CN111635819A - Crude oil refining heat energy comprehensive utilization system - Google Patents
Crude oil refining heat energy comprehensive utilization system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111635819A CN111635819A CN202010393463.4A CN202010393463A CN111635819A CN 111635819 A CN111635819 A CN 111635819A CN 202010393463 A CN202010393463 A CN 202010393463A CN 111635819 A CN111635819 A CN 111635819A
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- heat exchanger
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/10—Refining fats or fatty oils by adsorption
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/12—Refining fats or fatty oils by distillation
- C11B3/14—Refining fats or fatty oils by distillation with the use of indifferent gases or vapours, e.g. steam
Abstract
The invention provides a crude oil refining heat energy comprehensive utilization system which comprises a crude oil heat exchanger entering a factory, wherein the crude oil heat exchanger of the factory is sequentially connected with a crude oil heater, a first centrifugal machine, a second centrifugal machine, a washing tank, a vacuum drying tank, a first oil inlet heat exchanger, a second oil inlet heat exchanger, a steam heater, a first efficient energy-saving heat exchanger, a second efficient energy-saving heat exchanger, a deodorizing oil heater and a final oil outlet cooling heat exchanger; the finished oil in the oil outlet pipe of the deodorizing oil heater is sequentially led into the deodorizing oil-saving heat exchanger, the efficient energy-saving heat exchanger II, the efficient energy-saving heat exchanger I, the oil inlet heat exchanger I, the centrifuge oil heater I and the raw oil heat exchanger entering the factory for heat exchange, and the heating medium outlet pipe of the raw oil heat exchanger entering the factory is connected with the final oil outlet cooling heat exchanger. The invention effectively utilizes the residual heat of the high-temperature product oil, reduces the heat discharged from the natural environment, uses most of the heat for the process and effectively improves the utilization efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of heat energy, in particular to a comprehensive utilization system of crude oil refining heat energy.
Background
Crude oil refers to primary oil obtained from animal or vegetable oil without refining. The crude oil has the advantages of simple processing technology, high impurity content, easy oxidation and deterioration, and is not suitable for long-term storage.
Crude oil is not refined, so that the problems of pesticide residue, heavy metal pollution and the like can exist, and harmful substances are contained. For example, the crude cotton oil contains gossypol, and people suffering from chronic gossypol poisoning often have fever, limb weakness, reduced appetite and even loss of labor capacity; gossypol can inhibit male spermatogenesis, and can cause male infertility; the raw peanut oil and the raw corn oil contain aflatoxin which is a strong carcinogenic substance, the allowable content of the refined oil is 20 micrograms per kilogram of edible oil, and the unrefined peanut oil can contain up to 600 micrograms; the rapeseed oil contains a large amount of erucic acid and sulfuric glucoside compounds, and the compounds can aggravate the disease of people suffering from cardiovascular diseases and can also cause goiter; the raw rice bran oil and the sunflower seed oil contain about 2 percent of nondigestible wax; soybean oil and rape oil contain 1% -3% phospholipids, which need to be refined and removed. The crude oil has the other characteristics of more foams, peculiar smell and large oil smoke during cooking and heating, and obviously influences the smell and the taste of cooked food.
The refined oil is finished oil which meets the national quality standard by refining the crude oil and removing impurities which are harmful to eating, storage and the like in the crude oil. The crude oil refining method comprises the following three methods: 1. mechanical method: comprises precipitation, filtration and centrifugal separation, and is mainly used for separating partial peptization impurities for mechanical impurities suspended in grease; 2. the chemical method comprises the following steps: the method mainly comprises acid refining and alkali refining, and also comprises esterification, oxidation and the like, wherein the acid refining is to treat with acid to mainly remove pigments and peptized impurities, the alkali refining is to treat with alkali to mainly remove free fatty acid, and the oxidation is mainly used for decolorization. 3. A physical and chemical method: mainly comprises hydration, decoloration, steam distillation and the like, wherein the hydration mainly removes phospholipid, the decoloration mainly removes pigment, and the steam distillation is used for removing odor substances and free fatty acid.
At present, when crude oil is refined, the heat energy of the obtained product oil is not fully utilized, so that a crude oil refining heat energy comprehensive utilization system is developed on the basis of ensuring the excellent refining effect of the crude oil, and the production energy consumption and the production cost can be effectively reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a crude oil refining heat energy comprehensive utilization system, which effectively utilizes the residual heat of high-temperature finished oil, reduces the heat discharged from the natural environment, enables most of the heat to be used for the process, and effectively improves the utilization efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a crude oil refining heat energy comprehensive utilization system comprises a crude oil heat exchanger entering a factory, a crude oil heater, a first centrifugal machine, a second centrifugal machine, a water washing tank, a vacuum drying tank, a first oil inlet heat exchanger, a second oil inlet heat exchanger, a steam heater, a first efficient energy-saving heat exchanger, a second efficient energy-saving heat exchanger, a deodorizing oil heater and a final oil outlet cooling heat exchanger;
the factory crude oil heat exchanger is sequentially connected with a crude oil heater, a first centrifugal machine, a second centrifugal machine, a water washing tank, a vacuum drying tank, a first oil inlet heat exchanger, a second oil inlet heat exchanger, a steam heater, a first efficient energy-saving heat exchanger, a second efficient energy-saving heat exchanger, a deodorizing oil heater and a final oil outlet cooling heat exchanger;
an oil outlet pipe of the deodorizing oil heater is connected with a heating medium inlet pipe of the deodorizing oil energy-saving heat exchanger, a heating medium outlet pipe of the deodorizing oil energy-saving heat exchanger is connected with a heating medium inlet pipe of the high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger II, a heating medium outlet pipe of the high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger II is connected with a heating medium inlet pipe of the high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger I, a heating medium outlet pipe of the high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger I is connected with a heating medium inlet pipe of the oil inlet heat exchanger I, a heating medium outlet pipe of the oil inlet heat exchanger I is connected with a heating medium inlet pipe of the centrifuge machine oil heater I in the centrifuge machine I, a heating medium outlet pipe of the centrifuge machine oil heater I is connected with a heating medium inlet pipe of the crude oil heat exchanger entering a factory, and a heating medium outlet pipe of the crude oil heat.
Preferably, the raw oil heat exchanger entering the factory, the oil inlet heat exchanger I, the oil inlet heat exchanger II, the high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger I, the high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger II, the deodorizing oil energy-saving heat exchanger and the final oil outlet cooling heat exchanger are all plate heat exchangers or shell and tube heat exchangers.
Preferably, the final oil outlet cooling heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.
Preferably, the temperature of the crude oil entering the crude oil heat exchanger of the factory is 15-35 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature of the crude oil entering the crude oil heat exchanger of the factory is 20-28 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature of the product oil led out from the heating medium outlet pipe of the crude oil heat exchanger of the factory is below 45 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adds each heat exchanger in the crude oil refining system, effectively utilizes the residual heat of the high-temperature finished oil and reduces the heat discharged from the natural environment. The residual temperature of the high-temperature product oil gradually increases the oil temperature of the oil to be treated in the refining process, so that the use amount of heating steam can be effectively reduced, the production energy consumption is greatly reduced, the production cost is effectively reduced, and the economic benefit of an enterprise is improved.
2. Compared with sectional heat exchange, the invention can fully utilize the residual heat of high-temperature product oil by adopting continuous heat transfer, so that most of heat is used for the process, and the utilization efficiency is effectively improved. And the temperature of the cost oil led out from the heating medium outlet pipe of the crude oil heat exchanger entering the factory is obviously reduced, the cooling tower is not needed for cooling treatment, and the heat exchanger can be used for cooling the final product oil. The temperature of the finished oil entering the final oil outlet cooling heat exchanger is low, so that the energy consumption of the final oil outlet cooling heat exchanger is reduced,
3. the crude oil refining system corresponding to the crude oil refining heat energy comprehensive utilization system has good treatment effect on the crude oil, and the obtained product oil meets the national quality standard.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. raw oil entering a factory is subjected to heat exchange; 2. a crude oil heater; 3. a first oil heater of the centrifuge; 4. a second oil heater of the centrifuge; 5. a water washing tank; 6. a vacuum drying tank; 7. an oil inlet heat exchanger I; 8. an oil inlet heat exchanger II; 9. a steam heater; 10. a high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger I; 11. a second high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger; 12. the deodorizing oil energy-saving heat exchanger; 13. a deodorized oil heater; 14. and finally, an oil outlet cooling heat exchanger.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a crude oil refining heat energy comprehensive utilization system comprises a crude oil heat exchanger 1 entering a factory, a crude oil heater 2, a first centrifuge 3, a second centrifuge 4, a water washing tank 5, a vacuum drying tank 6, a first oil inlet heat exchanger 7, a second oil inlet heat exchanger 8, a steam heater 9, a first efficient energy-saving heat exchanger 10, a second efficient energy-saving heat exchanger 11, a deodorizing oil energy-saving heat exchanger 12, a deodorizing oil heater 13 and a final oil outlet cooling heat exchanger 14.
The factory crude oil heat exchanger 1 is sequentially connected with a crude oil heater 2, a first centrifugal machine 3, a second centrifugal machine 4, a water washing tank 5, a vacuum drying tank 6, a first oil inlet heat exchanger 7, a second oil inlet heat exchanger 8, a steam heater 9, a first efficient energy-saving heat exchanger 10, a second efficient energy-saving heat exchanger 11, a deodorizing oil-saving heat exchanger 12, a deodorizing oil heater 13 and a final oil outlet cooling heat exchanger 14.
An oil outlet pipe of the deodorizing oil heater 13 is connected with a heating medium inlet pipe of the deodorizing oil-saving heat exchanger 12, a heating medium outlet pipe of the deodorizing oil-saving heat exchanger 12 is connected with a heating medium inlet pipe of the second high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger 11, a heating medium outlet pipe of the second high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger 11 is connected with a heating medium inlet pipe of the first high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger 10, a heating medium outlet pipe of the first high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger 10 is connected with a heating medium inlet pipe of the first oil inlet heat exchanger 7, a heating medium outlet pipe of the first oil inlet heat exchanger 7 is connected with a heating medium inlet pipe of a first centrifuge engine oil heater 15 in the first centrifuge 3, a heating medium outlet pipe of the first centrifuge engine oil heater 15 is connected with a heating medium inlet pipe of a crude oil heat exchanger 1 entering a factory, and a heating medium outlet pipe of the crude.
The raw oil entering heat exchanger 1, the oil inlet heat exchanger I7, the oil inlet heat exchanger II 8, the efficient energy-saving heat exchanger I10, the efficient energy-saving heat exchanger II 11, the deodorizing oil-saving heat exchanger 12 and the final oil outlet cooling heat exchanger 14 are plate heat exchangers or shell and tube heat exchangers. Preferably, the final oil outlet temperature-reducing heat exchanger 14 is a plate heat exchanger.
The temperature of the crude oil entering the crude oil heat exchanger 1 is 15-35 ℃. Preferably, the temperature of the crude oil entering the crude oil heat exchanger 1 of the factory is 20-28 ℃.
In the invention, the temperature of the product oil led out from the heating medium outlet pipe of the crude oil heat exchanger 1 of the factory is controlled below 45 ℃.
The invention relates to a crude oil refining heat energy comprehensive utilization system, which comprises the following corresponding refining processes: the crude oil is led into a factory crude oil heat exchanger 1 for preheating and then led into a crude oil heater 2 for heating, then the heated crude oil is sequentially centrifuged for the first time by a first centrifuge 3 (containing a first centrifuge oil heater 15), then a second centrifugal treatment is carried out by adopting a second centrifugal machine 4, after the centrifugal treatment, the water is washed by adopting a water washing tank 5, then the vacuum drying is carried out by adopting a vacuum drying tank 6, and then the oil enters an oil inlet heat exchanger I7 for primary preheating, then an oil inlet heat exchanger II 8 is used for secondary preheating, then a steam heater 9 is used for steam heating, after heating, the high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger I10 and the high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger II 11 are sequentially heated further, and then the temperature is raised through a deodorizing oil-saving heat exchanger 12, so that the oil enters a deodorizing oil heater 13, and deodorizing treatment is completed under low energy consumption, and refined product oil is obtained.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
in the crude oil refining heat energy comprehensive utilization system, the crude oil heat exchanger 1 entering the factory, the first oil inlet heat exchanger 7, the second oil inlet heat exchanger 8, the first high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger 10, the second high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger 11, the deodorizing oil energy-saving heat exchanger 12 and the final oil outlet cooling heat exchanger 14 are all plate heat exchangers.
The crude oil is crude peanut oil, and the original temperature of the crude peanut oil is 25 ℃. The crude oil is introduced into a crude oil heat exchanger 1 of a factory for preheating, the temperature reaches 40.6 ℃ after preheating, and then introduced into a crude oil heater 2 for heating, and the temperature reaches 42.3 ℃ after heating. Then sequentially carrying out primary centrifugal treatment on the heated crude oil by adopting a first centrifugal machine 3 to ensure that the temperature of the oil product after the centrifugal treatment is 82.6 ℃, and then carrying out secondary centrifugal treatment by adopting a second centrifugal machine 4, wherein the temperature of the oil product after the centrifugal treatment is 85.2 ℃; after the centrifugal treatment, the mixture is washed by a washing tank 5, and the temperature after washing is 95 ℃. And then vacuum drying is carried out by adopting a vacuum drying tank 6, and the temperature is 96.5 ℃ after vacuum drying. And then the mixture enters an oil inlet heat exchanger I7 for primary preheating, the temperature after preheating is 115 ℃, and then an oil inlet heat exchanger II 8 is used for secondary preheating, and the temperature after preheating is 116.2 ℃. Then, a steam heater 9 is adopted for steam heating, and the temperature after steam heating is 134.2 ℃. After heating, the high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger I10 (the temperature is raised to 186.2 ℃) and the high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger II 11 (the temperature is raised to 196.2 ℃) are sequentially heated, and then the temperature is raised to 214 ℃ through the deodorizing oil-saving heat exchanger 12. Then the oil product enters a deodorizing oil heater 13 to obtain the finished oil after the deodorizing treatment is finished.
Then the refined product oil (the temperature is 240.3 ℃) is led into a heating medium inlet pipe of the deodorizing oil-saving heat exchanger 12, and the temperature of the product oil after heat exchange of the deodorizing oil-saving heat exchanger 12 is 207 ℃. And then, the temperature of the finished oil after heat exchange by the second high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger 11 is 200.2 ℃, and the temperature of the finished oil after heat exchange by the first high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger 10 is 120 ℃. The temperature of the product oil after heat exchange in the oil inlet heat exchanger I7 is 99.7 ℃. The temperature of the finished oil after heat exchange of the first 15 centrifuge oil heater is 59 ℃. The temperature of the finished oil after heat exchange in the crude oil heat exchanger 1 is 42.4 ℃, and then the finished oil is cooled by the final oil outlet cooling heat exchanger 14.
Through the operation, the temperature of the finished oil before entering the final cooling heater is 42.4 ℃, the temperature difference between the finished oil and the crude oil is 17.4 ℃, and the available temperature difference is 25 ℃. The smaller the temperature difference, the more steam can be saved.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A crude oil refining heat energy comprehensive utilization system is characterized by comprising a crude oil heat exchanger (1) entering a factory, a crude oil heater (2), a first centrifugal machine (3), a second centrifugal machine (4), a water washing tank (5), a vacuum drying tank (6), a first oil inlet heat exchanger (7), a second oil inlet heat exchanger (8), a steam heater (9), a first efficient energy-saving heat exchanger (10), a second efficient energy-saving heat exchanger (11), a deodorizing oil energy-saving heat exchanger (12), a deodorizing oil heater (13) and a final oil outlet cooling heat exchanger (14);
the factory crude oil heat exchanger (1) is sequentially connected with a crude oil heater (2), a centrifuge I (3), a centrifuge II (4), a water washing tank (5), a vacuum drying tank (6), an oil inlet heat exchanger I (7), an oil inlet heat exchanger II (8), a steam heater (9), a high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger I (10), a high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger II (11), an odorless oil energy-saving heat exchanger (12), an odorless oil heater (13) and a final oil outlet cooling heat exchanger (14);
an oil outlet pipe of the deodorizing oil heater (13) is connected with a heating medium inlet pipe of the deodorizing oil energy-saving heat exchanger (12), a heating medium outlet pipe of the deodorizing oil-saving heat exchanger (12) is connected with a heating medium inlet pipe of the high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger II (11), a heating medium outlet pipe of the second high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger (11) is connected with a heating medium inlet pipe of the first high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger (10), a heating medium outlet pipe of the first high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger (10) is connected with a heating medium inlet pipe of the first oil inlet heat exchanger (7), a heating medium outlet pipe of the oil inlet heat exchanger I (7) is connected with a heating medium inlet pipe of a centrifuge engine oil heater I (15) in the centrifuge I (3), a heating medium outlet pipe of the first centrifuge engine oil heater (15) is connected with a heating medium inlet pipe of the factory crude oil heat exchanger (1), and a heating medium outlet pipe of the crude oil heat exchanger (1) entering the factory is connected with the final oil outlet cooling heat exchanger (14).
2. The crude oil refining heat energy comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the crude oil heat exchanger (1) entering the factory, the first oil inlet heat exchanger (7), the second oil inlet heat exchanger (8), the first high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger (10), the second high-efficiency energy-saving heat exchanger (11), the deodorizing oil energy-saving heat exchanger (12) and the final oil outlet cooling heat exchanger (14) are all plate heat exchangers or tube heat exchangers.
3. The crude oil refining heat energy comprehensive utilization system according to claim 2, wherein the final oil outlet temperature-reducing heat exchanger (14) is a plate heat exchanger.
4. The crude oil refining heat energy comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the crude oil entering the crude oil heat exchanger (1) of the factory is 15-35 ℃.
5. The crude oil refining heat energy comprehensive utilization system according to claim 4, characterized in that the temperature of the crude oil entering the crude oil heat exchanger (1) of the factory is 20-28 ℃.
6. The crude oil refining heat energy comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the product oil led out from the heating medium outlet pipe of the crude oil heat exchanger (1) of the plant is below 45 ℃.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112662471A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-16 | 郑州远洋油脂工程技术有限公司 | Energy-saving and consumption-reducing process in grease dewaxing fractionation process |
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| CN101560441A (en) * | 2009-01-20 | 2009-10-21 | 厦门中盛粮油集团有限公司 | Heat recovery device and method thereof in oil and fat refining process |
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