CN111635492A

CN111635492A - Production process of polycarboxylate superplasticizer

Info

Publication number: CN111635492A
Application number: CN202010624860.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 阮洪海; 王国兴; 夏浙东; 钟振海
Original assignee: Zhejiang Huixiang Chemical Industry Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Huixiang Chemical Industry Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-02
Filing date: 2020-07-02
Publication date: 2020-09-08

Abstract

The invention discloses a production process of a polycarboxylate superplasticizer, which comprises the following steps of adding polyether accounting for 20-50% of the total proportion of a total solution into a reaction box at normal temperature, adding water accounting for 30-71.7% of the total proportion of the total solution, dissolving, and polymerizing free radicals: dripping acrylic acid accounting for 3-7.5% of the total proportion of the solution after dissolution into the solution, starting dripping thioglycolic acid accounting for 0.3% of the total proportion of the solution after dripping is finished, and carrying out grafting reaction: heating the solution subjected to free radical polymerization until the temperature reaches 80-85 ℃, and dropwise adding a mixture for one and a half hours, wherein the mixture is formed by mixing ammonium persulfate accounting for 0.5 percent of the total proportion of the solution and water accounting for 4.5-10.5 percent of the total proportion of the solution, and preserving the heat: the solution after grafting reaction is kept at 80 ℃ for one and a half hours to two hours.

Description

Production process of polycarboxylate superplasticizer

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of water reducer manufacturing, and particularly relates to a production process of a polycarboxylic acid water reducer.

Background

The water reducing agent can maintain the workability of cement paste, mortar and concrete unchanged and reduce the mixing water consumption, and can obviously improve the strength of the concrete, improve the frost resistance and impermeability of the concrete or reduce the cement consumption. Several water reducing agents commonly used in the current market are: sodium lignosulphonate water reducing agent, naphthalene high-efficiency water reducing agent, aliphatic high-efficiency water reducing agent, amino high-efficiency water reducing agent, polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent and the like. The polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent is a concrete superplasticizer (water reducing agent) which is the forefront in the world at present, has the highest technological content, the best application prospect and the optimal comprehensive performance.

At present, most polycarboxylic acid water reducing agents are prepared by esterifying methoxy polyethylene glycol to synthesize a macromonomer and copolymerizing the macromonomer with other monomers, a water carrying agent in the esterification process usually adopts benzene or toluene, and benzene or toluene steam is a toxic substance. The research and development of the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent are comprehensively considered from multiple aspects such as concrete performance, price, environmental protection, sustainable development and the like, and the research of the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent which is developed towards high performance, multiple functions and ecology, has low price and simple synthesis process and has important significance for the progress of concrete materials and construction engineering in China.

Patent CN101186460A discloses a polycarboxylic acid water reducer using allyl polyethylene glycol as a raw material and a synthesis method thereof. The synthesis method comprises the following steps of sequentially adding allyl polyethylene glycol, maleic anhydride, methyl acrylate and water into a reaction kettle, introducing nitrogen for protection, adding ammonium persulfate or stannous sulfate, reacting for 6 hours at 90 ℃, adding 50% sodium hydroxide solution, and adjusting the pH value to 7. The method needs to introduce nitrogen in the synthesis process and control the pH value, is not easy to control the reaction, increases the production cost, and has common dispersion effect and higher mixing amount.

When the water reducer is prepared, the adding and controlling amount of various components is very important, the weight of a good finished product needs to be accurately controlled on raw materials, the conventional water reducer production usually adopts a manual adding mode when the raw materials are added, the adding amount and the adding speed of the water reducer cannot be controlled by manual operation, the problems of excessive adding and the like are easily caused under the condition of no attention, certain influence is generated on the quality of the finished water reducer, and meanwhile, the production cost of the water reducer is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a production process of a polycarboxylate superplasticizer, which aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and reduce the production cost.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a production process of a polycarboxylate superplasticizer comprises the following steps of adding polyether accounting for 20-50% of the total proportion of a total solution into a reaction box at normal temperature, adding water accounting for 30-71.7% of the total proportion of the total solution, dissolving, and polymerizing by free radicals: dripping acrylic acid accounting for 3-7.5% of the total proportion of the solution after dissolution into the solution, starting dripping thioglycolic acid accounting for 0.3% of the total proportion of the solution after dripping is finished, and carrying out grafting reaction: heating the solution subjected to free radical polymerization until the temperature reaches 80-85 ℃, and dropwise adding a mixture for one and a half hours, wherein the mixture is formed by mixing ammonium persulfate accounting for 0.5 percent of the total proportion of the solution and water accounting for 4.5-10.5 percent of the total proportion of the solution, and preserving the heat: keeping the temperature of the solution subjected to the grafting reaction at 80 ℃ for one half hour to two hours;

the side wall of the reaction box is provided with a discharging pipe, the reaction box is provided with a heating block, a transmission shaft is arranged in the reaction box, a stirring rod is arranged on the transmission shaft, the side wall of the reaction box is provided with a heat preservation layer, the top of the reaction box is provided with a plurality of feed inlets, the top of the reaction box is provided with a plurality of connecting pipes matched with the feed inlets, the top of each connecting pipe is provided with a storage box, the side wall of each connecting pipe is provided with a first through groove, a fixing plate is arranged in each first through groove, a supporting plate is arranged in each connecting pipe, each supporting plate is provided with a connecting shaft, each connecting shaft penetrates through the storage box, the bottom of each supporting plate is provided with a guide block; when the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is prepared, polyether and water are added into a reaction box, a transmission shaft drives a stirring rod to rotate, and the polyether and the water are mixed in the reaction box; placing acrylic acid into one of the material storage boxes, then placing a mixture of thioglycollic acid, ammonium sulfate and water into the other material storage box, pushing the connecting shaft to drive the supporting plate to move, and determining the position of the supporting plate according to the required dropwise adding amount; after the position of the supporting plate is determined, liquid in the storage box enters the connecting pipe, the liquid in the connecting pipe moves downwards from the feed opening, the liquid is adhered to slide downwards along the guide block, the liquid is dripped into the reaction box, the corresponding liquid is sequentially added into the reaction box according to the sequence, and after the preparation of the polycarboxylate water reducer is completed, the polycarboxylate water reducer is discharged from the discharge pipe to obtain a primary finished polycarboxylate water reducer.

The required raw material liquid is stored in the storage tank, so that frequent raw material addition is avoided, the reaction tank can be used for continuously preparing the water reducing agent, a factory mass production mode is adapted, continuous operation of equipment is ensured, and the production efficiency of the water reducing agent is improved; the volume of the connecting pipe is adjusted by adjusting the position of the supporting plate, so that the liquid filled in the connecting pipe every time is the total amount of the liquid to be dripped, the situation of excessive liquid dripping is avoided, the dripped raw materials are accurately and quantitatively controlled, and unnecessary waste is avoided; the reaction box is in a sealed state integrally by placing the raw materials in the material storage box, so that the influence of air entering the reaction box on the reaction is avoided, and the reaction box is matched with the heat insulation layer to provide a good heat insulation effect for the reaction box; play the guard action through the storage case to the raw materials, avoid light to penetrate directly on the raw materials, prevent that the raw materials from decomposing because of long-term illumination, reduce water-reducing agent manufacturing cost. (ii) a Under the action of the fixing plate, the position of the supporting plate is fixed, and the supporting plate is fixed at any position on the connecting pipe, so that the required capacity of the connecting pipe is obtained, and the application range of the reaction box is enlarged; under the setting of the guide block, liquid in the connecting pipe is added into the reaction box in a liquid drop mode so as to control the speed of dropping liquid drops, so that the liquid is added into the reaction box in a uniform speed state, the reaction is ensured to be carried out stably, and the quality of a finished product of the water reducing agent is ensured.

And cooling the heat-preserved water to 50 ℃, pumping the water into a compounding pool, adding an additive, adding water for dilution, and pumping the compounded solution into a finished product tank.

The above steps are all carried out in a closed state.

The bottom of the storage box is provided with a first movable cavity, the bottom of the storage box is provided with a plurality of first through holes, and baffles matched with the first through holes are arranged in the first movable cavity; a sealing plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feed opening, and a first supporting spring matched with the sealing plate is arranged on the inner wall of the feed opening; a first air conveying cavity is arranged on the connecting shaft, a second air conveying cavity communicated with the first air conveying cavity is arranged on the supporting plate, a second movable cavity communicated with the blanking port is further arranged on the supporting plate, a third movable cavity communicated with the second air conveying cavity is arranged at the top of the second movable cavity, a first push rod is arranged in the second movable cavity, a first push plate is arranged on the first push rod and arranged in the third movable cavity, and a reset spring is arranged on the first push plate; after liquid is filled into the storage box, the position of the supporting plate is adjusted according to the required dropwise adding amount, after the position of the supporting plate is fixed, the baffle is moved away from the first through hole, the liquid in the storage box enters the connecting pipe from the first through hole, the connecting pipe is filled with the liquid, the baffle seals the first through hole, air enters the first air transmission cavity, the air enters the third movable cavity through the second air transmission cavity, the air pushes the first push plate to move along the inner wall of the third movable cavity, the first push rod moves along the direction of the feed opening along the first push plate, the first push rod pushes the sealing plate to rotate, the sealing plate rotates to form an inclined plane, the liquid in the connecting pipe falls out from the feed opening, the liquid is dropwise added into the reaction box along the guide block, and the preparation of the polycarboxylic acid water reducer is completed.

A first groove is formed in the bottom of the first through groove, a second supporting spring is arranged in the first groove, a supporting block is arranged at the top of the second supporting spring, a first sliding groove is formed in the inner wall of the first through groove, a first sliding block is arranged in the first sliding groove, a first connecting rod is arranged on the side wall of the fixing plate, and the first connecting rod penetrates through the first sliding block; a plurality of first connecting plates are arranged on the connecting shaft, second connecting rods are arranged at the bottoms of the first connecting plates, a plurality of connecting holes matched with the second connecting rods are arranged on the supporting plate, and fixing rings matched with the second connecting rods are arranged in the connecting holes; an opening is formed in the side wall of the connecting pipe, and a sealing door is arranged at the opening; when wasing the connecting pipe, down promote the connecting axle, with backup pad propelling movement to opening one side, take out the backup pad from the opening, down promote the supporting shoe, up stimulate the connecting axle, down promote the fixed plate simultaneously, the upset fixed plate, the fixed plate rotates 180, does the clearance on the fixed plate inner wall, pours into the connecting pipe into the clear water into the connecting pipe afterwards, does the clearance to the connecting pipe inner wall, accomplishes the washing of connecting pipe.

The invention has the following advantages:

1. in order to improve the production efficiency, a manufacturer can produce the water reducer according to the production concentration of 40-50%, and the value range of polyether can be 20-50%, so that the water reducer product with the solid content of 20-50% can be produced, and the value range of the concentration of the water reducer product is large and basically meets the actual requirements of working conditions;

2. the value range of water can be between 40.5% and 76.2%, the value range of corresponding acrylic acid can be between 3% and 7.5%, the value range of thioglycolic acid can be between 0.3% and 0.75%, and the value range of ammonium persulfate can be between 0.5% and 1.25%; the proportion of water can be adjusted during production, when the proportion exceeds 100 percent, the excess amount can be deducted from the proportion of water, and the adjustment range of the raw material dosage is very flexible in the process of producing the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent;

3. the whole process is melting → free radical polymerization → grafting reaction → heat preservation → compounding, polyether and acrylic acid are main materials, thioglycollic acid is added into the melted main materials to play a role of a chain transfer agent, and ammonium persulfate is added to play a role of an initiator so as to complete grafting of a main chain and a side chain on a group, the whole process is very simple in production process, nitrogen protection is not needed, the cost is low, in actual engineering, if low-alkali cement is needed by a user, the pH value is not needed to be adjusted, and if high-alkali cement is needed by the user, liquid alkali can be added into a solution to adjust the pH value to 7-8;

4. the temperature is controlled so that the molecular weight of the polymer can be controlled between 5000-10000, the polymer does not react when the temperature is too low, and the polymer is not easy to control when the temperature is too high; the dropping time is controlled, the dropping is too fast, the material reacts violently, workers are not easy to control, and the dropping is too slow and is not necessary; the heat preservation time is too short, the materials are not completely reacted, the heat preservation is carried out for one half hour to 2 hours, and the materials are basically reacted stably; the heat preservation temperature is selected to control the molecular weight of the material, and the dispersibility (water reducing performance) of the product is influenced by over-low or over-high molecular weight; the heat preservation is carried out for a long time so as to complete the reaction;

5. the workability, strength, durability and the like of concrete can not be solved only by the water reducing effect of the water reducing agent, and additives of different materials in different amounts are added into the water reducing agent mother liquor according to specific requirements, and the water reducing agent mother liquor is used in the concrete after being changed into a finished product, so that the additives with proper types and proper amount can be added according to different performance requirements on cement, and the practicability of the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is greatly improved.

6. Through the adjustment to the backup pad position, do the adjustment to the capacity of connecting pipe, the liquid that makes the dress at every turn in the connecting pipe all is the liquid total amount that needs the dropwise add, avoids appearing the too much condition of liquid dropwise add, does accurate quantitative control to the raw materials of dropwise add, has avoided unnecessary extravagant.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a reaction tank of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a right side view of the reaction chamber of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along a-a in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of fig. 3 at B.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of fig. 3 at C.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 2.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of fig. 7 at D.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of fig. 8 at E.

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line P-P in fig. 2.

Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of fig. 10 at F.

Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line M-M of fig. 2.

Fig. 13 is an enlarged view at G in fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of fig. 2.

Fig. 15 is an enlarged view of fig. 14 at H.

Fig. 16 is an enlarged view at I in fig. 15.

FIG. 17 is a front view of a reaction chamber of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along F-F in fig. 17.

Fig. 19 is an enlarged view at J in fig. 18.

Fig. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along G-G in fig. 17.

Fig. 21 is an enlarged view at K in fig. 20.

Fig. 22 is an enlarged view at L in fig. 21.

Fig. 23 is a cross-sectional view taken along line Q-Q of fig. 17.

Fig. 24 is an enlarged view of fig. 23 at M.

Detailed Description

Example 1:

a production process of a polycarboxylate superplasticizer comprises the following steps:

(1) melting: at normal temperature, adding polyether accounting for 20 percent of the total proportion of the total solution into a reaction box, and then adding water accounting for 7 percent of 1.7 percent of the total proportion of the total solution for dissolving;

(2) free radical polymerization: dripping acrylic acid accounting for 3 percent of the total proportion of the solution into the dissolved solution, and starting dripping thioglycolic acid accounting for 0.3 percent of the total proportion of the solution after finishing dripping;

(3) grafting reaction: heating the solution subjected to free radical polymerization until the temperature reaches 80-85 ℃, and dropwise adding a mixture for one and a half hours, wherein the mixture is formed by mixing ammonium persulfate accounting for 0.5 percent of the total weight of the solution and water accounting for 4.5 percent of the total weight of the solution;

(4) and (3) heat preservation: keeping the temperature of the solution subjected to the grafting reaction at 80 ℃ for one half hour to two hours;

(5) compounding: cooling the heat-insulated semi-finished product solution to 50 ℃, pumping the heat-insulated semi-finished product solution into a compound pool, adding a certain amount of additive (wherein, according to different actual production requirements, the types and dosages of the additive to be added are different, the mixing amount of the same additive is also changed greatly according to different requirements of customers or seasons, for example, the larger the mixing amount of the retarding additive is, the longer the setting time of concrete is, sodium gluconate is one of the retarding agents, so that if the setting time of concrete needs to be prolonged, the heat-insulated semi-finished product solution can be cooled to 50 ℃, pumped into the compound pool, and sodium gluconate is added to prolong the setting time of concrete, and an air entraining agent is used for improving the durability of concrete, has the function of water retention and can improve the pumping performance of concrete, so if the durability or/and the pumping performance of concrete need to be improved, cooling the heat-insulated semi-finished product solution to 50 ℃, then pumping the solution into a compounding pool, adding an air entraining agent, wherein the mixing amount of the air entraining agent is about 0.5 percent of the finished product, the air entraining amount in concrete is controlled to be 2-5 percent, the air entraining agent comprises rosin thermopolymer, sodium lignosulfonate, triterpenoid saponin, dodecyl sulfonate, sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene sulfonate, protein salt and other types, and a producer can select the type of the air entraining agent to be fed in per se according to actual needs), adding water for dilution, and pumping the compounded solution into a finished product for filling;

the above five steps are all carried out in a closed state.

As shown in fig. 1-24, a discharge pipe 11 is disposed on a side wall of the reaction box 1, the reaction box 1 is provided with a heating block 13, a transmission shaft 14 is disposed in the reaction box 1, a stirring rod 141 is disposed on the transmission shaft 14, a heat insulating layer 12 is disposed on the side wall of the reaction box 1, the heat insulating layer is a hollow layer, which can effectively prevent temperature exchange between the inside and the outside of the reaction box, the top of the reaction box 1 is provided with a plurality of feed inlets 15, the top of the reaction box 1 is provided with a plurality of connecting pipes 3 matched with the feed inlets 15, the top of the connecting pipes 3 is provided with a storage box 2, in this embodiment, three raw materials need to be dropped, so that three groups; a first through groove is formed in the side wall of the connecting pipe 3, a fixing plate 31 is arranged in the first through groove, a supporting plate 5 is arranged in the connecting pipe 3, a connecting shaft 4 is arranged on the supporting plate 5, the connecting shaft 4 is arranged in the material storage box 2 in a penetrating mode, a guide block 55 is arranged at the bottom of the supporting plate 5, the guide block is of a conical structure, liquid flowing to the guide block falls into the reaction box from the middle position of the feeding hole along the guide block, and the liquid is prevented from being adhered to the inner wall of the feeding hole; two groups of feed openings 54 are arranged above the guide block 55 and are arranged along the circumference of the top surface of the guide block; when the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is prepared, polyether and water are added into the reaction box 1, the transmission shaft 14 drives the stirring rod 141 to rotate, and the polyether and the water are mixed in the reaction box 1; placing acrylic acid into one of the material storage boxes 2, then placing a mixture of thioglycolic acid, ammonium sulfate and water into the other material storage box 2, pushing the connecting shaft 4 to drive the supporting plate 5 to move, and determining the position of the supporting plate 5 according to the required dropwise adding amount; after the position of the supporting plate 5 is determined, liquid in the storage tank 2 enters the connecting pipe 3, the liquid in the connecting pipe 3 moves downwards from the feed opening 54, the liquid is adhered to slide downwards along the guide block 55, the liquid is dripped into the reaction tank 1, the corresponding liquid is sequentially added into the reaction tank 1 according to the sequence, and after the preparation of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is completed, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer discharging pipe 11 is discharged to obtain a primary finished polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

A first movable cavity 23 is arranged at the bottom of the material storage box 2, a plurality of first through holes 22 are arranged at the bottom of the material storage box 2, a baffle plate 24 matched with the first through holes 22 is arranged in the first movable cavity 23, a connecting ring is arranged at one end of the baffle plate, and the baffle plate is driven to move when the connecting ring rotates, so that the opening and closing of the first through holes are controlled; a sealing plate 541 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feed opening 54, a first supporting spring 542 matched with the sealing plate 541 is arranged on the inner wall of the feed opening 54, one end of the sealing plate is abutted against the inner wall of the feed opening under the action of the first supporting spring, and the feed opening is sealed so as to control the amount of liquid in the connecting pipe; elastic materials such as rubber pads and the like can be added at one end of the sealing plate, so that the sealing effect of the sealing plate on the feed opening is ensured; a first air transmission cavity 42 is arranged on the connecting shaft 4, a second air transmission cavity 540 communicated with the first air transmission cavity 42 is arranged on the supporting plate 5, a second movable cavity communicated with the feed opening 54 is further arranged on the supporting plate 5, a third movable cavity 55 communicated with the second air transmission cavity 540 is arranged at the top of the second movable cavity, a first push rod 56 is arranged in the second movable cavity, a first push plate 562 is arranged on the first push rod 56, the first push plate 562 is arranged in the third movable cavity 55, and a reset spring 561 is arranged on the first push plate 562; after liquid is filled into the storage box 2, the position of the supporting plate 5 is adjusted according to the required dropwise adding amount, after the position of the supporting plate 5 is fixed, the baffle plate 24 is moved away from the first through hole 22, the liquid in the storage box 2 enters the connecting pipe 3 from the first through hole 22, the connecting pipe 3 is filled with the liquid, the baffle plate 562 seals the first through hole 22, air enters the first air transmission cavity 42, the air enters the third movable cavity 55 through the second air transmission cavity 540, the air pushes the first push plate 562 to move along the inner wall of the third movable cavity 55, the first push rod 56 moves along the first push plate 562 towards the feed opening 54, the first push rod 56 pushes the sealing plate 541 to rotate, the sealing plate 541 rotates to form an inclined plane, the liquid in the connecting pipe 3 falls out from the feed opening 54, and the liquid is dropwise added into the reaction box 1 along the guide block 55, and the preparation of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is completed.

The first push rod is utilized to push the sealing plate to rotate around the connecting point, so that the blanking port is opened after the sealing plate is turned to an inclined state, an inclined plane facing the guide block is formed when the sealing plate is turned, liquid falling from the blanking port falls into the blanking port and then flows along the surface of the sealing plate, the liquid flowing out of the blanking port is guided to the position of the guide block, and the liquid flows downwards along the surface of the guide block, so that the liquid can enter the reaction box from the middle part of the feeding port, and the liquid is prevented from being adhered to the inner wall of the feeding port in the dropping process; because the introduced air flow is constant, the elongation of the first push rod is also kept constant, the opening degree of the feed opening is always consistent, the liquid amount flowing out of the feed opening is always consistent, and the liquid raw materials are uniformly added into the reaction box; control is done through letting in the air quantity in the first gas transmission intracavity, controls the elongation of first push rod to control the dropwise add speed of raw materials, make the interpolation of raw materials adjust speed as required, with the multiple mode of production that satisfies the water-reducing agent.

A fourth movable cavity 51 is arranged on the supporting plate, a fixed block 52 is arranged in the fourth movable cavity, a supporting rod 511 is arranged in the fourth movable cavity, a fixed spring 512 is arranged on the supporting rod, a plurality of second grooves 314 are arranged on the inner wall of the fixed plate, a plurality of convex ribs matched with the second grooves are arranged on the side wall of the fixed block, a through cavity is arranged at the top of the fourth movable cavity, a movable block 53 is arranged in the through cavity, a connecting spring 531 is arranged at the bottom of the movable block, a first connecting rope is arranged at one end of the fixed block, one end of the first connecting rope is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable block, and a second push rod 45 for driving the movable block to move upwards; when the position of the supporting plate is adjusted, the second push rod is utilized to drive the movable block to move upwards, the movable block pulls the first connecting rope, so that the fixed block is pulled by the first connecting rope to move towards the fourth movable cavity, the fixed block enters the fourth movable cavity, and the supporting rod can freely move in the connecting pipe; after removing the backup pad to the assigned position, promote the second push rod and down move, the movable block enters into logical intracavity again, first connecting rope no longer receives the dragging, fixed spring promotes the fixed block and stretches out from fourth activity intracavity, the fixed block contacts with the fixed plate inner wall, protruding muscle is embedded into in the second recess, under the mutually supporting of fixed block and fixed plate, fix the backup pad on required position, in order to accomplish the adjustment to connecting pipe inner space, do quantitative control to the liquid raw materials of adding in the reaction box installation box.

A fifth movable cavity 46 is arranged on the connecting shaft, the second push rod is arranged in the fifth movable cavity, a sixth movable cavity 44 is arranged at the top of the fifth movable cavity, a third connecting rod 451 is arranged on the second push rod, a second push plate 452 is arranged at the top of the third connecting rod, a seventh movable cavity 43 is arranged above the fifth movable cavity, a third push rod 41 penetrates through the seventh movable cavity, a third push plate 411 is arranged at the top of the third push rod, a second through groove communicated with the sixth movable cavity is arranged at the bottom of the seventh movable cavity, and a third supporting spring 441 is arranged at the top of the sixth movable cavity; when adjusting the backup pad position, down promote the third push pedal, the third push pedal promotes the third push rod and down moves, the third push rod moves towards seventh activity chamber bottom, push the sixth activity intracavity with the air of seventh activity intracavity under the third push rod effect, promote the second push pedal and up move under the atmospheric pressure effect, the second push pedal drives the second push rod and up moves, the second push rod drives the movable block and up moves when up moving, make the first connecting rope of movable block pulling move, in order to draw in the fourth activity intracavity with the fixed block, make the backup pad freely remove in the connecting tube.

The connecting pipe is provided with an observation window, and the observation window is provided with scales so as to accurately control the capacity in the connecting pipe; the first air transmission cavity air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the connecting shaft, so that the air inlet of the first air transmission cavity is prevented from being sealed when the third push plate moves downwards, and air can be normally transmitted into the first air transmission cavity.

A first groove 15 is formed in the bottom of the first through groove, a second support spring 343 is arranged in the first groove 15, a support block 34 is arranged at the top of the second support spring 343, a first sliding groove 33 is formed in the inner wall of the first through groove, a first sliding block 331 is arranged in the first sliding groove 33, a first connecting rod 311 is arranged on the side wall of the fixed plate 31, and the first connecting rod 311 is arranged on the first sliding block 331 in a penetrating manner; a plurality of first connecting plates 47 are arranged on the connecting shaft 4, second connecting rods 471 are arranged at the bottoms of the first connecting plates 47, a plurality of connecting holes 57 matched with the second connecting rods 471 are arranged on the supporting plate 5, and fixing rings 59 matched with the second connecting rods 471 are arranged in the connecting holes 57; an opening is formed in the side wall of the connecting pipe 3, and a sealing door 38 is arranged at the opening; when the connecting pipe 3 is cleaned, the connecting shaft 4 is pushed downwards, the supporting plate 5 is pushed to one side of the opening, the supporting plate 5 is taken out of the opening, the supporting block 35 is pushed downwards, the connecting shaft 4 is pulled upwards, the fixing plate 31 is pushed downwards, the fixing plate 31 is turned over, the fixing plate 31 rotates 180 degrees, the inner wall of the fixing plate 31 is cleaned, clean water is injected into the connecting pipe 3, the inner wall of the connecting pipe 3 is cleaned, and the cleaning of the connecting pipe 3 is completed; the supporting plate is taken out of the opening, then the fixing plate is pushed to rotate, the fixing plate is prevented from colliding with the connecting shaft and the supporting plate when rotating, the supporting plate can be normally turned over, the inner wall of the first fixing plate can be directly turned out, liquid in the second groove is cleaned, and the cleaning effect of the fixing plate is improved; under the action of the fixing block, the fixing plate is abutted against the top of the first through groove to fix the fixing plate, so that the fixing plate cannot turn over, and the fixing effect of the fixing plate on the supporting plate is ensured; by moving the supporting block, the fixed plate can move downwards for a small distance along the first through groove, so that a reserved space is provided for overturning the fixed plate, and the fixed plate has enough space to rotate so as to be directly cleaned; can rotate the fixed plate to horizontality, make first logical groove be in the open mode to in direct advancing the connecting pipe with rivers injection, do the clearance to the connecting pipe inner wall, reduce the clearance degree of difficulty to the connecting pipe.

A fourth push plate 341 is arranged on the side wall of the fixed block, a first movable groove 38 is arranged on the side wall of the connecting pipe, a first limiting spring 351 is arranged in the first movable groove, a first limiting block 35 is arranged at one end of the first limiting spring, and a second connecting plate 342 matched with the first limiting block is arranged on the fourth push plate; when the inner wall of the fixed plate is positioned in the connecting pipe, the position of the fixed plate is adjusted to enable the fixed plate to be in a vertical state, the fixed block moves upwards to abut against the bottom of the fixed plate, and the fixed plate is clamped between the fixed block and the inner wall of the first through groove, so that the fixed plate is fixed, and the fixed plate is prevented from being turned over in the using process; the first limiting block provides supporting force for the second connecting plate, the fixing block is fixed, the fixing block cannot move downwards, and the fixing effect of the fixing block on the fixing plate is guaranteed; when needs overturn the fixed plate inner wall, promote first stopper toward first activity inslot, first stopper enters into first activity inslot, down promotes the fourth push pedal, and the second connecting plate removes to first stopper bottom back, and first stopper stretches out from first activity inslot, and first stopper plays limiting displacement to the second connecting plate once more, fixes the supporting shoe in first logical groove bottom, makes the fixed plate have sufficient space to overturn to do the clearance to the fixed plate inner wall.

The fixed plate is provided with a cavity 312, the side wall of the cavity is made of rubber, the bottom of the cavity is provided with a fifth push plate 313, the fifth push plate is provided with a third connecting rod 3131, and the top of the third connecting rod is provided with a sixth push plate 3132; after the fixed plate inner wall upset entered into the connecting pipe, promote first stopper and enter into first movable groove, the supporting shoe up-moved under the second supporting spring effect, make the fixed block support in the fixed plate bottom, the fixed plate promotes sixth push pedal up-moving, sixth push pedal supports at first logical groove top surface, fifth push pedal is toward the cavity bottom motion, extrude the air in the cavity under the effect of fifth push pedal, make the air in the cavity receive the extrusion, cavity lateral wall atress inflation, increase the contact effect of cavity lateral wall and first logical groove inner wall, promote the sealed effect of fixed plate to first logical groove, avoid liquid to spill from the junction of fixed plate and first logical groove.

The rubber pad is arranged at the top of the fixed plate, the sixth push plate is contacted with the rubber pad when being propped against the top surface of the fixed plate, and the sealing effect of the sixth push plate and the fixed plate is improved under the arrangement of the rubber pad, so that the sixth push plate and the sealing plate are mutually matched to form a sealing structure.

A second movable groove 591 is formed in the inner wall of the fixing ring, a second limiting spring 592 is arranged in the second movable groove, a second limiting block 593 is arranged at one end of the second limiting spring, and a cambered surface is arranged at the top of the second limiting block; a notch is formed in the side wall of the fixing ring, a third connecting plate 5101 is arranged in the notch, a connecting disc 510 is arranged at the bottom of the third connecting plate, a connecting cavity is formed in the fixing ring, the second movable groove is communicated with the notch through the connecting cavity, a second limiting block is provided with a second connecting rope, and one end of the second connecting rope is fixedly connected to the third connecting plate; a fourth connecting rod 571 is arranged in the connecting hole, a supporting disk 572 is arranged on the fourth connecting rod, and a limiting plate 472 matched with the second limiting block is arranged on the second connecting rod; an eighth movable cavity 58 is arranged on the side wall of the connecting hole, a transmission plate 581 is arranged in the eighth movable cavity, the middle part of the transmission plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the eighth movable cavity, and one end of the transmission plate is hinged to the connecting disc; a third through groove is formed in the bottom of the eighth movable cavity, a push block 520 is arranged in the third through groove, a second slide block is arranged on the side wall of the push block, and a second slide block matched with the second slide block is arranged on the inner wall of the third through groove; the push block is arranged below one end of the transmission rod; the connecting pipe is internally provided with a connecting ring 32, the connecting ring is provided with a plurality of fourth push rods 321 matched with the push blocks, the side wall of the connecting ring is provided with a seventh push plate 322, the side wall mountain of the connecting pipe is provided with a third movable groove 37 matched with the seventh push plate, the connecting ring is also provided with a fourth connecting plate 323, and one side of the third movable groove is provided with a fourth movable groove matched with the fourth connecting plate.

When the connecting pipe is cleaned, the connecting shaft is pushed downwards, the supporting plate is pushed to move downwards under the action of the connecting shaft and moves to the top of the connecting ring, the fourth push rod pushes the push block to move upwards, the driving plate rotates around the connecting point, the other end of the driving plate drives the connecting disc to move downwards, the connecting disc pulls the second connecting rope to move, the second connecting rope drives the second limiting block to enter the second movable groove, the connecting shaft is pulled upwards, the connecting shaft can be directly pulled out of the supporting plate, the sealing door is opened, the supporting plate is taken out of the opening, the first limiting block is pushed into the first movable groove, the fixing block is directly pushed to move downwards, and the fixing plate is enabled to have enough space to turn over so as to clean the inner wall of the fixing plate, the inner wall of the connecting pipe and; after the connecting pipe is cleaned, the fixing plate is pushed to turn over, so that the inner wall of the fixing plate rotates to enter the connecting pipe, and the resetting of the fixing plate is completed; the seventh push plate is pushed and drives the connecting ring to rotate, so that the position of the fourth push rod is staggered with the position of the push block, the third movable groove is closed under the arrangement of the fourth connecting plate, and a gap is prevented from being formed in the connecting pipe when the connecting ring rotates; the backup pad is arranged in fourth push rod top, down promotes the connecting axle, the connecting axle drives the second connecting rod and moves down, the second connecting rod inserts in the connecting hole, the limiting plate contacts with the second stopper, under the cambered surface effect of second stopper top surface, push the second stopper to the second activity inslot, make the limiting plate move to second stopper bottom, the second connecting rod supports on the supporting disk, accomplish being connected of connecting axle and backup pad, so that utilize the connecting axle to do control to the position of backup pad.

The second push rod is made of a magnet, and the movable block is made of iron alloy; the rubber ring 530 is arranged at the top of the second air transmission cavity, the connecting effect of the first air transmission cavity and the second air transmission cavity is guaranteed when the connecting shaft is connected to the supporting plate, air in the first air transmission cavity can be effectively conveyed to the second air transmission cavity, and air leakage is avoided.

The top of the storage box is provided with a cover plate 21, the connecting shaft penetrates through the cover plate, and the inner wall of the storage box can be directly cleaned in a mode of opening the cover plate.

Example 2:

(1) melting: at normal temperature, adding polyether which accounts for 40 percent of the total proportion of the total solution into a reaction box, and then adding water which accounts for 43.4 percent of the total proportion of the total solution for dissolving;

(2) free radical polymerization: dripping acrylic acid accounting for 6 percent of the total proportion of the solution into the dissolved solution, and starting dripping thioglycolic acid accounting for 0.6 percent of the total proportion of the solution after finishing dripping;

(3) grafting reaction: heating the solution subjected to free radical polymerization until the temperature reaches 80-85 ℃, and dropwise adding a mixture for one and a half hours, wherein the mixture is formed by mixing ammonium persulfate accounting for 1% of the total weight of the solution and water accounting for 9% of the total weight of the solution;

the above five steps are all carried out in a closed state.

The reaction chamber structure is the same as that of example 1.

Example 3:

a production process of a polycarboxylate superplasticizer comprises the following steps: translation of characters

(1) Melting: at normal temperature, adding polyether accounting for 50 percent of the total proportion of the total solution into a reaction box, and then adding water accounting for 31.5 percent of the total proportion of the total solution for dissolving;

(2) free radical polymerization: dripping acrylic acid accounting for 7.5 percent of the total proportion of the solution into the dissolved solution, and starting dripping thioglycolic acid accounting for 0.75 percent of the total proportion of the solution after finishing dripping;

(3) grafting reaction: heating the solution subjected to free radical polymerization until the temperature reaches 80-85 ℃, and dropwise adding a mixture for one and a half hours, wherein the mixture is formed by mixing ammonium persulfate accounting for 1.25 percent of the total proportion of the solution and water accounting for 9 percent of the total proportion of the solution;

(5) compounding: cooling the heat-insulated semi-finished product solution to 50 ℃, pumping the heat-insulated semi-finished product solution into a compounding tank, adding a certain amount of additive (wherein, for example, the larger the doping amount of the retarding additive is, the longer the setting time of concrete is, sodium gluconate is one of the retarders, so if the setting time of concrete needs to be prolonged, the heat-insulated semi-finished product solution can be cooled to 50 ℃, pumped into the compounding tank, and sodium gluconate is added to prolong the setting time of concrete, an air entraining agent is used for improving the durability of concrete, has water retention and can improve the pumping performance of concrete, so if the durability or/and the pumping performance of concrete needs to be improved, the heat-insulated semi-finished product solution can be cooled to 50 ℃, pumped into the compounding tank, adding the air entraining agent, wherein the doping amount of the air entraining agent is generally about 0.5 percent in the finished product, and the amount of the air entraining agent in the concrete is generally controlled to be between 2 and 5 percent, the air entraining agent comprises rosin thermopolymer, sodium lignosulfonate, triterpenoid saponin, dodecyl sulfonate, sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene sulfonate, protein salt and the like, and a producer can select the type of the air entraining agent to be fed per se according to actual needs, and the mixed solution is injected into a finished product tank after being diluted by adding water;

the above five steps are all carried out in a closed state.

The reaction chamber structure is the same as that of example 1.

Claims

1. A production process of a polycarboxylate superplasticizer is characterized by comprising the following steps: at normal temperature, when polyether accounting for 20-50% of the total proportion of the total solution is added into a reaction box (1), water accounting for 30-71.7% of the total proportion of the total solution is added for dissolution, and free radical polymerization is carried out: dripping acrylic acid accounting for 3-7.5% of the total proportion of the solution after dissolution into the solution, starting dripping thioglycolic acid accounting for 0.3% of the total proportion of the solution after dripping is finished, and carrying out grafting reaction: heating the solution subjected to free radical polymerization until the temperature reaches 80-85 ℃, and dropwise adding a mixture for one and a half hours, wherein the mixture is formed by mixing ammonium persulfate accounting for 0.5 percent of the total proportion of the solution and water accounting for 4.5-10.5 percent of the total proportion of the solution, and preserving the heat: keeping the temperature of the solution subjected to the grafting reaction at 80 ℃ for one half hour to two hours;

wherein, the lateral wall of the reaction box (1) is provided with a discharging pipe (11), the reaction box (1) is provided with a heating block (13), the reaction box (1) is internally provided with a transmission shaft (14), the transmission shaft (14) is provided with a stirring rod (141), the lateral wall of the reaction box (1) is provided with a heat preservation layer (12), the top of the reaction box (1) is provided with a plurality of feed inlets (15), the top of the reaction box (1) is provided with a plurality of connecting pipes (3) matched with the feed inlets (15), the top of the connecting pipe (3) is provided with a storage box (2), the lateral wall of the connecting pipe (3) is provided with a first through groove, the first through groove is internally provided with a fixing plate (31), the connecting pipe (3) is internally provided with a supporting plate (5), the supporting plate (5) is provided with a connecting shaft (4, the bottom of the supporting plate (5) is provided with a guide block (55), the supporting plate (5) is provided with a feed opening (54), and the feed opening (54) is arranged above the guide block (55); when the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is prepared, polyether and water are added into a reaction box (1), a transmission shaft (14) drives a stirring rod (141) to rotate, and the polyether and the water are mixed in the reaction box (1); placing acrylic acid into one of the material storage boxes (2), then placing a mixture of thioglycollic acid, ammonium sulfate and water into the other material storage box (2), pushing the connecting shaft (4) to drive the supporting plate (5) to move, and determining the position of the supporting plate (5) according to the required dropwise adding amount; after backup pad (5) position is confirmed, liquid in storage case (2) enters into in connecting pipe (3), liquid in connecting pipe (3) is from feed opening (54) department downstream, liquid glues along guide block (55) down landing, drop into reaction case (1) with liquid in, according to the precedence in proper order with corresponding liquid in adding reaction case (1) in proper order, after polycarboxylate water reducer preparation, discharge in polycarboxylate water reducer discharging pipe (11), obtain the polycarboxylate water reducer of primary product.

2. The production process of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: and cooling the heat-preserved water to 50 ℃, pumping the water into a compounding pool, adding an additive, adding water for dilution, and pumping the compounded solution into a finished product tank.

3. The production process of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the above steps are all carried out in a closed state.

4. The production process of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: a first movable cavity (23) is arranged at the bottom of the storage box (2), a plurality of first through holes (22) are arranged at the bottom of the storage box (2), and a baffle plate (24) matched with the first through holes (22) is arranged in the first movable cavity (23); a sealing plate (541) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feed opening (54), and a first supporting spring (542) matched with the sealing plate (541) is arranged on the inner wall of the feed opening (54); a first air conveying cavity (42) is arranged on the connecting shaft (4), a second air conveying cavity (540) communicated with the first air conveying cavity (42) is arranged on the supporting plate (5), a second movable cavity communicated with the discharging opening (54) is further arranged on the supporting plate (5), a third movable cavity (55) communicated with the second air conveying cavity (540) is arranged at the top of the second movable cavity, a first push rod (56) is arranged in the second movable cavity, a first push plate (562) is arranged on the first push rod (56), the first push plate (562) is arranged in the third movable cavity (55), and a reset spring (561) is arranged on the first push plate (562); after liquid is filled into a storage box (2), the position of a supporting plate (5) is adjusted according to the required dropwise adding amount, after the position of the supporting plate (5) is fixed, a baffle plate (24) is moved away from a first through hole (22), the liquid in the storage box (2) enters a connecting pipe (3) from the first through hole (22), after the connecting pipe (3) is filled with the liquid, the baffle plate (562) seals the first through hole (22), air enters a first air conveying cavity (42), the air enters a third movable cavity (55) through a second air conveying cavity (540), the air pushes a first push plate (562) to move along the inner wall of the third movable cavity (55), a first push rod (56) moves along the direction of a feed opening (54) along with the first push plate (562), the first push rod (56) pushes a sealing plate (541) to rotate, the sealing plate (541) rotates to form an inclined plane, and the liquid in the connecting pipe (3) falls out from the feed opening (54), and (3) dropwise adding the liquid into the reaction box (1) along the guide block (55) to finish the preparation of the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.

5. The production process of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: a first groove (15) is formed in the bottom of the first through groove, a second supporting spring (343) is arranged in the first groove (15), a supporting block (34) is arranged at the top of the second supporting spring (343), a first sliding groove (33) is formed in the inner wall of the first through groove, a first sliding block (331) is arranged in the first sliding groove (33), a first connecting rod (311) is arranged on the side wall of the fixing plate (31), and the first connecting rod (311) penetrates through the first sliding block (331); a plurality of first connecting plates (47) are arranged on the connecting shaft (4), a second connecting rod (471) is arranged at the bottom of each first connecting plate (47), a plurality of connecting holes (57) matched with the second connecting rods (471) are arranged on the supporting plate (5), and fixing rings (59) matched with the second connecting rods (471) are arranged in the connecting holes (57); an opening is formed in the side wall of the connecting pipe (3), and a sealing door (38) is arranged at the opening; when wasing connecting pipe (3), down promote connecting axle (4), with backup pad (5) propelling movement to opening one side, take out backup pad (5) from the opening in, down promote supporting shoe (35), up pulling connecting axle (4), down promote fixed plate (31) simultaneously, upset fixed plate (31), fixed plate (31) rotate 180, do the clearance on fixed plate (31) inner wall, inject into connecting pipe (3) with the clear water afterwards in, do the clearance to connecting pipe (3) inner wall, accomplish the washing of connecting pipe (3).