medicine storage tank, the temporary mixed liquid storage tank, the temporary return oil storage tank, the temporary centrifuge liquid-phase storage tank and the main medicament tank are all provided with a drain valve.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises an automatic control system unit; the automatic control system includes: the device comprises a power control module, a data collection module and a display module;
the power control module controls the work of each device according to the instruction;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring data including temperature, time and flow in each device;
the display control module is used for receiving the instruction and displaying the instruction, the state of each device and the fault alarm and the acquired data.
Preferably, the device also comprises an electric control cabinet and a PLC automatic control system which are arranged in the upper processing chamber and used for controlling and realizing the automatic operation of the device.
The invention also provides a treatment method using the oil-based drilling cutting oil removal treatment device, which comprises the following steps:
1) under the condition of room temperature, adding the oil-based drilling cuttings, the extracting agent and water into a stirring reaction kettle according to a certain proportion for stirring operation;
2) after the stirring of the stirring reaction kettle is finished, the mixed liquid is conveyed to a flat centrifuge from the bottom of the stirring reaction kettle by a slurry pump for solid-liquid separation; after the operation for a certain set time, the plate centrifuge automatically unloads the separated solid-liquid phase, the separated liquid phase enters a centrifuge liquid phase temporary storage tank, and the separated solid-phase residue enters a solid residue tank;
3) after solid-phase residues in the solid residue tank are filled, forking the solid residue tank to subsequent treatment equipment by a forklift for advanced treatment;
4) liquid phase separated by the flat centrifuge is temporarily stored in a temporary storage tank of the centrifuge for a period of time, and then is pumped by a liquid supply pump of the loop reactor and is conveyed to the loop reactor for reaction; when transporting the liquid phase, CO2Simultaneously opening a gas holder and a blower to respectively carry out CO treatment on the loop reactor2Supplying air to the degassing packed tower to extract oil; the mixed liquid phase is repeatedly circulated by a circulating pump of the loop reactor so as to fully perform extraction operation;
5) after the oil extraction operation is finished, the mixed liquid is conveyed to an oil-water separator by a circulating pump of the loop reactor for oil-water separation; the separated oil flows into an oil return temporary storage tank of the lower treatment chamber through self weight, and is conveyed to a subsequent treatment unit for treatment by an oil return conveying pump after reaching a certain storage amount;
6) the mixed water phase separated by the loop reactor flows into a mixed liquid temporary storage tank of the lower treatment chamber through self weight, is pumped by a liquid supply pump of the filler degassing tower after reaching a certain storage amount and is pumped into the degassing tower for degassing operation; during the operation, the mixed water phase is repeatedly pumped by a circulating pump of the degassing tower in a circulating mode;
7) the gaseous matter separated by the filler degassing tower enters an extractant recovery device for separation operation, the separated liquid extractant enters an extractant-water separator, and the separated gas enters an active carbon adsorption device for final treatment;
8) after the circulation operation of the circulation pump of the degassing tower is completed, pumping the degassed mixed water phase into the agent-water separator;
9) the agent-water separator carries out agent-water separation treatment operation on the extracting agent separated by the filler degassing tower and mixed water pumped by a circulating pump of the degassing tower;
10) the extractant and water separated by the solvent-water separator flow into the medicine storage small tank and the water storage small tank respectively by means of self weight.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the oil-based drilling cuttings, the extracting agent and the water is (1-0.5): (0.5-0.8): (0.25-0.4).
Preferably, the air supply amount is 1.7-2.0L/min, the density is 1.45g/L, and the air and CO are mixed2The dosage ratio is (0.9-1): (0.85-1) to ensure that the extracting agent converted into hydrophilicity is completely converted into lipophilicity again to be separated from the water phase for recycling.
Preferably, in step 6), the heating device is turned on according to the working conditions to improve the degassing efficiency.
Preferably, the processing method further comprises:
11) and when the liquid phase in the small water storage tank and the small medicine storage tank reaches a certain amount, starting the reaction kettle water conveying pump and the reaction kettle medicine conveying pump to extract the corresponding liquid phase to supply to the reaction kettle for cyclic reaction.
Preferably, the structural formula of the extractant is as follows:
wherein R in the formula (I)1、R2Each independently selected from methyl or ethyl.
The invention forms a set of chemical extraction degreasing new technology based on the reversible conversion degreasing agent, develops a set of chemical extraction degreasing new technology, a new process and new equipment, does not need high-temperature and high-pressure equipment in the treatment process, can continuously carry out 'hydrophilic-lipophilic' conversion under different conditions, completes the oil extraction and the degreasing agent recovery in the oil-based drill cuttings, realizes the harmless treatment of the oil-based drill cuttings and the oil recovery therein, and can recycle the reversible conversion degreasing agent for reuse. The invention realizes breakthrough in the research of the treatment technology of the waste oil-based drilling cuttings, provides a brand-new way for recycling the waste oil-based drilling fluid and even oily waste, and provides powerful environment-friendly technology and equipment support for the green development of oil and gas fields.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. realizes the resource utilization of the oily solid waste. The invention can realize the resource treatment of the oil-based drill cuttings and the recovery of oil in the oil-based drill cuttings, and reduces the final disposal amount of the oil-based drill cuttings.
2. The degreasing agent can be recycled. The reversible conversion oil removal agent used in the invention has controllable conversion of hydrophilic performance and convenient recovery, and the recovery rate of the oil removal agent is more than 95%, so that the reversible conversion oil removal agent can be recycled for treating oil-based drilling cuttings.
3. The treatment process and the equipment run stably, safely and environmentally. The treatment process and the equipment are carried out under the conditions of non-high temperature and high pressure, and inert gas is used for carrying out hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion on the degreaser, so that a strong ventilation measure is designed to avoid the potential safety hazard of suffocation, and the gas after reaction is discharged into the atmosphere without generating air pollution. Avoids the problems of strong corrosivity, firing potential safety hazard and secondary environmental pollution of the concentrated salt wastewater after reaction in the traditional acid-base extraction method.
4. Saving land and treatment cost. After the oil-based drilling cuttings are subjected to resource treatment, rock debris collection and temporary storage are not needed or reduced in a drilling well site, the land is saved, and the expenses for harmless treatment and transportation of the rock debris are saved.
5. Has broad spectrum. The research related to the harmless treatment of the oily waste can be developed. The invention can expand the oil-containing solid waste oil-removing and harmless treatment tests of various treatment objects such as oil-containing wastewater, oil sand, oil-containing sludge and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the apparatus process of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the main processing equipment of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an external block diagram of the main structure of the device in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the main equipment of the lower chamber of the apparatus according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the main equipment of the processing chamber of the apparatus according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the flow of the main equipment of the lower chamber of the apparatus according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the flow of the main equipment of the processing chamber of the apparatus according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-extraction unit, 2-solid-liquid separation unit, 3-extraction oil separation unit, 4-extractant recovery unit, 5-oil-based drilling cuttings, 6-extractant, 7-water, 8.CO2，9-N2Or air, 10-extract oil, 46-drill cuttings residue;
11-lower treatment chamber, 12-upper treatment chamber, 13-upper ladder, 14-treatment chamber door;
a lower process chamber: 15-slurry pump flushing pump, 16-reaction kettle water supply pump, 17-reaction kettle medicine supply pump, 18-reaction kettle water conveying pump, 19-water storage small tank, 20-medicine storage small tank, 21-reaction kettle medicine conveying pump, 22-slag solidification tank, 23-air blower, 24-degassing tower circulating pump, 25-filler degassing tower, 26-degassing tower liquid supply pump, 27-mixed liquid temporary storage tank, 28-oil return temporary storage tank, 29-oil return conveying pump, 30-CO2The system comprises a gas cylinder cabinet, a 31-loop reactor liquid supply pump, a 32-centrifuge liquid phase temporary storage tank and a 33-medicament main tank;
an upper treatment chamber: 34-an oil-based drilling cutting inlet, 35-a stirring reaction kettle, 36-a slurry pump, 37-a flat centrifuge, 38-a loop reactor, 39-an oil-water separator, 40-an electric control cabinet, 41-a filler degassing tower mounting hole, 42-an extractant recovery device, 43-a loop reactor circulating pump, 44-an agent-water separator and 45-an active carbon adsorption device.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention, the invention is further described below in connection with preferred embodiments. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The reversible oil removal treatment technology for the oil-based drilling cuttings adopts a reversible oil removal agent and a reversible oil removal device as technical carriers to realize continuous reversible oil removal of the oil-based drilling cuttings. In the embodiment of the invention, a small-sized test device is partially used for research, the reversible conversion oil removal action mechanism, the oil removal effect (oil recovery rate and residue oil content) and the influence factors are determined, and the adaptability to different oil-containing solid wastes and the recovery rate of the oil removal agent are examined.
Scale of the apparatus: 100kg/h, 8h/d, parking at night.
The feeding indexes are as follows: oil-based drilling cuttings with oil content of 10-40%
Discharging indexes are as follows: the oil content of the residue is less than or equal to 1 percent, and the loss rate of the oil removing agent is less than or equal to 5 percent.
The density of the oil-based drilling cuttings is 1.8-2.2, and the viscosity is high. The density of the residue after extraction is greater. According to the characteristics of solid-liquid extraction equipment and the properties of oil-based drilling cuttings, a mixing stirring kettle is adopted as main equipment of an extraction unit in an extraction unit of the device.
Because the processing scale of the device is small (100kg/h), the main function of the separation unit is to separate the drill cuttings residues and the high-oil-content liquid phase, and according to the characteristics of the processing scale and the material properties, a flat plate centrifuge is selected as the core equipment of the separation unit, and the lower part automatic unloading mode is selected.
The oil-based drilling cutting reversible conversion oil removal treatment device in the preferred embodiment is shown in fig. 3, and each unit is integrated into two total equipment chambers, namely an upper treatment chamber 12 and a lower treatment chamber 11. The two processing chambers are stacked up and down and fixed by a universal corner fitting pin. Aims to reduce the occupied area of the field and more conveniently operate the equipment. The upper treatment chamber 13 is provided with an upper ladder 13 for easy access by an operator, and the lower treatment chamber 11 is directly accessed through the treatment chamber door 14.
Two treatment chambers all adopt container structure, aim at alleviates equipment room steel construction weight, reduce cost.
As shown in FIG. 4, the lower chamber 11 of the apparatus is mainly provided with a reservoir, an operation pump and a large-sized device for each processing unit, and provides a space for the upper chamber to the maximum. The lower treatment chamber 11 mainly comprises a slurry pump washing pump 15, a reaction kettle water supply pump 16, a reaction kettle chemical supply pump 17, a reaction kettle water delivery pump 18, a water storage small tank 19, a chemical storage small tank 20, a reaction kettle chemical delivery pump 21, a solid residue tank 22, a blower 23, a degassing tower liquid supply pump 24, a filler degassing tower 25, a degassing tower circulating pump 26, a mixed liquid temporary storage tank 27, an oil return temporary storage tank 28, an oil return delivery pump 29, CO2The device comprises a gas cylinder cabinet 30, a loop reactor liquid supply pump 31, a centrifuge liquid phase temporary storage tank 32, a medicament main tank 33 and the like.
The slurry pump washing pump 15, the reaction kettle water supply pump 16, the reaction kettle chemical supply pump 17, the reaction kettle water delivery pump 18, the reaction kettle chemical delivery pump 21, the degassing tower liquid supply pump 24, the degassing tower circulating pump 26, the oil return delivery pump 29 and the loop reactor liquid supply pump 31 which are related to the lower treatment chamber 11 are bolted and detachably fixed on the floor of the lower treatment chamber 11, and are convenient to detach, maintain and replace.
The solid slag pot 22 related to the lower treatment chamber 11 adopts a rectangular structure, a forklift transportation hole is arranged below the solid slag pot 22, and the solid slag pot can be transported by a forklift when being fully loaded.
The small water storage tank 19, the small medicine storage tank 20, the mixed liquid temporary storage tank 27, the oil return temporary storage tank 28 and the liquid phase temporary storage tank 32 of the lower treatment chamber 11 are all made of PE materials.
The main tank 33 of the chemical agent relating to the lower treatment chamber 11 was made of stainless steel (not lower than SUS 316L).
The packed degassing column 25 associated with the lower treatment chamber 11 is equipped with an integrated heating facility.
As shown in fig. 5, the treatment chamber 12 of the apparatus mainly houses the specific treatment devices of the units of the apparatus. The upper treatment chamber 12 mainly comprises a stirring reaction kettle 35, a slurry pump 36, a flat centrifuge 37, a loop reactor 38, an oil-water separator 39, an electric control cabinet 40, an extractant recovery device 42, a loop reactor delivery pump 43, an agent-water separator 44, an active carbon adsorption device 45 and the like.
The slurry pump 36 and the loop reactor delivery pump 43 which are related to the upper treatment chamber 12 are bolted and detachably fixed on the upper treatment chamber 12, so that the upper treatment chamber is convenient to detach, maintain and replace.
Stainless steel (not lower than SUS316L) was used as the material of the reaction vessel 35 of the upper treatment chamber 12.
Because the height of the packing degassing tower 25 is higher than that of the lower treatment chamber 11, a packing degassing tower mounting hole 41 is reserved on the bottom surface of the floor of the upper treatment chamber 12. The design enables the filler degassing tower 25 to be placed in the upper treatment chamber 12 above the lower treatment chamber 11, thereby realizing the design purpose of flat stacking of the upper treatment chamber 12 and the lower treatment chamber 11.
The general flow diagram of the device of the invention when processing oil-based drill cuttings is shown in fig. 1, and the corresponding main device flow diagram is shown in fig. 2.
The oil-based drilling cuttings 5, the extracting agent 6 and the clean water 7 respectively enter the stirring reaction kettle 35 of the extraction unit 1, and are fully stirred and mixed. The slurry pump 36 pumps the mixed liquid into a flat centrifuge 37 of the solid-liquid separation unit 2 for solid-liquid separation, the solid phase is discharged into the solid residue tank 22 for temporary storage, and the liquid phase (the mixed liquid of the extracting agent, the extracted oil and the water) enters the extracted oil separation unit 3. The mixed liquid phase (mixture of extractant, extracted oil and water) discharged from the plate centrifuge 37 is subjected to the action of the circulating pump of the loop reactor 38 to extract the extractant and CO2The reaction is carried out sufficiently to make the extractant become hydrophilic and miscible with water, and the liquid phase after the reaction enters an oil-water separator 39 to separate the extracted oil from the water phase (the mixed liquid of the extractant and the water). The extraction oil enters the oil return temporary storage tank 28 for temporary storage, the water phase (the mixed liquid of the extraction agent and the water) enters the extraction agent recovery unit 4, the extraction agent is changed into a hydrophobic state under the action of the filler degassing tower 25, and the extraction agent and the water are respectively temporarily stored after being separated by the agent-water separator 44 until the next extraction process is reused.
The following is a detailed description of the apparatus in the preferred embodiment using an extractant, and the flow diagrams are shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
The structural formula of the extracting agent is as follows:
wherein R in the formula (I)1、R2Are all ethyl groups.
1) At room temperature (20-25 deg.C), 100kg of material (oil-based drill cuttings) was taken, wherein the solid content was 78.00%, oil was 20.00%, and water was 2.00%, as shown in Table 1.
Table 1 oil-based drill cuttings composition
| Oil-based drill cuttings composition | Oil content (%) | Content (%) | Water content (%) |
| Before |
20 | 78 | 2 |
2) Materials (oil-based drill cuttings): extracting agent: the water mass ratio is 1: 0.5: 0.25; the pH value of the mixed material is 9-10.
3) Introducing the materials into a stirring reaction kettle 35 through a material conveying device and an oil-based drilling cutting inlet 34 on the stirring reaction kettle 35, and pumping water from a water supply source by a reaction kettle water supply pump 16 in proportion and conveying the water into the stirring reaction kettle 35; the reaction kettle drug supply pump 17 is proportionally extracted from the drug main tank 33 and is conveyed into the stirring reaction kettle 35 through a pipeline; and after the materials, the water and the extracting agent in the stirring reaction kettle 35 are conveyed in proportion, stirring for 25-40 min.
4) After the stirring in the stirred tank reactor 35 is completed, the mixed liquid (containing the material, water and the extractant) is conveyed from the bottom of the stirred tank reactor 35 by the slurry pump 36 to the plate centrifuge 37 for solid-liquid separation. After a certain set time of operation, the flat centrifuge 37 automatically discharges the separated solid-liquid phase.
5) The liquid phase separated by the plate centrifuge 37 enters the centrifuge liquid phase temporary storage tank 32, and the separated solid phase residue enters the solid residue tank 22.
6) After the solid-phase residue in the solid residue tank 22 is filled, the solid residue tank 22 is forked by a fork truck to a subsequent treatment device for advanced treatment.
7) After the liquid phase separated by the flat centrifuge 37 is temporarily stored in the temporary storage tank 32 of the centrifuge for a period of time, the liquid phase is extracted by the loop reactor liquid supply pump 31 and is conveyed to the loop reactor 38 for reaction; with CO2The gas cabinet 30 supplies air to the loop reactor 38 while the blower is turned on to supply air to the packed degasser tower, specifically, air is supplied at a rate of 1.7-2.0L/min, density of 1.45g/L (25 ℃, 100kPa), air and CO2The dosage ratio is (0.9-1): (0.85-1). And performing extraction oil separation operation. The mixed liquid phase is repeatedly circulated by the loop reactor circulation pump 43 to sufficiently perform the extraction operation.
8) After the oil extraction operation is completed, the mixed liquid is sent to the oil-water separator 39 by the loop reactor circulating pump 43 for oil-water separation. The oil separated from the material flows into an oil return temporary storage tank 28 of the lower treatment chamber 11 through self weight, and is conveyed to a subsequent treatment unit for treatment by an oil return conveying pump 29 after reaching a certain storage amount.
9) The mixed aqueous phase separated in the loop reactor 38 flows into the mixed liquid temporary storage tank 27 of the lower treatment chamber 11 by self-weight, and is pumped by the degassing tower liquid feed pump 26 and pumped into the packed degassing tower 25 for degassing operation after reaching a certain storage amount. During the operation, the mixed aqueous phase is repeatedly pumped by the circulation pump 24 of the degassing tower, and at the same time, the heating means is turned on according to the operation conditions to improve the degassing efficiency.
10) The gaseous substance separated by the filler degassing tower 25 enters an extracting agent recovery device 42 for separation operation, the separated extracting agent enters an agent-water separator 44, and the separated gas enters an activated carbon adsorption device 45 for final treatment. The activated carbon in the activated carbon adsorption device 45 is periodically replaced.
11) After the circulation by the degassing tower circulation pump 24 is completed, the degassed mixed aqueous phase is pumped into the aqueous reagent separator 44.
12) The solvent-water separator 44 performs a solvent-water separation treatment operation on the extractant separated in the packed degassing tower 25 and the mixed water pumped by the degassing tower circulation pump 24.
13) The agent and water separated by the agent-water separator 44 flow into the water storage tank 19 and the medicine storage tank 20 according to the gravity distribution.
14) When the liquid phase in the small water storage tank 19 and the small medicine storage tank 20 reaches a certain amount, the reaction kettle water conveying pump 18 and the reaction kettle medicine conveying pump 21 are started to pump corresponding liquid phase to be supplied to the reaction kettle for circular reaction.
15) And the bottom of each liquid storage tank is provided with a drain valve and collected uniformly.
The treatment is carried out according to the flow, 40g of oil-containing drilling cuttings, 20g of extracting agent and 10g of tap water are added, and the performance indexes after the treatment are shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2 post-treatment Performance index
| Oil content of the residue% | Recovery rate of oil phase | Recovery rate of degreaser |
| 0.22 | 98.6 | 95.7 |
As can be seen from the data in tables 1 and 2: after the oil-containing drilling cuttings are treated, the oil content is reduced to 0.22% from 20%, the oil phase recovery rate and the oil removal agent recovery rate are both more than 95%, and the oil-containing drilling cuttings resource recovery and treatment are realized.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other variations or modifications may be made on the basis of the above description, and all embodiments may not be exhaustive, and all obvious variations or modifications may be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (25)
1. The utility model provides an oil base drill chip deoiling processing apparatus, its characterized in that, the device sets up in last process chamber and lower process chamber, includes: the device comprises an extraction unit, a solid-liquid separation unit, an extracted oil separation unit and an extractant recovery unit;
the extraction unit comprises: the device comprises a stirring reaction kettle, a reaction kettle water supply pump, a reaction kettle medicine supply pump and a main medicament box; the reaction kettle water supply pump supplies water to the stirring reaction kettle, and the reaction kettle medicine supply pump pumps the extractant in the main reagent box into the stirring reaction kettle; an oil-based drilling cutting inlet is formed in the top of the stirring reaction kettle; stirring and mixing the oil-based drilling cuttings, the extracting agent and water in the stirring reaction kettle to obtain slag slurry;
the solid-liquid separation unit includes: a flat centrifuge and a solid residue tank; the slag slurry enters the flat centrifuge for solid-liquid separation, and the obtained solid-phase residue is stored in the solid slag tank;
the extraction oil separation unit comprises: loop reactor, CO2The device comprises a gas holder, an oil-water separator and an oil return temporary storage tank; the liquid phase obtained by solid-liquid separation of the flat centrifuge enters a loop reactor, and CO simultaneously2Introducing CO into the loop reactor through a gas holder2Performing oil extraction operation; after the oil extraction operation is completed, the mixed liquid in the loop reactorThe oil phase enters the oil-water separator for oil-water separation, and the separated oil phase enters the oil return temporary storage tank;
the extractant recovery unit comprises: a filler degassing tower, a blower, an extractant recovery device and a hydro-separator; the air blower conveys air to the filler degassing tower, a mixed water phase obtained by oil-water separation of the oil-water separator enters the filler degassing tower for degassing, an obtained gas phase enters the extractant recovery device for separation operation, and a separated liquid extractant enters the solvent-water separator; the liquid phase obtained by the filler degassing tower enters the agent-water separator; the agent-water separator separates out a water phase and an organic phase, and the organic phase is an extracting agent;
the stirring reaction kettle, the flat centrifuge, the loop reactor, the oil-water separator, the extractant recovery device and the water-water separator are arranged in the upper treatment chamber;
the reaction kettle water supply pump, the reaction kettle medicine supply pump, the main medicament box, the slag solidification tank and the CO2The gas holder, the oil return temporary storage tank, the filler degassing tower and the blower are arranged in the lower treatment chamber.
2. The oil-based drill cutting oil removal treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the two treatment chambers are in a container structure.
3. The oil-based drill cutting oil removal treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the solid-liquid separation unit further comprises a slurry pump disposed in the upper treatment chamber; and the slurry pump conveys the slurry from the bottom of the stirring reaction kettle to a flat centrifuge.
4. The oil-based drill cutting oil removal treatment device according to claim 3, wherein the solid-liquid separation unit further comprises a centrifuge liquid phase temporary storage tank arranged in the lower treatment chamber; the extraction oil separation unit also comprises a loop reactor liquid supply pump arranged in the lower treatment chamber;
and the liquid phase separated by the flat centrifuge is temporarily stored in the centrifuge liquid phase temporary storage tank and is pumped by the loop reactor liquid feed pump and conveyed to the loop reactor for reaction.
5. The oil-based drill cutting oil removal treatment device according to claim 4, wherein the extraction oil separation unit further comprises a loop reactor circulation pump arranged in the upper treatment chamber and an oil return delivery pump arranged in the lower treatment chamber;
the loop reactor repeatedly circulates the mixed liquid through the circulating pump of the loop reactor so as to fully extract oil; after the oil extraction operation is finished, the mixed liquid is conveyed to the oil-water separator by the circulating pump of the loop reactor for oil-water separation; the separated oil phase flows into an oil return temporary storage tank of the lower treatment chamber through self weight, and is conveyed to a subsequent treatment unit for treatment by the oil return conveying pump after reaching a certain storage amount.
6. The oil-based drilling cutting oil removal treatment device according to claim 5, wherein the extraction oil separation unit further comprises a mixed liquid temporary storage tank arranged in the lower treatment chamber, and the extractant recovery unit further comprises a degassing tower liquid supply pump arranged in the lower treatment chamber;
and the mixed water phase separated by the loop reactor flows into a mixed liquid temporary storage tank of the lower treatment chamber through self weight, is pumped by the degassing tower liquid feed pump and is pumped into the packing degassing tower for degassing.
7. The oil-based drill cuttings oil removal treatment apparatus of claim 6, wherein the extractant recovery unit further comprises a degasser circulation pump disposed in the lower treatment chamber; during degassing, the circulating pump of the degassing tower repeatedly pumps the mixed water phase; and after the circulation operation of the degassing tower circulating pump is completed, pumping the degassed mixed water phase into the agent-water separator.
8. The oil-based drill cuttings oil removal treatment apparatus of claim 7, wherein the packed degasser comprises a heating device.
9. The oil-based drill cutting oil removal treatment device according to claim 8, wherein the extraction agent recovery unit further comprises an activated carbon adsorption device disposed in the upper treatment chamber;
and the gas separated by the extractant recovery device enters the activated carbon adsorption device for treatment and then is discharged.
10. The oil-based drill cutting oil removal treatment device according to claim 9, wherein the extractant recovery unit further comprises a small water storage tank, a small drug storage tank, a reaction kettle water delivery pump and a reaction kettle drug delivery pump which are arranged in the lower treatment chamber;
the extractant and the water separated by the agent-water separator respectively flow into the small medicine storage tank and the small water storage tank by means of self weight; and when the liquid phase in the small medicine storage tank and the small water storage tank reaches a certain amount, starting the reaction kettle medicine conveying pump and the reaction kettle water conveying pump to pump the corresponding liquid phase to be supplied to the stirring reaction kettle for circular reaction.
11. The oil-based drill cuttings oil removal treatment apparatus of claim 10, wherein the solid-liquid separation unit further comprises a slurry pump flush pump disposed in the lower treatment chamber.
12. The oil-based drill cutting oil removal treatment device according to claim 11, wherein the slurry pump flushing pump, the reaction kettle water supply pump, the reaction kettle chemical supply pump, the reaction kettle water delivery pump, the reaction kettle chemical delivery pump, the degassing tower liquid supply pump, the degassing tower circulating pump, the oil return delivery pump and the loop reactor liquid supply pump in the lower treatment chamber are all bolted and detachably fixed on the floor of the lower treatment chamber.
13. The oil-based drill cutting oil removal treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the solid residue tank is of a rectangular structure, and a forklift transportation hole is arranged below the solid residue tank.
14. The oil-based drill cutting oil removal treatment device according to claim 11, wherein the small water storage tank, the small medicine storage tank, the mixed liquid temporary storage tank, the oil return temporary storage tank and the centrifuge liquid-phase temporary storage tank are made of PE materials; the main medicament tank is made of stainless steel.
15. The oil-based drill cutting oil removal treatment device according to claim 3 or 5, wherein the slurry pump and the loop reactor circulating pump in the upper treatment chamber are bolted and detachably fixed.
16. The oil-based drill cutting oil removal treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the main material of the stirring reaction kettle is stainless steel.
17. The oil-based drill cutting oil removal treatment device according to claim 11, wherein the bottoms of the small water storage tank, the small medicine storage tank, the mixed liquid temporary storage tank, the oil return temporary storage tank, the liquid-phase temporary storage tank of the centrifugal machine and the main agent tank are provided with drain valves.
18. The oil-based drill cuttings oil removal treatment apparatus of claim 11, further comprising an automatic control system unit; the automatic control system includes: the device comprises a power control module, a data collection module and a display module;
the power control module controls the work of each device according to the instruction;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring data including temperature, time and flow in each device;
the display control module is used for receiving the instruction and displaying the instruction, the state of each device and the fault alarm and the acquired data.
19. The oil-based drill cutting oil removal treatment device according to claim 18, further comprising an electric control cabinet arranged in the upper treatment chamber, and a PLC automatic control system for controlling and realizing automatic operation of the device.
20. A treatment method using the oil-based drill cuttings oil removal treatment apparatus of claim 18, comprising the steps of:
1) under the condition of room temperature, adding the oil-based drilling cuttings, the extracting agent and water into a stirring reaction kettle according to a certain proportion for stirring operation;
2) after the stirring of the stirring reaction kettle is finished, the mixed liquid is conveyed to a flat centrifuge from the bottom of the stirring reaction kettle by a slurry pump for solid-liquid separation; after the operation for a certain set time, the flat centrifuge automatically discharges the separated solid-liquid phase, the separated liquid phase enters a centrifuge liquid phase temporary storage tank, and the separated solid phase residue enters a solid residue tank;
3) after solid-phase residues in the solid residue tank are filled, forking the solid residue tank to subsequent treatment equipment by a forklift for advanced treatment;
4) liquid phase separated by the flat centrifuge is temporarily stored in a temporary storage tank of the centrifuge for a period of time, and then is pumped by a liquid supply pump of the loop reactor and is conveyed to the loop reactor for reaction; when transporting the liquid phase, CO2Simultaneously opening a gas holder and a blower to respectively carry out CO treatment on the loop reactor2Supplying and supplying air to the filler degassing tower to extract oil; the mixed liquid phase is repeatedly circulated by a circulating pump of the loop reactor so as to fully perform extraction operation;
5) after the oil extraction operation is finished, the mixed liquid is conveyed to an oil-water separator by a circulating pump of the loop reactor for oil-water separation; the separated oil flows into an oil return temporary storage tank of the lower treatment chamber through self weight, and is conveyed to a subsequent treatment unit for treatment by an oil return conveying pump after reaching a certain storage amount;
6) the mixed water phase separated by the loop reactor flows into a mixed liquid temporary storage tank of the lower treatment chamber through self weight, is pumped by a liquid supply pump of the filler degassing tower after reaching a certain storage amount and is pumped into the degassing tower for degassing operation; during the operation, the mixed water phase is repeatedly pumped by a circulating pump of the degassing tower in a circulating mode;
7) the gaseous matter separated by the filler degassing tower enters an extractant recovery device for separation operation, the separated liquid extractant enters an extractant-water separator, and the separated gas enters an active carbon adsorption device for final treatment;
8) after the circulation operation of the circulation pump of the degassing tower is completed, pumping the degassed mixed water phase into the agent-water separator;
9) the agent-water separator carries out agent-water separation treatment operation on the extracting agent separated by the filler degassing tower and mixed water pumped by a circulating pump of the degassing tower;
10) the extractant and water separated by the solvent-water separator flow into the medicine storage small tank and the water storage small tank respectively by means of self weight.
21. The treatment method according to claim 20, wherein the mass ratio of the oil-based drill cuttings, the extracting agent and the water is (1-0.5): (0.5-0.8): (0.25-0.4).
22. The process of claim 20, wherein the air is supplied in an amount of 1.7 to 2.0L/min and has a density of 1.45g/L, and the air and CO are mixed together2The dosage ratio is (0.9-1): (0.85-1).
23. The process of claim 20, wherein in step 6), the heating device is turned on according to the operation condition to improve the degassing efficiency.
24. The process of claim 20, further comprising:
11) and when the liquid phase in the small water storage tank and the small medicine storage tank reaches a certain amount, starting the reaction kettle water conveying pump and the reaction kettle medicine conveying pump to extract the corresponding liquid phase to supply to the reaction kettle for cyclic reaction.
25. The process of any one of claims 20 to 24, wherein the extractant has the following structural formula:
wherein R in the formula (I)1、R2Each independently selected from methyl or ethyl.
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| US11603723B2 (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2023-03-14 | Nov Canada Ulc | Cuttings processing unit |
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